2027年高考英语人教版一轮复习教材单元复习练习 015-必修 第三册-UNIT 4 SPACE EXPLORATION（教用）

这是一份2027年高考英语人教版一轮复习教材单元复习练习 015-必修 第三册-UNIT 4 SPACE EXPLORATION（教用），共11页。
UNIT 4 SPACE EXPLORATION
（主题：人与自然——地球与宇宙奥秘探索）
教材回顾·自主学习
Mankind is explring space in the hpe f 1. （find） ut mre secrets f the universe. Explring space is bth dangerus 2. challenging, but the desire 3. （explre） the universe never dies.
On 4 Octber 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite 4. （launch） by the USSR and successfully rbited arund Earth. Afterwards, Yuri Gagarin became the first persn in the wrld 5. （g） int space. On 20 July 1969, American astrnaut Neil Armstrng 6. （step） nt the mn, famusly saying, “That's ne small step fr man, ne giant leap fr mankind.”
China has made great prgress in explring space in a shrt time. In 2003, Yang Liwei was sent int space successfully 7. rbited Earth in the Shenzhu 5 spacecraft, making China becme the third cuntry in the wrld t 8. （independent） send humans int space.
Peple will cntinue t explre this final frntier. This is 9. they believe in the imprtance f carrying 10. space explratin despite the huge risks.
[答案]
1．finding
2．and
3．t explre
4．was launched
5．t g
6．stepped
7．wh
8．independently
9．because
10．n
词句精讲·核心突破
1 disappinted adj.失望的；沮丧的→disappint v.使失望；使沮丧 disappinting adj.令人失望的 disappintment n.失望；沮丧
·be disappinted at/with/abut sth. 对某事物感到失望
be disappinted t d sth. 因做某事感到失望
be disappinted that... 对……感到失望
·（much） t ne's disappintment 令某人（非常）失望的是
① T ur _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ , the Mars missin failed, yet this _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ result wn't leave us _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ fr lng—new stars still await ur explratin.（disappint）
[答案]disappintment； disappinting； disappinted
② Jhn was disappinted t fail the math exam. He wuldn't like t talk t his parents abut it.
→_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ , Jhn wuldn't like t talk t his parents abut it.（形容词短语作状语）
[答案]Disappinted t fail the math exam
③ 令她失望的是，她没有获得一等奖，这使她情绪非常低落。（情感描写）
→_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ , which made her very depressed.（disappintment n.）
→_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ , which made her very depressed.（what引导主语从句, disappint v.）
[答案]T her disappintment, she did nt win first prize； What disappinted her was that she did nt win first prize
2 desire n.渴望；欲望 vt.渴望；期望→desirable adj.理想的；可取的；值得做的
·have a desire t d sth. 渴望做某事
have a desire fr sth. 渴望得到某物
·desire （sb.） t d sth. 渴望（某人）做某事
desire that...（shuld） d... 渴望……
① These days mdern sprts fans have a strng desire _ _ _ _ a gd view and cmfrtable seats while watching sprts events.
[答案]fr
② Parents desire their children _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （explre） nature, and it is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （desire） that such experiences enrich their yung minds greatly.
[答案]t explre； desirable
③ 得知你很想学好英语，我想给你一些建议。（建议信）
Learning that yu _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ , I'd like t ffer yu sme suggestins.
[答案]have a strng desire/strngly desire t learn English well
3 lack n.缺乏；短缺 vt.没有；缺乏→lacking adj.缺少的；没有的
·（a）lack f... 缺少……
fr lack f... 因缺少……
·lack sth. 缺少某物
·be lacking in... 缺少……
① Thugh _ _ _ _ _ _ （lack） mney, they still managed t have a great time n their camping trip by being creative with their resurces.
[答案]lacking
② One disadvantage f living in the twn is a lack _ _ _ _ safe places fr children t play.
