专题10 阅读理解一轮复习难点突破1（名师点津+名校模拟）含答案2026年高考英语一轮复习知识清单（全国通用）

这是一份专题10 阅读理解一轮复习难点突破1（名师点津+名校模拟）含答案2026年高考英语一轮复习知识清单（全国通用），文件包含专题10阅读理解一轮复习难点突破1名师点津+名校模拟原卷版2026年高考英语一轮复习知识清单全国通用docx、专题10阅读理解一轮复习难点突破1名师点津+名校模拟解析版2026年高考英语一轮复习知识清单全国通用docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共58页， 欢迎下载使用。
段落大意题3篇 P2
【名师点津】 P2
【高考真题】 P2
【名校模拟】 P4
文章大意题3篇 P8
【名师点津】 P8
【高考真题】 P9
【名校模拟】 P10
态度推断题3篇 P14
【名师点津】 P14
【高考真题】 P14
【名校模拟】 P16
写作手法题3篇 P19
【名师点津】 P19
【高考真题】 P20
【名校模拟】 P21
写作意图题3篇 P25
【名师点津】 P25
【高考真题】 P25
【名校模拟】 P26
文章寓意题3篇 P31
【名师点津】 P31
【高考真题】 P31
【名校模拟】 P33
段落大意题3篇
【名师点津】
一、段落大意题干扰项特征
1.过于笼统，不知所云。所概括的内容超出原文的范围。
2.以偏概全，主次不分。以文章中的细节内容或个别词语做出选项内容。
3.移花接木，偷换概念。选项中定语和状语影响语意范围，或者把属于A的内容放在B上。
4.主观臆测，无中生有。选项中关键词也在文中提及，但选项的实际含义与文章主题无关。
二、段落大意题两大抓手
1.寻找段落主题句
解答段落大意题的关键是抓住段落的主题句。一般而言，每个段落总有一个中心，通常中心思想会在首句或尾句体现出来，这就是常说的段落主题句。总体来说，采用归纳法的段落，细节表述在前，归纳概括在后，主题句在段尾；采用演绎法的段落，先提出观点，后举例子，由一般到特殊，主题句出现在段首，这种现象较多出现在说明文和议论文中；若作者采用“特殊→一般→特殊”的方式，主题句可能出现在段落的中间。有时，作者没有写出明显的主题句，考生要学会根据段落的内容概括出主题句。
2.确定段落关键词
段落中反复出现的词汇一般就是段落关键词，往往需要出现在正确选项中。
三、段落大意题思维导图

【高考真题】
(2025全国II卷) Des yur sul die a little every time yu thrw away unused fd? Mine des. Maybe that feeling cmes frm grwing up in Suth Africa, where the phrase “there are children starving in Africa” was mre f an uncmfrtable reminder f fact than a prayer at dinner time.
Fd waste is a grwing cncern in the restaurant, supermarket, and supply chain industries. Frm technlgical slutins t educatinal campaigns, fd prducers and sellers are lking fr ways t use mre f what we’re already grwing. But last mnth, ne ppular New Yrk City restaurant tried a different way: It changed its menu t exclusively (专门) ffer fd that wuld therwise be thrwn away.
Fr tw weeks in March, Greenwich Village’s Blue Hill restaurant was renamed wastED, and served items like fried skate cartilage, a juice pulp burger, and a dumpster diver’s vegetable salad. Each dish was tailr-made t raise awareness regarding fd waste.
A study by the Fd Waste Alliance determined that the average restaurant generates 33 punds f fd waste fr every $1,000 in revenue (收入), and f that waste nly 15.7% is dnated r recycled. Up t 84.3% is simply thrwn ut. Restaurants like Sil in the UK have experimented with zer-waste systems, but wastED tk the cncept t its lgical cnclusin.
It shuld be nted that nne f the items n wastED’s menu was technically made frm garbage. Instead, all the ingredients (配料) used were examples f meat cuts and prduce that mst restaurants wuld never cnsider serving. Things like kale ribs, fish cllars, rejected sweet ptates, and cucumber butts were all re-apprpriated and, with the help f a number f gd chefs, turned int excellent cuisine.
Thugh wastED received enthusiastic reviews, it was designed frm the start as a shrt-lived experiment; Blue Hill has since returned t its regular menu. Nevertheless, it serves as a reminder that there are many ways t address prblems f sustainability, and that yu can make an amazing meal ut f almst anything.
32. What can be inferred abut the authr’s early life?
A. He witnessed fd shrtage.B. He enjyed the lcal cuisine.
C. He dnated fd t Africans.D. He helped t ck at hme.
33. Why did Blue Hill carry ut the experiment?
A. T custmize dishes fr guests.B. T make the public aware f fd waste.
C. T test a fd prcessing methd.D. T imprve the UK’s zer-waste systems.
34. What is paragraph 5 mainly abut?
A. Why the ingredients were used.B. Which dishes were best liked.
C. What the dishes were made f.D. Where the ingredients were bught.
35. What can we learn abut wastED?
A. It has ended as planned.B. It is creating new jbs.
C. It has regained ppularity.D. It is criticized by tp chefs.
【答案】32. A 33. B 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了食物浪费问题，并以纽约一家餐厅的短期实验项目“wastED”为例，该餐厅通过创意改造本该被丢弃的食材制作菜品，以此提高人们对可持续饮食的关注。
32.推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“Maybe that feeling cmes frm grwing up in Suth Africa where the phrase “there are children starving in Africa” was mre f an uncmfrtable reminder f fact than a prayer at dinner time. (这种感觉或许源于在南非的成长经历 —— 在那里，“非洲还有孩子在挨饿” 这句话与其说是晚餐时的祈祷，不如说是对现实令人不安的提醒)”可知，作者在南非长大，那里有孩子挨饿是事实，由此可推断作者早年目睹了食物短缺的情况。故选A。
33.细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“Each dish was tailr-made t raise awareness regarding fd waste. (每道菜都是量身定制的，以提高人们对食物浪费的认识)”可知，Blue Hill餐厅进行这个实验，将菜单改为只提供原本会被扔掉的食物，是为了提高公众对食物浪费的认识。故选B。
34.主旨大意题。根据文章第五段“It shuld be nted that nne f the items n wastED’s menu was technically made frm garbage. Instead, all the ingredients (配料) used were examples f meat cuts and prduce that mst restaurants wuld never cnsider serving. Things like kale ribs, fish cllars, rejected sweet ptates, and cucumber butts were all re-apprpriated and, with the help f a number f gd chefs, turned int excellent cuisine. (值得注意的是，从技术上讲，wastED的菜单上没有一项是由垃圾制成的。相反，所有使用的食材都是大多数餐馆永远不会考虑供应的肉类部位和农产品。羽衣甘蓝茎、鱼颈肉、被挑拣的红薯和黄瓜蒂等东西都被重新利用，在许多优秀厨师的助力下，变成了美味的菜肴)”可知，本段主要介绍了wastED菜单上的菜品所用的配料，如羽衣甘蓝茎、鱼颈肉、被挑拣的红薯和黄瓜蒂等，所以本段主要讲的是这些菜肴是由什么做成的。故选C。
35.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“Thugh wastED received enthusiastic reviews, it was designed frm the start as a shrt-lived experiment; Blue Hill has since returned t its regular menu. (尽管 wastED 餐厅收获了热烈的评价，但它从一开始就被设计为短期实验项目；此后，Blue Hill 餐厅已回归常规菜单)”可知，wastED从一开始就被设计为短期实验，现在餐厅已恢复常规菜单，从而推断，实验项目“wastED”已经按计划结束了。故选A。
【名校模拟】
（25-26高三上·广东·阶段练习）A new reprt frm the Reuters Institute fr the Study f Jurnalism raises cncerns abut artificial intelligence (AI) in news prductin, as the rise f AI tls fr news prductin, cupled with existing struggles t engage audiences, presents a fresh challenge fr newsrms wrldwide.
