新人教版必修第三册 Unit 4 Space Exploration 知识清单+高考真题（原卷版+解析版）【2026年新人教高考英语一轮复习教材梳理学案】

这是一份新人教版必修第三册 Unit 4 Space Exploration 知识清单+高考真题（原卷版+解析版）【2026年新人教高考英语一轮复习教材梳理学案】，文件包含新人教版必修第三册Unit4SpaceExploration知识清单+高考真题原卷版2026年新人教高考英语一轮复习教材梳理学案docx、新人教版必修第三册Unit4SpaceExploration知识清单+高考真题解析版2026年新人教高考英语一轮复习教材梳理学案docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共49页， 欢迎下载使用。

课文复述，语境识词
课文语法填空
Cuntries arund the glbe are spending billins f dllars and lts f time n varius space missins, whether t Mars ______1____ ther planets much further away. Sme peple argue that we shuld stp _____2______(waste) time and mney explring space. Instead, we shuld feed the wrld's pr and find immediate slutins t ther prblems, such as pllutin and fatal diseases. Hwever thers feel this is a shallw view which fails t realise nw explring space helps us.
Firstly, explring space has already made a difference in the fight _____3______ wrld hunger. It has directly resulted in the many satellites that nw rbit Earth. A number f the satellites recrd data n land and weather patterns. Then the data is transmitted t scientists n Earth. After careful analysis, the scientists can prvide ______4_____(use) recmmendatins and advice fr farmers. As a result, space-based science has helped farming in its effrts t grw enugh fd t feed Earth' s increasing ppulatin.
Secndly, space explratin has already prmted technlgical imprvements that benefit us all. High-end prducts arund the wrld _____5______(make) t a higher standard nw because f advanced technlgy which was first created t meet the requirements fr space explratin. Fr example , space technlgies have helped the research and develpment f different types f new material. They have als helped cmpanies make better heart mnitrs and ther machines that dctrs ______6______(regular) use. Tday, space technlgies are widely used in all kinds f industries, and everyday prducts such as GPS, memry fam pillws, and smartphne cameras are changing ur lives.
Finally, ______7_____(send) astrnauts int space has helped peple t think abut the wrld's prblems and even t find ways t slve them. Seeing pictures f ur planet as an island in a black sea made peple realise that ur planets resurces ___8_______(be)limited. In rder t prvide fr such a rapidly increasing ppulatin, scientists are trying t find ther planets _____9_____ culd ne day be ur new hme. The greatest attentin at present is n Mars because it is clser t Earth. In the future humans may live n bth planets.
In clsing, explring space prvides the wrld with many different _____10_____(benefit). Therefre, it shuld cntinue s as t prvide new and better slutins t peple's shrt-term and lng-term prblems.
考点透析
知识点
1.disappinted adj. 失望的;沮丧的;失意的
[教材原句] These disasters made everyne sad and disappinted,but the desire t explre the universe never died.(P41)这些灾难使每个人都感到悲伤和失望,但探索宇宙的欲望从未泯灭。
[归纳点拨]
【即时练】[单句语法填空]
(1)D nt be ______ (disappint) if yu have t try several times befre yu finally stp smking.
(2)Our results in this market have been rather ______ (disappint) cmpared with last year.
(3)Only a few peple were in supprt f his plan,which made him very ______ (disappint).
④We nticed a ______ (disappint) lk n his face because he didn't pass the driving test.
⑤As the twins lked arund them in ______ (disappint), their father appeared.
⑥Thugh the result is kind f ______ , and I feel ______ ，I still believe yu can d it much better.(disappint)
⑦Mary was very disappinted ______ (see) the washing machine she had had repaired went wrng again.
完成句子
让我们非常失望的是，这次旅行中的每一天都下雨。
⑧_________________ ,it rained every day f the trip.
【高考真题链接】
（2024·浙江卷·语法填空）
We were ________ (disappint) t learn that the launch f the new satellite wuld be delayed due t bad weather.
（2025·全国I卷·选择题）
The ________ news that the space statin supply missin succeeded made everyne cheer.
