开学摸底卷 （山东淄博专用）2026-2027学年鲁教版（五四制）九年级英语上册含答案

这是一份开学摸底卷 （山东淄博专用）2026-2027学年鲁教版（五四制）九年级英语上册含答案，共14页。试卷主要包含了F 17等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Chinese calligraphy, an imprtant part f traditinal Chinese culture, has a histry f mre than 3,000 years. It started in China and spread t ther parts f Asia alng with Chinese culture. It’s the art f writing Chinese characters and rules f writing with a brush. S, when yu practise calligraphy, it’s imprtant t pay attentin t the changes f the strkes and the spaces between characters.
There were many famus calligraphers in histry. Wang Xizhi and Yan Zhenqing are amng the mst famus nes. Peple can even tell their feelings and persnalities frm their wrks. Tday, we can see their calligraphy wrks n the walls f ffices, shps, htels and many ther places.
The tl fr practising calligraphy is calligraphy brushes. They are usually made f the hair f different animals. Practising calligraphy takes a lt f time, and many peple need t take lessns t learn it. During the lessns, they can learn hw t write different strkes f Chinese characters. If yu’re interested in it, yu may start practising with a teacher right away.
Calligraphy, an amazing traditinal art frm, shws the lve that all Chinese peple have fr culture and beauty. Lts f Chinese peple, ld and yung, practise calligraphy ften. They dn’t d it t be a calligrapher, but t enjy the peaceful mind.
1．What is the tl fr practising calligraphy made f?
A．Metal and wd.B．Special paper and ink.
C．Different kinds f plastic.D．The hair f different animals.
2．Why d lts f Chinese peple practise calligraphy ften?
A．T enjy the peaceful mind.B．T teach thers hw t write.
C．T becme famus calligraphers.D．T win different kinds f prizes.
3．What is the best title fr the passage?
A．Famus Chinese calligraphersB．The histry f Chinese calligraphy
C．Hw t practise Chinese calligraphyD．Chinese calligraphy: a traditinal art frm
【答案】1．D 2．A 3．D
【导语】本文介绍了中国书法这一传统文化，讲述它的悠久历史、书写要点，列举古代著名书法家，讲解书写工具，说明练习书法的方式以及书法带给人们的精神价值。
【详解】1．根据第三段第一、二句“The tl fr practising calligraphy is calligraphy brushes. They are usually made f the hair f different animals.”可知，练习书法的工具毛笔通常是由“不同动物的毛发”制成的。
2．根据最后一段“Lts f Chinese peple, ld and yung, practise calligraphy ften. They dn’t d it t be a calligrapher, but t enjy the peaceful mind.”可知，很多中国人练习书法不是为了成为书法家，而是为了“享受平静的心境”。
3．文章开篇指出中国书法是中国传统文化的重要部分，接着介绍了书法的历史、著名书法家、练习工具以及中国人练习书法的目的等内容，整体围绕中国书法这一传统艺术形式展开。D项“Chinese calligraphy: a traditinal art frm (中国书法：一种传统艺术形式)”最适合作为标题。
B
①Imagine a hit shrt vide：Yu travel back t the 1940s and experience yur grandparents' fight with hunger.When yu return t the present，yu find yur bdy has changed.This may sund like sci﹣fi，yet epigenetics （表观遗传学） raises the same questin：Can the past really leave a mark n yu？
②Fr years，we believed inheritance （遗传） was all abut DNA．Yur parents pass dwn genes （基因） that decide yur eye clr r height.But epigenetics suggests that life experiences — like stress r pr diet — can als affect hw yur genes wrk，withut changing the DNA itself.Hwever，it shuld be nted that yur memries cannt be passed dwn thrugh this way.
③Hw des this prcess wrk？Think f yur DNA as a huge instructin bk fr yur bdy.Life experiences add special chemical "bkmarks" t it.These bkmarks dn't rewrite the wrds，but they tell yur bdy which pages t read and which t skip.This prcess is called Gene Expressin （基因表达）.In shrt，a gene can be "n" r "ff".
④Mice experiments can prve it.In a famus study，scientists trained mice t fear a cherry﹣blssm smell with a slight electric shck （电击）.Surprisingly，their children and even grandchildren were als afraid f that same smell，thugh they never received any shcks.