The reprt, based n a survey f nearly 100, 000 peple acrss 47 cuntries, highlights audience anxieties surrunding AI-generated news cntent and ntes this is particularly true fr sensitive tpics like plitics.
News rganizatins are dealing with the rise f Generative AI, with tech giants like Ggle and startups develping tls that summarize infrmatin and ptentially divert (转移) traffic frm news websites. Hwever, the reprt reveals a public distrust f AI-generated news, raising questins abut its viability and impact n prfits. The reprt als lked at audience perceptins f AI-generated news. A significant part f respndents (调查对象) t the survey expressed discmfrt with news primarily prduced by AI. This feeling was particularly strng in the UK (63 percent) and the US (52 percent). The reprt finds that peple were mre accepting f AI being used behind the scenes t enhance jurnalistic efficiency.
Nic Newman, senir research assciate at the Reuters Institute and lead authr f the Digital News Reprt, said, “It was surprising t see the level f suspicin. Peple bradly had fears abut what might happen t cntent reliability and trust.”
The survey als reveals a cntinuing wrry abut nline misinfrmatin. Cncerns rse by 3 percent cmpared t the previus year, with 59 percent f respndents expressing wrry. This anxiety was particularly cnspicuus in cuntries like Suth Africa(81 percent) and the US (72 percent).
The reprt als highlights the difficulties news rganizatins face in securing paying subscribers. Only 17 percent f respndents acrss 20 cuntries reprted paying fr nline news, a figure stagnant (没有变化) fr the past three years.
“The findings shw that newsrms need t build a direct relatinship with their audiences while als strategically using the platfrms t cnnect with peple wh are trickier t reach, like yunger audiences,” Newman said. “We see that news influencers have a bigger rle n the ppular platfrms.”
1．Hw is newsrms’ current situatin?
A．Difficult.B．Shaming.C．Prmising.D．Cmpetitive.
2．What is paragraph 4 mainly abut?
A. Sme disadvantages f AI editrs.B. An analysis f the research results.
C. Pssible applicatin f AI in news.D. Respndents’ attitude t AI in news.
3. What des the underlined wrd “cnspicuus” in paragraph 6 mean?
A. Dubtful.B. Similar.C. Obvius.D. Limited.
4. What des Nic Newman advise newsrms t d?
A. Emply famus influencers t spread news by AI.
B. Encurage mre yunger peple t make use f AI.
C. Distinguish accurately true news frm disinfrmatin.
D. Take advantage f ppular platfrms t attract audiences.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C 4. D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍路透新闻研究所报告中关于人工智能在新闻生产中的应用引发的担忧、受众态度及新闻机构面临的困境与应对建议。
1. 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“as the rise f AI tls fr news prductin, cupled with existing struggles t engage audiences, presents a fresh challenge fr newsrms wrldwide (由于新闻生产人工智能工具的兴起，再加上现有吸引受众的困难，给全球新闻编辑部带来了新的挑战)”以及第七段中的“The reprt als highlights the difficulties news rganizatins face in securing paying subscribers (该报告还强调了新闻机构在争取付费订阅用户方面面临的困难)”可知，新闻编辑部当前面临AI应用挑战、受众吸引难题及付费订阅困境，处境艰难。故选A项。
2. 主旨大意题。根据第四段中的“The reprt als lked at audience perceptins f AI-generated news. A significant part f respndents (调查对象) t the survey expressed discmfrt with news primarily prduced by AI... The reprt finds that peple were mre accepting f AI being used behind the scenes t enhance jurnalistic efficiency (该报告还关注了受众对人工智能生成新闻的看法。很大一部分受访者对主要由人工智能生成的新闻表示不满……报告发现，人们更接受人工智能在幕后用于提高新闻工作效率）”可知，该段核心围绕受访者对新闻领域人工智能应用的态度展开，既包括对AI生成新闻的不满，也包括对AI辅助新闻工作的接受。故选D项。
3. 词句猜测题。根据第六段中的“Cncerns rse by 3 percent cmpared t the previus year, with 59 percent f respndents expressing wrry. This anxiety was particularly cnspicuus in cuntries like Suth Africa(81 percent) and the US(72 percent) (与前一年相比，担忧比例上升了3%，59%的受访者表示担忧。这种焦虑在南非（81%）和美国（72%）等国家尤为cnspicuus)”可知，很明显，南非和美国的担忧比例远高于全球平均水平，因此“cnspicuus”应表示“明显的”。故选C项。
4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“‘The findings shw that newsrms need t build a direct relatinship with their audiences while als strategically using the platfrms t cnnect with peple wh are trickier t reach, like yunger audiences,’ Newman said. ‘We see that news influencers have a bigger rle n the ppular platfrms.’(纽曼表示：“研究结果表明，新闻编辑部需要与受众建立直接关系，同时要有策略地利用平台联系那些难以接触到的人群，比如年轻受众。我们发现，新闻影响者在热门平台上发挥着更大的作用。”)”可知，Nic Newman建议新闻编辑部利用热门平台吸引受众，尤其是难以接触到的群体。故选D项。
（25-26高三上·湖南长沙·阶段练习）Recycling lithium-in (锂离子) batteries t recver their critical metals like lithium, nickel and cbalt has significantly lwer envirnmental impacts than mining raw metals, accrding t a new Stanfrd University life cycle analysis published in Nature Cmmunicatins.
The study quantifies the envirnmental ftprint f this recycling prcess, and finds it gives ff less than half the greenhuse gases (GHGs) f cnventinal mining and uses abut ne-furth f the water and energy f mining new metals. The envirnmental benefits are even greater fr the scrap (废料) stream, which accunted fr abut 90% f the recycled supply studied.
Battery recycling’s envirnmental impacts depend heavily n the prcessing facility’s lcatin and electricity surce. “A battery recycling plant in regins that rely heavily n electricity generated by burning cal wuld see a reduced climate advantage,” said Samantha Bunk e, ne f the study’s three lead investigatrs. “On the ther hand, freshwater shrtages in regins with cleaner electricity are a great cncern,” added Bunk e. Mst f the study’s data fr battery recycling came frm Redwd Materials in Nevada — Nrth America’s largest industrial-scale lithium-in battery recycling facility — which benefits frm the western U.S.’s cleaner energy mix.
Redwd, which has since brken grund n a new facility in Suth Carlina, was ne f the first t apply the lessns f this prject t their wn peratins and envirnmental ftprint. Its funder, JB Straubel said that the insights f this research have played a key rle in refining Redwd’s battery recycling prcesses. “Thanks t the researchers’ bservatins, we have further reduced ur envirnmental ftprint,” he nted.
While the U.S. nw recycles abut 50% f available lithium-in batteries, it has successfully recycled 99% f lead-acid batteries fr decades. “Given that used lithium-in batteries cntain materials with up t 10 times higher ecnmic value, the pprtunity is significant,” senir authr William Tarpeh said. “Fr a future with a greatly increased supply f used batteries, we need t design and prepare a recycling system tday frm cllectin t prcessing back int new batteries with minimal envirnmental impact,” he added. “Hpefully, battery prducers will cnsider hw t make their batteries mre recyclable in their future plans, t.”
