还剩19页未读，
继续阅读
所属成套资源：全套人教版高中英语选择性必修第四册课时作业含答案
成套系列资料，整套一键下载
高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 1 Science Fiction练习
展开
这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 1 Science Fiction练习，共22页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37，5分，满分15分)等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
A
Here we will shw yu sme f the best winter RV(野营车) destinatins in the US.
Casa Del Sl Resrt(度假胜地)
At the Casa Del Sl，yu are sure t feel right at hme.This RV destinatin ffers shwers，laundry facilities，restrms and free Wi-Fi at the RV sites.They dn’t stp there thugh，this awesme RV park ffers an Olympic-sized heated pl，craft rms as well as planned year-rund activities t keep yu busy and active.
Glden Village Palms RV Resrt
This RV resrt in sunny suthern Califrnia is a great chice t spend yur winter mnths! This RV park ffers a big pl，utdr barbecues，a lending library and even free cffee! On the RV hk-up sites they feature cheap Wi-Fi and landscaping services t keep the park neat and clean! A great place t park yur RV fr the winter!
Riverbend Resrt Cabins & RV Park
Riverbend Resrt Cabins and RV Park is the perfect place fr yur RV when yu want a warm place t return t after a lng day f hiking，biking r fishing in the cld! It ffers water，sewer and electrical hk-ups，as well as cheap Wi-Fi.It als ffers utdr grills and picnic tables.There is easy access t hiking and biking trails frm the campsite.
Frge Adirndack
Frge Adirndack resrt ffers many activities t attract yu t their campgrunds fr winter recreatin! It ffers snwmbiling which is ppular with mst turists，a snwshe track，bat rentals and even hrseback riding! It has 8 different sites fr heated restrms and shwers，and each site cmes cmplete with picnic tables.
( )1．Which f the fllwing is free f charge at the Casa Del Sl Resrt?
A．Restrms.B．Wi-Fi.
C．Laundry facilities.D．Shwers.
( )2．Which destinatin ffers free cffee?
A．Casa Del Sl Resrt.
B．Riverbend Resrt Cabins & RV Park.
C．Glden Village Palms RV Resrt.
D．Frge Adirndack.
( )3．Which attracts mst turists at Frge Adirndack?
A．A snwshe track.B．Swimming.
C．Snwmbiling.D．Hrseback riding.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，展示了四个美国最好的冬季野营车目的地。
1．B 细节理解题。根据Casa Del Sl Resrt(度假胜地)部分中的“This RV destinatin ffers shwers，laundry facilities，restrms and free Wi-Fi at the RV sites(这个野营车目的地提供淋浴、洗衣设施、卫生间和免费无线网络。).”可知，无线网络在太阳之家度假胜地是免费的。故选B项。
2．C 细节理解题。根据Glden Village Palms RV Resrt部分中的“This RV park ffers a big pl，utdr barbecues，a lending library and even free cffee! ”可知，金村棕榈野营车度假村提供免费咖啡。故选C项。
3．C 细节理解题。根据Frge Adirndack部分中的“It ffers snwmbiling which is ppular with mst turists，a snwshe track，bat rentals and even hrseback riding(它提供受大多数游客欢迎的雪地摩托、雪靴跑道、船只租赁，甚至骑马！)！”可知，Frge Adirndack的雪地摩托车吸引了最多的游客。故选C项。
B
If yu have ever been disappinted because yu dn’t have a gd gardener，the clever rbt may ne day becme the helper f yur indr plants.
The Hexa Plant is a six-legged rbt that has been specially made t care fr the ptted plant that it carries n tp f its head.Using light and heat sensrs，the rbt has the ability t carry its plant in and ut f the daylight.If the huseplant needs mre sun，the Hexa will walk int the sunlight；and if the huseplant is getting t ht，the Hexa will g back int the area that blcks direct light.The Hexa Plant will even d a little dance when it senses that the plant needs t be watered t warn its wner.
The rbt was develped by Vincrss engineer and funder Sun Tianqi after he saw a dead sunflwer sitting in the darkness in a rm back in 2014．“Plants nly receive an actin withut respnding，” Sun Tianqi wrte in a blg pst.“Whether they are being cut，bitten，burned r pulled frm the earth，r when they haven’t received enugh sunshine，water，r are t ht r cld，they will hld still and take whatever is happening t them.”
Accrding t Sun Tianqi，fr billins f years，plants have never experienced mvement f any kind，nt even the simplest mvement.In their whle lives，they stick t where they were brn.Sun Tianqi cntinued，“D they want t break their wn settings r have a tendency twards this？I d nt knw the answer，but I wuld lve t try t share sme f this human tendency and technlgy with plants.With the help f the rbt，plants can experience the mve.”
The Hexa Plant mdel rbts are nt fr sale，thugh Vincrss des sell a Hexa rbt mdel.It is said that in the near future the rbts can pen up a new market t watch ver ur husehld plants.
( )4．What can we learn abut the Hexa Plant?
A．It helps indr plants get prper sunlight.
B．It waters the plants thrugh dancing.
C．It helps peple d sme gardening.
D．It carries the ptted plant with its hands.
( )5．What des the underlined wrd “blcks” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Hides.B．Cllects.
C．Prevents.D．Receives.
( )6．What des the authr try t shw thrugh Paragraph 3?
A．The way plants spend their whle lives.
B．The cmmn way peple deal with plants.
C．The difference between plants and humans.
D．The cause f making the indr plants’ helper.
( )7．What des Sun Tianqi try t d using this technlgy?
A．T develp gardening skills.
B．T draw peple’s attentin t plants.
C．T make plants experience mve.
D．T study the living cnditins f plants.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Vincrss的工程师和创始人孙天奇研发的一款可以照顾室内植物的机器人Hexa Plant。
4．A 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Using light and heat sensrs，the rbt has the ability t carry its plant in and ut f the daylight.If the huseplant needs mre sun，the Hexa will walk int the sunlight(使用光和热传感器，机器人有能力携带它的植物进入和离开日光。如果室内植物需要更多的阳光，Hexa Plant就会走到阳光下)...”可知，Hexa Plant能帮助室内植物获得适当的阳光。故选A项。
5．C 词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Using light and heat sensrs，the rbt has the ability t carry its plant in and ut f the daylight.If the huseplant needs mre sun，the Hexa will walk int the sunlight；and if the huseplant is getting t ht(利用光和热传感器，该机器人有能力在日光下或日光下携带植物。如果室内植物需要更多的阳光，Hexa会走向阳光；如果室内植物太热了)...”可知，Hexa Plant能帮助室内植物获得适当的阳光。由此可知，如果室内植物需要更多的阳光，Hexa会走向阳光，那么如果室内植物太热了，Hexa也会把植物带到能够阻挡阳光直射的地方。由此推知，画线词blcks与prevents(阻碍、阻止)意思相近。故选C项。
6．D 推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“The rbt was develped by Vincrss engineer and funder Sun Tianqi after he saw a dead sunflwer sitting in the darkness in a rm back in 2014(该机器人是由Vincrss工程师和创始人孙天奇在2014年看到一朵向日葵死在黑暗的房间里后开发的。).”可知，本段主要介绍机器人开发的原因。故选D项。
7．C 细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“I d nt knw the answer，but I wuld lve t try t share sme f this human tendency and technlgy with plants. With the help f the rbt，plants can experience the mve(我不知道答案，但我想尝试与植物分享一些人类的倾向和技术。在机器人的帮助下，植物可以体验到这种移动。).”可知，孙天奇想要用这项技术让植物体验移动。故选C项。
C
Replacing the meat and dairy prducts that make up a typical Eurpean diet with labratry-grwn prduce culd cut fd-related greenhuse gases，as well as water and land use，by ver 80 percent，a new study suggests.Fd prductin has huge envirnmental impacts，creating mre than a third f all greenhuse gas emissins(排放).
T assess ways t reduce this impact，Rachel Mazac at the University f Helsinkiin Finland and her clleagues have studied the ptential effects f switching t “nvel and future fds”．“What we are lking at are fds that are nvel in their prductin technlgy，like cultured meat r cultured milk，” says Mazac.Her team used the analyses t calculate the ptential benefits f switching t these fds assuming peple are willing t d s，cmpared with fds that are typically cnsumed in Eurpe.
The results suggest that an “ptimised diet” f nvel fds culd cut greenhuse emissins by 83 percent，water use by 84 percent and land use by 87 percent.“We are seeing sme pretty significant reductins in impacts，” says Mazac.The team als fund that switching t a vegan (素食的) diet had the similar effect.But switching t lab-grwn meat，rather than a vegan diet，culd allw many peple t eat fds that are mre like their current diet.“It wuld be a way fr smene t cnsume their fast-fd burger，but save n land use and water use and glbal warming ptential，” says Mazac.
