高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 2 Bridging Cultures导学案及答案

Unit 2 Bridging Cultures Reading and Thinking

【词汇知识·自主学习】

Ⅰ. 根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词

1. the complex structure of the human brain

错综复杂的人脑构造

2. recall the past 回想过去

3. a teaching qualification 教学资格

4. achieve one’s ambition 实现某人的目标

5. her adaptation to the new culture 她对新文化的适应

6. feel comforted 感到安慰

7. a strict tutor 一位严格的导师

8. cite their ideas 引用别人的观点

9. students’ participation in class 学生的课堂参与

10. give presentations  进行陈述

11. a cultural messenger 文化使者

12. in later editions 在以后的版本中

Ⅱ. 根据语境用恰当的介、副词填空

1. She didn’t even say goodbye to her mother.

2. John set up a business of his own at the age of 24.

3. She found it hard to adapt to life in a big city.

4. I didn’t think I could ever get used to living in a big city after living in the country.

5. Many people are familiar with the concept of maths.

6. The girls in his class are willing to participate in the dancing party.

7. If you have any different ideas, please speak up now.

8. The assistant did what he could to make Tom feel at home.

9. You can make new friends if you get involved in group activities.

10. Engaging in British culture has helped Xie Lei adapt herself to her new life abroad.

Ⅲ. 根据课文及汉语提示补全句子

1. It was the first time that she had left China.  

这是她第一次离开中国。

2. “I didn’t know what to expect, ” Xie Lei recalled.  

“我不知道我所期望的是什么, ”谢蕾回想。

3. My ambition is to set up a business in China after graduation.  

我的愿望是毕业后在中国创业。

4. As well as studying hard, I’ve been involved in social activities.  

除了努力学习, 我还参加了一些社交活动。

5. While I’m learning about business, I am also acting as a cultural messenger building a bridge between us. 在攻读商科的同时, 我也在扮演文化使者的角色, 在我们之间架起了一座桥梁。 

根据给出的构词规则写出下列单词

1. -ation 常用于动词之后构成名词

qualify v. →qualification 　　　　n. 资格; 学历

adapt v. →adaptation     n. 适应; 改编本

participate v. →participation   n. 参加; 参与

expect v. →expectation     n. 期望; 预期

explain v. → explanation    n. 解释 

examine v. →examination    n. 考试

2. 动词之后加ure可转化为名词

expose v. →exposure  n. 接触; 体验; 暴露

fail v. →failure    n. 失败

please v. →pleasure   n. 快乐

press v. →pressure   n. 压力

【阅读精析·合作学习】

　Task 1　框架宏观建构: 整体理解 

Skim the passage and fill in the blanks.

【寻技巧·提能力】

　　长难句是指句子过长或者复杂, 通常是该句除了主干之外还包含了一些附加部分, 如插入语、同位语、分隔现象、各种从句或较长的非谓语动词短语等。

如何处理长难句?

1. 找谓语, 找定语

一般情况下, 一个谓语形式的动词对应其动作的发出者(主语), 我们可以根据谓语动词的意义来确定其主语。而且, 如果一个句子中出现两个或两个以上的谓语形式的动词, 则该句可以是并列句或复合句(并列谓语动词的情况除外)。

2. 提主干, 去枝叶

一般情况下, 一个句子中的主句所表达的信息为主要信息, 从句、状语和定语等所表达的信息为次要信息。若句子的主干提炼不出来, 就不能完全把握句子的核心意义, 从而导致思维混乱, 主次不分。

3. 寻关联, 辩逻辑

一些长句其实是由若干分句组成的并列句或复合句。而这些并列句或复合句之间需要一些关联词来连接。如果我们找准这些关联词, 就能够弄清楚句与句之间的逻辑关系, 分别弄清主句的意义和从句的意义, 则长句就容易对付得多了。

4. 看搭配, 防分隔

有时一个长句或难句是由一个或多个搭配构成, 而且这些搭配中常常出现分隔现象。读者若受分隔现象的干扰而看不清句子的本来面目, 则对句意的理解就会发生偏差。

　Task 2　文本微观剖析:  细节探究 

1. Choose the best answer.

(1)Why did Xie Lei choose the exchange programme?