5. What is paragraph 2 mainly abut?
A. The effectiveness f energy use.
B. Methds f cnducting the study.
C. The cmplexity f the recycling prcess.
D. Advantages f recycling lithium-in batteries.
6. Why is Redwd Materials mentined?
A. T shw the key rle f battery industries.
B. T highlight its reduced climate advantage.
C. T illustrate the practical use f the research.
D. T criticize its lasting envirnmental ftprint.
7. What des the underlined wrd “refining” mean in paragraph 4?
A. Shaking.B. Bettering.C. Starting.D. Limiting.
8. What is Tarpeh’s suggestin fr battery prducers?
A. Imprve their recycling system.
B. Limit the use f lead-acid batteries.
C. Fcus n their prcessing cst.
D. Priritize recyclability in their designs.
【答案】5. D 6. C 7. B 8. D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章基于斯坦福大学发表在《自然•通讯》上的生命周期分析，阐述了回收锂离子电池相较于开采原生金属在环境影响方面的显著优势，同时提及回收效果受设施位置和电力来源影响、相关研究成果的实际应用以及未来锂离子电池回收体系建设的建议等内容。
5. 主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“The study quantifies the envirnmental ftprint f this recycling prcess, and finds it gives ff less than half the greenhuse gases (GHGs) f cnventinal mining and uses abut ne-furth f the water and energy f mining new metals. (这项研究量化了这种回收过程的环境足迹，发现它排放的温室气体不到传统采矿的一半，消耗的水和能源约为开采新金属的四分之一)”可知，该段主要讨论了回收锂离子电池相较于开采新金属在环境方面的优势，包括减少温室气体排放、降低水和能源消耗等。故选D项。
6. 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Mst f the study’s data fr battery recycling came frm Redwd Materials in Nevada — Nrth America’s largest industrial-scale lithium-in battery recycling facility — which benefits frm the western U.S.’s cleaner energy mix. (这项研究的大部分电池回收数据来自内华达州的Redwd Materials公司，这是北美最大的工业规模锂离子电池回收设施，得益于美国西部更清洁的能源组合)”以及第四段中的“Redwd, which has since brken grund n a new facility in Suth Carlina, was ne f the first t apply the lessns f this prject t their wn peratins and envirnmental ftprint. (Redwd已在南卡罗来纳州破土动工建设新的设施，该公司是最早将此项目的经验应用到自身运营和环境足迹的企业之一)”可知，文中提到Redwd Materials这家公司是为了举例说明这项研究的实际应用。故选C项。
7. 词句猜测题。根据第四段中的“Its funder, JB Straubel said that the insights f this research have played a key rle in refining Redwd’s battery recycling prcesses. “Thanks t the researchers’ bservatins, we have further reduced ur envirnmental ftprint,” he nted. (其创始人JB Straubel表示这项研究的见解在refining Redwd的电池回收流程中发挥了关键作用。他指出：“由于研究人员的观察，我们进一步减少了我们的环境足迹)”可推知“refining”与“Bettering”意思相近，在句中意为“改进”。故选B项。
8. 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的““Hpefully, battery prducers will cnsider hw t make their batteries mre recyclable in their future plans, t.” (希望电池生产商也能在未来的计划中考虑如何提高电池的可回收性)”可知，Tarpeh建议电池生产商在未来的计划中考虑如何使电池更具可回收性。故选D项。
文章大意题3篇
【名师点津】
一、记叙文主旨大意题
1.看首段和尾段，以尾段为主
2.借助主题词或关键词归纳
二、说明文和议论文主旨大意题
1.看首段和每段段首句，以首段为主
2.借助主题词或关键词归纳
三、文章大意题错误选项典型错误
一是“以偏概全”：选项范围太窄，只表达局部信息或某一细节，不能概括整篇文章的主旨大意；
二是“概括宽泛”：所表达的内容超出或多于文章阐述的内容；
三是“无中生有”：即文章中根本未提到或者不是指定段落的大意。
四、文章大意五种题型
题型一：利用主题句在段首位置推敲段落大意
技巧点拨：说明文和议论文学会关注“首段”和“段首”。借鉴“七选五”小标题类型特点，段首句统领全段主旨大意，由此推断段落大意。
题型二：利用主题句在段中位置推敲段落大意
技巧点拨：有时主题句出现在段中某句，这就需要考生耐心阅读揣摩段落各句之间内在逻辑关系，确定主题句位置，进而明确段落主旨大意。
题型三：利用主题句在段尾位置推敲段落大意
技巧点拨：有时主题句出现在段尾，关注一些表征总结性，结论性的词: in brief/ shrt, all in all, in cnclusin, in a wrd等，这些词后面连接的通常是主题句。
题型四：利用段落没有主题句推敲段落大意
技巧点拨：有时候段落没有出现主题句，需要考生自己总结提炼，难度更大。
题型五：利用“总-分-总”结构推敲语篇主旨大意题
技巧点拨：有时候段落没有出现主题句，需要考生自己总结提炼，难度更大。
五、文章大意题思维导图
【高考真题】
(2024新课标II卷) We all knw fresh is best when it cmes t fd. Hwever, mst prduce at the stre went thrugh weeks f travel and cvered hundreds f miles befre reaching the table. While farmer’s markets are a slid chice t reduce the jurney, Babyln Micr-Farm (BMF) shrtens it even mre.
BMF is an indr garden system. It can be set up fr a family. Additinally, it culd serve a larger audience such as a hspital, restaurant r schl. The innvative design requires little effrt t achieve a reliable weekly supply f fresh greens.
Specifically, it’s a farm that relies n new technlgy. By cnnecting thrugh the Clud, BMF is remtely mnitred. Als, there is a cnvenient app that prvides grwing data in real time. Because the system is autmated, it significantly reduces the amunt f water needed t grw plants. Rather than watering rws f sil, the system prvides just the right amunt t each plant. After harvest, users simply replace the plants with a new pre-seeded pd (容器) t get the next grwth cycle started.
Mrever, having a system in the same building where it’s eaten means zer emissins (排放) frm transprting plants frm sil t salad. In additin, there’s n need fr pesticides and ther chemicals that pllute traditinal farms and the surrunding envirnment.
BMF emplyees live ut sustainability in their everyday lives. Abut half f them walk r bike t wrk. Inside the ffice, they encurage recycling and waste reductin by limiting garbage cans and aviding single-use plastic. “We are passinate abut reducing waste, carbn and chemicals in ur envirnment,” said a BMF emplyee.
28. What can be learned abut BMF frm paragraph 1?
A. It guarantees the variety f fd.B. It requires day-t-day care.
C. It cuts the farm-t-table distance.D. It relies n farmer’s markets.
29. What infrmatin des the cnvenient app ffer?
A. Real-time weather changes.B. Current cnditin f the plants.
C. Chemical pllutants in the sil.D. Availability f pre-seeded pds.
30. What can be cncluded abut BMF emplyees?
A. They have a great passin fr sprts.
B. They are devted t cmmunity service.
C. They are fnd f sharing daily experiences.
D They have a strng envirnmental awareness.