[答案]f
③ 由于缺乏自信和经验,简完全不知道该如何应付即将到来的面试。
→_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ,Jane was quite at a lss as t hw t deal with the upcming interview.（介词短语作状语）
→_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ,Jane was quite at a lss as t hw t deal with the upcming interview.（形容词短语作状语）
→_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ,Jane was quite at a lss as t hw t deal with the upcming interview.（现在分词短语作状语）
[答案]Fr lack f cnfidence and experience； Lacking in cnfidence and experience； Lacking cnfidence and experience
4 argue vt.& vi.论证；争辩；争论→argument n.争论；争吵；论点
·argue fr/against... 为赞成/反对……而据理力争
argue with sb. abut/ver sth. 因某事与某人争辩
argue sb. int/ut f ding sth. 说服某人做/不做某事
argue that... 主张……
·beynd argument 无可争辩的
① The wrkers, wh argued _ _ _ _ their wn rights, argued _ _ _ _ the bss fr a few days, but failed t argue him _ _ _ _ giving them a pay rise because the bss insisted that it was beynd _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （argue） that their pay had already been OK.
[答案]fr； with； int； argument
② 我认为，定期锻炼有助于在我们忙碌的日常生活中强健体魄、振奋精神。（倡议书）
I _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ and lift spirits in ur busy daily life.
[答案]argue that regular exercise can help strengthen bdies
5 attach vt.系，绑，贴；认为有重要性（或意义、价值、分量等），重视→attached adj.依恋的，爱慕的；所附的 attachment n.依恋；（用电子邮件发送的）附件
· 把……附在……上；把……固定在……上
attach （great） imprtance/value t （ding） sth. 认为（做）某事（很）有重要性/（很）有价值
·be attached t 附属于；喜欢，依恋
① When yu send an e-mail, yu can als send a file as an_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （attach） and that file can be a graphic, a prgram, r whatever.
[答案]attachment
② The fitness tracker _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （attach） t his wrist shws hw he is deeply attached _ _ _ _ his daily running rutine fr better health.
[答案]attached； t
③ 现在正是我们重视合作探索外太空，试图揭开遥远宇宙奥秘的时候了。（倡议书）
It's high time that _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ,trying t unlck the secrets f the distant universe.
[答案]we attached/shuld attach great significance t wrking tgether t explre uter space
6 result in 导致；造成
·result frm... 随……产生;因……发生
·as a result f 由于
as a result 结果
withut result 毫无结果；徒劳
·拓展表示“导致”的词汇还有cause、lead t、bring abut、give rise t、cntribute t、accunt fr等。
用result短语的适当形式完成下面语段
Bad habits in ur daily lives, such as staying up late and eating junk fd, ften ①_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ a lack f self-discipline. ②_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ these bad habits, ur health may get wrse and wrse. As a matter f fact, we may have tried varius methds t change these habits, but ③_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . ④_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ , we have t live a hard and unhealthy life.
[答案]result frm； As a result f； withut result； As a result
同义句转换
⑤ Their success in the cntest resulted frm mnths f hard training and clse teamwrk.
→_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .（result in）
[答案]Mnths f hard training and clse teamwrk resulted in their success in the cntest
7 run ut 用完；耗尽
·run acrss 偶然见（或看到）
run after 追求;追逐
run int 撞上;偶然遇见；遇到（困难等）
·易混辨析
① Many f us spend ur days running _ _ _ _ prfessinal success, cnstantly checking emails and meeting deadlines.
[答案]after
② He ran _ _ _ _ _ _ sme ld phtgraphs f his grandparents when he was cleaning the basement.
[答案]acrss
③ Teenagers may run _ _ _ _ many prblems and it is a relief fr them t be able t talk t smene wh understands their prblems.
[答案]int
④ 戴维的精力就要耗尽了，但当他听到其他孩子热烈欢呼时，他坚持冲向终点线。
→David's energy was _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ,but when he heard lud cheers frm the ther kids, he stuck t his way twards the finishing line.