Speaking f the results，Tim Lang at City University f Lndn，says: “It’s almst t gd t be true.” If the findings are crrect，the research has imprtant plicy implicatins(启示)，he says.But Lang thinks the envirnmental benefits wn’t cme abut thrugh cnsumers making vluntary changes t their diet.They will nly play ut if gvernments and cmpanies essentially frce these fds n peple，he says.
( )8．Hw des the authr intrduce the tpic in Paragraph 1?
A．By cmparing facts.B．By vicing pinins.
C．By releasing figures.D．By reprting findings.
( )9．What can be inferred frm the research led by Mazac?
A．Peple tend t welcme nvel fds enthusiastically.
B．A new way is used t assess the benefits f nvel fds.
C．Nvel fds are nt likely t affect peple’s eating habits.
D．Water and land use is n the rise in nvel fd prductin.
( )10．What is Lang’s attitude twards the future f nvel fds?
A．Dubtful.B．Critical.
C．Optimistic.D．Respnsible.
( )11．What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A．Less Meat，Fewer PrblemsB．Nvel Fds，Greener Planet
C．Lab-grwn Meat: Best Chice FdD．Future Fds: Healthy Diet
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明，用实验室培育的农产品取代构成典型欧洲饮食的肉类和奶制品，可以减少80%以上与食物相关的温室气体，以及水和土地的使用。
8．D 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Replacing the meat and dairy prducts that make up a typical Eurpean diet with labratry-grwn prduce culd cut fd-related greenhuse gases，as well as water and land use，by ver 80 percent，a new study suggests.”可知，作者是通过报道研究发现来介绍第一段的主题的。故选D项。
9．C 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“But switching t lab-grwn meat，rather than a vegan diet，culd allw many peple t eat fds that are mre like their current diet.”可知，从马扎克领导的研究中可以推断出，新型食品不大可能影响人们的饮食习惯。故选C项。
10．A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“But Lang thinks the envirnmental benefits wn’t cme abut thrugh cnsumers making vluntary changes t their diet.They will nly play ut if gvernments and cmpanies essentially frce these fds n peple，he says.”可知，对于未来的新型食品，朗的态度是怀疑的。故选A项。
11．B 标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中的“Replacing the meat and dairy prducts that make up a typical Eurpean diet with labratry-grwn prduce culd cut fd-related greenhuse gases，as well as water and land use，by ver 80 percent，a new study suggests.”可知，本文主要讲的是用实验室培育的农产品取代构成典型欧洲饮食的肉类和奶制品，可以减少80%以上与食物相关的温室气体，以及水和土地的使用，也就是可以更环保。因此，最好的标题是B项“Nvel Fds，Greener Planet(新型食品，绿色地球)”。故选B项。
D
(2023年新课标全国Ⅰ卷)When Jhn Tdd was a child，he lved t explre the wds arund his huse，bserving hw nature slved prblems.A dirty stream，fr example，ften became clear after flwing thrugh plants and alng rcks where tiny creatures lived.When he gt lder，Jhn started t wnder if this prcess culd be used t clean up the messes peple were making.
After studying agriculture，medicine，and fisheries in cllege，Jhn went back t bserving nature and asking questins.Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria(细菌)？Which kinds f fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals？With the right cmbinatin f animals and plants，he figured，maybe he culd clean up waste the way nature did.He decided t build what he wuld later call an ec-machine.
The task Jhn set fr himself was t remve harmful substances frm sme sludge(污泥).First，he cnstructed a series f clear fiberglass tanks cnnected t each ther.Then he went arund t lcal pnds and streams and brught back sme plants and animals.He placed them in the tanks and waited.Little by little，these different kinds f life gt used t ne anther and frmed their wn ecsystem.After a few weeks，Jhn added the sludge.
He was amazed at the results.The plants and animals in the ec-machine tk the sludge as fd and began t eat it! Within weeks，it had all been digested，and all that was left was pure water.
Over the years，Jhn has taken n many big jbs.He develped a greenhuse-like facility that treated sewage(污水) frm 1,600 hmes in Suth Burlingtn.He als designed an ec-machine t clean canal water in Fuzhu，a city in sutheast China.
“Eclgical design” is the name Jhn gives t what he des.“Life n Earth is kind f a bx f spare parts fr the inventr，” he says.“Yu put rganisms in new relatinships and bserve what’s happening.Then yu let these new systems develp their wn ways t self-repair.”
( )12．What can we learn abut Jhn frm the first tw paragraphs?
A．He was fnd f travelling.B．He enjyed being alne.
C．He had an inquiring mind.D．He lnged t be a dctr.
( )13．Why did Jhn put the sludge int the tanks?
A．T feed the animals.B．T build an ecsystem.
C．T prtect the plants.D．T test the ec-machine.
( )14．What is the authr’s purpse in mentining Fuzhu?
A．T review Jhn’s research plans.
B．T shw an applicatin f Jhn’s idea.
C．T cmpare Jhn’s different jbs.
D．T erase dubts abut Jhn’s inventin.
( )15．What is the basis fr Jhn’s wrk?
A．Nature can repair itself.B．Organisms need water t survive.
C．Life n Earth is diverse.D．Mst tiny creatures live in grups.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了约翰·托德从小就很爱思考且好学，他建造了一个生态机器，利用大自然可以自我修复的原理来净化污水。
12．C 细节理解题。根据第一段可知，当约翰·托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索房子周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。例如，一条肮脏的小溪流经植物和微小生物居住的岩石后，往往会变得清澈。长大后，约翰开始思考这个过程是否可以用来清理人们制造的混乱。根据第二段中的“After studying agriculture，medicine，and fisheries in cllege，Jhn went back t bserving nature and asking questins.Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria(细菌)？Which kinds f fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals(在大学学习了农业、医学和渔业之后，约翰又回到了观察自然和提出问题的生活中。为什么某些植物能捕获有害细菌？哪些鱼类会食用致癌化学物质？)？”可知，约翰聪颖好学、好奇心很强。故选C项。
13．D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“After a few weeks，Jhn added the sludge.”以及倒数第三段“He was amazed at the results.The plants and animals in the ec-machine tk the sludge as fd and began t eat it! Within weeks，it had all been digested，and all that was left was pure water(他对结果感到惊讶。生态机器里的动植物把污泥当成了食物，开始吃了起来！几周之内，它就被消化了，只剩下纯净水。).”可知，约翰把污泥放进罐子里是为了测试生态机器。故选D项。
14．B 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Over the years，Jhn has taken n many big jbs.He develped a greenhuse-like facility that treated sewage(污水) frm 1,600 hmes in Suth Burlingtn.He als designed an ec-machine t clean canal water in Fuzhu，a city in sutheast China(这些年来，约翰承担了许多重大工作。他开发了一个类似温室的设施，可以处理来自南伯灵顿1 600户家庭的污水。他还设计了一种生态机器来清洁中国东南部城市福州的运河水。).”可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示约翰想法的应用。故选B项。
15．A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Yu put rganisms in new relatinships and bserve what’s happening.Then yu let these new systems develp their wn ways t self-repair(你把生物体放在新的关系中，观察会发生什么。然后让这些新系统发展自己的自我修复方式。).”可知，约翰工作的基础是大自然可以自我修复。故选A项。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
Fr mre than 60 years，Leg blcks have sparked children’s imaginatin.__16__ They are called Leg Braille Bricks.Leg Braille Bricks are designed t help peple learn Braille.That’s a system f writing in which letters are represented by raised dts.Blind peple use their fingertips t read them.
Accrding t the Wrld Health Organisatin，there are 36 millin blind peple.It is estimated，hwever，that in the US nly 10% f blind children learn Braille.__17__ The small knbs n the bricks are arranged as Braille letters.Blind children can use these knbs t learn Braille.Leg plans t launch the Braille Bricks next year.Fr sme schls，they will be free.Alng with the alphabet，the bricks will feature numbers and math symbls.
The Danish Assciatin f the Blind first came up with the idea f using Leg bricks t teach Braille.In 2011，the grup shared the idea with the Leg Fundatin.Thrkild Olesen，wh is the president f the grup，is blind.He says many teachers dn’t have the tls and skills t teach Braille.__18__
“Like any ther peple，we need t express urselves in writing，” Olesen said.“Audi is great.__19__ Braille is the single mst imprtant tl fr us in rder t learn t spell crrectly，write and gain literacy like sighted peple.” Olesen tld the ty maker that the knbs n Legs are similar Braille letters.
Stine Strm is a prject manager at the Leg Fundatin.She liked the idea f making Legs a learning tl.“It was an bvius match fr us，” she says.The bricks will als have letters printed n them.__20__ “We will have t cmmit t making inclusin a pririty，” Strm says.
A．The skills children learn frm Legs are imprtant and unbelievable.