31. What des the text mainly talk abut?
A. BMF’s majr strengths.B. BMF’s general management.
C. BMF’s glbal influence.D. BMF’s technical standards.
【答案】28. C 29. B 30. D 31. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了巴比伦微农场（BMF）的一些主要优势，包括减少食物运输距离、通过云技术远程监控、自动化系统节约水资源、减少化学污染、以及员工的环保生活方式等。
28.细节理解题。根据第一段“While farmer’s markets are a slid chice t reduce the jurney, Babyln Micr-Farm (BMF) shrtens it even mre. (虽然农贸市场是减少旅程的可靠选择，但巴比伦微型农场（BMF）甚至缩短了旅程)”可知，巴比伦微型农场（BMF）进一步缩短了从农场到餐桌的距离。故选C。
29.细节理解题。根据第三段“Als, there is a cnvenient app that prvides grwing data in real time. (此外，还有一个便捷的应用程序，可以实时提供增长数据)”可知，这个便捷的应用程序提供了植物生长的实时数据。故选B。
30.推理判断题。根据最后一段“BMF emplyees live ut sustainability in their everyday lives. Abut half f them walk r bike t wrk. Inside the ffice, they encurage recycling and waste reductin by limiting garbage cans and aviding single-use plastic. “We are passinate abut reducing waste, carbn and chemicals in ur envirnment,” said a BMF emplyee. (BMF员工在日常生活中追求可持续发展。大约一半的人步行或骑自行车上班。在办公室里，他们通过限制垃圾桶和避免一次性塑料来鼓励回收和减少浪费。BMF的一名员工表示：“我们热衷于减少环境中的废物、碳和化学品。”)”可知，BMF员工具有强烈的环保意识。故选D。
31.主旨大意题。根据第一段“While farmer’s markets are a slid chice t reduce the jurney, Babyln Micr-Farm (BMF) shrtens it even mre. (虽然农贸市场是减少旅程的可靠选择，但巴比伦微型农场（BMF）甚至缩短了旅程)”、第三段“By cnnecting thrugh the Clud, BMF is remtely mnitred. Als, there is a cnvenient app that prvides grwing data in real time. Because the system is autmated, it significantly reduces the amunt f water needed t grw plants. Rather than watering rws f sil, the system prvides just the right amunt t each plant. (通过云连接，对BMF进行远程监控。此外，还有一个方便的应用程序可以实时提供不断增长的数据。由于该系统是自动化的，因此大大减少了种植植物所需的水量。该系统不是给一排排土壤浇水，而是为每株植物提供合适的水量)”以及最后一段“BMF emplyees live ut sustainability in their everyday lives. Abut half f them walk r bike t wrk. Inside the ffice, they encurage recycling and waste reductin by limiting garbage cans and aviding single-use plastic. “We are passinate abut reducing waste, carbn and chemicals in ur envirnment,” said a BMF emplyee. (BMF员工在日常生活中追求可持续发展。大约一半的人步行或骑自行车上班。在办公室里，他们通过限制垃圾桶和避免一次性塑料来鼓励回收和减少浪费。BMF的一名员工表示：“我们热衷于减少环境中的废物、碳和化学品。”)”可知，文章主要介绍了巴比伦微农场（BMF）的一些主要优势，包括减少食物运输距离、通过云技术远程监控、自动化系统节约水资源、减少化学污染、以及员工的环保生活方式等。故选A。
【名校模拟】
（25-26高三上·山东青岛·开学考试）Travellers have lng feared being swallwed int the peatlands (泥炭地): “If his ft slips ... it is pssible he may never mre be heard f,” described William Gilpin in 1772.
But nw the image f this ecsystem finally turns a crner. UNESCO has recgnized the Flw Cuntry as a wrld heritage (遗产) site-the first peatland t make the list-due t its natural characteristics: the remarkable variety f plants and animals that live there. It’s als recgnized that these peatlands are nt humankind’s enemy but an imprtant partner in the fight against climate crisis. Peat has frmed in the Flw Cuntry fr 8,000 years, trapping carbn. It’s vital this carbn stays t avid further glbal heating.
The Flw Cuntry was chsen fr its natural heritage nt cultural significance, which cmes as a welcme cntrast t the vast majrity f the UK’s ther wrld heritage sites. Priritising culture might make sense fr places like Stnehenge r Durham Cathedral, but the Lake District? Nt s much. The Lake District Natinal Park is remarkable fr its natural gegraphy: deep valleys, uneven peaks and icy lakes. Peple have lng shaped the area, but their impact is just a thin layer n a remarkably splendid landscape. Yet, when the park gained wrld heritage status in 2017, it was largely upn the basis f its relatively recent traditin f sheep farming. The decisin reflected hw the English perceive the natural wrld.
But the recgnitin f the Flw Cuntry lks even mre prfund. It represents a change nt nly in ur perceptin f peatlands but f nature itself. Unlike the Lake District, it priritises nt sheep, but mss (苔藓). This apprach aligns with the grwing mvement t recgnise the rights f nature: t reframe the natural wrld as smething mre than a cllectin f raw materials.
Nne f that is t ignre humans’ rle in the Flw Cuntry but we shuld recgnize that n landscape in the UK can be cnsidered in islatin frm its culture, while als remembering that the human stry never unflds alne.
1. Why des the authr qute William Gilpin in paragraph 1?
A. T illustrate the authr’s pint.
B. T give a scientific explanatin.
C. T prvide histrical backgrund.
D. T present a cmmn partial view.
2. Fr what was the Flw Cuntry recgnized as a UNESCO Wrld Heritage site?
A. Climate benefit and natural value.
B. Beautiful scenery and cnservatin effrts.
C. Gegraphical uniqueness and rare species.
D. Educatinal significance and cultural value.
3. What des the underlined phrase “aligns with” in paragraph 4 mean?
A. addresses.B. matches.C. Challenges.D. Outweighs.
4. What is the text mainly abut?
A. The frmatin f the Flw Cuntry.
B. The recgnitin f the Lake District.
C. The lng-verdue respect fr peatlands.
D. The cnservatin difficulties f peatlands.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B 4. C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了泥炭地从过去被旅行者视为威胁的存在，到Flw Cuntry成为首个入选世界遗产的泥炭地，其认知发生的转变；通过对比英国湖区的入选依据，阐述了Flw Cuntry的入选不仅源于其自然价值与气候益处，更体现了人类对泥炭地乃至自然本身认知的深刻变化。
1. 推理判断题。文章第一段开篇提到“Travellers have lng feared being swallwed int the peatlands (长期以来，旅行者们一直害怕被泥炭地吞没。)”，随后引用William Gilpin 1772 年的描述“If his ft slips ... it is pssible he may never mre be heard f (要是他脚一滑……可能就再也没人听说过他了。)”，是为了具体呈现过去人们对泥炭地普遍存在的恐惧和负面印象，旨在生动呈现历史上人们对泥炭地广泛存在的恐惧与负面印象 —— 这种视泥炭地为“威胁”的认知实属片面。第二段紧随其后以but进行转折，指出“nw the image f this ecsystem finally turns a crner (如今该生态系统的形象终于迎来转变)”，形成强烈对比。因此，该处引用的主要目的在于呈现一种曾经普遍存在的片面观念。故选D。
2. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“UNESCO has recgnized the Flw Cuntry as a wrld heritage (遗产) site-the first peatland t make the list-due t its natural characteristics: the remarkable variety f plants and animals that live there. It’s als recgnized that these peatlands are nt humankind’s enemy but an imprtant partner in the fight against climate crisis. Peat has frmed in the Flw Cuntry fr 8,000 years, trapping carbn. (联合国教科文组织已将福洛地区认定为世界遗产地 —— 这是首个入选该名录的泥炭地 —— 因其具备独特的自然特征：这里栖息着种类极为丰富的动植物。人们还认识到，这些泥炭地并非人类的敌人，而是应对气候危机的重要伙伴。福洛地区的泥炭已形成 8000 年之久，期间一直在固存碳。)”可知，Flw Cuntry入选世界遗产的原因有两点：一是其显著的自然价值，二是其气候益处。故选A。
3. 词义猜测题。根据文章第四段“Unlike the Lake District, it priritises nt sheep, but mss ( 苔藓). This apprach aligns with the grwing mvement t recgnise the rights f nature: t reframe the natural wrld as smething mre than a cllectin f raw materials. (与湖区不同，福洛地区优先关注的并非绵羊，而是苔藓。这种理念契合了日益兴起的“承认自然权利”运动：该运动主张将自然界重新定义为不仅仅是原材料的集合体。)” 可知，Flw Cuntry优先关注苔藓，即自然本身的理念，与“承认自然权利、不将自然仅视为原材料集合”的运动方向是一致的。“aligns with” 在此处意为“符合、匹配”，与“matches”含义相近。故选B。
4. 主旨大意题。文章开篇以过去人们对泥炭地的恐惧引出话题，核心围 Flw Cuntry成为首个泥炭地世界遗产展开，通过对比湖区的文化导向入选依据，强调Flw Cuntry的入选源于自然价值与气候意义，更体现了人类对泥炭地从“敌人”到“伙伴”的认知转变 —— 这意味着泥炭地终于获得了应有的重视。选项C “The lng-verdue respect fr peatlands (泥炭地迟来的尊重)”概括了文章核心。故选C。
（25-26高三上·江西·开学考试）Leafy vegetables are widely cnsidered t be a healthy and refreshing fd chice. Eating enugh vegetables which are packed with fiber, vitamins and minerals supprts yur verall health. Hwever, it can be tugh fr all srts f peple, frm busy mms t picky kids, t get the leafy greens their bdies need. That's why many peple are attracted by an emerging trend called “dinsaur time”.