A. disappinting B. disappinted C. excite D. exciting
（2023·天津卷·翻译）
当得知自己入选太空训练计划时，他掩饰不住内心的激动与失望。
2.desire n.渴望;欲望 vt. 渴望;期望
[教材原句] These disasters made everyne sad and disappinted,but the desire t explre the universe never died.(P41)这些灾难使每个人都感到悲伤和失望,但探索宇宙的欲望从未泯灭。
【词块必记】
【即时练】
[单句语法填空]
①There is a strng desire ________ peace amng the peple.
②Several peple have expressed a desire ________ (see) the reprt.
③If yu desire ________ (challenge) yurself, there is nthing t d with thers' thughts.
④The teacher desired that all the exercises ________ (hand) in befre schl was ver.
⑤Everyne has a desire ________ success while success nly belngs t the hard-wrking peple.
⑥We desire that immediate help ________ (give) t the lcal villagers wh have been trapped by the fld.
【单句表达】 就我而言，我渴望得到这个出国深造的机会。
⑦As far as I am cncerned，I _______________ such a chance t g abrad fr further study.(desire n．)
⑧As far as I am cncerned，I __________ such a chance t g abrad fr further study.(desire v．)
⑨As far as I am cncerned，I _________ such a chance t g abrad fr further study.(desire that)
【高考真题链接】
（2023·天津卷·翻译）
无数航天人渴望用技术突破实现中国的航天梦。

（2024·新高考II卷·语法填空）
She has a strng desire ________ (becme) an astrnaut, s she keeps training hard every day.
（2025·江苏卷·选择题）
The scientists desired that mre funds ________ t the Mars sample return missin.
be allcated B. allcate C. allcated D. are allcated
3.signal vt.& vi.标志着;标明;发信号 n.信号;标志
[教材原句] This signalled ne step further in China’s plan t establish a space statin in the future.(P41) 这标志着中国建立空间站的计划又向前迈进了一步。
【考点必记】
(1)signal (t) sb t d sth示意某人做某事
signal (sb) that示意……
signal sth t sb向某人示意……
traffic signals交通信号灯
【即时练】
单句语法填空
①Chest pains can be a warning signal ________ heart prblems.
②She signalled ________ Ted that she was mving frward.
③The bell rang, which signalled that schl was ver.
④She signalled (signal) that she was abut t turn left.
⑤The pliceman sptted that I didn't fasten my seat belt and signalled me t stp (stp)．
(2)完成句子
⑥At the crner f the street, an ld man is signalling (t) the pupils t g first.
在大街拐角处，一位老人在示意小学生们先走。
【高考真题链接】
（2024·全国乙卷·语法填空）
The sudden change in the satellite’s signal ________ (signal) that there might be a technical failure.
（2025·浙江卷·选择题）
The captain ________ the crew t prepare fr landing when the spaceship entered the atmsphere. A. signalled B. suggested C. rdered D. asked
（2023·新高考I卷·翻译）
地面团队通过特殊信号向空间站的宇航员传递了紧急指令。
4.lack vi.& vt.缺乏;没有 n.缺乏;短缺的东西
[教材原句] Astrnauts’ bnes and muscles can get very weak in space due t the lack f gravity,s they need t exercise every day,which will help them stay healthy.(P42) 宇航员的骨骼和肌肉会由于缺乏重力而在太空中变得非常脆弱,所以他们每天都需要锻炼,这有助于他们保持健康。
【考点必记】
(1)(a) lack f...缺少……
fr lack f...由于缺乏……
(2)lack(fr) sth缺乏/需要某事物
(3)lacking adj.缺乏的;缺少的
be lacking in sth缺少某物
[名师点津]
lack作名词时常与介词f连用;作动词时可作及物动词直接加宾语(不能用于被动语态和进行时),也可作不及物动词,后常与介词fr连用;形容词lacking常与in连用。
【即时练】
①Lack ________ talent and time is n reasn fr taking n actin.
②Thugh ________ (lack)mney,his parents managed t send him t a university.
③In Africa, millins f peple have t drink unsafe water ________ lack f clean drinking water.
④Althugh ________ (lack) the supprt f the banks, Mike managed t save his cmpany with the help f his friends.
⑤ The real truble lies in their lack________ cnfidence in their abilities.