A. To learn global business and improve English.

B. To travel and experience a different culture.

C. To study for a business qualification.

D. To set up a business of her own.

(2)What did Xie Lei do when she didn’t understand what a native said? 

A. Turn to another one. 　　　　 B. Ask him to repeat.

C. Repeat her question.     D. Speak more slowly.

(3)Why did Xie Lei choose to live with a host family?

A. Because they can help her adapt to the new culture.

B. Because they can offer her a comfortable room.

C. Because she can teach them about Chinese culture.

D. Because it is convenient for her to go to the university.

(4)What does her tutor want to know about Xie Lei?

A. Her real level.    B. Her study result.

C. Her own ideas.   D. Her attitude to learning.

(5)What do we know about Xie Lei’s study in London? 

A. She hates writing essays.  B. She learns slowly.

C. She lacks confidence.  D. She adapts quickly.

(6)What does Xie Lei think her identity is? 

A. An honored visitor.

B. A cultural messenger.

C. A bridge builder.

D. A fluent translator.

答案: (1)～(6)ABACDB

Reread the passage and fill in the blanks.

课文语法填空

　　Six months ago Xie Lei said goodbye to her family and friends in China and (1)boarded(board) a plane for London. She is studying in a university in England on an exchange programme. But (2)studying(study) here is quite different from studying in China. “You have to get (3)used(use) to a whole new way of life. When I got lost and had to ask a passer-by for directions, I didn’t always understand. They (4)usually(usual) speak too fast. ”Xie Lei said.

Xie Lei lives with a host family who give her lots of good advice. Living with a host family gives her the chance (5)to learn(learn) more about the new culture.  

The academic (6)requirements(requirement) of a western university are different. The tutor wanted to know (7)what she thought, not others’ ideas. He advised that she should read lots of different texts that contain different opinions (8)and analyze what she read.

She feels much more (9)at home in England now, and what seemed very strange before now (10)appears(appear) quite normal. She also spends much time for social activities and joins a few clubs. She is fitting very well in England.

2. Long sentence analysis.

(1)The first time that she had to write an essay(时间状语从句), her tutor(主语)explained(谓语)that she must acknowledge (第一个宾语从句)what other people had said(从句中的宾语从句) if she cited their ideas (条件状语从句), but (并列连词) that he mainly wanted to know(第二个宾语从句)what she thought(从句中的宾语从句)!  

译文: 她第一次写论文时, 导师跟她解释说, 如果引用别人的观点就一定要注明, 不过导师主要是想了解她本人的观点。

(2)At first(状语), Xie Lei(主语) had(谓语) no idea(宾语) what she should say(同位语从句), but(并列连词) what surprised her (主语从句)was that she found herself speaking up in class after just a few weeks(表语从句).  

译文: 刚开始, 谢蕾不知道该说什么。让她惊喜的是, 仅仅几周的时间, 她就能在课堂上大胆发言了。

　Task 3　阅读思维升华: 主题实践 

1. What challenges do you think a student studying abroad may have? (Divergent Thinking发散性思维)

Language, different ways of life, weather, food, communication, loneliness.  

2. What are the advantages and disadvantages of studying abroad? (Critical Thinking批判性思维)

Disadvantages:

①We have to learn to adapt to the new surroundings.  

②At first it is difficult to communicate with others.  

③We maybe feel lonely and miss our parents and friends in China.  

Advantages:

①It will help us to be independent.  

②It’s easier to learn a foreign language.  

③We’ll learn a lot about the local culture.  

④It’s easier to learn different studying methods.  

【要点精研·探究学习】

1. qualification n. (通过考试或学习课程取得的)资格; 学历

*Xie Lei is studying for a business qualification at a university in China and has come to our university on a year-long exchange programme.