The trend, which encurages peple t get their daily serving f leafy greens by gbbling (狼吞虎咽) them up like dinsaurs, riginated with frmer middle schl science teacher, CrssFit enthusiast and stay-at-hme mm, Amy Garrett. Garrett's nline vides have millins f views and have inspired thers t gbble dwn n the healthy trend.
Garrett's recipe cnsists f eating fistfuls (一把) f rmaine lettuce, spinach, r ther greens, withut preparing them r putting them in a salad. Instead, she cnsumes them like she came straight ut f the dinsaur era, ften with dinsaur-themed music playing in the backgrund. She als emphasizes the imprtance f washing vegetables befre eating them, if they aren't already pre-washed.
It isn't just grwn-ups that get inspired by “dinsaur time”. Yung children naturally enjy pretending t be dinsaurs and parents, with the help f this dd trend, are using their little nes' imaginatins t encurage them t eat healthier.
“‘Dinsaur time’ isn't intended t replace meals,” Garrett tld the New Yrk Pst. “The recipe is intended t be a supplement (补充) t an existing meal t get yur greens ut f the way s yu can enjy the things yu actually like t eat, whether that be a burger, a slice f pizza, a sandwich, etc.”
A warning: Peple wh are at risk f kidney stnes shuld think twice befre fllwing the trend and thse wh are n bld thinners shuld cnsult their dctrs befre changing their diet.
5. What can be learned frm paragraph 1?
A. It's beneficial t eat leafy greens.
B. Fd chices are limited currently.
C. Parents and kids argue ver eating.
D. Many peple hate cking at hme.
6. What are thse strictly fllwing Garrett's recipe unlikely t d?
A. Listen t music ver meals smetimes.
B. Ensure their fd is washed befre eating.
C. Eat well-cked leafy vegetables all the time.
D. Refuse t prepare a vegetable salad n a busy day.
7. Which f the fllwing shws the authr's pinin?
A. It's unnecessary t eat what yu dislike.
B. Garrett's recipe is a challenge fr parents.
C. “Dinsaur time” isn't suitable fr everyne.
D. Dctrs shuld ask patients t eat vegetables.
8. What is the text mainly abut?
A. A ppular slutin that replaces meals.
B. A trend that encurages healthy eating.
C. A traditinal lifestyle that excites kids.
D. A recipe that frees parents frm cking.
【答案】5. A 6. C 7. C 8. B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。讲述了近期一种被称为“恐龙时间”的饮食趋势在网上引起了广泛关注，这种饮食方式主要模仿恐龙的饮食方式，有助于鼓励健康饮食。
5. 细节理解题。根据第一段“Leafy vegetables are widely cnsidered t be a healthy and refreshing fd chice. Eating enugh vegetables which are packed with fiber, vitamins and minerals supprts yur verall health. (叶菜被广泛认为是一种健康清爽的食物选择。多吃富含纤维、维生素和矿物质的蔬菜有利于你的整体健康)”可知，吃绿叶蔬菜有益。故选A项。
6. 推理判断题。根据第三段“Garrett's recipe cnsists f eating fistfuls (一把) f rmaine lettuce, spinach, r ther greens, withut preparing them r putting them in a salad. Instead, she cnsumes them like she came straight ut f the dinsaur era, ften with dinsaur-themed music playing in the backgrund. She als emphasizes the imprtance f washing vegetables befre eating them, if they aren't already pre-washed. (加勒特的食谱包括吃一把长叶莴苣、菠菜或其他蔬菜，而无需进行准备(不进行复杂的预处理或烹饪)或把它们放在沙拉里。相反，她就像直接从恐龙时代来的一样食用它们，背景中还常常播放着以恐龙为主题的音乐。她还强调，如果蔬菜不是预先清洗过的，在食用前清洗干净是非常重要的)”可推断，严格按照Garrett的食谱的人不太可能总是吃煮熟的绿叶蔬菜(而是洗净即食)。故选C项。
7. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“A warning: Peple wh are at risk f kidney stnes shuld think twice befre fllwing the trend and thse wh are n bld thinners shuld cnsult their dctrs befre changing their diet. (一个警告：有肾结石风险的人在跟随此趋势前应三思，正在服用抗凝血药物的人在改变饮食前应咨询医生)”可知，“恐龙时间”的饮食方式并不适合所有人。故选C项。
8. 主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是第一段内容“Leafy vegetables are widely cnsidered t be a healthy and refreshing fd chice. Eating enugh vegetables which are packed with fiber, vitamins and minerals supprts yur verall health. Hwever, it can be tugh fr all srts f peple, frm busy mms t picky kids, t get the leafy greens their bdies need. That's why many peple are attracted by an emerging trend called “dinsaur time”.(绿叶蔬菜通常被认为是一种健康且令人神清气爽的食品选择。摄入富含纤维、维生素和矿物质的蔬菜有助于维护整体健康。然而，对于各种人群而言，从忙碌的妈妈到挑食的孩子，要获取身体所需的绿叶蔬菜都可能颇具挑战性。这就是为什么许多人被一种新兴的潮流所吸引，这种潮流被称为“恐龙时间”。)”文章主要介绍了“恐龙时间”这一新兴趋势，它鼓励人们像恐龙一样狼吞虎咽地吃绿叶蔬菜，以此促进健康饮食，B选项符合。A选项“取代正餐的流行解决方案”，文中说这一做法是正餐的补充(倒数第二段)，不是取代；C选项“让孩子兴奋的传统生活方式”，“恐龙时间”是新兴趋势，不是传统生活方式；D选项“让父母从做饭中解脱的食谱”，文中未体现让父母从做饭中解脱。故选B项。
态度推断题3篇
【名师点津】
态度观点态度类试题的解题方法：
第一：结合题干人物和内容定位原文出现在哪一（些）段；然后仔细比对该句言外之意；
第二：加入自己的态度。要注意区分试题考查的是作者的态度还是作者引用别人的态度；
第三：态度没有明确提出时，要学会根据作者在文章中所运用词汇的褒贬性去判断作者的态度，尤其是动词、形容词和副词，如wnderfully, successfully, unfrtunately, dubtfully 等。
乐观支持类词汇：ptimistic乐观的；psitive肯定的；favrable 支持的，赞同的；supprtive支持的；apprving赞成的
客观中立类词汇：bjective客观的；neutral中立的；cautius谨慎的
消极反对类词汇：negative否定的；ppsite相反的；unfair公正的；dubtful怀疑的；indifferent漠不关心的；critical批评的；irnic讽刺的；skeptical质疑的；disappinted失望的；disapprving不赞同的；pessimistic悲观的；dismissive轻蔑的，不屑一顾的
【高考真题】
(2024全国甲卷)The Saint Lukas train desn’t accept passengers—it accepts nly the sick. The Saint Lukas is ne f five gvernment-spnsred medical trains that travel t remte twns in central and eastern Russia. Each stp lasts an average f tw days, and during that time the dctrs and nurses n bard prvide rural(乡村)ppulatins with basic medical care, X-ray scans and prescriptins.
“Peple started queuing t make an appintment early in the mrning,” says Emile Ducke, a German phtgrapher wh traveled with the staff f the Saint Lukas fr a tw-week trip in Nvember thrugh the vast regins(区域)f Krasnyarsk and Khakassia.
Russia’s public health care service has been in serius need f mdernizatin. The gvernment has struggled t cme up with measures t address the prblem, particularly in the prer, rural areas east f the Vlga River, including arranging dctr’s appintments by vide chat and expanding financial aid prgrams t mtivate dctrs t practice medicine in remte parts f the cuntry like Krasnyarsk.