(2)词汇复现(替换加蓝词汇)
⑥It's nt that exercise makes yu healthy; it's mre that a shrtage f exercise leaves yur bdy weak and easily affected by disease.________
[完成句子]⑦她唯一的问题是缺乏自信。
Her nly prblem is ____________________．
【高考真题链接】
（2023·新高考I卷·语法填空）
________ (lack) effective cmmunicatin, the tw teams in the space prject had different understandings f the plan.
（2024·北京卷·选择题）
The success f the space explratin depends n slving the prblem f ________ resurces.
lack B. lacking C. a lack f D. lack fr
（2025·全国II卷·翻译）
由于缺乏专业设备，这个小型实验室无法参与太空样本分析。
5.beynd prep.更远处;超出
[教材原句] Sending peple t ther planets r even beynd the slar system is nt an easy gal t achieve.(P42) 将人类送往其他行星甚至太阳系之外并不是一个容易实现的目标。
【词块必记】
beynd cntrl失控
beynd dubt不用怀疑
beynd ne’s expressin难以表达
beynd ne’s cmprehensin难以理解
beynd ne’s reach够不到
beynd ne’s pwer力所不能及
【即时练】[单句语法填空]
①The cuple has a high success rate in getting accepted as huse sitters and they always g ________ the hmewner's expectatins.
②Physics is cmpletely ________ me.
[单句表达]
③瑞典的夏天非常宜人——冬天却冷得让人难以置信。
Sweden is lvely in summer—cld ____________ in winter.
④我差一点儿才够得着把手。
The handle was just ____________________．
【高考真题链接】
（2023·浙江卷·语法填空）
The achievements f China’s space prgram have gne far ________ many peple’s imaginatin.
（2024·新课标I卷·翻译）
航天英雄的奉献精神无疑值得我们所有人尊敬。
（2025·江苏卷·选择题）
The technlgy used in the new spacecraft is ________ my knwledge, s I need t study it further.
A. beynd B. within C. abve D. belw
6.argue vt.& vi.论证;争辩;争论
[教材原句] Sme peple argue that we shuld stp wasting time and mney explring space.(P44) 有些人认为我们应该停止浪费时间和金钱去探索太空。
【词块必记】
(1)argue with sb. (abut/ver sth.) (就某事)与某人争论
argue fr/against sth. 据理赞成/反对某事
argue that ... 主张……；认为……
argue sb. int ding sth. 说服某人做某事
argue sb. ut f ding sth. 说服某人不做某事
(2)argument n. 争论；争吵；论点
beynd argument 无可争辩
[名师点津] argue 意为“坚持主张”时，后面接 that 从句，从句的谓语应用“shuld ＋动词原形”，shuld可以省略。
【即时练】
(1)单句语法填空
①They were arguing ________ which TV prgramme t watch when the pwer went ff.
②Faced with such an________ (argue), different individuals may cme t different pinins.
③She has argued that wild animals ________ (leave) in the wild and nt used fr entertainment r advertisements.
(2)完成句子
④They ________________ the way f dealing with the prblem.
他们之间就解决这个问题的办法展开讨论。
⑤I argue ________________________ t help thse in need.
我主张，我们人人都应该尽全力帮助那些需要帮助的人。
【高考真题链接】
（2024·全国甲卷·语法填空）
Many experts argue that mre attentin ________ (pay) t the mental health f astrnauts during lng space flights.
（2025·新高考I卷·选择题）
The envirnmentalist ________ against the plan f building a spaceprt here, as it may damage the lcal ecsystem.
argued B. fught C. debated D. discussed
（2023·天津卷·翻译）
他们花了整整一个下午争论是否应该继续这个高成本的太空探测项目。
7.attach vt.系;绑;贴
[教材原句] While landing,they must attach themselves t smething s as t prevent flating arund.(P46) 在着陆期间,为了阻止四处飘浮,他们必须把自己拴在某个东西上。
【词块必记】
(1)attach sth t...把某物连接到/附在……上
attach neself t依附……;缠着……
attach imprtance/significance t...重视;认为……重要/有意义
(2)attached adj.喜爱的;依恋的;附属的
be attached t被连接到……;爱慕;附属于
【即时练】[单句语法填空]
①He is attached ________ the ld ferries.
②Natasha attached ________ (she) t the film crew filming at her rphanage.
[单句表达]
③我们在把东西归档前先给它们贴上标签。
We ____________________ befre we file them away.
④我认为这项研究十分重要。
I ________________________ this research.