谢蕾在中国的一所大学攻读商科, 来我校进行为期一年的交流项目。

*In order to be a qualified volunteer, I have to improve myself by reading some books about Tianjin so as to know more about it.

为了成为一名合格的志愿者, 我必须通过阅读有关天津的书籍来提高自己, 以便更多地了解天津。

* I think I’m qualified for the position I am applying for.

我觉得我能胜任我申请的工作。

【词块积累】

(1)qualification for. . . 　　……的资格

(2)qualify  vt. & vi. (使)具有资格; (使)合格

qualify for sth.  具备……的资格

(3)qualified  adj. 合格的; 有资格的

be qualified for. . .  有……的资格;  可胜任

be qualified as. . .  有当……的资格

be qualified to do. . .  能胜任, 有资格做……

(1)语法填空

①He had thought that he was qualified(qualify)as a judge.

②Only two percent of them are qualified for skilled work.

③Previous teaching experience is a necessary qualification(qualify) for this job.

(2)She loves teaching and she is well qualified for a good teacher.  

她热爱教书, 完全有资格成为一名出色的教师。

(3)He is qualified to teach English.  

他有资格教英语。

2. adaptation n. 适应; 改编本; 改编

*(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)On Thursday in an article published in Cell,  a team of researchers reported a new kind of adaptation—not to air or to food,  but to the ocean.

周四在《细胞》杂志上发表的一篇文章中, 一个研究小组报告了一种新的适应方式——不是对空气或食物, 而是对海洋。

*(2020·全国Ⅲ卷) People in Ethiopian highlands have adapted to living at high altitudes.

埃塞俄比亚高地的人们已经适应了高海拔地区的生活。

*The gifted scriptwriter helped him to adapt his novel for the screen.

这位有天赋的编剧帮助他将其所著小说改编成电影。

【词块积累】

(1)adapt to　　　　　　适应/适合……

adapt oneself to 使自己适应……

adapt. . . to do. . .  调整……以做……

(2)adapt. . . from. . .  根据……改编……

adapt. . . for 把……改写/改编成……

【易混辨析】

　　adapt与adopt在拼写上只有一个字母之差, 但在意义上却大相径庭。adopt意为“采取, 收养”, 如adopt an idea采纳观点, adopt a child收养孩子。

(1)语法填空

①We have had to adapt quickly to the new system.

②Most of these tools have been specially adapted(adapt)for use by disabled people.

③The film has been adapted(adapt) from a play of the same title.  

④The television adaptation(adapt) of the stage play was very successful.

(2)It took him a while to adapt himself to his new surroundings.  

他过了好一阵子才适应了新环境。

3. comfort n. 舒服; 安慰; 令人感到安慰的人或事物; 安逸

vt. 安慰; 抚慰

*When I miss home, I feel comforted to have a second family.

想家的时候, 我为自己又拥有一个家庭而感到欣慰。

*Above all, they had enough money to live in comfort in their old age.  

重要的是他们有足够的钱舒舒服服地安度晚年。

*Thanks to my parents’ efforts, we live a comfortable and steady life.  

多亏了父母的努力, 我们过着舒适而又稳定的生活。

【词块积累】

 (1)be a comfort to sb. 　　　对某人来说是个安慰

in comfort 舒适地

comfort sb. with sth.  用某物安慰某人

(2)comfortable  adj. 舒适的; 舒服的

(3)comfortably  adv. 舒适地

(4)uncomfortable  adj. 不舒适的

语法填空

(1)(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷) People want to listen to someone who is interesting, relaxed and comfortable (comfort).  

(2)The children have been a great comfort to me through all of this.

(3)She took her daughter in her arms and tried to comfort (comfort) her.  

(4)He settled himself comfortably(comfortable) in his usual chair.

(5) Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable (comfortable).

4. participation n. 参加; 参与

*Xie Lei also found many courses included students’ participation in class as part of the final result.