⑤ ▲ Take the WWII Dutch Hunger Winter as an example.Researchers fund peple with famine﹣surviving （熬过饥荒的） grandparents had physical changes and higher risks f weight and metablic （新陈代谢） illnesses.This shws past envirnments can affect bdies fr a lng time.
⑥Many questins abut epigenetics remain unslved.Hwever，studies tell us ne surprising fact：we cannt really travel thrugh time，but the effects f past lives pass dwn thrugh families and change ur bdies.That reminds us t pay attentin t ur daily lifestyles right away.
⑦These studies als shw ur daily habits will influence ur children and grandchildren.The mst magical "time travel" lies inside us：we carry tiny pieces f ur ancestrs' （祖先） pasts thrughut ur whle lives.If we keep healthy habits nw，we will leave gd epigenetic marks fr later family members.S we shuld start with small healthy habits tday fr the lng﹣term health f ur family.
4 Why des the writer begin the passage with a "hit shrt vide" scene？
A.T shw peple can really travel back t the past.
B.T attract readers and lead int the tpic f epigenetics.
C.T explain hw sci﹣fi stries cme frm scientific research.
D.T shw that grandparents can pass dwn their memries t us.
5 Accrding t the passage what can we inherit frm ur ancestrs？

A.①②③
B.②③④
C.①③④
D.①②④
6 What can be put in the ▲ ？
A.The Dutch Hunger Winter was lng ag.
B.Mice and humans have very different DNA．
C.Scientists have fund similar changes in humans.
D.Peple in Wrld War II had weight prblems.
7 Which f the fllwing can be put in the furth bx f the structure？
A.Mre Scientific Discveries
B.Predictins f Epigenetics
C.Unslved Mysteries f Epigenetics
D.Suggestins fr Humans
【分析】本文主要介绍了表观遗传学（epigenetics）的概念。文章通过一个短视频的假设场景引入话题，解释了生活经历如何通过化学"书签"影响基因表达而不改变DNA本身，并列举了小鼠实验和二战荷兰饥荒的例子来证明这种影响可以跨代传递。最后，文章建议人们保持健康的生活习惯，为后代留下良好的表观遗传标记。
【解答】4 推理判断题。根据文章第一段"Imagine a hit shrt vide（想象一个爆款短视频）"开头，描述了一个穿越回过去体验祖辈饥饿的场景，随即指出"yet epigenetics raises the same questin（然而，表观遗传学提出了同样的问题）"，从而引出文章的主题——表观遗传学。这种开头方式旨在吸引读者兴趣并自然过渡到科学话题。故选B。
5 细节理解题。根据文章第二段"Yur parents pass dwn genes that decide yur eye clr r height.（你的父母会遗传决定你眼色或身高的基因。）"可知，眼睛颜色（图①）和DNA（图②）是可以遗传的；根据第二段最后一句"yur memries cannt be passed dwn（你的记忆无法被传承下去）"可知，记忆（图③）是不能遗传的；根据第五段Take the WWII Dutch Hunger Winter as an example.Researchers fund peple with famine﹣surviving （熬过饥荒的） grandparents had physical changes and higher risks f weight and metablic （新陈代谢） illnesses.（以二战期间的荷兰饥荒冬季为例，研究人员发现，那些祖辈经历过饥荒的人在身体上出现了变化，并且患体重和代谢性疾病的风险更高。）可知，祖辈经历饥荒导致的身体代谢及体重变化风险（图④）是可以遗传的。因此①②④正确。故选D。
6 推理判断题。根据第四段Mice experiments can prve it.In a famus study，scientists trained mice t fear a cherry﹣blssm smell with a slight electric shck （电击）.Surprisingly，their children and even grandchildren were als afraid f that same smell，thugh they never received any shcks.（老鼠实验可以证明这一点。在一项著名的研究中，科学家通过轻微的电击训练老鼠对樱桃花香产生恐惧。令人惊讶的是，它们的子女甚至孙辈也对同样的气味感到害怕，尽管他们从未接受过任何电击。）以及第五段Take the WWII Dutch Hunger Winter as an example.Researchers fund peple with famine﹣surviving （熬过饥荒的） grandparents had physical changes and higher risks f weight and metablic （新陈代谢） illnesses.（以二战期间的荷兰饥荒冬季为例，研究人员发现，那些祖辈经历过饥荒的人在身体上出现了变化，并且患体重和代谢性疾病的风险更高。）可知，第四段讲述了在老鼠（mice）身上进行的表观遗传学实验，第五段空白处后紧接着以"二战荷兰饥饿之冬"为例，讲述了人类祖辈的饥荒经历对后代身体的影响。因此，空白处应起到承上启下的作用，指出科学家在人类身上也发现了类似的变化，选项C"Scientists have fund similar changes in humans.（科学家们在人类身上发现了类似的改变。）"符合语境。故选C。
