高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 1 Science and Scientists导学案及答案

Unit 1 Science and Scientists Learning About Language

表语从句

观察下面句子, 并用适当的连词填空

(1)One theory was that bad air caused the disease.

(2)The other was that cholera was caused by infection from germs in food or water.

(3)The truth was that the water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste.

(4)What John Snow showed to the world was how cholera could be overcome.

一、概念

在主从复合句中充当表语的从句, 叫作表语从句。它常位于系动词之后, 用来说明主语的身份或特征。

二、连接词的用法

1. that引导的表语从句。

用法: ①无意义　②不充当句子成分　③不可省略

*(2021·全国乙卷) The problem may be that,  in our offices,  we can’t stop ourselves from getting drawn into others’ conversations while we’re trying to focus.

问题可能是, 在我们的办公室里, 当我们试图集中注意力时, 我们无法阻止自己卷入别人的谈话中。

*The trouble is that we haven’t found enough proofs to prove him to be guilty.

麻烦是我们还没有找到足够的证据来证明他有罪。

2. whether引导的表语从句。

*The question is whether your parents will subscribe to your plan to travel to Tibet this summer holiday.  

问题是你的父母是否同意你暑假去西藏旅行的计划。

3. 连接代词who/whom/whose/what/which引导表语从句, 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语。

*The problem is who is willing to defend for the suspect in the court. 问题是谁愿意为这个嫌疑犯在法庭上辩护。

*With the efforts of local people,  the city is no longer what it used to be. 在当地人的努力下, 这个城市不再是过去的样子。

4. 连接副词引导的表语从句。

*The problem is how we can transform our initial dream into reality.

问题是我们如何把我们的最初的梦想变成现实。

*That’s where the famous astronomer disagreed.

那就是这个著名的天文学家不同意的地方。

5. because, as if/as though等引导的表语从句。

*That’s because you don’t know how to handle this kind of crisis. 这是因为你不知道如何应对这类危机。

*It looks as if the young man is likely to be in charge of the department.  

看起来似乎这个年轻人有可能负责这个部门。

语法填空

(1)(2020•全国Ⅱ卷) The good news is that it’s simple to learn and can be worth the effort.

(2)(2020·全国Ⅰ卷) The bottom line is that I shouldn’t lie to my kids.

(3)The question is whether technology is going to be our servant or our master.

(4) All I know is what I read in the papers.  

(5) This is where I don’t agree with you.

三、注意事项

1. why和because引导的表语从句的区别。

*I didn’t phone her, and that’s why she got angry with me.

我没有给她打电话。那就是她生我气的原因。

(强调她生气的这一结果)

*I didn’t phone her, and that’s because I got angry with her.

我没有给她打电话, 那是因为我生她的气了。

(强调没打电话的原因)

2. reason作主语或主语中包含事件的起因时, 后面的表语从句表示原因时, 要用that来引导, 而不是because。

*The reason why the injection needs repeating every year is that the virus changes.  

每年需要重新注射的原因是这病毒会变化。

3. 表语从句中的虚拟语气。

在表语从句中, 表示间接的命令、要求、请求、建议、决定等, 主句中的主语通常是: advice, suggestion, proposal, request, order, idea等, 从句谓语形式是“should+动词原形”(should可以省略, 但不可换成would)。

*My suggestion is that we (should)start early tomorrow.

我的建议是我们明天早出发。

语法填空

(1)I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. This is why I had a few days off.

(2)He was late today. This is because he got up late.

(3)The reason why we didn’t go was that we were not informed of the information.

(4)My proposal is that you (should) arrange your assistant to this project.

　　使用本单元所学语法知识(表语从句)翻译下面的语段:

　　好消息是我们学校要去露营。由于最近的糟糕天气, 问题是我们什么时候动身。学生们关心的是我们去哪里露营。那是因为我们想去一个风景美丽的地方。我的建议是我们去附近的峡谷。原因是交通非常方便。最吸引人的是那里有很多名胜。

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　　The good news is that our school will go camping. Due to bad weather recently,  the problem is when we will set off. Students’ concern is where we will camp. That’s because we want to go to a place with beautiful scenery. My suggestion is that we should go to the valley nearby. The reason is that the traffic is convenient. What’s the most attractive is that there are many famous places of interest.