【高考真题链接】
（2023·全国乙卷·语法填空）
We shuld attach mre significance ________ prtecting the envirnment while develping aerspace industry.
（2024·浙江卷·翻译）
工程师们在火箭上安装了多个传感器以监测飞行过程中的各项数据。
（2025·全国I卷·选择题）
The yung researcher ________ great imprtance t the new discvery in space bilgy.
pays B. attaches C. gives D. puts
8.carry n继续做,坚持干
[教材原句] This is because peple believe in the imprtance f carrying n space explratin despite the huge risks.(P41) 这是因为人们坚信太空探索的重要性,哪怕面临巨大的风险。
[归纳点拨]
【即时练】
(1)Her bravery has given him the will t carry n ________ his life and his wrk.
(2)I tried t carry ________ a cnversatin in English,but it far exceeded my ability.
[用适当的介词填空]
(3)N matter what we d,we must carry________ ur duties.
(4)The bard f the directrs decided t carry ________ the discussin next day.
(5)The audience was carried ________ by his wnderful perfrmance.
【高考真题链接】
（2025·全国I卷·语法填空）
The scientists decided t carry ________ (n) with the space missin even thugh they faced many challenges.
（2024·天津卷·选择题）
The team ________ the experiment as planned, despite the unexpected technical prblems.
carried n B. carried ut C. carried back D. carried thrugh

（2023·新高考II卷·翻译）
在老一辈航天人的鼓励下，年轻一代决心继续探索太空的奥秘。
9.result in导致；造成
[教材原句] It has directly resulted in the many satellites that nw rbit Earth.(P44) 它直接导致了现在地球轨道上的许多卫星。
【词块必记】
(1)result frm由……造成;因……而产生
(2)as a result结果;因此
as a result f...作为……的结果
withut result没有结果;白费
【即时练】
单句语法填空
①Yu might think abut psting what yu are lking fr n scial media, but it prbably wn't result ________ a useful respnse.
②Prfits have declined as a result ________ the recent drp in sales.
③His difficulty in walking results ________ a childhd illness.
④He brke dwn cmpletely ________ a result f t much wrk.
⑤Faced with this phenmenn，we must take sme measures t deal with it; therwise, it will result________ great lsses in the future.
⑥The terrible accident resulted ________ his careless driving.
(2)词汇复现(替换加蓝词汇)
⑦There is n dubt that staying up is mre likely t lead t anxiety.________
(3)完成句子
⑧因此，这些作家从来没有习惯在草稿上划掉一大块，并在空白处写下修改稿。
____________， these writers never get in the habit f crssing ut chunks (大块) f their draft and writing revisins in the blank space.
【高考真题链接】
（2023·新高考II卷·语法填空）
The develpment f AI technlgy has resulted ________ mre efficient data prcessing in space explratin.
（2024·全国甲卷·选择题）
The serius delay ________ the bad weather, which made the space launch missin have t be rescheduled.
resulted in B. resulted frm C. led t D. cntributed t
（2025·浙江卷·翻译）
航天技术的进步不仅推动了科学发展，还带动了相关产业的繁荣。
10.run ut用完；耗尽
[教材原句]It is necessary t find a new hme fr peple in space, as the resurces n Earth will run ut.
有必要为人们在太空中找到一个新家，因为地球上的资源将会耗尽。
[归纳点拨]
[易混辨析]
【即时练】用“动词＋ut”类短语和上面短语填空
①It was a difficult time, but eventually things ____________ all right.
②He gt t ____________ all the new sftware.
③An investigatin is underway t ____________ hw the disaster happened.
④His strength ____________ after he ran that lng distance.
⑤My mney has been ____________, s I have t return hme.
⑥After three hurs climbing the muntain, her patience ____________ and didn't want t walk any further.
【高考真题链接】
（2024·浙江卷·语法填空）
Time ________ (run) ut, s we have t make a quick decisin abut the space rescue plan.