The annual arrival f the Saint Lukas is anther attempt t imprve the situatin. Fr 10 mnths every year, the train stps at abut eight statins ver tw weeks, befre returning t the reginal capital t refuel and restck(补给). Then it starts all ver again the next mnth. Mst statins wait abut a year between visits.
Dctrs see up t 150 patients every day. The train’s equipment allws fr basic checkups. “I was very impressed by the dctrs and their assistants wrking and living in such little space but still staying fcused and very cncerned,” says Ducke. “They were the best chance fr many rural peple t get the treatment they want. ”
28. Hw is the Saint Lukas different frm ther trains?
A. It runs acrss cuntries.B. It reserves seats fr the senirs.
C. It functins as a hspital.D. It travels alng a river.
29. What can we infer frm paragraph 3 abut Krasnyarsk?
A. It is heavily ppulated.B. It ffers training fr dctrs.
C. It is a mdern city.D. It needs medical aid.
30. Hw lng can the Saint Lukas wrk with ne supply?
A. Abut a year.B. Abut ten mnths.
C. Abut tw mnths.D. Abut tw weeks.
31. What is Ducke’s attitude tward the Saint Lukas’ services?
A. Appreciative.B. DubtfulC. Ambiguus.D. Cautius.
【答案】28. C 29. D 30. D 31. A
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述政府赞助了五辆名为圣卢卡斯的医疗列车为俄罗斯中部和东部偏远地区每年提供为期10个月的巡回医疗服务，为乡村居民提供基本医疗检查和治疗，改善当地医疗条件。
28.细节理解题，根据文章第一段“The Saint Lukas is ne f five gvernment-spnsred medical trains that travel t remte twns in central and eastern Russia. Each stp lasts an average f tw days, and during that time the dctrs and nurses n bard prvide rural(乡村)ppulatins with basic medical care, X-ray scans and prescriptins. (圣卢卡斯号是五列政府资助的医疗列车之一，前往俄罗斯中部和东部的偏远城镇。每一站平均停留两天，在此期间，船上的医生和护士为农村人口提供基本医疗服务、X光扫描和处方。)”可知，圣卢卡斯号与其他火车的不同之处在于它是政府资助的医疗火车，充当医院。因此选C。
29.推理判断题，第三段提到“Russia’s public health care service has been in serius need f mdernizatin. The gvernment has struggled t cme up with measures t address the prblem, particularly in the prer, rural areas east f the Vlga River, including arranging dctr's appintments by vide chat and expanding financial aid prgrams t mtivate dctrs t practice medicine in remte parts f the cuntry like Krasnyarsk. (俄罗斯的公共卫生保健服务迫切需要现代化。政府一直在努力提出解决这一问题的措施，特别是在伏尔加河以东较贫穷的农村地区，包括通过视频聊天安排医生预约，扩大财政援助计划，激励医生到克拉斯诺亚尔斯克等偏远地区行医。) ”可以推断，Krasnyarsk需要医疗援助，故选D。
30.细节理解题，根据第四段“Fr 10 mnths every year, the train stps at abut eight statins ver tw weeks, befre returning t the reginal capital t refuel and restck (补给). ”(每年有10个月，火车在两周内停靠大约八个车站，然后返回地区首府进行补给和重新装货。) ”可知，圣卢卡斯号一份补给可以工作大约两周，故选D。
31.推断判断题。根据最后一段的““I was very impressed by the dctrs and their assistants wrking and living in such little space but still staying fcused and very cncerned, ” says Ducke. “They were the best chance fr many rural peple t get the treatment they want. ”(“医生和他们的助手在这么小的空间里工作和生活，但仍然保持专注和非常关注，这给我留下了深刻的印象，”Ducke说。这是许多农村人获得他们想要的治疗的最好机会。”)”可知，Ducke对Saint Lukas的服务持赞赏的态度，故选A。
【名校模拟】
（25-26高三上·河北承德·阶段练习）When Lenard da Vinci wasn’t painting masterpieces r dreaming up flying machines, he was explring the secrets f gravity. Cnsidering himself a scientist and artist, this Renaissance thinker spent untld hurs studying hw the “attractin f ne bject t anther” affected phenmena like the flight f birds and the fall f water.
Recent research published in the jurnal Lenard reveals that Lenard cnducted detailed gravity experiments ver a century befre Galile and tw centuries prir t Newtn. “His thinking was far ahead f his time,” said c-authr Dr Mrteza Gharib. The study highlights Lenard’s determinatin t find the law gverning the dynamics f falling bjects.
Dr Gharib said he discvered the experiments while examining an nline versin f the Cdex Arundel, a cllectin f Lenard’s ntes frm 1480 t 1518. Amng its mirrr-written texts, a drawing n page 143 caught his eye: a triangle (三角形) frmed by circles puring frm a pt. He used a cmputer prgram t flip (翻转) the triangle and the nearby mirrr writing. Suddenly, the image came t life. “I culd see mtin,” Dr Gharib recalled. “I culd see him puring stuff ut.” It was a eureka mment that revealed Lenard’s frward-lking experiment.
Gazing at Lenard’s drawing, Dr Gharib realized that the artist had separated gravity’s effects int tw cmpnents, revealing a nrmally hidden aspect f nature. Inspired by hail (冰雹) falling frm fast-mving cluds, Lenard demnstrated thrugh his drawing hw gravity’s cnstant frce causes a steady speed gain — shwn by the increasing gaps between falling bjects as the pt mves.
Despite his basic experimental setup mre than 500 years ag, Lenard calculated the cnstant t an accuracy within 10 percent f the mdern value. “It’s incredible,” Dr Gharib said. “That’s the beauty f what Lenard des.”
Hwever, Dr Gharib hesitated t examine the Cdex Arundel further. “I’m like a kid in a ty stre, afraid t even lk at it,” he said. He nted that while art histrians had studied it, scientists had nt. “It’s an pen bk with s much t discver.”