B．But it can never replace Braille.
C．Nw a new versin f these tys is in the wrks.
D．In this way，sighted and blind kids can play with the Legs tgether.
E．They’re being tested arund the wrld.
F．S they teach with audi tls，such as audi bks.
G．Leg Braille Bricks can help change that.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了乐高积木的一款新产品，这款新产品是针对盲人设计的，可以更好地帮助他们学习盲文。
16．C 根据后文“They are called Leg Braille Bricks.Leg Braille Bricks are designed t help peple learn Braille.That’s a system f writing in which letters are represented by raised dts.Blind peple use their fingertips t read them.”可知，这是在介绍乐高的一款新产品。C项“Nw a new versin f these tys is in the wrks (现在这些玩具的一个新版本正在制作中。).”符合语境。故选C项。
17．G 根据上文“Accrding t the Wrld Health Organisatin，there are 36 millin blind peple.It is estimated，hwever，that in the US nly 10% f blind children learn Braille.”可知，只有极少数的盲童在学习盲文，所以需要改变这一现象。G项“Leg Braille Bricks can help change that(乐高盲文积木可以帮助改变这一点。).”符合语境。故选G项。
18．F 根据上文中的“He says many teachers dn’t have the tls and skills t teach Braille.”可知，教视障儿童的老师没有其他工具来教学生，只能借助一些有声书。F项“S they teach with audi tls，such as audi bks(所以他们用音频工具教学，比如有声书。).”符合语境。故选F项。
19．B 根据上文，盲文老师没有其他工具来教学生，只能借助一些有声书。但是有声书没有办法教学生写作。又根据下文中的“Braille is the single mst imprtant tl fr us in rder t learn t spell crrectly，write and gain literacy like sighted peple.”可知，有声书是没有办法代替盲文的。B项“But it can never replace Braille(但它无法代替盲文。).”符合语境。故选B项。
20．D 根据上文“The bricks will als have letters printed n them.”可知，除了视力正常的孩子能玩之外，盲人孩子也可以通过触摸玩具上的字母来玩耍。D项“In this way，sighted and blind kids can play with the Legs tgether(通过这种方式，视力正常和失明的孩子可以一起玩乐高。).”符合语境。故选D项。
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
We live in a wrld increasingly dminated by science.Since elementary schl，I have always __21__ subjects like science and math.T me，these subjects，full f discveries and __22__，seem t play mre significant rle in human prgress than humanities.And I always __23__ thught f these subjects as mre slid and serius than classes like English.If there was n right __24__ I thught，why bther？But recently，I had an __25__ that taught me my academic interests are mre flexible than I had thught: I tk my first philsphy class.
Befre I entered the classrm，I was __26__．I waited utside with the ther students and wndered what exactly philsphy wuld invlve.I imagined getting int pretty lng and bring cnversatins __27__ intended t reflect n the meaning f life.But what I gt was smething quite __28__．
A yung man in jeans，Mr Jnes — “but yu can call me Rb” — was far frm the white-haired，buttned-up ld man I had __29__．Rather than pulling us int dull arguments abut difficult-t-understand philsphical pints，Rb __30__ us n ur level.T talk free will，we lked at ur wn __31__．T talk mrals，we lked at dilemmas we had faced urselves.By the end f class，I’d discvered that questins with n right answer can turn ut t be the mst __32__ nes.
It __33__ me that if I let g f my __34__，I can actually get a lt ut f the subjects I nce thught little f.The class taught me — in mre ways than ne — t lk at things with a(n) __35__ mind.
( )21．A．chsenB．evaluated
C．favuredD．avided
( )22．A．frmulasB．puzzles
C．challengesD．innvatins
( )23．A．autmaticallyB．cnsciusly
C．accuratelyD．impatiently
( )24．A．reasnB．answer
C．methdD．directin
( )25．A．surpriseB．experience
C．incidentD．adventure
( )26．A．hpefulB．cnfident
C．dubtfulD．nervus
( )27．A．suppsedlyB．mistakenly
C．naturallyD．previusly
( )28．A．uniqueB．cmmn
C．differentD．strange
( )29．A．mentinedB．encuntered
C．expectedD．missed
( )30．A．engagedB．tested
C．persuadedD．invited
( )31．A．chicesB．abilities
C．bstaclesD．dubts
( )32．A．bjectiveB．effective
C．encuragingD．appealing
( )33．A．cnfusedB．struck
C．warnedD．cnvinced
( )34．A．prideB．cncern
C．assessmentD．prejudice
( )35．A．penB．strng
C．sharpD．ready
【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述作者通过自己的亲身经历意识到，科学和数学这样的学科比人文学科更加灵活，并不是固定不变的。
21．C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：从小学以后，我就喜欢像科学和数学这样的学科。chsen选择；evaluated评估；favured喜欢；avided避免。根据下文中的“T me，these subjects，full f discveries and ___22__，seem t play mre significant rle in human prgress than humanities.”可知，作者喜欢像科学和数学这样的学科。故选C项。
22．D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我看来，这些充满了发现和创新的科目似乎比人文学科在人类进步中发挥着更重要的作用。 frmulas公式；puzzles困惑；challenges挑战；innvatins创新。根据上文中的“these subjects，full f discveries”可知，在作者看来，科学和数学这样的学科是充满了发现的，所以是有创新的。故选D项。
23．A 考查副词词义辨析。句意：而且，我总是自然而然地认为这些科目比像英语这样的课程更扎实、更严肃。 autmatically不知不觉地，自然而然地；cnsciusly有意识地，自觉地；accurately准确地；impatiently毫无耐心地。根据上文中的“T me，these subjects，full f discveries and __22__ seem t play mre significant rle in human prgress than humanities.”和下文中的“thught f these subjects as mre slid and serius than classes like English”可知，作者一直认为充满了发现和创新的科目似乎比人文学科在人类进步中发挥着更重要的作用。这是作者的固有印象，所以自然而然他会认为这些科目比像英语这样的课程更扎实、更严肃。故选A项。
24．B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想，如果没有正确答案，为什么还要麻烦去学习呢？根据倒数第二段中的“By the end f class，I’d discvered that questins with n right answer can turn ut t be the mst __32__ nes.”可知，作者本来以为英语学科很多都是没有正确答案的。故选B项。
25．B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是最近，我的一次经历教会我，我的学术兴趣比我想象的更加灵活：我上了我的第一堂哲学课。根据下文中的“Befre I entered the classrm，I was __26__．I waited utside with the ther students and wndered what exactly philsphy wuld invlve.I imagined getting int pretty lng and bring cnversatins __27__ intended t reflect n the meaning f life.But what I gt was smething quite __28__．”可知，接下来要讲述的是作者的经历。故选B项。
26．C 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我进入教室之前，我是存有疑虑的。根据下文中的“I waited utside with the ther students and wndered what exactly philsphy wuld invlve.I imagined getting int pretty lng and bring cnversatins __27__ intended t reflect n the meaning f life.”可知，作者本来以为哲学课是很枯燥的，所以应该是对这门课没有抱有很好的期待，而是充满了疑虑。故选C项。
27．C 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我想象着进行一些冗长而无聊的谈话，自然而然地就以此来反思生命的意义。suppsedly据说；mistakenly错误地；naturally自然而然地；previusly以前地。根据上文中的“But recently，I had an __25__ that taught me my academic interests are mre flexible than I had thught: I tk my first philsphy class.”可知，作者本来以为哲学课是不灵活的，所以讨论的问题自然而然就会有对应的结果。故选C项。
28．C 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是，我得到的东西确实是有些不同的。根据下文可知，在哲学课上，作者体会到的和想象的不一样，作者之前认为哲学很枯燥，但实际上很有趣。故选C项。
29．C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个穿着牛仔裤的年轻人，琼斯先生——“但是你可以叫我罗伯”——与我想象中的那个白头发、系着纽扣的老人大相径庭。根据上文中的“I waited utside with the ther students and wndered what exactly philsphy wuld invlve.I imagined getting int pretty lng and bring cnversatins__27__ intended t reflect n the meaning f life.”和“was far frm the white-haired，buttned-up ld man”可知，作者在上哲学课之前，认为哲学很无聊，认为老师可能是个白头发、系着纽扣的老人，但是当作者见到老师是一个穿着牛仔裤的年轻人时感到很惊讶，这是与作者自己料想的不一样。故选C项。
30．A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：罗伯没有把我们拉进关于难以理解的哲学观点的无聊争论中，而是站在我们的角度上吸引我们的兴趣。根据上文中的“Rather than pulling us int dull arguments abut difficult-t-understand philsphical pints”可知，罗伯没有把作者他们拉进关于难以理解的哲学观点的无聊争论中，而是站在我们的角度上吸引我们的兴趣。故选A项。
31．C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：谈到自由意志，我们看到了我们自己的障碍。chices选择；abilities能力；bstacles障碍，阻碍；dubts怀疑。根据下文中的“T talk mrals，we lked at dilemmas we had faced urselves.”可知，通过那些谈话，作者他们意识到了自己的意志并不是无限自由的，而是有一些阻碍。故选C项。
32．D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：到课程结束时，我发现没有正确答案的问题可能是最吸引人的。bjective客观的；effective有效的；encuraging令人鼓舞的；appealing吸引人的。根据上文第一段中的“If there was n right __24__，I thught，why bther？”和第二段中的“I imagined getting int pretty lng and bring cnversatins”可知，作者以前认为，没有答案的是没有意义的，是枯燥无味的；而现在却发现，没有正确答案的问题才可能是最吸引人的。故选D项。
33．B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我突然意识到，如果我放弃我的偏见，我实际上可以从曾经不在意的科目中得到很多。cnfused使困惑；struck突然想到；warned警告；cnvinced使相信。根据下文中的“that if I let g f my __34__，I can actually get a lt ut f the subjects I nce thught little f.”可知，这是作者上课之后意识到的内容。故选B项。
34．D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上题。pride骄傲；cncern担心；assessment评估；prejudice偏见。根据第一段中的“Since elementary schl，I have always __21__ subjects like science and math.T me，these subjects，full f discveries and __22__，seem t play mre significant rle in human prgress than humanities.And I always __23__ thught f these subjects as mre slid and serius than classes like English.If there was n right __24__ I thught，why bther？”可知，作者以前对这些学科是有偏见的。故选D项。
35．A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这节课教会了我——用不止一种方法——用开放的心态去看待事物。根据上文中的“It __33__ me that if I let g f my __34__，I can actually get a lt ut f the subjects I nce thught little f.”可知，作者意识到，对那些人文学科不能带有偏见，要思想开放。故选A项。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
One f the effective ways t make freign language classes interesting is using educatinal games，36．________ usually prvide fun and increase mtivatin.