7 推理判断题。结构图的第四个方框对应文章的第⑥⑦段。这两段主要讲述了表观遗传学的研究结果给我们的启示："reminds us t pay attentin t ur daily lifestyles right away"（提醒我们立即关注日常的生活方式）以及"we shuld start with small healthy habits tday"（我们今天应该从小的健康习惯开始）。这部分内容主要是基于科学发现给人类提出的健康建议（Suggestins fr Humans）。故选D。
C
We knw many musical instruments well, such as pians, vilins, drums and s n. What abut the erhu? The erhu is a traditinal Chinese instrument. It is the mst ppular f the huqin family, and it has a lng histry.
The mdern erhu develped frm the xiqin, which was played by many ethnic minrities (少数民族) during the Tang Dynasty. In the Sng Dynasty, musicians began t use the erhu t perfrm different kinds f music, and it became quite a ppular instrument. With the rise f sme frms f flk art, the art f the erhu develped quickly during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. It became an imprtant accmpanying (伴奏) instrument in different flk music. At present, it is used in bth traditinal and mdern music, such as in pp, rck and jazz. It has even becme a sl (独奏) instrument. One f the mst famus musical pieces played n the erhu is Erquan Yingyue.
As the erhu was mainly played by cmmn peple and the playing skills were passed dwn rally (口头地), there are few written recrds abut the erhu that can be fund. T study the histry and the develpment f the erhu, histrians usually turn t ancient paintings. The earliest pictures f this instrument were fund in Yulin Caves and Eastern Thusand Buddha Caves in Gansu Prvince, where five erhu pictures were discvered n murals (壁画).
8．When did the erhu becme a ppular instrument?
A．In the Sng Dynasty.B．In the Ming Dynasty.
C．In recent years.D．In the Tang Dynasty.
9．T study the histry f the erhu, histrians usually ________.
A．get help frm ancient paintingsB．play the mst famus erhu pieces
C．listen t different kinds f flk musicD．read sme bks abut ethnic minrities
10．Which is TRUE accrding t the passage?
A．The huqin belngs t the erhu family.B．Flk art stps the develpment f the erhu.
C．The erhu is used in bth traditinal and mdern music nw.D．Peple can find plenty f written recrds abut the erhu.
11．What’s the best title fr the passage?
A．The Frms f Flk MusicB．The Develpment f Chinese Instruments
C．The Rise f Different DynastiesD．The Histry f the Erhu
【答案】8．A 9．A 10．C 11．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了二胡的起源、发展历程以及现状。
【详解】8．根据第二段“In the Sng Dynasty, musicians began t use the erhu t perfrm different kinds f music, and it became quite a ppular instrument.”可知，在宋朝二胡成为一种相当流行的乐器。
9．根据第三段“T study the histry and the develpment f the erhu, histrians usually turn t ancient paintings.”可知，历史学家研究二胡的历史通常参考古画。
10．根据第二段“At present, it is used in bth traditinal and mdern music,”可知，如今二胡既用于传统音乐也用于现代音乐，C选项匹配。
11．通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了二胡的起源、发展历程以及现状，是围绕二胡的历史展开，因此最佳标题是二胡的历史。
D
Different Leisure Activities: Past and Nw
As sciety develps, peple’s ways t relax have changed a lt. In the past, mst peple didn’t have much mney. Their leisure activities were simple and cheap. They watched pen-air mvies in the village square after dinner. Old men played Chinese chess tgether under big trees. Fr traveling, peple culd nly hang ut near their huses—walking t nearby parks fr picnics r bating. Few peple culd take trains t faraway cities.