（2025·全国II卷·选择题）
The team ________ all the materials fr the spacecraft mdel, s they have t buy sme mre.
ran ut B. used up C. gave ut D. ran ut f
（2023·北京卷·翻译）
当宇航员发现饮用水即将耗尽时，他们保持冷静并向地面控制中心求助。
11．序数词后跟不定式短语作定语
[教材原句] China became the third cuntry in the wrld t independently send humans int space in 2003,when Yang Liwei successfully rbited Earth in the Shenzhu 5 spacecraft.(P41) 在2003年,杨利伟成功地在神舟五号上绕地球环行,这使中国成为世界上第三个独立将人类送入太空的国家。
[归纳点拨]
英语中常用不定式作后置定语的情况:
(1)被修饰词前有序数词、形容词最高级修饰时,常用不定式作后置定语。
(2)被修饰词前有the nly,the very,the next等词时。
(3)抽象名词time,way,ability,reasn,chance,curage,pprtunity等后常用不定式作定语。
(4)不定代词smething,nthing,little等后常用不定式作定语。
[名师点津]
(1)作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词,动词后面就要有必要的介词。
(2)如果不定式所表示的动作不是由主语发出,则不定式应使用被动语态。
[佳句背诵]
We shuld imprve peple’s envirnmental awareness s as t prtect the balance f nature.
我们应该提高人们的环保意识,以便保护生态平衡。
【即时练】 单句语法填空
①I hate being the last ne ________ (arrive) at a meeting.
②In 2017, the Bank f China pened a branch in Serbia, becming the first Chinese bank ________ (perate) in the cuntry.
单句表达
③我是家里第一个去上大学的人。
I was the first in my family ___________________________________________.
【高考真题链接】
（2023·全国甲卷·语法填空）
Yang Liwei became the first Chinese ________ (travel) in space, which is a milestne in China’s aerspace histry.
（2024·新高考I卷·翻译）
这个科研团队成为首个成功解码火星土壤样本数据的团队。
（2025·江苏卷·选择题）
He is the nly student in ur schl ________ t attend the internatinal space science frum.
invite B. inviting C. t be invited D. invited
12.s as t (d sth)为了;以便
[教材原句] Despite the huge risks thugh,peple will always cntinue t explre this final frntier s as t learn its secrets.(P41)尽管存在巨大的风险,但人们总会继续探索这个最终的前沿,以了解它的秘密。
[归纳点拨]
(1)s as t (d sth)意为“以便(做……);为了(做……)”,引导的短语在句中作目的状语。
(2)s as t=in rder t,但s as t一般不用在句首。
(3)in rder t和s as t引导的目的状语可转换为in rder that或s that引导的目的状语从句,从句中常含有情态动词。
【即时练】
单句语法填空
①Cut dwn the article s as ________ (make) it fit the space available n the paper.
②Members wrk hard s as ________(supprt) each ther and nt let the team dwn.
③We shuld make full use f every minute t wrk n this prject s ________ it may be cmpleted n schedule.
(2)一句多译
为了跟上他的同学，他刻苦学习。
④________ keep up with his classmates, he wrks hard.
⑤He wrks hard ________________ keep up with his classmates.
⑥He wrks hard ________ he can keep up with his classmates.
【高考真题链接】
1.（2024·全国乙卷·语法填空）
The space agency launched a new satellite s as ________ (enhance) the glbal navigatin system.
2.（2025·浙江卷·选择题）
________ catch the early bus t the space museum, we gt up very early in the mrning.
S as t B. In rder t C. S that D. In rder that
3.（2023·天津卷·翻译）
宇航员在太空进行了多项实验，以便为人类未来的星际旅行积累数据。
是……还是……
[教材原句] Cuntries arund the glbe are spending billins f dllars and lts f time n varius space missins,whether t Mars r ther planets much further away.(P44) 全球各国在无论是火星还是更远的其他行星的太空任务上花费了数十亿美元和大量时间。
【考点必记】
(1)意为“是……还是……”,whether表示一种选择,其后可以跟介词短语或不定式短语。
(2)意为“是……还是……”,引导名词性从句。
(3)意为“无论……还是……”,引导让步状语从句。
【即时练】
[完成句子]
(1)我不知道是接受好,还是拒绝好。
I dn’t knw __________ the ffer __________ refuse it.
(2)我不知道我们是否可以赶上最后一班公共汽车,或是只好步行回家。
I wnder __________ we shall be in time fr the last bus__________ have t walk hme.
(3)无论下不下雨,我们周六一定踢足球。
____________________,we’re playing ftball n Saturday.
【高考真题链接】
（2023·天津卷·语法填空）
The prblem is whether we can develp the technlgy ________ (r) rely n imprts fr the space statin.