That games are fun seems t be 37．________(universal) accepted.Smetimes games are 38．________ welcme break frm the usual rutine f the language class.Therefre，sme teachers are enthusiastic abut games 39．________ a teaching tl and ften turn t games.T these teachers，playing games is a very gd frm t help achieve an active atmsphere where students can acquire knwledge as well as have fun.
Games increase mtivatin(动机) as well.As 40．________(knw)，learning mtivatin prmtes students 41．________(wrk) fr the purpse f achieving sme gals.The 42．______(strng) mtivatin a learner has，the mre time he r she will spend 43．________(learn) a secnd language.Games are mtivating because they are amusing and at the same time challenging.In playing games，in rder t win，t scre pints r t beat their cmpetitrs，students get highly mtivated and 44．________(absrb).They use the target language uncnsciusly in the prcess f playing games.Learning is hard wrk，45．________ games help students a great deal in keeping the effrt f learning.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了教学游戏在外语课中的重要作用。
36．which 考查定语从句。句意：让外语课变得有趣的有效方法之一是使用教育游戏，它通常提供乐趣并增加动机。分析句子结构可知，“36．________usually prvide fun and increase mtivatin”为非限制性定语从句，先行词是“educatinal games”，指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
37．universally 考查副词。句意：游戏的乐趣似乎已被普遍接受。分析句子可知，空格处应用副词修饰动词accepted，作状语，universal意为“普遍的”，其对应的副词为universally，意为“普遍地”。故填universally。
38．a 考查冠词。句意：有时，游戏是语言课常规的一个受欢迎的休息活动。分析句子可知，句中泛指一个受欢迎的休息活动，故应用不定冠词。welcme以辅音音素开头，故应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
39．as 考查介词。句意：因此，一些教师热衷于将游戏作为教学工具，并经常求助于游戏。根据句意可知，句中指将游戏“作为”教学工具，故空格处应填介词as。故填as。
40．is knwn 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：众所周知，学习动机促进学生为实现某些目标而工作。分析句子可知，句子为As引导的非限制性定语从句，从句陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时。As代指“学习动机促进学生为实现某些目标而工作”这件事，在从句中作主语，与knw之间为被动关系，故从句应用一般现在时的被动语态。as is knwn意为“众所周知”。故填is knwn。
41．t wrk 考查动词不定式。句意：众所周知，学习动机促进学生为实现某些目标而工作。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语prmte sb t d sth，意为“促使某人做某事”，wrk作动词意为“工作”，故空格处应填t wrk。故填t wrk。
42．strnger 考查形容词比较级。句意：学习者的动机越强，他或她花在学习第二语言上的时间越多。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定句型“the＋形容词比较级，the＋形容词比较级”，意为“越……，越……”，空格处应用形容词，作定语修饰名词mtivatin。strng意为“强烈的”，其比较级为strnger。故填strnger。
43．learning 考查动词的-ing形式。句意：同上题。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定句型“sb spend sme time (in) ding sth”，意为“某人花费时间做某事”。故空处应填learning。故填learning。
44．absrbed 考查形容词。句意：在玩游戏时，为了获胜、得分或击败竞争对手，学生们会变得高度积极和专注。分析句子可知，get为系动词，意为“变得”，后接形容词作表语，absrb的形容词为absrbed意为“专注的，全神贯注的”。故填absrbed。
45．but 考查连词。句意：学习是一项艰苦的工作，但游戏在很大程度上帮助学生保持学习的努力。分析句子可知，句中“学习是一项艰苦的工作”和“游戏在很大程度上帮助学生保持学习的努力”之间为转折关系，应用连词but。故填but。
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
随着网络的流行，青少年上网遇到了很多网络安全问题。假定你是李华，你的好友Jack来信向你寻求建议，请你就“安全网络聊天”为话题，给他回一封电子邮件。
内容包括：
1．保护个人隐私；
2．不要点击陌生链接；
3．不要单独与网友见面。
注意：
1．词数80左右；邮件的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jack，
________________________________________________________________________
Yurs，
Li Hua
One pssible versin：
Dear Jack，
Learning that yu want t knw hw t chat safely nline，I’m writing t ffer yu sme advice.
First f all，it’s best t prtect yur privacy and prevent identity theft，which means yu shuldn’t give ut yur address and phne number.Additinally，dn’t click n unfamiliar links t keep yurself away frm ptential dangers.What’s mre，never meet nline friends alne.If yu have t meet him r her，g with yur parents r classmates.
I d hpe my advice will be f help t yu.
Yurs，
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
Last weekend，I went t Mark’s new huse near a frest fr a little get-tgether.After lunch when I was chatting with him and his wife Cdy，he asked me，“Hey，Thra，have yu ever been t a secret spt？” Befre I culd even finish saying n，Cdy and Mark were already at the dr with their jackets n.And the next mment we were heading ut int the frest with a camera，a fishing net and a plastic bucket(桶).
We walked thrugh the frest alng a path by a small river.Breathing the fresh air，we three talked and laughed all the way.
“Hey！What are yu guys ding？” smene suddenly shuted frm behind.Mark and Cdy’s eyes immediately widened，and withut a wrd they started running.I had n chice but t fllw them，getting my shes wet and dirty with mud.We prbably ran fr abut 10 minutes befre Mark and Cdy slwed dwn.I stpped t catch my breath and asked，“Wh was that？”
Mark replied，“The mst annying neighbur ever.There’s n telling what culd happen if he caught up with us.He is always making fun f us.I dislike him.” We kept walking n fr a few mre minutes.Then a beautiful lake appeared befre ur eyes.“Ww！Amazing！” I shuted and culd hardly hld back my excitement.The lake was large and the water was deep and blue，lking s peaceful with tall trees arund it.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应的位置作答。
Lking arund，we saw a bat flating by the shre._________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________
One pssible versin：
Lking arund，we saw a bat flating by the shre.“Hw abut ging bating？”Mark asked.“Gd idea，”I agreed.I was excited t find s many fishes in the lake.Befre I culd say a wrd，Mark had cast the fishing net int the water.“Lk this way.Let me take a pht f yu tw，” Cdy said，taking ut the camera.Hearing that，I quickly apprached Mark.But all f a sudden I lst my balance and fell int the water.
“Help！Help！Help！” I was s frightened and cried fr help.__________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________
One pssible versin：
“Help！Help！Help！” I was s frightened and cried fr help.Hwever，nne f us culd swim.Mark and Cdy tried t pull me up frm the water but failed.Struggling in the water, I was almst exhausted.Suddenly，I felt myself lifted by smene.It was Mark’s neighbur，wh fllwed us there.Withut hesitatin，he jumped int the water and saved me.
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
A
Here we will shw yu sme f the best winter RV(野营车) destinatins in the US.