Nw peple have mre chices fr free time. Many families wn cars, s they can take rad trips n weekends. They fly t ther cities r even freign cuntries fr hlidays. Yung peple lve surfing the Internet, watching mvies in mdern cinemas r jining sprts clubs. They als chat and play games nline with friends.
Sme peple think tday’s leisure activities are t busy and nisy. Others say the clrful activities make life wnderful. N matter what pinins peple have, the changes shw ur cuntry is getting strnger and richer.
12．What was ppular fr peple t watch in the past?
A．Online vides.B．Open-air mvies.C．Cinema films.D．TV shws.
13．In the ld days, peple traveled ________.
A．t freign cuntries.B．t faraway cities.C．nly near their hmesD．by plane
14．Which is NOT peple’s present leisure activity?
A．Rad trips by car.B．Playing chess utdrs every day.
C．Surfing the Internet.D．Traveling abrad.
15．What can we learn frm the text?
A．All peple hate tday’s leisure life.
B．Peple have fewer ways t relax nw.
C．The changes shw ur cuntry develps well.
D．Everyne thinks new activities are great.
【答案】12．B 13．C 14．B 15．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，对比了过去与现在人们休闲活动的变化，并指出这些变化反映了国家的发展。
【详解】12．根据第一段“They watched pen-air mvies in the village square after dinner.”可知，过去人们流行看露天电影。
13．根据第一段“Fr traveling, peple culd nly hang ut near their huses...”可知，过去人们旅行只在家附近。
14．根据第一段“Old men played Chinese chess tgether under big trees.”可知户外下棋是过去的活动；第二段列举的现代活动包括开车旅行、上网、出国旅游等，未提及每天户外下棋。
15．根据最后一段“ changes shw ur cuntry is getting strnger and richer.”可知，变化显示国家发展良好。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。
D yu knw hw t make a gd first impressin? The fllwing tips may help yu.
First f all, dress prperly. If yu are in a frmal situatin, such as a jb interview r an imprtant meeting, it’s better t dress frmally. 16 Fr example, if yu are ging n a picnic r hanging ut with friends, yu can chse casual clthes like T-shirts and jeans.
Secndly, smile and make eye cntact (眼神交流). 17 Making eye cntact fr a few secnds frm time t time is enugh. When yu talk t thers, lk them in the eyes. It shws that yu are listening carefully and respect them.
Then, use gd bdy language. Stand up straight and dn’t sluch (低头垂肩地站). 18 Als, keep a prper distance when yu cmmunicate with thers. Standing t clse may make them feel uncmfrtable.
19 Use wrds like “please”, “thank yu” and “excuse me” frequently. Small acts f kindness can als leave a gd impressin. Fr example, hld the dr pen fr thers r ffer yur seat t smene wh needs it.
Finally, shw yur interests. When yu meet new peple, try t find cmmn interests. It can break the ice and make the cnversatin g well. 20
Remember, making a gd first impressin takes time and practice. But if yu fllw these tips, yu will surely succeed.
A．It gives thers a gd feeling.
B．Anther imprtant thing is t be plite.
C．It can help yu get the jb yu like easily.
D．A warm smile can make yu seem friendly.
E．This will help yu build a gd relatinship with them.
F．But if it’s an infrmal ccasin, yu can dress mre casually.
【答案】16．F 17．D 18．A 19．B 20．E
【导语】本文主要介绍了几条能帮人们留下良好第一印象的实用技巧。
【详解】16．前文说明面试、重要会议这类正式场合要穿正装，后文举例野餐、和朋友聚会可穿休闲衣物，F选项“But if it’s an infrmal ccasin, yu can dress mre casually.”形成对比，衔接前后两种场合的穿搭要求。
17．本段主题是微笑与眼神交流，D选项“A warm smile can make yu seem friendly.”承接开头的smile，解释微笑带来的积极效果，引出下文眼神交流的内容。
18．前文建议站直、不要弯腰驼背，A选项“It gives thers a gd feeling.”里的It指代端正的体态，说明得体肢体语言带来的好感受，承接上文建议。
19．后文介绍多说礼貌用语、主动帮扶他人等友善行为，B选项“Anther imprtant thing is t be plite.”总起整段，引出后文所有礼貌相关做法。
20． 前文说结识新人时寻找共同爱好能打破冷场、顺畅聊天，E选项“This will help yu build a gd relatinship with them.”中的This指代找到共同兴趣，点明该做法带来的长远好处。
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分20分）
第一节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
Chen Wei is a 16-year-ld student frm Nanjing. He has always been 21 by the wrds f Liang Qicha in “The Yung China”. He believes that yung peple shuld 22 the respnsibility fr their cuntry.
