unit3 单元知识点梳理-教师版＋学生版 26秋鲁教版（五四学制）初中英语九上

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Unit 3 Music单元知识点梳理与易错精讲2026秋季 · 鲁教版九年级全一册 · 教师版一、核心词汇表音乐类型与描述类乐器与表演类音乐家与创作类文化与价值类二、核心短语归纳三、语法精讲语法精讲一：定语从句（that/which/who）基本用法【语法规则】定语从句是在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句。被修饰的词叫先行词，引导定语从句的关系代词有 that、which、who。关系代词用法总结：• who：指人，在从句中作主语或宾语• which：指物，在从句中作主语或宾语• that：既可指人也可指物，在从句中作主语或宾语结构：先行词 + 关系代词(who/which/that) + 从句剩余部分【教材例句】【易错提醒】❌ I like music who tells a story.✅ I like music that/which tells a story.注意：music是物，不能用who引导，必须用that或which。who只能指人。❌ I like musicians which are creative.✅ I like musicians who/that are creative.注意：musicians是人，不能用which引导，必须用who或that。⚠️ 配套练习一、用that, which或who填空：1. I enjoy music ______ has beautiful lyrics.2. She likes musicians ______ can write their own songs.3. The song ______ uses the violin and the erhu is my favourite.4. The girl ______ is singing on stage is very talented.5. We need a piano ______ is in good condition.二、单项选择：6. I prefer the music ______ is energetic and lively. A. who B. which C. whom D. whose7. The composer ______ wrote this piece of music is from Poland. A. which B. whom C. who D. whose8. Do you know the boy ______ is playing the piano? A. which B. who C. whom D. whose9. This is the instrument ______ my grandfather bought many years ago. A. who B. whom C. that D. whose10. The performers ______ used both Chinese and Western instruments impressed the audience. A. which B. whom C. whose D. who? 参考答案与解析一、1. that/which（music是物） 2. who/that（musicians是人） 3. that/which（song是物） 4. who/that（girl是人） 5. that/which（piano是物）二、6. 答案：B【解析】先行词music是物，用that/which引导定语从句。who指人，whom是who的宾格，whose表所属。故选B。7. 答案：C【解析】先行词composer是人，在从句中作主语，用who。which指物，whom作宾语。故选C。8. 答案：B【解析】先行词boy是人，在从句中作主语，用who/that。which指物。故选B。9. 答案：C【解析】先行词instrument是物，用that/which。who/whom指人，whose表所属。故选C。10. 答案：D【解析】先行词performers是人，在从句中作主语，用who/that。which指物，whose表所属。故选D。语法精讲二：关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时可省略【语法规则】当关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时，可以省略。此时句子仍然通顺，意思不变。• 作主语时不可省略：The music that is energetic makes me happy.（that不可省）• 作宾语时可省略：The music (that) I like is pop.（that可省）【教材例句】⚠️ 配套练习一、判断下列句中关系代词能否省略（写"可省略"或"不可省略"）：1. I love the music that has beautiful lyrics. ( )2. The song that she sang was wonderful. ( )3. The pianist who played at the concert is very famous. ( )4. The instrument which he bought last year is a piano. ( )5. The music that everyone likes is pop music. ( )二、单项选择：6. The song ______ we listened to yesterday was really beautiful. A. who B. which C. whose D. whom7. Do you know the girl ______ our teacher is talking to? A. which B. who C. whose D. whom? 参考答案与解析一、1. 不可省略（that在从句中作主语） 2. 可省略（that在从句中作宾语） 3. 不可省略（who在从句中作主语） 4. 可省略（which在从句中作宾语） 5. 可省略（that在从句中作宾语）二、6. 答案：B【解析】先行词song是物，关系代词在从句中作宾语，用which/that。故选B。7. 答案：D【解析】先行词girl是人，关系代词在从句中作宾语（talk to的宾语），用whom/who/that。whom最正式。故选D。四、重点句型翻译练习课时1 Section A 1a-1d — Kinds of Music课时2 Section A 2a-3d — Music and Musicians课时3 Section A 4a-4c — Relative Clauses课时4 Section B 1a-1f — Chopin: A Great Inspiration课时5 Section B 2a-2c — Vocabulary in Use课时6 Section B 3a-3c — Writing: My Music Story课时7 Over to you — Give a Presentation on a Famous Musician五、易错点归纳与练习易错点一：定语从句中关系代词who/which/that混用❌ I like music who is energetic.✅ I like music that/which is energetic.【讲解】who只能用来指人，which只能用来指物，that既可指人也可指物。判断方法：看先行词是人还是物。