Casa Del Sl Resrt(度假胜地)
At the Casa Del Sl，yu are sure t feel right at hme.This RV destinatin ffers shwers，laundry facilities，restrms and free Wi-Fi at the RV sites.They dn’t stp there thugh，this awesme RV park ffers an Olympic-sized heated pl，craft rms as well as planned year-rund activities t keep yu busy and active.
Glden Village Palms RV Resrt
This RV resrt in sunny suthern Califrnia is a great chice t spend yur winter mnths! This RV park ffers a big pl，utdr barbecues，a lending library and even free cffee! On the RV hk-up sites they feature cheap Wi-Fi and landscaping services t keep the park neat and clean! A great place t park yur RV fr the winter!
Riverbend Resrt Cabins & RV Park
Riverbend Resrt Cabins and RV Park is the perfect place fr yur RV when yu want a warm place t return t after a lng day f hiking，biking r fishing in the cld! It ffers water，sewer and electrical hk-ups，as well as cheap Wi-Fi.It als ffers utdr grills and picnic tables.There is easy access t hiking and biking trails frm the campsite.
Frge Adirndack
Frge Adirndack resrt ffers many activities t attract yu t their campgrunds fr winter recreatin! It ffers snwmbiling which is ppular with mst turists，a snwshe track，bat rentals and even hrseback riding! It has 8 different sites fr heated restrms and shwers，and each site cmes cmplete with picnic tables.
( )1．Which f the fllwing is free f charge at the Casa Del Sl Resrt?
A．Restrms.B．Wi-Fi.
C．Laundry facilities.D．Shwers.
( )2．Which destinatin ffers free cffee?
A．Casa Del Sl Resrt.
B．Riverbend Resrt Cabins & RV Park.
C．Glden Village Palms RV Resrt.
D．Frge Adirndack.
( )3．Which attracts mst turists at Frge Adirndack?
A．A snwshe track.B．Swimming.
C．Snwmbiling.D．Hrseback riding.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，展示了四个美国最好的冬季野营车目的地。
1．B 细节理解题。根据Casa Del Sl Resrt(度假胜地)部分中的“This RV destinatin ffers shwers，laundry facilities，restrms and free Wi-Fi at the RV sites(这个野营车目的地提供淋浴、洗衣设施、卫生间和免费无线网络。).”可知，无线网络在太阳之家度假胜地是免费的。故选B项。
2．C 细节理解题。根据Glden Village Palms RV Resrt部分中的“This RV park ffers a big pl，utdr barbecues，a lending library and even free cffee! ”可知，金村棕榈野营车度假村提供免费咖啡。故选C项。
3．C 细节理解题。根据Frge Adirndack部分中的“It ffers snwmbiling which is ppular with mst turists，a snwshe track，bat rentals and even hrseback riding(它提供受大多数游客欢迎的雪地摩托、雪靴跑道、船只租赁，甚至骑马！)！”可知，Frge Adirndack的雪地摩托车吸引了最多的游客。故选C项。
B
If yu have ever been disappinted because yu dn’t have a gd gardener，the clever rbt may ne day becme the helper f yur indr plants.
The Hexa Plant is a six-legged rbt that has been specially made t care fr the ptted plant that it carries n tp f its head.Using light and heat sensrs，the rbt has the ability t carry its plant in and ut f the daylight.If the huseplant needs mre sun，the Hexa will walk int the sunlight；and if the huseplant is getting t ht，the Hexa will g back int the area that blcks direct light.The Hexa Plant will even d a little dance when it senses that the plant needs t be watered t warn its wner.
The rbt was develped by Vincrss engineer and funder Sun Tianqi after he saw a dead sunflwer sitting in the darkness in a rm back in 2014．“Plants nly receive an actin withut respnding，” Sun Tianqi wrte in a blg pst.“Whether they are being cut，bitten，burned r pulled frm the earth，r when they haven’t received enugh sunshine，water，r are t ht r cld，they will hld still and take whatever is happening t them.”
Accrding t Sun Tianqi，fr billins f years，plants have never experienced mvement f any kind，nt even the simplest mvement.In their whle lives，they stick t where they were brn.Sun Tianqi cntinued，“D they want t break their wn settings r have a tendency twards this？I d nt knw the answer，but I wuld lve t try t share sme f this human tendency and technlgy with plants.With the help f the rbt，plants can experience the mve.”
The Hexa Plant mdel rbts are nt fr sale，thugh Vincrss des sell a Hexa rbt mdel.It is said that in the near future the rbts can pen up a new market t watch ver ur husehld plants.
( )4．What can we learn abut the Hexa Plant?
A．It helps indr plants get prper sunlight.
B．It waters the plants thrugh dancing.
C．It helps peple d sme gardening.
D．It carries the ptted plant with its hands.
( )5．What des the underlined wrd “blcks” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Hides.B．Cllects.
C．Prevents.D．Receives.
( )6．What des the authr try t shw thrugh Paragraph 3?
A．The way plants spend their whle lives.
B．The cmmn way peple deal with plants.
C．The difference between plants and humans.
D．The cause f making the indr plants’ helper.
( )7．What des Sun Tianqi try t d using this technlgy?
A．T develp gardening skills.
B．T draw peple’s attentin t plants.
C．T make plants experience mve.
D．T study the living cnditins f plants.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Vincrss的工程师和创始人孙天奇研发的一款可以照顾室内植物的机器人Hexa Plant。
4．A 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Using light and heat sensrs，the rbt has the ability t carry its plant in and ut f the daylight.If the huseplant needs mre sun，the Hexa will walk int the sunlight(使用光和热传感器，机器人有能力携带它的植物进入和离开日光。如果室内植物需要更多的阳光，Hexa Plant就会走到阳光下)...”可知，Hexa Plant能帮助室内植物获得适当的阳光。故选A项。
5．C 词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Using light and heat sensrs，the rbt has the ability t carry its plant in and ut f the daylight.If the huseplant needs mre sun，the Hexa will walk int the sunlight；and if the huseplant is getting t ht(利用光和热传感器，该机器人有能力在日光下或日光下携带植物。如果室内植物需要更多的阳光，Hexa会走向阳光；如果室内植物太热了)...”可知，Hexa Plant能帮助室内植物获得适当的阳光。由此可知，如果室内植物需要更多的阳光，Hexa会走向阳光，那么如果室内植物太热了，Hexa也会把植物带到能够阻挡阳光直射的地方。由此推知，画线词blcks与prevents(阻碍、阻止)意思相近。故选C项。
6．D 推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“The rbt was develped by Vincrss engineer and funder Sun Tianqi after he saw a dead sunflwer sitting in the darkness in a rm back in 2014(该机器人是由Vincrss工程师和创始人孙天奇在2014年看到一朵向日葵死在黑暗的房间里后开发的。).”可知，本段主要介绍机器人开发的原因。故选D项。
7．C 细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“I d nt knw the answer，but I wuld lve t try t share sme f this human tendency and technlgy with plants. With the help f the rbt，plants can experience the mve(我不知道答案，但我想尝试与植物分享一些人类的倾向和技术。在机器人的帮助下，植物可以体验到这种移动。).”可知，孙天奇想要用这项技术让植物体验移动。故选C项。
C
Replacing the meat and dairy prducts that make up a typical Eurpean diet with labratry-grwn prduce culd cut fd-related greenhuse gases，as well as water and land use，by ver 80 percent，a new study suggests.Fd prductin has huge envirnmental impacts，creating mre than a third f all greenhuse gas emissins(排放).
T assess ways t reduce this impact，Rachel Mazac at the University f Helsinkiin Finland and her clleagues have studied the ptential effects f switching t “nvel and future fds”．“What we are lking at are fds that are nvel in their prductin technlgy，like cultured meat r cultured milk，” says Mazac.Her team used the analyses t calculate the ptential benefits f switching t these fds assuming peple are willing t d s，cmpared with fds that are typically cnsumed in Eurpe.
The results suggest that an “ptimised diet” f nvel fds culd cut greenhuse emissins by 83 percent，water use by 84 percent and land use by 87 percent.“We are seeing sme pretty significant reductins in impacts，” says Mazac.The team als fund that switching t a vegan (素食的) diet had the similar effect.But switching t lab-grwn meat，rather than a vegan diet，culd allw many peple t eat fds that are mre like their current diet.“It wuld be a way fr smene t cnsume their fast-fd burger，but save n land use and water use and glbal warming ptential，” says Mazac.
Speaking f the results，Tim Lang at City University f Lndn，says: “It’s almst t gd t be true.” If the findings are crrect，the research has imprtant plicy implicatins(启示)，he says.But Lang thinks the envirnmental benefits wn’t cme abut thrugh cnsumers making vluntary changes t their diet.They will nly play ut if gvernments and cmpanies essentially frce these fds n peple，he says.
( )8．Hw des the authr intrduce the tpic in Paragraph 1?