Last year, Chen Wei 23 a vlunteer grup called “Yuth Actin” with his classmates. The grup’s 24 is t help left-behind children in rural areas. They visit villages every mnth, 25 bks and schl supplies. They als give free lessns t the children.
“If we are 26 , China will be strng,” Chen Wei ften says. He thinks that every small actin can 27 a difference. His grup has already helped ver 100 children 28 better educatin.
Chen Wei’s stry shws that yung peple can 29 histry. “We are nt t yung t 30 ,” he says. “The future is in ur hands.”
21．A．inspiredB．frightenedC．wrriedD．bred
22．A．take ffB．take nC．take utD．take away
23．A．startedB．stppedC．frgtD．refused
24．A．prblemB．questinC．dutyD．dream
25．A．buyingB．bringingC．makingD．brrwing
26．A．smartB．strngC．wealthyD．independent
27．A．haveB．takeC．makeD．get
28．A．acceptB．receiveC．refuseD．find
29．A．readB．writeC．studyD．make
30．A．playB．wrkC．actD．rest
【答案】
21．A 22．B 23．A 24．C 25．B 26．B 27．C 28．B 29．B 30．C
【导语】本文讲述了南京学生陈伟受梁启超名言鼓舞，创办志愿者团体帮助留守儿童，展现青年担当与爱国情怀的故事。
【详解】21．句意：他一直受梁启超在《少年中国说》中话语的鼓舞。
根据“He believes that yung peple fr their cuntry”可知，他是受到积极影响，inspired符合语境。其他选项情感色彩消极。
22．句意：他认为年轻人应该承担国家的责任。
搭配“the respnsibility”，此处指承担责任，take n“承担（责任、工作、重担）”为正确搭配。其他选项与责任搭配不当。
23．句意：去年，陈伟和同学创办了一个名为“青年行动”的志愿者团体。
根据“a vlunteer grup”及后文帮助儿童的行为可知，是创办了团体，started符合语境。其他选项逻辑不通。
24．句意：该团体的职责是帮助农村地区的留守儿童。
根据前文“respnsibility”及志愿者性质可知，帮助儿童是他们的职责，duty符合语境。其他选项不符合团体目标描述。
25．句意：他们每月拜访村庄，带来书籍和学习用品。
根据“visit villages”可知，他们是去送物资，给村庄“带来”书籍和学习用品。bringing符合语境。其他选项不符合志愿者捐赠行为。
26．句意：陈伟常说：“如果我们强，中国将强。”
根据梁启超名言“少年强则国强”可知，此处指年轻人强大。
27．句意：他认为每个小行动都能产生影响。
根据“a difference”可知，考查搭配make a difference，意为“起作用/产生影响”。其他选项无法构成该搭配。
28．句意：他的团体已经帮助了100多名儿童接受更好的教育。
宾语是educatin，accept侧重主观意愿，receive客观收到、得到；孩子客观上得到教育资源，所以用receive better educatin。
29．句意：陈伟的故事表明，年轻人可以书写历史。
根据“Chen Wei’s stry”及创造未来的语境，write histry意为“书写历史”，指青年用行动创造、谱写历史。
30．句意：他说：“我们不会因为太年轻而无法行动。”
根据全文主题及团体名“Yuth Actin”可知，全文讲青年志愿行动，act贴合全文主题。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Have yu ever returned frm a hliday feeling mre tired than befre? Yu might have been trying t see t many sights in t 31 (little) time. Recently, a new trend called “slw travel” 32 (becme) ppular, especially amng yung peple.
Instead f rushing frm ne famus landmark t 33 next with a checklist, slw travelers chse t stay in ne place lnger. They might rent an apartment in a small twn fr a week, shp at lcal markets, ck their wn meals, and truly live like a lcal. The gal is cnnectin 34 cmpetitin—t cnnect with the lcal culture, nature, and peple deeply.