music/song/instrument等用which/that；musician/boy/girl等用who/that。练习：1. The pianist ______ played at the concert is from Poland. (who/which)2. I enjoy the music ______ was composed by Chopin. (who/which)3. She is a girl ______ loves classical music. (who/which)答案与解析：1. who【解析】先行词pianist是人，用who/that。2. which/that【解析】先行词music是物，用which/that。3. who/that【解析】先行词girl是人，用who/that。易错点二：look down on 与 look up to 混淆❌ He never looks down on his teachers. (原意：他从不看不起老师 → 语义正确但需注意语境)【讲解】look down on = 看不起、轻视（贬义）；look up to = 敬仰、尊敬（褒义）。两个短语意义完全相反。练习：1. We should never ______ people who are less fortunate than us.2. All students ______ their teachers and learn from them.3. Some people used to ______ folk music, but Chopin changed that.答案与解析：1. look down on【解析】看不起不幸的人，含贬义。2. look up to【解析】尊敬老师，含褒义。3. look down on【解析】轻视民间音乐。易错点三：dance to 与 dance with 混淆❌ She likes to dance with the music.（表示"和音乐一起跳舞"语义不清）✅ She likes to dance to the music.（随着音乐跳舞）【讲解】dance to + 音乐/节奏（表示"随着什么跳舞"，to是介词表伴随）；dance with + 人（表示"和谁一起跳舞"）。练习：1. The children love to dance ______ the lively music. (to/with)2. She danced ______ her partner at the party. (to/with)3. I like music that I can sing along ______. (to/with)答案与解析：1. to【解析】随着音乐跳舞，用dance to。2. with【解析】和舞伴跳舞，用dance with。3. to【解析】sing along to music，跟着音乐唱。易错点四：prefer 的用法错误（prefer...to... 与 prefer to do）❌ I prefer pop music than rock music.✅ I prefer pop music to rock music.✅ I prefer to listen to pop music.【讲解】prefer A to B = 比起B更喜欢A（to是介词，后接名词/动名词）；prefer to do sth = 更喜欢做某事。注意：prefer...to...中的to是介词，不是不定式符号。练习：1. I prefer classical music ______ jazz. (to/than)2. She prefers ______ (read) books to watching TV.3. He prefers music that ______ (be) energetic.答案与解析：1. to【解析】prefer A to B，to为介词。2. reading【解析】prefer doing A to doing B，to前后都用动名词。3. is【解析】定语从句中music是单数，用is。易错点五：put all your soul into it 中 soul 的用法❌ He put all his soul into play the piano.✅ He put all his soul into playing the piano.✅ He put all his soul into it.【讲解】put one's soul into + n./doing，into是介词，后接名词或动名词。类似结构：be interested in doing, be good at doing。练习：1. She puts all her soul into ______ (practise) the violin every day.2. The students should put their heart and soul into ______ (study).答案与解析：1. practising【解析】into是介词，后接动名词practising。2. studying【解析】into是介词，后接动名词studying。易错点六：be made of 与 be made from 混淆【讲解】be made of = 由……制成（物理变化，能看出原材料）；be made from = 由……制成（化学变化，看不出原材料）。判断方法：看成品中是否还能辨认出原材料。能→of；不能→from。练习：1. The chime-bells were made ______ bronze. (of/from)2. Paper is made ______ wood. (of/from)3. The erhu is made ______ wood and strings. (of/from)答案与解析：1. of【解析】编钟是青铜制品，成品仍可辨认出青铜材质，物理变化。2. from【解析】纸由木材制成，经过化学变化已看不出原来的木材。3. of【解析】二胡由木头和弦制成，成品仍可辨认材料，物理变化。六、写作素材积累好词好句好词：• classical / folk / pop / jazz / rock / rap• prefer / energetic / creative / gifted• composer / pianist / instrument / performance• lyrics / imagination / soul / friendship• look down on / hats off / put all your soul into it• play an important role in / touch one's heart开头好句：1. Music plays an important role in my life. It brings me happiness and courage.2. Different kinds of music have different effects on people. I enjoy music that tells a story.3. From classical music to pop music, every kind of music has its own charm.描述好句：1. Chopin was a gifted composer who left behind more than 200 musical works.2. He put all his soul into playing the piano, and his music touched millions of hearts.3. The performers used both Chinese and Western instruments, which made the performance especially exciting.4. Polish folk music, which some people looked down on, became an important characteristic of Chopin's music.