A．By cmparing facts.B．By vicing pinins.
C．By releasing figures.D．By reprting findings.
( )9．What can be inferred frm the research led by Mazac?
A．Peple tend t welcme nvel fds enthusiastically.
B．A new way is used t assess the benefits f nvel fds.
C．Nvel fds are nt likely t affect peple’s eating habits.
D．Water and land use is n the rise in nvel fd prductin.
( )10．What is Lang’s attitude twards the future f nvel fds?
A．Dubtful.B．Critical.
C．Optimistic.D．Respnsible.
( )11．What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A．Less Meat，Fewer PrblemsB．Nvel Fds，Greener Planet
C．Lab-grwn Meat: Best Chice FdD．Future Fds: Healthy Diet
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明，用实验室培育的农产品取代构成典型欧洲饮食的肉类和奶制品，可以减少80%以上与食物相关的温室气体，以及水和土地的使用。
8．D 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Replacing the meat and dairy prducts that make up a typical Eurpean diet with labratry-grwn prduce culd cut fd-related greenhuse gases，as well as water and land use，by ver 80 percent，a new study suggests.”可知，作者是通过报道研究发现来介绍第一段的主题的。故选D项。
9．C 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“But switching t lab-grwn meat，rather than a vegan diet，culd allw many peple t eat fds that are mre like their current diet.”可知，从马扎克领导的研究中可以推断出，新型食品不大可能影响人们的饮食习惯。故选C项。
10．A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“But Lang thinks the envirnmental benefits wn’t cme abut thrugh cnsumers making vluntary changes t their diet.They will nly play ut if gvernments and cmpanies essentially frce these fds n peple，he says.”可知，对于未来的新型食品，朗的态度是怀疑的。故选A项。
11．B 标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中的“Replacing the meat and dairy prducts that make up a typical Eurpean diet with labratry-grwn prduce culd cut fd-related greenhuse gases，as well as water and land use，by ver 80 percent，a new study suggests.”可知，本文主要讲的是用实验室培育的农产品取代构成典型欧洲饮食的肉类和奶制品，可以减少80%以上与食物相关的温室气体，以及水和土地的使用，也就是可以更环保。因此，最好的标题是B项“Nvel Fds，Greener Planet(新型食品，绿色地球)”。故选B项。
D
(2023年新课标全国Ⅰ卷)When Jhn Tdd was a child，he lved t explre the wds arund his huse，bserving hw nature slved prblems.A dirty stream，fr example，ften became clear after flwing thrugh plants and alng rcks where tiny creatures lived.When he gt lder，Jhn started t wnder if this prcess culd be used t clean up the messes peple were making.
After studying agriculture，medicine，and fisheries in cllege，Jhn went back t bserving nature and asking questins.Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria(细菌)？Which kinds f fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals？With the right cmbinatin f animals and plants，he figured，maybe he culd clean up waste the way nature did.He decided t build what he wuld later call an ec-machine.
The task Jhn set fr himself was t remve harmful substances frm sme sludge(污泥).First，he cnstructed a series f clear fiberglass tanks cnnected t each ther.Then he went arund t lcal pnds and streams and brught back sme plants and animals.He placed them in the tanks and waited.Little by little，these different kinds f life gt used t ne anther and frmed their wn ecsystem.After a few weeks，Jhn added the sludge.
He was amazed at the results.The plants and animals in the ec-machine tk the sludge as fd and began t eat it! Within weeks，it had all been digested，and all that was left was pure water.
Over the years，Jhn has taken n many big jbs.He develped a greenhuse-like facility that treated sewage(污水) frm 1,600 hmes in Suth Burlingtn.He als designed an ec-machine t clean canal water in Fuzhu，a city in sutheast China.
“Eclgical design” is the name Jhn gives t what he des.“Life n Earth is kind f a bx f spare parts fr the inventr，” he says.“Yu put rganisms in new relatinships and bserve what’s happening.Then yu let these new systems develp their wn ways t self-repair.”
( )12．What can we learn abut Jhn frm the first tw paragraphs?
A．He was fnd f travelling.B．He enjyed being alne.
C．He had an inquiring mind.D．He lnged t be a dctr.
( )13．Why did Jhn put the sludge int the tanks?
A．T feed the animals.B．T build an ecsystem.
C．T prtect the plants.D．T test the ec-machine.
( )14．What is the authr’s purpse in mentining Fuzhu?
A．T review Jhn’s research plans.
B．T shw an applicatin f Jhn’s idea.
C．T cmpare Jhn’s different jbs.
D．T erase dubts abut Jhn’s inventin.
( )15．What is the basis fr Jhn’s wrk?
A．Nature can repair itself.B．Organisms need water t survive.
C．Life n Earth is diverse.D．Mst tiny creatures live in grups.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了约翰·托德从小就很爱思考且好学，他建造了一个生态机器，利用大自然可以自我修复的原理来净化污水。
12．C 细节理解题。根据第一段可知，当约翰·托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索房子周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。例如，一条肮脏的小溪流经植物和微小生物居住的岩石后，往往会变得清澈。长大后，约翰开始思考这个过程是否可以用来清理人们制造的混乱。根据第二段中的“After studying agriculture，medicine，and fisheries in cllege，Jhn went back t bserving nature and asking questins.Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria(细菌)？Which kinds f fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals(在大学学习了农业、医学和渔业之后，约翰又回到了观察自然和提出问题的生活中。为什么某些植物能捕获有害细菌？哪些鱼类会食用致癌化学物质？)？”可知，约翰聪颖好学、好奇心很强。故选C项。
13．D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“After a few weeks，Jhn added the sludge.”以及倒数第三段“He was amazed at the results.The plants and animals in the ec-machine tk the sludge as fd and began t eat it! Within weeks，it had all been digested，and all that was left was pure water(他对结果感到惊讶。生态机器里的动植物把污泥当成了食物，开始吃了起来！几周之内，它就被消化了，只剩下纯净水。).”可知，约翰把污泥放进罐子里是为了测试生态机器。故选D项。
14．B 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Over the years，Jhn has taken n many big jbs.He develped a greenhuse-like facility that treated sewage(污水) frm 1,600 hmes in Suth Burlingtn.He als designed an ec-machine t clean canal water in Fuzhu，a city in sutheast China(这些年来，约翰承担了许多重大工作。他开发了一个类似温室的设施，可以处理来自南伯灵顿1 600户家庭的污水。他还设计了一种生态机器来清洁中国东南部城市福州的运河水。).”可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示约翰想法的应用。故选B项。
15．A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Yu put rganisms in new relatinships and bserve what’s happening.Then yu let these new systems develp their wn ways t self-repair(你把生物体放在新的关系中，观察会发生什么。然后让这些新系统发展自己的自我修复方式。).”可知，约翰工作的基础是大自然可以自我修复。故选A项。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
Fr mre than 60 years，Leg blcks have sparked children’s imaginatin.__16__ They are called Leg Braille Bricks.Leg Braille Bricks are designed t help peple learn Braille.That’s a system f writing in which letters are represented by raised dts.Blind peple use their fingertips t read them.
Accrding t the Wrld Health Organisatin，there are 36 millin blind peple.It is estimated，hwever，that in the US nly 10% f blind children learn Braille.__17__ The small knbs n the bricks are arranged as Braille letters.Blind children can use these knbs t learn Braille.Leg plans t launch the Braille Bricks next year.Fr sme schls，they will be free.Alng with the alphabet，the bricks will feature numbers and math symbls.
The Danish Assciatin f the Blind first came up with the idea f using Leg bricks t teach Braille.In 2011，the grup shared the idea with the Leg Fundatin.Thrkild Olesen，wh is the president f the grup，is blind.He says many teachers dn’t have the tls and skills t teach Braille.__18__
“Like any ther peple，we need t express urselves in writing，” Olesen said.“Audi is great.__19__ Braille is the single mst imprtant tl fr us in rder t learn t spell crrectly，write and gain literacy like sighted peple.” Olesen tld the ty maker that the knbs n Legs are similar Braille letters.
Stine Strm is a prject manager at the Leg Fundatin.She liked the idea f making Legs a learning tl.“It was an bvius match fr us，” she says.The bricks will als have letters printed n them.__20__ “We will have t cmmit t making inclusin a pririty，” Strm says.
A．The skills children learn frm Legs are imprtant and unbelievable.
B．But it can never replace Braille.
C．Nw a new versin f these tys is in the wrks.
D．In this way，sighted and blind kids can play with the Legs tgether.
E．They’re being tested arund the wrld.
F．S they teach with audi tls，such as audi bks.