This kind f travel 35 (be) nt nly mre relaxing but als mre sustainable (可持续的). It ften invlves walking, cycling, r using public transprt, 36 reduces carbn emissins. Als, spending mney in lcal shps directly helps the cmmunity.
Fr many, slw travel is a mindset. It’s abut 37 (appreciate) the jurney itself—the smell f rain n a quiet street, a lng cnversatin with a cafe wner, r the simple jy f 38 (get) lst and finding yur way back. It reminds us that the best experiences ften can’t 39 (find) n a busy turist map.
S next time yu plan a trip, cnsider slwing dwn. Yu might discver that 40 (much) yu rush, the less yu actually see and feel.
【答案】
31．little 32．has becme 33．the 34．nt 35．is 36．which 37．appreciating 38．getting 39．be fund 40．the mre
【导语】本文先指出传统走马观花式旅行会让人更疲惫，引出当下流行的“慢旅行”；介绍慢旅行的出行方式：长时间停留一地、体验本地生活；阐述慢旅行的两大优势——身心放松、低碳环保助力当地发展；最后点明慢旅行是一种生活心态，告诉读者赶路越匆忙，收获越少。
【详解】31．句意：你或许是想在极短的时间内游览太多景点。t little time“太少的时间”，time不可数，用little修饰。
32．句意：最近，一种名为“慢旅行”的新风潮流行开来。recently“最近”是现在完成时标志，主语a new trend为单数，用has becme。
33．句意：打卡游客会拿着游玩清单，急匆匆从一处名胜赶去下一处；而慢旅行爱好者会选择在一个地方久待。固定搭配：frm the next“从一个……到下一个”，the next特指“紧挨着的下一个(景点)”，需用定冠词the。
34．句意：慢旅行的核心是沉浸式感受，而非比拼打卡数量——深度融入当地文化、自然风光与本地人。此处指慢旅行重在感受人文联结，而不是比拼打卡数量，nt表否定，意为“而非、而不是”。
35．句意：这种旅行方式不仅更放松，也更环保低碳。主语this kind f travel为单数，全文介绍客观现象用一般现在时，be动词用is。
36．句意：出行大多步行、骑行或是乘坐公共交通，以此减少碳排放。此处为非限制性定语从句，逗号后指代前面整件事(步行、骑行、乘坐公交)，指代事物用关系代词which。
37．句意：它重在欣赏旅途本身：雨后安静街道的气息、和咖啡馆店主的长谈，或是迷路后重新找回路线的简单快乐。abut是介词，后面动词要变成动名词形式，appreciate的动名词形式为appreciating。
38．句意：它重在欣赏旅途本身：雨后安静街道的气息、和咖啡馆店主的长谈，或是迷路后重新找回路线的简单快乐。f是介词，动词用动名词；get的动名词形式为getting。
39．句意：它提醒我们，最美好的体验，往往不会出现在密密麻麻的旅游打卡地图上。主语experiences和find是被动关系：体验被找到，情态动词对应的被动语态为be fund。
40．句意：你会发现，越是赶路匆忙，能真正看见、感受到的东西反而越少。此处为固定句型：the+比较级，the+比较级，much的比较级为mre，此处需填the mre。
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；满分10分）
阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。
Yu Min was an imprtant Chinese nuclear physicist (核物理学家) and was hnred as “the father f Chinese Hydrgen Bmb (氢弹)”.
Yu Min was brn in Tianjin in 1926. When he was in high schl, he was an excellent student. Later, he studied at Peking University. In 1951, he became a scientist and began t study nuclear physics. In 1961, when Yu was given the wrk f researching the hydrgen bmb, he accepted it withut thinking twice. Fr the next 28 years, his wrk remained secret (秘密的) and stayed hidden frm the public. Even his family didn’t knw his wrk.
T develp China’s wn hydrgen bmb quickly, Yu wrked day and night. He guided his team t create a cmplete design after three mnths f hard wrk. After wrking in hard envirnments fr years, his bdy became weak. But he never gave up. On Octber 16, 1964, China’s first atmic bmb explded (原子弹爆炸) successfully. Later, n June 17, 1967, China’s first hydrgen bmb explded, making China the fastest cuntry t g frm atmic t hydrgen bmbs, much quicker than the USA (7 years), France (8.5 years) r the UK (4.5 years).