1. What des the underlined phrase “a eureka mment” in paragraph 3 refer t?
A. The mment f puring stuff ut.
B. The time f finding the secret in the drawing.
C. The mment f discvering the mirrr-written texts.
D. The time f realizing the triangle’s functin in the drawing.
2. Hw did Lenard demnstrate the effect f gravity’s cnstant frce in his drawing?
A. By sketching birds flying in a triangular pattern.
B. By shwing water puring frm a mving pt.
C. By recrding the speed and track f hail.
D. By illustrating increasing gaps between falling bjects.
3. Why des Dr Gharib think Lenard’s wrks incredible?
A. Lenard’s ntes were mirrr-written.
B. Lenard’s experiments used advanced technlgy.
C. Lenard painted masterpieces while studying science.
D. Lenard achieved scientific accuracy centuries befre ther scientists.
4. What is Dr Gharib’s attitude tward the Cdex Arundel?
A. Admiring.B. Critical.C. Dubtful.D. Objective.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. D 4. A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了列奥纳多·达·芬奇在科学方面的探索，尤其是他对重力的研究，他比伽利略早一个多世纪、比牛顿早两个多世纪就进行了详细的重力实验。
1. 词句猜测题。根据上文“He used a cmputer prgram t flip (翻转) the triangle and the nearby mirrr writing. Suddenly, the image came t life. “I culd see mtin,” Dr Gharib recalled. “I culd see him puring stuff ut.”(他使用了一个电脑程序来翻转这个三角形和附近的镜像文字。突然，画面变得生动起来。“我能看到运动，”加里布博士回忆道。“我能看到他在倒东西。”)”可知，加里布博士通过翻转三角形和镜像文字，发现了画中的秘密，即列奥纳多·达·芬奇进行的重力实验，所以“a eureka mment”指的是“在画中发现秘密的时刻”。故选B。
2. 细节理解题。根据第四段“Inspired by hail falling frm fast-mving cluds, Lenard demnstrated thrugh his drawing hw gravity’s cnstant frce causes a steady speed gain — shwn by the increasing gaps between falling bjects as the pt mves.(受从快速移动的云层中落下的冰雹的启发，列奥纳多·达·芬奇通过他的画展示了重力的恒定力如何导致速度的稳定增加——这可以通过壶移动时下落物体之间不断增加的间隙来显示。)”可知，列奥纳多·达·芬奇通过说明下落物体之间不断增加的间隙来展示重力恒定力的作用。故选D。
3. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Recent research published in the jurnal Lenard reveals that Lenard cnducted detailed gravity experiments ver a century befre Galile and tw centuries prir t Newtn.(最近发表在《列奥纳多》杂志上的研究显示，列奥纳多·达·芬奇在伽利略之前一个多世纪、在牛顿之前两个多世纪就进行了详细的重力实验。)”和倒数第二段 “Despite his basic experimental setup mre than 500 years ag, Lenard calculated the cnstant t an accuracy within 10 percent f the mdern value. “It’s incredible,” Dr Gharib said. “That’s the beauty f what Lenard des.”(尽管500多年前他的实验装置很简单，但列奥纳多·达·芬奇计算出的常数与现代值的误差在10%以内。“这太不可思议了，”加里布博士说。“这就是列奥纳多·达·芬奇作品的魅力所在。”)”可知，加里布博士认为列奥纳多·达·芬奇的作品令人难以置信是因为列奥纳多·达·芬奇在其他科学家之前几个世纪就达到了科学准确性。故选D。
4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Hwever, Dr Gharib hesitated t examine the Cdex Arundel further. “I’m like a kid in a ty stre, afraid t even lk at it,” he said. He nted that while art histrians had studied it, scientists had nt. “It’s an pen bk with s much t discver.”(然而，加里布博士对进一步研究《阿伦德尔手稿》犹豫不决。“我就像一个玩具店里的孩子，甚至不敢看它，”他说。他指出，虽然艺术史学家已经研究过它，但科学家还没有。“这是一本还有很多要发现的开放的书。”)”可知，加里布博士认为《阿伦德尔手稿》是一本还有很多要发现的开放的书，他对它持赞赏的态度。故选A。
（25-26高三上·山东日照·开学考试）Martha Siede, wh has lived with dystnic cerebral palsy (肌张力障碍型脑瘫) just since she was brn, shares her pwerful stry in the bk In Pursuit f “Nrmal”. As a disabled reader, I was delighted, relieved, and lit up with encuragement and cnnectin while reading this bk.
I especially appreciated the way Martha lays ut ur struggles frankly because f hw frequently we encunter them. “The hspital is where yu wuld think disabilities wuld be cmfrtable and accepted,” she writes, “but it des nt wrk. It is like trying t fit a square peg in a rund hle.” Martha’s experiences reflected my wn frustratin there: narrw drways and crwded spaces that were difficult fr me t navigate.
Thrughut each stage f her life, Martha excels in fair, inclusive envirnments and struggles greatly therwise. My preferred adaptatin explred in this bk is that f clthing cmpanies wh advertise by using phts in which mdels are seated s that wheelchair users can picture hw it will lk n their bdies.
Martha makes a clear, easy-t-fllw distinctin between when she gets the kind f supprt that makes her life mre equal, and when she des nt. Recunting these hardships never feels like a lecture r a reframing f histry. Instead, Martha has written smething that feels hnest and strikes a balance between serius health cncerns and cnversatins where she’s direct abut sme tugh tpics. This tne is very true t my experience f living with depressin and disability.
This bk will guide nt nly disabled peple but als their caregivers. A lt f valuable advice and life lessns can be learned frm this bk. Her candid accunt f struggles and achievements makes her stry a surce f inspiratin fr thers, shwing that anything is pssible with a sense f humr and determinatin. It’s nt just a tale f survival; it’s a testament (证明) t her strength and reslve.
5. Why des the authr qute Martha’s wrds in paragraph 2?
A. T aruse readers’ care fr the disabled.
B. T reveal the pr service f the hspital.
C. T explain the cause f Martha’s frustratin.
D. T demnstrate ne issue faced by the disabled.
6. What’s the authr’s attitude twards using phts f seated mdels?
A. Ambiguus.B. Dismissive.C. Favrable.D. Indifferent.
7. What des the authr think f In Pursuit f “Nrmal”?
A. It is bring but practical.B. It is classic and mving.
C. It is abstract but engaging.D. It is inspiring and influential.
8. What is the purpse f the text?
A. T teach life lessns.B. T prvide inspiratin fr writers.
C. T recmmend a bk.D. T emphasize the pwer f humr.
【答案】5. D 6. C 7. D 8. C
【导语】这是一篇书评。主要围绕玛莎・西迪所著《追求“正常”》展开，讲述了作者(一位残障人士)阅读此书的感受和评价。
5. 细节理解题。根据第二段“‘The hspital is where yu wuld think disabilities wuld be cmfrtable and accepted,’ she writes, ‘but it des nt wrk. It is like trying t fit a square peg in a rund hle.’ Martha’s experiences reflected my wn frustratin there: narrw drways and crwded spaces that were difficult fr me t navigate. (“你会认为医院是残疾人会感到舒适和被接纳的地方，”她写道，“但事实并非如此。这就像试图把方榫头塞进圆榫眼一样。”玛莎的经历反映了我在那里的挫败感：狭窄的门道和拥挤的空间，我很难在其中通行。)”可知，作者引用玛莎的话是为了说明残疾人面临的问题。故选D项。
6. 推理判断题。根据第三段“My preferred adaptatin explred in this bk is that f clthing cmpanies wh advertise by using phts in which mdels are seated s that wheelchair users can picture hw it will lk n their bdies. (在这本书中，我最喜欢的适应性案例是服装公司的做法，它们通过使用模特坐着的照片来做广告，这样轮椅使用者就能想象出服装穿在自己身上的样子。)”可知，作者对使用坐着模特的照片持支持态度。故选C项。
7. 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Her candid accunt f struggles and achievements makes her stry a surce f inspiratin fr thers, shwing that anything is pssible with a sense f humr and determinatin. It’s nt just a tale f survival; it’s a testament t her strength and reslve. (她对奋斗和成就的坦诚叙述，使她的故事成为他人的灵感来源，表明只要有幽默感和决心，任何事情都是可能的。这不仅仅是一个关于生存的故事，这是对她力量和决心的证明。)”可知，作者认为《追求“正常”》一书是鼓舞人心且有影响力的。故选D项。
8. 推理判断题。整篇文章是作者在分享自己阅读《追求“正常”》后的个人感受和评价，阐述了这本书的内容、优点以及其目标读者(残障人士及其护理者)，目的是向读者介绍并推荐这本书。故选C项。
写作手法题3篇
【名师点津】
高考阅读理解主要考查下定义、分类说明、列举例证和对比等写作手法。其中“引用”和“例证”是议论文和说明文中最常用的写作手法之一，其共同目的就是增强说服力，服务于段落或篇章的主旨。
一、根据文章题材来判断。
①记叙文多采取以时间为序、以空间为序、以故事情节发展为序等叙事方式进行写作。
②说明文往往采取下定义、举例子、列数字、对比等方式使说明更清晰或更具说服力。
③议论文大多通过举例子、列数字、引名言、作对比是使得观点更可信，更有权威性。
二、根据“原文定位”来判断。
先根据题干判断是具体某段还是全文写作手法，然后寻找标志词，进而找到答案。
①by giving examples 通过举例。标志词:fr example, fr instance
②by analyzing causes通过分析原因。标志词：as a result/cnsequence
③by giving definitins通过下定义。标志词：that is t say
④by listing data/statistics通过列数字。标志词：具体数字
⑤by describing a prcess通过描述过程。标志词：first, secnd, third, finally
⑥by fllwing time rder 遵循时间顺序。标志词：in 1920，in the 1940s, nwadays
⑦by making cmparisns/cntrast 通过对比。标志词：but, while,
⑧by making classificatins 通过分类。标志词：first, next, then
⑨by analyzing cause and effect 通过分析因果。标志词：That is because….