G．Leg Braille Bricks can help change that.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了乐高积木的一款新产品，这款新产品是针对盲人设计的，可以更好地帮助他们学习盲文。
16．C 根据后文“They are called Leg Braille Bricks.Leg Braille Bricks are designed t help peple learn Braille.That’s a system f writing in which letters are represented by raised dts.Blind peple use their fingertips t read them.”可知，这是在介绍乐高的一款新产品。C项“Nw a new versin f these tys is in the wrks (现在这些玩具的一个新版本正在制作中。).”符合语境。故选C项。
17．G 根据上文“Accrding t the Wrld Health Organisatin，there are 36 millin blind peple.It is estimated，hwever，that in the US nly 10% f blind children learn Braille.”可知，只有极少数的盲童在学习盲文，所以需要改变这一现象。G项“Leg Braille Bricks can help change that(乐高盲文积木可以帮助改变这一点。).”符合语境。故选G项。
18．F 根据上文中的“He says many teachers dn’t have the tls and skills t teach Braille.”可知，教视障儿童的老师没有其他工具来教学生，只能借助一些有声书。F项“S they teach with audi tls，such as audi bks(所以他们用音频工具教学，比如有声书。).”符合语境。故选F项。
19．B 根据上文，盲文老师没有其他工具来教学生，只能借助一些有声书。但是有声书没有办法教学生写作。又根据下文中的“Braille is the single mst imprtant tl fr us in rder t learn t spell crrectly，write and gain literacy like sighted peple.”可知，有声书是没有办法代替盲文的。B项“But it can never replace Braille(但它无法代替盲文。).”符合语境。故选B项。
20．D 根据上文“The bricks will als have letters printed n them.”可知，除了视力正常的孩子能玩之外，盲人孩子也可以通过触摸玩具上的字母来玩耍。D项“In this way，sighted and blind kids can play with the Legs tgether(通过这种方式，视力正常和失明的孩子可以一起玩乐高。).”符合语境。故选D项。
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
We live in a wrld increasingly dminated by science.Since elementary schl，I have always __21__ subjects like science and math.T me，these subjects，full f discveries and __22__，seem t play mre significant rle in human prgress than humanities.And I always __23__ thught f these subjects as mre slid and serius than classes like English.If there was n right __24__ I thught，why bther？But recently，I had an __25__ that taught me my academic interests are mre flexible than I had thught: I tk my first philsphy class.
Befre I entered the classrm，I was __26__．I waited utside with the ther students and wndered what exactly philsphy wuld invlve.I imagined getting int pretty lng and bring cnversatins __27__ intended t reflect n the meaning f life.But what I gt was smething quite __28__．
A yung man in jeans，Mr Jnes — “but yu can call me Rb” — was far frm the white-haired，buttned-up ld man I had __29__．Rather than pulling us int dull arguments abut difficult-t-understand philsphical pints，Rb __30__ us n ur level.T talk free will，we lked at ur wn __31__．T talk mrals，we lked at dilemmas we had faced urselves.By the end f class，I’d discvered that questins with n right answer can turn ut t be the mst __32__ nes.
It __33__ me that if I let g f my __34__，I can actually get a lt ut f the subjects I nce thught little f.The class taught me — in mre ways than ne — t lk at things with a(n) __35__ mind.
( )21．A．chsenB．evaluated
C．favuredD．avided
( )22．A．frmulasB．puzzles
C．challengesD．innvatins
( )23．A．autmaticallyB．cnsciusly
C．accuratelyD．impatiently
( )24．A．reasnB．answer
C．methdD．directin
( )25．A．surpriseB．experience
C．incidentD．adventure
( )26．A．hpefulB．cnfident
C．dubtfulD．nervus
( )27．A．suppsedlyB．mistakenly
C．naturallyD．previusly
( )28．A．uniqueB．cmmn
C．differentD．strange
( )29．A．mentinedB．encuntered
C．expectedD．missed
( )30．A．engagedB．tested
C．persuadedD．invited
( )31．A．chicesB．abilities
C．bstaclesD．dubts
( )32．A．bjectiveB．effective
C．encuragingD．appealing
( )33．A．cnfusedB．struck
C．warnedD．cnvinced
( )34．A．prideB．cncern
C．assessmentD．prejudice
( )35．A．penB．strng
C．sharpD．ready
【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述作者通过自己的亲身经历意识到，科学和数学这样的学科比人文学科更加灵活，并不是固定不变的。
21．C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：从小学以后，我就喜欢像科学和数学这样的学科。chsen选择；evaluated评估；favured喜欢；avided避免。根据下文中的“T me，these subjects，full f discveries and ___22__，seem t play mre significant rle in human prgress than humanities.”可知，作者喜欢像科学和数学这样的学科。故选C项。
22．D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我看来，这些充满了发现和创新的科目似乎比人文学科在人类进步中发挥着更重要的作用。 frmulas公式；puzzles困惑；challenges挑战；innvatins创新。根据上文中的“these subjects，full f discveries”可知，在作者看来，科学和数学这样的学科是充满了发现的，所以是有创新的。故选D项。
23．A 考查副词词义辨析。句意：而且，我总是自然而然地认为这些科目比像英语这样的课程更扎实、更严肃。 autmatically不知不觉地，自然而然地；cnsciusly有意识地，自觉地；accurately准确地；impatiently毫无耐心地。根据上文中的“T me，these subjects，full f discveries and __22__ seem t play mre significant rle in human prgress than humanities.”和下文中的“thught f these subjects as mre slid and serius than classes like English”可知，作者一直认为充满了发现和创新的科目似乎比人文学科在人类进步中发挥着更重要的作用。这是作者的固有印象，所以自然而然他会认为这些科目比像英语这样的课程更扎实、更严肃。故选A项。
24．B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想，如果没有正确答案，为什么还要麻烦去学习呢？根据倒数第二段中的“By the end f class，I’d discvered that questins with n right answer can turn ut t be the mst __32__ nes.”可知，作者本来以为英语学科很多都是没有正确答案的。故选B项。
25．B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是最近，我的一次经历教会我，我的学术兴趣比我想象的更加灵活：我上了我的第一堂哲学课。根据下文中的“Befre I entered the classrm，I was __26__．I waited utside with the ther students and wndered what exactly philsphy wuld invlve.I imagined getting int pretty lng and bring cnversatins __27__ intended t reflect n the meaning f life.But what I gt was smething quite __28__．”可知，接下来要讲述的是作者的经历。故选B项。
26．C 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我进入教室之前，我是存有疑虑的。根据下文中的“I waited utside with the ther students and wndered what exactly philsphy wuld invlve.I imagined getting int pretty lng and bring cnversatins __27__ intended t reflect n the meaning f life.”可知，作者本来以为哲学课是很枯燥的，所以应该是对这门课没有抱有很好的期待，而是充满了疑虑。故选C项。
27．C 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我想象着进行一些冗长而无聊的谈话，自然而然地就以此来反思生命的意义。suppsedly据说；mistakenly错误地；naturally自然而然地；previusly以前地。根据上文中的“But recently，I had an __25__ that taught me my academic interests are mre flexible than I had thught: I tk my first philsphy class.”可知，作者本来以为哲学课是不灵活的，所以讨论的问题自然而然就会有对应的结果。故选C项。
28．C 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是，我得到的东西确实是有些不同的。根据下文可知，在哲学课上，作者体会到的和想象的不一样，作者之前认为哲学很枯燥，但实际上很有趣。故选C项。
29．C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个穿着牛仔裤的年轻人，琼斯先生——“但是你可以叫我罗伯”——与我想象中的那个白头发、系着纽扣的老人大相径庭。根据上文中的“I waited utside with the ther students and wndered what exactly philsphy wuld invlve.I imagined getting int pretty lng and bring cnversatins__27__ intended t reflect n the meaning f life.”和“was far frm the white-haired，buttned-up ld man”可知，作者在上哲学课之前，认为哲学很无聊，认为老师可能是个白头发、系着纽扣的老人，但是当作者见到老师是一个穿着牛仔裤的年轻人时感到很惊讶，这是与作者自己料想的不一样。故选C项。
30．A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：罗伯没有把我们拉进关于难以理解的哲学观点的无聊争论中，而是站在我们的角度上吸引我们的兴趣。根据上文中的“Rather than pulling us int dull arguments abut difficult-t-understand philsphical pints”可知，罗伯没有把作者他们拉进关于难以理解的哲学观点的无聊争论中，而是站在我们的角度上吸引我们的兴趣。故选A项。
31．C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：谈到自由意志，我们看到了我们自己的障碍。chices选择；abilities能力；bstacles障碍，阻碍；dubts怀疑。根据下文中的“T talk mrals，we lked at dilemmas we had faced urselves.”可知，通过那些谈话，作者他们意识到了自己的意志并不是无限自由的，而是有一些阻碍。故选C项。
32．D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：到课程结束时，我发现没有正确答案的问题可能是最吸引人的。bjective客观的；effective有效的；encuraging令人鼓舞的；appealing吸引人的。根据上文第一段中的“If there was n right __24__，I thught，why bther？”和第二段中的“I imagined getting int pretty lng and bring cnversatins”可知，作者以前认为，没有答案的是没有意义的，是枯燥无味的；而现在却发现，没有正确答案的问题才可能是最吸引人的。故选D项。
33．B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我突然意识到，如果我放弃我的偏见，我实际上可以从曾经不在意的科目中得到很多。cnfused使困惑；struck突然想到；warned警告；cnvinced使相信。根据下文中的“that if I let g f my __34__，I can actually get a lt ut f the subjects I nce thught little f.”可知，这是作者上课之后意识到的内容。故选B项。
34．D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上题。pride骄傲；cncern担心；assessment评估；prejudice偏见。根据第一段中的“Since elementary schl，I have always __21__ subjects like science and math.T me，these subjects，full f discveries and __22__，seem t play mre significant rle in human prgress than humanities.And I always __23__ thught f these subjects as mre slid and serius than classes like English.If there was n right __24__ I thught，why bther？”可知，作者以前对这些学科是有偏见的。故选D项。
35．A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这节课教会了我——用不止一种方法——用开放的心态去看待事物。根据上文中的“It __33__ me that if I let g f my __34__，I can actually get a lt ut f the subjects I nce thught little f.”可知，作者意识到，对那些人文学科不能带有偏见，要思想开放。故选A项。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
One f the effective ways t make freign language classes interesting is using educatinal games，36．________ usually prvide fun and increase mtivatin.