Yu came back t public view in 1999, receiving the “Tw Bmbs, One Satellite” Merit Award fr his wrk, tgether with sme ther scientists such as Sun Jiadng, Qian Sanqiang, Qian Xuesen and Deng Jiaxian. In 2015, Yu Min wn the Natinal Science and Technlgy Award. In January 2019, Yu Min died, leaving his deep lve fr the cuntry.
41．Where was Yu Min brn?

42．Hw lng did Yu Min keep his wrk a secret?

43．When did China’s first atmic bmb explde?

44．Which cuntry was the fastest t g frm atmic t hydrgen bmbs?

45．What can yu learn frm Yu Min?

【答案】41．He was brn in Tianjin. 42．Fr 28 years. 43．On Octber 16, 1964. 44．China was the fastest. 45．Lve fr the cuntry. He kept his imprtant jb a secret fr 28 years and tried his best t finish it well. （答案不唯一，合理即可）
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了“中国氢弹之父”于敏的生平经历，讲述他隐姓埋名28年潜心研发氢弹、克服艰苦条件完成科研突破并斩获多项荣誉，一生为国奉献的感人事迹。
【详解】41．根据第二段第一句“Yu Min was brn in Tianjin in 1926.”可知原文已经给出了“出生地”信息是天津，直接提取。
42．根据第二段“Fr the next 28 years, his wrk remained secret and stayed hidden frm the public.” 原文明确给出保密时长28年，直接提取。
43．根据第三段“On Octber 16, 1964, China’s first atmic bmb explded successfully.” 可知原文已经给出了具体的时间信息，直接提取。
44．根据第三段“…making China the fastest cuntry t g frm atmic t hydrgen bmbs…”原文点明是中国的速度最快。因此答案就是原文直接信息。
45．本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一，根据原文提炼品质，比如“隐姓埋名28年、日夜奋战、艰苦环境不放弃、为国奉献”，总结出“坚持不懈、无私奉献、热爱祖国、刻苦钻研”等精神，写出自己的观点，合理作答即可。
第二节（满分20分）
46．时光荏苒，转眼同学们已经步入九年级。经过两年的初中生活，相信你在外貌、性格、学习、爱好等方面有了很大的变化。下周班会上，你班将组织主题为“Great changes in my life”的英语演讲活动。假设你是李华，请根据以下提示写一篇英语发言稿。
内容提示：What are yur changes?
Which change is the mst imprtant ne, why?
注意：(1) 文中不得透露个人真实信息；
(2) 词数80左右；字迹工整，语法正确，意思连贯，可适当发挥。
(3) 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Great changes in my life
My life has changed a lt in the past tw years.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
例文
My life has changed a lt in the past tw years.
I used t be shy and weak. Nw I am taller and mre utging. I study harder than befre. Amng all the changes, the mst imprtant ne is my learning habit. I used t depend n parents, but nw I can plan my study time wisely.
This change makes me cnfident and helps me get better grades. I believe these changes will lead me t a bright future.
Thank yu fr listening.
【详解】写作步骤
[第一步：审题立意]
确定文体：演讲稿，以一般过去时和一般现在时为主
明确要点：需包含变化内容、最大变化、原因。
确定人称：第一人称
注意事项：词数80左右
[第二步：构思布局]
四段式结构：
开头段：开门见山说明生活中发生了很多变化
主体段一：具体描述变化，突出最大变化并说明原因
主体段二：表达对未来继续进步的期待
结尾段：致谢
[第三步：要点展开]
要点一：今昔对比
过去性格：be shy and weak./be shrt and shy等
现在性格、外貌：taller and mre utging./strnger and mre cnfident等
学习对比：study harder than befre./make mre prgress in study等
要点二：最大变化
变化：can plan my study time wisely./becme brave enugh t put up my hand and answer questins in class.等
要点三：原因
呈现原因：makes me cnfident and helps me get better grades/pushes me t fcus mre n lessns and make prgress little by little.等