（2024·新课标II卷·翻译）
无论你是对航天历史感兴趣还是对前沿技术好奇，这个展览都值得一看。
（2025·全国I卷·选择题）
________ the space turism will be ppular sn r nt is still a ht tpic.
If B. Whether C. That D. What
语法点
Grammar 不定式的用法
一、不定式的时态和语态
1．不定式的形式
不定式有六种形式，以 write 为例，列表如下：
2.使用情况
(1)一般式：不定式的动作与谓语动作同时发生或在谓语动作之后发生。
He seems t knw this.
他似乎了解这件事。
(2)进行式：不定式的动作与谓语动作同时发生，并强调动作的持续性或正在进行。
He pretended t be wrking hard.＝He pretended that he was wrking hard.
他假装干得很卖力。
When he came in, I happened t be reading the nvel.
他进来时，我碰巧正在读小说。
(3)完成式：不定式的动作发生在谓语动作之前或已经发生。
I am srry t have given yu s much truble.
给你添了这么多麻烦真抱歉。
She is said t have just cmpleted a nvel.
据说她刚完成一部小说。
(4)完成进行式：强调不定式的动作从过去某一时刻起一直持续到某一时刻，强调动作的持续性，不强调结果。
The rain was said t have been falling fr a week.据说雨已下一周了。
He was happy t have been staying with his uncle.他很高兴一直跟他叔叔住在一起。
(5)被动式：不定式的逻辑主语是不定式动作的承受者。
She felt puzzled t be asked such a questin.被问了这样一个问题，她很疑惑。
The factry t be built here next year is a car factry.明年在这里建的工厂是一家汽车制造厂。
二、不定式的语法功能
不定式在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾补。高考侧重考查不定式作定语、宾语、状语和宾补的用法。
1．不定式作定语
(1)不定式作定语通常要放在被修饰词的后面，往往表示将要发生的动作。
The weather will be sunny in the days t cme.
未来几天将是晴天。
(2)中心词是序数词、形容词最高级、the last/the nly/the next 或被这些词修饰时，用不定式作定语。
Zhang Jian is the first Chinese t swim acrss the Bhai Sea.
张健是第一个横渡渤海的中国人。
He was the nly ne t finish the task n time.
他是唯一一个按时完成任务的人。
(3)抽象名词 time, way, reasn, chance, curage, pprtunity, ability 等后以及不定代词 smething, nthing, little 等后常用不定式作定语。
A subway is an effective way t slve traffic prblems in a big city.
地铁是解决大城市交通问题的有效方法。
(4)“there be＋主语＋t d”和 have sth. t d 结构中，不定式也作后置定语。
There is nthing t wrry abut.没什么可担心的。
He has a lt f wrk t d tday.今天他有大量的活要干。
2．不定式作状语
(1)作目的状语。可位于句首或句末，其前可加 in rder/s as，但 s as t 不可位于句首。
I gt up early (in rder) t catch the 6：30 train.我早起是为了赶那趟六点半的火车。
(2)作原因状语。
I am glad t see yu.见到你很高兴。
He smiled t think f a clever plan.想到了一个聪明的计划，他笑了。
(3)作结果状语，表示出人意料或不太好的结果，常与 nly 连用；而现在分词作结果状语则表示自然而然的结果。
I hurried t the pst ffice, nly t find it clsed.我急忙赶到邮局，结果发现邮局关门了。
【单句语法填空】
1. The kind wman is easy ______ (get) alng with and we all like her.
2. Her wrds made me ______ (feel) like I was a cheat.
3. Why nt ______ (have) a talk with yur father and tell him the truth?
4. I’m srry ______ (keep) yu waiting there fr such a lng time.
5. Her wrk is ______ (take) gd care f these pr children.
6. When summer cmes, they will invite their students ______ (pick) the fresh vegetables.
7. He wuld ask wh we were and pretend ______ (nt, knw) us.
8. He will be asked ______ (help) yu tmrrw.
9. I heard a passenger behind me shuting t the driver, but he refused ______ (stp) until we reached the nest stp.
10. After schl we went t the reading rm t d sme reading, nly ______ (tell) that it was being decrated.
11. While I tend ______ (buy) a lt f bks, these three were given t me as gifts, which might add t the meaning I attach t them.