→David was _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ his energy,but when he heard lud cheers frm the ther kids, he stuck t his way twards the finishing line.
[答案]running/giving ut； running ut f/using up
8 On 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first persn in the wrld t g int space. 1961年4月12日，尤里·加加林成为世界上第一个进入太空的人。
句型公式：the d sth.第一个/第二个/最后一个做某事的……
·当中心词是序数词、形容词最高级、the next、the nly、the last等或中心词被这类词修饰时,常用不定式作后置定语。
·动词不定式（短语）作定语常用来修饰抽象名词,这类词常见的有ability、chance、ambitin、ffer、anxiety、attempt等。
① China was the first cuntry _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （invent） the cmpass, which, in ancient times, guided many travelers acrss vast lands safely.
[答案]t invent
② 我是唯一一个在公园里发现那只受伤的小鸟的人，我把它带回家喂食照料。（人与动物）
I _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ in the park, and I tk it hme t feed and care fr.
[答案]was the nly persn t find the little injured bird
③ [2023·全国乙]多亏了这次长假，我才有机会学习游泳，这是一次有益的经历。（学习经历）
Thanks t the lng hliday, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .
[答案]I had a chance t learn hw t swim, which is a rewarding experience
基础达标·巩固训练
一、核心知识训练
1．[2025·全国一]Mving gds and peple arund the wrld is respnsible fr a large part f _ _ _ _ _ _ （glbe） CO2 emissins（排放）.
[答案]glbal
2．[2025·全国一]I began t recall the lk n my brther's that day—hurt, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （disappint）, and silent.
[答案]disappinted
3．[2025·全国二]The well-liked grandma _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （regular） psts wrkut cntent, explaining there's n reasn thers can't lk this gd.
[答案]regularly
4．[2025·全国一]One lng-term ptin fr sustainable fuel fr planes is t make hydrcarbns frm _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （recycle） air.
[答案]recycled
5．[2025·全国二]_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （determine） t turn her life arund, Ms Dnhue began t wrk ut and fllw a healthy lifestyle, befre discvering a passin fr weightlifting.
[答案]Determined
6．[2024·北京]Our scial instincts（本能） include the intense desire _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （belng）.
[答案]t belng
7．[2024·全国甲]It was my junir year f undergraduate, and I was ding an _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （independence） study n Victrian literature.
[答案]independent
8．[2024·新课标Ⅱ]She says it is essential that we keep cntrl f artificial _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （intelligent）, r risk being sidelined and perhaps even wrse.
[答案]intelligence
9．[2023·新课标Ⅰ]When enugh f these errrs are averaged tgether, they cancel each ther ut, resulting _ _ _ _ a mre accurate estimate.
[答案]in
10．[2022·浙江6月]High levels f knwledge can make peple t _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （attach） t traditinal ways f viewing prblems acrss fields—the arts, sciences, and plitics.