结尾好句：1. In a word, music has the power to bring people together and touch their hearts.2. As Chopin showed us, we should put all our soul into what we love.3. Music is the universal language of humanity. Let us enjoy it with all our hearts.写作练习题目：请以 My Music Story 为题，写一篇80词左右的短文。写作提示：1. What kind of music do you like? Why?2. Is there a musician or a song that has influenced you? How?3. How does music play a role in your life?4. What do you want to say about music?范文框架与范文（教师版）框架提示：开头：引入音乐在你生活中的角色主体：喜欢的音乐类型 + 影响你的音乐家/歌曲 + 定语从句描述结尾：总结感受 + 展望My Music StoryMusic plays an important role in my life. I have been interested in music since I was a little child. Among all kinds of music, I prefer classical music that tells a story.My favourite musician is Chopin, who was one of the greatest composers in history. He was a gifted pianist who put all his soul into his music. His works, which are full of emotions, always touch my heart. When I feel tired or sad, I like to listen to his music because it makes me feel peaceful and hopeful.I also enjoy playing the piano myself. My music teacher, who is very patient, taught me to put all my soul into every piece. I have learned that music is not just about playing notes — it is about expressing feelings.In a word, music is the universal language of humanity. It connects people of all ages, young and old. I hope I can keep playing and enjoy music for the rest of my life.【范文点评】1. 结构清晰：四段式，开头引入→主体描述→个人体验→结尾总结。2. 定语从句运用出色：who was..., who put..., which are..., who is... 等多处正确使用。3. 词汇丰富：运用了prefer, gifted, composer, put all one's soul into, touch one's heart, universal language, young and old等本单元核心表达。4. 语法正确：定语从句关系代词使用准确，时态搭配合理。5. 词数约140词，内容充实，主题突出。单词词性音标中文释义教材出处/用法提示classicaladj./ˈklæsɪkl/古典的classical music (L1)folkadj./n./fəʊk/民间的；民族folk music (L1)popadj./n./pɒp/流行的；流行音乐pop music (L1)jazzn./dʒæz/爵士乐jazz music (L1)rockn./adj./rɒk/摇滚乐；摇滚的rock music (L1)rapn./ræp/说唱音乐rap music (L1)preferv./prɪˈfɜː(r)/更喜欢；偏好I prefer music that... (L1)commentv./n./ˈkɒment/评论；评价comment on the music (L1)energeticadj./ˌenəˈdʒetɪk/充满活力的music that is energetic (L2)lyricsn./ˈlɪrɪks/歌词beautiful lyrics (L1)单词词性音标中文释义教材出处/用法提示instrumentn./ˈɪnstrəmənt/乐器；仪器musical instrument (L2)keyboardn./ˈkiːbɔːd/键盘use of the keyboard (L2)erhun./ˈəːˈhuː/二胡Chinese instrument erhu (L2)pipan./ˈpiːpə/琵琶use of the pipa (L2)performancen./pəˈfɔːməns/表演；演出a great performance (L2)performv./pəˈfɔːm/表演；演奏perform on stage (L5)imaginationn./ɪˌmædʒɪˈneɪʃn/想象力use your imagination (L2)concertn./ˈkɒnsət/音乐会a great concert (L2)单词词性音标中文释义教材出处/用法提示geniusn./ˈdʒiːniəs/天才A genius! (L4)pianistn./ˈpɪənɪst/钢琴家a great pianist (L4)giftedadj./ˈɡɪftɪd/有天赋的a gifted composer (L4)composern./kəmˈpəʊzə(r)/作曲家a great composer (L4)outdov./aʊtˈduː/超过；胜过outdid his teachers (L4)widenv./ˈwaɪdn/拓宽；扩大widen his experience (L4)characteristicn./adj./ˌkærəktəˈrɪstɪk/特征；特点an important characteristic (L4)单词词性音标中文释义教材出处/用法提示valuableadj./ˈvæljuəbl/有价值的；珍贵的a valuable art form (L4)nationn./ˈneɪʃn/国家；民族build a nation (L4)dividedadj./dɪˈvaɪdɪd/分裂的a nation divided (L4)souln./səʊl/灵魂；心灵with all your soul (L4)friendshipn./ˈfrendʃɪp/友谊the ideal of friendship (L5)chime-bellsn./ˈtʃaɪm belz/编钟the chime-bell set (L7)unearthv./ʌnˈɜːθ/挖掘；发掘unearth the instrument (L7)marquisn./ˈmɑːkwɪs/侯爵Marquis Yi of Zeng (L7)craftv./krɑːft/精心制作craft the bells (L7)provincialadj./prəˈvɪnʃl/省的provincial museum (L7)arrangev./əˈreɪndʒ/排列；布置arrange the bells (L7)短语中文释义教材原句/例句教学提示dance to随着……跳舞/舞蹈dance to the rhythm (L5)dance to + 音乐/节奏，to为介词sing along to跟着……一起唱sing along to the music (L5)sing along to + 歌曲/音乐look down on看不起；轻视some people looked down on it (L4)look down on + n./pron.