谢蕾还发现, 很多课程的最终成绩都包括学生的课堂参与。

*(2020·天津高考)All who participated have gained a positive outcome from getting involved.

所有参与的人都从参与中获得了好的结果。

*You should be willing to participate with your friend in his sufferings. 你应当愿意分担朋友的苦恼。

*He has been an active participant in the discussion.

他一直积极参与这次讨论。

【词块积累】

 (1)participate 　　　　　　vi. 参加; 参与

participate with sb. in sth.  与某人分担某事; 同某人一起参与某事

participate in (doing) sth.  参加/参与(做)某事

(2)participant  n. 参加者; 共享者

　　participate 表示“参加, 参与”时, 是不及物动词, 后面一般跟in, 构成短语participate in。表示“参加”的短语还有: join in, take part in, get involved in。

【巧学助记】

Encouraged by the teacher, the participants actively participated in the English speech contest. Their participation inspired the rest of the class to study hard.

在老师的鼓励下, 参与者积极参加英语演讲比赛。他们的参与鼓励了班上其他人努力学习。

(1)语法填空

①All the participants(participate)were required to sign in as they entered the hall to attend the meeting.

②We are surprised to know the ambitious student should refuse to participate in the contest.

③Some of the magic tricks called for audience participation(participate).

(2)They enjoy participating in a wide variety of activities,  both locally and further afield.   

他们乐于参与本地及外地的各种活动。

5. engage vi. 参加; 参与(活动)vt. 吸引(注意力、兴趣); 雇用; 订婚

*I’ll engage in John’s behavior if you decide to employ him. 

如果你决定聘用约翰, 我愿为他的行为担保。

*Although he was busy, he continued to engage in many activities.

虽然他很忙, 但他继续参与很多活动。

*It is a movie that engages both the mind and the eye.

这是一部令人赏心悦目的影片。

*He is currently engaged as a consultant.

他现在受雇为顾问。

【词块积累】

 (1)engage sb. (as. . . )　　　　雇用某人(当……)

engage one’s attention/interest 吸引某人的注意力/兴趣

engage in/on 从事……; 订婚

be engaged in sth. / doing sth.  忙于……, 从事……

(2)engaged  adj. 忙碌的, 订了婚的

(3)engagement  n. 婚约; 约会

(1)写出黑体单词的词义

①They never learned skills to engage the attention of the others.  吸引

②We engaged the services of an outstanding engineer.  雇用

③I have never engaged in the drug trade.  参与

④They’re engaged, but they haven’t yet named the day.  订婚

(2)语法填空

①He is engaged in training(train) to achieve his ambition.

②Their engagement(engage)was announced in the local paper.

③ The experienced old man was engaged as a guide.

6. involve vt. 包含; 需要; 涉及; 影响; (使)参加

*They often involve consumers in trying the craft themselves. 

他们经常让消费者亲自参与这种手工活动。

*The job involves me travelling all over the country.

这份工作需要我在全国各地跑。

*How many vehicles were involved in the crash?

这次撞车事故涉及多少辆汽车?

【词块积累】

 (1)involve sb. in (doing) sth.

　　　　　　　　　　　使某人参与(做)某事; 将某人牵涉到(做)某事中

involve doing sth.  包括做某事

(2)get/be involved with 参加; 参与; 和……关系密切

(1)语法填空

①The test will involve answering(answer)questions about a photograph.

②She really didn’t want to be involved(involve)in the whole family thing.

(2)(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)200 students from all grades were involved in this running race.  

来自各个年级的200个学生参加了跑步比赛。

7. The first time that she had to write an essay, her tutor explained that she must acknowledge what other people had said if she cited their ideas, but that he mainly wanted to know what she thought!   

她第一次写论文时, 导师跟她解释说, 如果引用别人的观点就一定要说明, 不过导师主要是想知道她自己是怎么想的!