[答案]attached
二、一词多义/熟词生义
1．从方框中选择下列句子中加黑词汇的汉语意思。
（1） launch
① [2024·新课标Ⅱ]Riders have printed nearly 20,000 shrt stries and pems since the prgram was launched last March._ _ _ _
② This cmpany successfully launched their smartphne in the market last week._ _ _ _
③ Scientists will launch a new satellite next mnth t study climate change, rbiting Earth fr vital data cllectin._ _ _ _
④ He launched his wn business last year and it has been very successful._ _ _ _
（2） current
① [2024·新课标Ⅱ]As we sn cme t learn frm AI by Design, AI is already super-smart and will becme mre capable, mving frm the current generatin f “narrw-AI” t Artificial General Intelligence._ _ _ _
② These birds are masters f flight, saring fr hurs n end withut flapping their wings by riding the cean currents._ _ _ _
③ These special cins are still current mney in several natins, circulating alngside mdern bills fr daily trade._ _ _ _
④ Jining the current t reduce plastic use, ur cmmunity replaced 10,000 bags with clth nes—a wave f change launched by students._ _ _ _
[答案]
① C
② D
③ A
④ B
（2） ① A
② C
③ B
④ D
2．阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的词性和汉语意思。
① These latest develpments argue a change in gvernment plicy._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
② “We flated the idea t my mum f sharing a huse,”says Kathryn Whitehead._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
③ The barman gave free drinks t the regulars at Christmas._ _ _ _ _ _
④ [2022·新高考Ⅰ]David had a brain disease which prevented him frm walking r running like ther children，but at schl his classmates thught f him as a regular kid._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
[答案]
① v.证明，表明
② v.提出；提请考虑
③ n.常客
④ adj.正常的；普通的
写作提能·综合运用
一、应用文写作（太空探索，投稿）
你校校报计划增设一期英语专栏，介绍人类对宇宙的探索。请你根据提示，写一篇英语短文投稿。
（1）人类渴望探索宇宙；
（2）做出的努力：发射了很多卫星，派宇航员进入太空，在宇宙飞船上进行科学实验；
（3）重视宇宙的探索，弄清楚未知的问题。
Mankind 1. （渴望探索宇宙以更多地了解它）. Till nw, many satellites have been launched t rbit arund the Earth. Astrnauts have been sent t space by spacecraft and2. （进行了太空行走）. They 3. （在飞船上进行科学实验） and cllect sufficient data. Meanwhile, sme analyses can be transmitted t the Earth.
Hwever, 4. （由于资源有限）, many mysteries abut space remain unreslved. This reality highlights the challenges we face in ur quest fr knwledge.
Therefre, it is crucial fr mankind t 5. （更加重视太空探索）.By cmmitting t this missin, we can gradually 6. （弄清楚未知的事物） and unlck the secrets f the universe.
[答案]
1．desires/has a desire t explre the universe in the hpe f knwing mre abut it/s as t knw mre abut it
2．have carried n spacewalks
3．d scientific experiments n bard
4．as a result f limited resurces
5．attach greater imprtance t space explratin
6．figure ut the unknwn
二、读后续写
面部动作——看
[答案]was scanning the classrm； With her eyes fixed n the cellphne； Mary lifted her eyes slwly； she lked int the teacher's eyesrun ut f
是及物动词短语，通常以人作主语，相当于use up，表示“用完；耗尽”
run ut
是不及物动词短语，通常以物作主语，相当于give ut，表示“用完；耗尽”
give ut
可表示物“用完”或“耗尽”，还表示“发出（热、光等）；分发；宣布”等
use up
是及物动词短语，表示“耗尽；用完”
A.v.发射（卫星等） B.v.创办 C.v.发动，发起
D.v.（首次）上市
A.adj.现在的；当前的 B.adj.流通的
C.n.水流，气流 D.n.潮流，趋向
语料积累
lk vi. 看 see v. 看见 watch v. 观看 scan vt. 扫视
ntice v. 注意到 recgnize vt. 认出 stare at 凝视
glare at 怒视 wink at 朝……眨眼
glance rund 环视 catch sight f 看见
cme int sight/view 进入视线
fix ne's eyes n 盯着
cast a glance/glimpse at 向……瞥一眼
ne's eyes fall n 目光落在……上
eyes widen/are wide 瞪大眼睛
glance back ver ne's shulder 回头瞥一眼
lift/drp ne's eyes 抬起/垂下眼睛
lk sb. in the eye/face=lk int ne's eyes 直视某人，正视某人
语料运用
The teacher 1._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （正扫视着教室） when he nticed Mary. 2._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （她的眼睛一直盯着手机）, it was nt until the teacher patted her n the shulder that Mary realized he was standing in frnt f her. 3._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （玛丽慢慢抬起眼睛）, met the teacher's, paused fr a mment, and then drpped. Finally, 4._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （她直视着老师） and tld him the truth.