，含贬义hats off致敬；脱帽致敬Hats off, gentlemen! (L4)表示敬意，可单独使用put all your soul into it全心全意投入Put all your soul into it! (L4)soul意为灵魂、心灵；强调全力以赴young and old老少；男女老少loved by everyone, young and old (L5)表示年龄范围广，所有年龄段be responsible for对……负责be responsible for our own works (L6)responsible + for + n./doingbe full of充满……music which is full of joy (L2)full of + n.，表充满某种情感/特质be made of由……制成（看得出材料）The instrument was made of bronze. (L7)能看出原料用ofbe made from由……制成（看不出材料）The paper is made from wood. (L7)看不出原料用fromplay an important role in在……中起重要作用Music plays an important role in our lives. (L6)role + in + n./doingtouch one's heart触动某人的心music that touches me (L2)touch + sb's + heart，表感动sing along with和……一起唱sing along with friends (L1)注意与sing along to的细微区别call home把……当作家园the city that he would call home (L4)call + 地点 + homekeep going继续前行；坚持下去helped them keep going (L4)keep + doing/going，表持续教材原句中文翻译分析I love music that tells a story.我喜欢能讲述故事的音乐。that指物music，在从句中作主语I prefer music that/which is full of joy and celebration.我更喜欢充满欢乐和庆祝的音乐。that/which指物music，作主语I like musicians who are creative.我喜欢有创造力的音乐家。who指人musicians，在从句中作主语We want to find out the kind of music (that/which) everyone likes.我们想了解每个人都喜欢的音乐种类。that/which指物music，在从句中作宾语，可省略He is a shy boy who finds it difficult to talk to others.他是一个觉得与人交谈困难的害羞男孩。who指人boy，在从句中作主语教材原句中文翻译分析We want to find out the kind of music (that/which) everyone likes.我们想了解每个人都喜欢的音乐种类。that/which在从句中作宾语，可省略He is the musician (that/who) I admire most.他是我最钦佩的音乐家。that/who在从句中作宾语，可省略英文中文翻译I like music that has beautiful lyrics.我喜欢有优美歌词的音乐。I prefer music that I can dance to.我更喜欢能随着跳舞的音乐。What kind of music do you like?你喜欢什么类型的音乐？英文中文翻译I love music which is energetic!我喜欢充满活力的音乐！I prefer music that touches me.我更喜欢能触动我的音乐。I like musicians who play different kinds of music.我喜欢演奏不同类型音乐的音乐家。英文中文翻译I love traditional music that/which tells a story.我喜欢能讲述故事的传统音乐。I like musicians who are creative.我喜欢有创造力的音乐家。He is a shy boy who finds it difficult to talk to others.他是一个觉得与人交谈困难的害羞男孩。英文中文翻译When Schumann first heard a work which was written by young Chopin, he said, "Hats off, gentlemen! A genius!"当舒曼第一次听到年轻的肖邦写的作品时，他说：“先生们，脱帽致敬！一个天才！”He was also a gifted composer who left behind more than 200 musical works.他还是一位天才作曲家，留下了200多部音乐作品。His music encouraged his people and helped them keep going through years of difficulty.他的音乐鼓舞了他的人民，帮助他们在艰难岁月中继续前行。英文中文翻译Boya was a gifted musician. He played the guqin with all his soul.伯牙是一位有天赋的音乐家。他全心全意地弹奏古琴。The story shows the Chinese ideal of friendship.这个故事展现了中国对友谊的理想。Emma could sing along to all the performer's songs.艾玛能跟着唱这位歌手的所有歌曲。英文中文翻译Music plays an important role in my life.音乐在我的生活中扮演着重要角色。The song makes me feel happy and relaxed.这首歌让我感到快乐和放松。Jack's father showed him how to play the guitar.杰克的父亲教他如何弹吉他。英文中文翻译The discovery of the chime-bell set surprised the world.编钟的发现震惊了世界。The instrument was played at important festivals and great celebrations in ancient times.这种乐器在古代重要的节日和盛大庆典上被演奏。Music is the universal language of humanity.音乐是全人类共通的语言。