12. But remember, it’s yu that have ______ (grw) and read and reread in rder t better understand yur friends.
13. In fact, anyne wishing t try race walking shuld prbably first cnsult a cach r experienced race ______ (learn) prper technique, she says.
14. We’re thinking abut hw we can engineer plants ______ (replace) functins f the things that we use every day.
15. The technlgy, Stran said, culd ne day be used ______ (light) the rms r even t turn trees int self-pwered street lamps.
16. A husewarming party is a special party ______ (hld) when smene buys r mves int a new apartment r huse.
17. Jennifer Mauer has needed mre willpwer than the typical cllege student ______ (pursue) her gal f earning a nursing degree.
18. She decided t g back t cllege ______ (advance) her career and t be able t better supprt her family while ding smething she lves: nursing.
【高考真题链接】
2025·全国I卷·语法填空（不定式作定语+被动）
题目：The prject ________ (launch) next year t explre the Jupiter will attract glbal attentin.
2. 2024·新高考I卷·选择题（不定式作宾补+主动被动）
题目：The cach ________ the athletes ________ fr the space simulatin training.
made; prepare B. made; t prepare C. asked; prepare D. asked; t prepare
3. 2023·浙江卷·语法填空（不定式作目的状语）
题目：Scientists are develping AI ________ (help) astrnauts deal with emergency situatins in space.
4. 2025·新高考II卷·翻译题（不定式作结果状语+原因状语）
题目：我们满怀期待地观看航天直播，却遗憾地发现发射因天气原因推迟了。
5. 2024·天津卷·选择题（不定式时态+逻辑关系）
题目：The astrnaut is reprted ________ the space statin fr 6 mnths by the end f this year.
t have stayed B. t stay C. t be staying D. t have been staying
重
点
单
词
1.lack n. 缺乏;短缺 vt. 没有;缺乏
2.keen adj. 热衷的;渴望的
3.desire n. 渴望;欲望 vt. 渴望;期望
4.signal vt.&vi. 标志着;标明;发信号 n. 信号;标志
5.beynd prep. 在更远处;超出
6.flat vi. 浮动;漂流;漂浮
vt. 使浮动;使漂流
7.launch vt.&n. 发射;发起;上市
8.leap n. 跳跃;剧增;剧变 vi.&vt. 跳过;跃过→leapt/leaped/leapt/leaped/leaping (过去式/过去分词/现在分词)
9.shallw adj. 肤浅的;浅的
10.facility n. 设施;设备
11.therwise adv. 否则;要不然
12.recycle vt. 回收利用;再利用
13.prcedure n. 程序;步骤;手续
14.resurce n. 资源;财力;物力
15.mnitr n. 监视器;监测仪
vt. 监视;监测;监控
16.pattern n. 模式;图案;模范
17.rbit n. (环绕地球、太阳等运行的)轨道;势力范围
vt.&vi. 沿轨道运行;环绕……运行
18.data n. (pl.)资料;数据
19.slar adj. 太阳的;太阳能的
20.transmit vt.& vi. 传输;发送
21.muscle n. 肌肉;实力;影响力
22.tissue n. 纸巾;(人、动植物细胞的)组织
23.xygen n. 氧;氧气
24.gravity n. 重力;引力
25.frntier n. 边境;国界;边远地区
26.vehicle n. 交通工具;车辆
27.mankind n. 人类
28.agency n. (政府的)专门机构;服务机构;代理处
29.high⁃end adj. 高端的
词
汇
拓
展
1.attach vt. 系;绑;贴→attached adj. 附加的;附属的;依恋的
2.limited adj. 有限的→limit n. 限制;局限→(反)limitless adj. 无限的→limitatin n.限制;限度
3.argue vt.& vi. 论证;争辩;争论→argument n. 争论;争吵;论点→arguable adj. 可论证的
4.determined adj. 有决心的;意志坚定的→determinatin n.决心→determine vt. 查明;确定;决定
5.disappinted adj. 失望的;沮丧的→disappinting adj. 令人失望的→disappint vt. 使失望→disappintment n. 失望
6.independently adv. 独立地;自立地→independence n. 独立→independent adj. 独立的;自主的→depend v. 依靠;依赖