That games are fun seems t be 37．________(universal) accepted.Smetimes games are 38．________ welcme break frm the usual rutine f the language class.Therefre，sme teachers are enthusiastic abut games 39．________ a teaching tl and ften turn t games.T these teachers，playing games is a very gd frm t help achieve an active atmsphere where students can acquire knwledge as well as have fun.
Games increase mtivatin(动机) as well.As 40．________(knw)，learning mtivatin prmtes students 41．________(wrk) fr the purpse f achieving sme gals.The 42．______(strng) mtivatin a learner has，the mre time he r she will spend 43．________(learn) a secnd language.Games are mtivating because they are amusing and at the same time challenging.In playing games，in rder t win，t scre pints r t beat their cmpetitrs，students get highly mtivated and 44．________(absrb).They use the target language uncnsciusly in the prcess f playing games.Learning is hard wrk，45．________ games help students a great deal in keeping the effrt f learning.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了教学游戏在外语课中的重要作用。
36．which 考查定语从句。句意：让外语课变得有趣的有效方法之一是使用教育游戏，它通常提供乐趣并增加动机。分析句子结构可知，“36．________usually prvide fun and increase mtivatin”为非限制性定语从句，先行词是“educatinal games”，指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
37．universally 考查副词。句意：游戏的乐趣似乎已被普遍接受。分析句子可知，空格处应用副词修饰动词accepted，作状语，universal意为“普遍的”，其对应的副词为universally，意为“普遍地”。故填universally。
38．a 考查冠词。句意：有时，游戏是语言课常规的一个受欢迎的休息活动。分析句子可知，句中泛指一个受欢迎的休息活动，故应用不定冠词。welcme以辅音音素开头，故应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
39．as 考查介词。句意：因此，一些教师热衷于将游戏作为教学工具，并经常求助于游戏。根据句意可知，句中指将游戏“作为”教学工具，故空格处应填介词as。故填as。
40．is knwn 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：众所周知，学习动机促进学生为实现某些目标而工作。分析句子可知，句子为As引导的非限制性定语从句，从句陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时。As代指“学习动机促进学生为实现某些目标而工作”这件事，在从句中作主语，与knw之间为被动关系，故从句应用一般现在时的被动语态。as is knwn意为“众所周知”。故填is knwn。
41．t wrk 考查动词不定式。句意：众所周知，学习动机促进学生为实现某些目标而工作。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语prmte sb t d sth，意为“促使某人做某事”，wrk作动词意为“工作”，故空格处应填t wrk。故填t wrk。
42．strnger 考查形容词比较级。句意：学习者的动机越强，他或她花在学习第二语言上的时间越多。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定句型“the＋形容词比较级，the＋形容词比较级”，意为“越……，越……”，空格处应用形容词，作定语修饰名词mtivatin。strng意为“强烈的”，其比较级为strnger。故填strnger。
43．learning 考查动词的-ing形式。句意：同上题。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定句型“sb spend sme time (in) ding sth”，意为“某人花费时间做某事”。故空处应填learning。故填learning。
44．absrbed 考查形容词。句意：在玩游戏时，为了获胜、得分或击败竞争对手，学生们会变得高度积极和专注。分析句子可知，get为系动词，意为“变得”，后接形容词作表语，absrb的形容词为absrbed意为“专注的，全神贯注的”。故填absrbed。
45．but 考查连词。句意：学习是一项艰苦的工作，但游戏在很大程度上帮助学生保持学习的努力。分析句子可知，句中“学习是一项艰苦的工作”和“游戏在很大程度上帮助学生保持学习的努力”之间为转折关系，应用连词but。故填but。
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
随着网络的流行，青少年上网遇到了很多网络安全问题。假定你是李华，你的好友Jack来信向你寻求建议，请你就“安全网络聊天”为话题，给他回一封电子邮件。
内容包括：
1．保护个人隐私；
2．不要点击陌生链接；
3．不要单独与网友见面。
注意：
1．词数80左右；邮件的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jack，
________________________________________________________________________
Yurs，
Li Hua
One pssible versin：
Dear Jack，
Learning that yu want t knw hw t chat safely nline，I’m writing t ffer yu sme advice.
First f all，it’s best t prtect yur privacy and prevent identity theft，which means yu shuldn’t give ut yur address and phne number.Additinally，dn’t click n unfamiliar links t keep yurself away frm ptential dangers.What’s mre，never meet nline friends alne.If yu have t meet him r her，g with yur parents r classmates.
I d hpe my advice will be f help t yu.
Yurs，
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
Last weekend，I went t Mark’s new huse near a frest fr a little get-tgether.After lunch when I was chatting with him and his wife Cdy，he asked me，“Hey，Thra，have yu ever been t a secret spt？” Befre I culd even finish saying n，Cdy and Mark were already at the dr with their jackets n.And the next mment we were heading ut int the frest with a camera，a fishing net and a plastic bucket(桶).
We walked thrugh the frest alng a path by a small river.Breathing the fresh air，we three talked and laughed all the way.
“Hey！What are yu guys ding？” smene suddenly shuted frm behind.Mark and Cdy’s eyes immediately widened，and withut a wrd they started running.I had n chice but t fllw them，getting my shes wet and dirty with mud.We prbably ran fr abut 10 minutes befre Mark and Cdy slwed dwn.I stpped t catch my breath and asked，“Wh was that？”
Mark replied，“The mst annying neighbur ever.There’s n telling what culd happen if he caught up with us.He is always making fun f us.I dislike him.” We kept walking n fr a few mre minutes.Then a beautiful lake appeared befre ur eyes.“Ww！Amazing！” I shuted and culd hardly hld back my excitement.The lake was large and the water was deep and blue，lking s peaceful with tall trees arund it.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应的位置作答。
Lking arund，we saw a bat flating by the shre._________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________
One pssible versin：
Lking arund，we saw a bat flating by the shre.“Hw abut ging bating？”Mark asked.“Gd idea，”I agreed.I was excited t find s many fishes in the lake.Befre I culd say a wrd，Mark had cast the fishing net int the water.“Lk this way.Let me take a pht f yu tw，” Cdy said，taking ut the camera.Hearing that，I quickly apprached Mark.But all f a sudden I lst my balance and fell int the water.
“Help！Help！Help！” I was s frightened and cried fr help.__________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________
One pssible versin：
“Help！Help！Help！” I was s frightened and cried fr help.Hwever，nne f us culd swim.Mark and Cdy tried t pull me up frm the water but failed.Struggling in the water, I was almst exhausted.Suddenly，I felt myself lifted by smene.It was Mark’s neighbur，wh fllwed us there.Withut hesitatin，he jumped int the water and saved me.
相关试卷
高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 4 Sharing习题： 这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册<a href="/yy/tb_c4009228_t7/?tag_id=28" target="_blank">Unit 4 Sharing习题</a>，共9页。
人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 3 Sea Exploration同步达标检测题： 这是一份人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册<a href="/yy/tb_c4009227_t7/?tag_id=28" target="_blank">Unit 3 Sea Exploration同步达标检测题</a>，共9页。
人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 2 Iconic Attractions同步训练题： 这是一份人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册<a href="/yy/tb_c4009226_t7/?tag_id=28" target="_blank">Unit 2 Iconic Attractions同步训练题</a>，共9页。