【句式解构】

　　句中the first time引导时间状语从句, 意为“第一次……”类似句式还有the last/next time that. . . 意为“上次/下次……”除此之外, any time/every time/each time/the moment/the instant/the minute等都可以充当连词, 引导时间状语从句。

*I thought her nice and honest the first time I saw her.

我第一次见到她时就觉得她很好, 很诚实。

*The last time we moved house there were very few breakages.

我们上次搬家时几乎没有什么物品破损。

for the first time意为“首次, 第一次”, 是介词短语, 在句中作状语。

*For the first time in years, she felt in command of her life.

多少年来第一次, 她觉得生活掌握在自己的手里。

(1)I felt bad the first time I talked to a tour group.  

第一次给旅行团作讲解时, 我的心情很不好。

(2)Every/Each time I see the old man in the park, he is absorbed in reading newspapers.  

每次我在公园里看到这位老人时, 他都在专注地读报。

(3)I’ll never forget hearing this piece of music for the first time.  

我永远不会忘记第一次听到这首曲子的情景。

【要点拾遗】

1. ambition n. 追求的目标; 夙愿; 野心; 抱负

*She never achieved her ambition of becoming a famous writer.

她一直未能实现成为一名著名作家的抱负。

* She was intelligent but suffered from a lack of ambition.

她很聪明, 但却缺乏远大志向。

完成句子

(1)His ambition is to sail round the world.  

他的梦想是环球航行。

(2)We are looking for an ambitious young assistant.  

我们正在找一名有雄心壮志的青年助手。

2. speak up大声点说; 明确表态

*I’m quite deaf—you’ll have to speak up.

我耳背——你得大声说。

*Uncle Herbert never argued, never spoke up for himself.

赫伯特叔叔从不与人争吵, 也从不为自己辩护。

【词块积累】

speak up for　　　　　　为……说话; 支持

speak highly of 高度赞扬

语法填空

(1) Don’t be afraid to speak up and give your point of view.  

要敢于表达自己的观点。

(2) Don’t wait for the person next to you to be the first to speak up for what’s right.  

不要等待你身旁的人第一个为正义发言。

(3) Whenever I make progress, my parents always speak highly of me.  

无论什么时候我取得进步, 我父母总是给我很高的评价。

3. It was the first time that she had left China.  

这是她第一次离开中国。

【句式解构】

句式“It/This/That+was+the first/the second/. . . time (that)+过去完成时”表示“第一/第二/……次……”。

*It was the second time that she had subscribed to China Daily.  

这是她第二次订阅《中国日报》。

(1)“It/This/That+is+the first/the second/. . . time (that)+现在完成时”表示“第一/第二/……次……”。

*It is the first time that I have participated in this kind of activity.

这是我第一次参加这类活动。

(2)It is/was (about/high) time (that) . . . should do sth. /did sth. 意为“到了做某事的时间了”。相当于It is/was time for sb. to do sth. 。

*It is time that we should handle/handled the difficult problem.  

到了我们该处理这个难题的时间了。

语法填空

(1)For most students, we guess, it is the first time that they have been(be) away from home.  

(2) She didn’t feel a bit nervous though it was the first time that she had spoken(speak) in public.  

(3) It is high time that we developed/(should) develop(develop) our industry and agriculture.  

【拓视野·观天下】

1. The Chang’e-5 completed the last part of the 11-stage moon mission, which was one of the most complex and challenging explorations in China’s aerospace history.

嫦娥五号完成了11级登月任务的最后一部分, 这是中国航天史上最复杂、最具挑战性的探索之一。

2. The major South Asian country has been setting ambitious goals,  while narrowing down its development paths.

南亚的主要国家一直在制定雄心勃勃的目标, 同时缩短发展的进程。

3. Huawei on Wednesday gained conditional approval in Germany to participate in the country’s 5G construction.

周三, 德国批准在法国的5G网络中有条件地使用华为产品及技术。

4. In particular, the EU will show its determination to engage in further cooperation with China.

特别的是, 欧盟将表示与中国进一步合作的决心。