7.regularly adv. 经常;定期地→regular adj. 定期的;有规律的→(反) irregular adj. 不规则的;不规律的
8.analysis n. (对事物的)分析;分析结果→(pl.) analyses→analyze v. 分析→analyst n. 分析家
9.mental adj. 精神的;思想的→mentally adv. 精神上;心理上
10.intelligent adj. 有智慧的;聪明的;有智力的→intelligence n. 聪明;智慧
11.universe n. 宇宙;天地万物→universal adj. 普遍的→universally adv. 普遍地
12.mystery n. 神秘事物;谜→mysterius adj. 神秘的
13.glbe n. 地球;世界;地球仪→glbal adj. 全球的;全面的→glbally adv. 全局地;全球地
14.sufficient adj. 足够的;充足的→sufficiently adv. 足够地;充足地→(反) insufficient adj. 不够的;不足的
15.current adj. 当前的;现在的 n. 水流;电流;思潮→currently adv. 当前;现时
重
点
短
语
1．carry n继续做，坚持干
2．n bard在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上
3．in the hpe f ding sth.抱着……的希望
4．s as t (d sth.)为了；以便
5．figure ut弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白
6．result in导致；造成
7．as a result所以；结果(是)
8．prvide fr sb.提供生活所需
9．in clsing最后
10．run ut用完；耗尽
重
点
句
型
1．Afterwards，the USSR fcused n sending peple int space，and n 12 April 1961，Yuri Gagarin became the first persn in the wrld t g int space.
后来，苏联集中力量把人送入太空，1961年4月12日，尤里·加加林成为世界上第一个进入太空的人。
2．These disasters made everyne sad and disappinted，but the desire t explre the universe never died.
这些灾难让每个人都感到悲伤和失望，但是探索宇宙的欲望从未消失过。
3．Despite the difficulties，scientists hpe future discveries will nt nly enable us t understand hw the universe began，but als help us survive well int the future.
尽管有许多困难，科学家们希望未来的发现不仅能让我们了解宇宙是如何开始的，而且还能帮助我们更好地生存到未来。
4．Astrnauts have t use tape t stick everything dwn while wrking in space because everything wuld flat ff therwise.
宇航员在太空工作时必须用胶带把所有的东西粘在一起，否则所有的东西都会漂走。
5．Sending peple t ther planets r even beynd the slar system is nt an easy gal t achieve.
把人送到其他星球甚至太阳系以外不是一个容易达到的目标。
(1)eq \a\vs4\al(be disappinted)eq \b\lc\{\rc\ (\a\vs4\al\c1(that ... 对……感到失望,at/by sth. 对某事感到失望,in/with sb. 对某人失望,t d sth. 对做某事感到失望))
(2)disappint vt. 使失望；使沮丧
disappinting adj. 令人失望的；令人扫兴的
disappintment n. (不可数)失望；沮丧
in disappintment 失望地
t ne's disappintment 使某人失望的是
归纳点拨
(1)have a strng desireeq \b\lc\{\rc\ (\a\vs4\al\c1(t d sth. 迫切想要做某事,fr sth. 渴望得到某物))
(2)desire t d sth. 渴望做某事
desire sb. t d sth. 想要某人做某事
desire that ...(shuld) d sth.渴望……做某事
名师点津
desire作及物动词，不用于进行时态。desire意为“希望”后接宾语从句时，从句中的谓语动词用“(shuld＋)动词原形”。此外，desire作名词其后接主语从句、表语从句或同位语从句时也要使用虚拟语气。
carry n (with) sth. 继续某事
carry n ding sth. 继续做某事；坚持做某事
carry ut 执行；实施
carry back 使回想起；使回忆起；运回；带回
carry sb. thrugh sth. 帮助某人渡过难关
易混辨析
as a result
“因此；结果”，是副词短语，常作状语，使用时其前常有一个表示原因的句子
as a result f
“由于；因为”，是介词短语，只能连接名词、代词、动名词以及what引导的宾语从句
run ut
“……用完”，是不及物动词短语，其主语通常为时间、食物、金钱等名词
run ut f
“用完”，是及物动词短语，表示主动意义，主语一般是人
give ut
“用尽；精疲力竭”，为不及物动词短语
use up
“用完；消耗尽”，为及物动词短语
主动语态
被动语态
一般式
t write
t be written
完成式
t have written
t have been written
进行式
t be writing
完成进行式
t have been writing