⑩by fllwing space rder 遵循空间顺序。标志词：由近及远，由外到内
【高考真题】
(2025全国I卷) Micrplastics have becme a cmmn surce f pllutin acrss the Earth — they have settled in the deep sea and n the Himalayas, stuck inside vlcanic rcks, filled the stmachs f seabirds and even fallen in fresh Antarctic snw. They are even appearing inside humans.
Nw, new research suggests that a simple, cheap measure may significantly reduce the level f micrplastics in water frm yur tap (水龙头): biling and filtering (过滤) it. In a study published Wednesday in Envirnmental Science & Technlgy Letters, researchers frm China fund that biling tap water fr just five minutes — then filtering it after it cls — culd remve at least 80 percent f its micrplastics.
Crucially, this prcess relies n the water cntaining enugh calcium carbnate (碳酸钙) t trap the plastics. In the study, biling hard water cntaining 300 milligrams f calcium carbnate led t an almst 90 percent drp in plastics. But in samples with less than 60 milligrams f calcium carbnate, biling reduced the level f plastics by just 25 percent. Additinally, the research didn’t include all types f plastics. The team fcused nly n three cmmn types — plystyrene, plyethylene and plyprpylene — and they didn’t study ther chemicals previusly fund in water such as vinyl chlride.
Still, the findings shw a ptential path frward fr reducing micrplastic expsure — a task that’s becming increasingly difficult. Even bttled water, scientists fund earlier this year, cntains 10 t 1,000 times mre micrplastics than riginally thught.
Scientists are still trying t determine hw harmful micrplastics are — but what they d knw has raised cncerns. The new study suggests biling tap water culd be a tl t limit intake. “The way they demnstrated hw micrplastics were trapped thrugh the biling prcess was nice,” Carline Gauchtte-Lindsay, an envirnmental engineer f the University f Glasgw in Sctland wh was nt invlved in the research, tells New Scientist. “We shuld be lking int upgrading drinking water treatment plants s they remve micrplastics.”
32. Hw des the authr present the issue in the first paragraph?
A. By quting an expert.B. By defining a cncept.
C. By giving examples.D. By prviding statistics.
33. What determines the effectiveness f trapping micrplastics in water?
A. The hardness f water.B. The length f cling time.
C The frequency f filtering.D. The type f plastic in water.
34. What des the authr try t illustrate by mentining bttled water in paragraph 4?
A. The imprtance f plastic recycling.B. The severity f the micrplastic prblem.
C. The danger in verusing pure water.D. The difficulty in treating plluted water.
35. What is Gauchtte-Lindsay’s suggestin abut?
A. Chice f new research methds.B. Pssible directin fr further study.
C. Need t invlve mre researchers.D. Ptential applicatin f the findings.
【答案】32. C 33. A 34. B 35. D
【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了一项关于减少自来水中微塑料污染的新研究。微塑料污染已遍及全球，甚至进入人体。中国研究人员发现，将自来水煮沸五分钟并冷却后过滤。研究虽未涵盖所有塑料类型和化学物质，但揭示了一种潜在解决方案。苏格兰环境工程师指出，该研究展示了煮沸法的有效性，并建议升级饮用水处理厂以推广应用。
32.推理判断题。根据第一段内容“Micrplastics have becme a cmmn surce f pllutin acrss the Earth — they have settled in the deep sea and n the Himalayas, stuck inside vlcanic rcks, filled the stmachs f seabirds and even fallen in fresh Antarctic snw. They are even appearing inside humans.(微塑料已经成为地球上常见的污染源——它们出现在在深海和喜马拉雅山上，被困在火山岩中，填满海鸟的胃，甚至落在南极的新雪中。它们甚至出现了在人类身体里。)”可推断，作者通过举例提出微塑料污染的问题。故选C。
33.细节理解题。根据第二段的“Crucially, this prcess relies n the water cntaining enugh calcium carbnate (碳酸钙) t trap the plastics. In the study, biling hard water cntaining 300 milligrams f calcium carbnate led t an almst 90 percent drp in plastics. But in samples with less than 60 milligrams f calcium carbnate, biling reduced the level f plastics by just 25 percent.( 至关重要的是，这一过程依赖于含有足够碳酸钙的水来捕获塑料。在这项研究中，将含有300毫克碳酸钙的硬水煮沸后，塑料含量下降了近90%。但在碳酸钙含量低于60毫克的样品中，煮沸只降低了25%的塑料含量。)”可知，决定在水中捕获微塑料的有效性的事水的硬度。故选A。
34.推理判断题。根据第四段的“Still, the findings shw a ptential path frward fr reducing micrplastic expsure — a task that’s becming increasingly diffcult. Even bttled water, scientists fund earlier this year, cntains 10 t 1,000 times mre micrplastics than riginally thught.( 尽管如此，研究结果显示了减少微塑料接触的潜在途径——这一任务正变得越来越困难。今年早些时候，科学家们发现，即使是瓶装水，其微塑料含量也比原先想象的高出10到1000倍。)”可推断，作者提到瓶装水是为了说明微塑料污染的严重性。故选B。
35.细节理解题。根据最后一段的““The way they demnstrated hw micrplastics were trapped thrugh the biling prcess was nice,” Carline Gauchtte-Lindsay, an envirnmental engineer f the University f Glasgw in Sctland wh was nt invlved in the research, tells New Scientist. “We shuld be lking int upgrading drinking water treatment plants s they remve micrplastics.”( 格兰格拉斯哥大学的环境工程师卡罗琳•高肖特-林赛（Carline Gauchtte-Lindsay）没有参与这项研究，她告诉《新科学家》杂志：“他们展示的微塑料是如何通过煮沸过程被捕获的方式很好。”“我们应该考虑升级饮用水处理厂，这样它们就能去除微塑料。”)”可知，Gauchtte-Lindsay提出了这项发现的潜在应用，升级饮用水处理厂。故选D。
【名校模拟】
（25-26高三上·河北保定·开学考试）Are yu a fan f spending yur lunch breaks in a park? Or d yu walk yur dg in a park each mrning and evening? Well, if yu d, we have gd news fr yu: Studies have cnfirmed that spending just 20 minutes in a park every day will make yu happier and less stressed—regardless f whether r nt yu’re exercising while yu’re there.
A recent study frm University f Michigan suggests that spending at least 20 minutes wandering r sitting in a place where yu’re in cntact with nature significantly lwers stress levels. “Our study shws that fr the greatest payff, in terms f efficiently lwering levels f stress, yu shuld spend 20 t 30 minutes sitting r walking in a place that prvides yu with a sense f nature,” says lead researcher Mary Carl Hunter. “Yu dn’t have t travel t the wildlands. Getting ut f an ffice blck and sitting next t a tree can be enugh.”
Meanwhile, anther study by King’s Cllege Lndn researchers finds that being utdrs, seeing trees, hearing birdsng, lking at the sky, and feeling in cntact with nature are assciated with higher levels f mental well-being. In sme cases, these beneficial effects impact peple psitively fr up t seven hurs afterwards.
The latest research, published tday by Aarhus University, Denmark, suggests that children wh grw up with greener surrundings have up t 55% less risk f develping varius mental disrders later in life.
The results are perhaps unsurprising. Multiple studies have previusly highlighted the benefits f nature n a persn’s mental health and emphasized the need fr designing greener cities fr the future and prtecting ur existing parks. Hwever, the challenge facing cities is that planners and develpers are eager t replace green space with residential and cmmercial buildings.
1. What will Mary Carl Hunter mst prbably advise us t d t reduce stress?
A. Put sme flwers in the ffice.
B. Spend 25 minutes in nature each day.
C. G t wildlands nce a week.
D. D exercise each mrning at hme.
2. What is paragraph 4 mainly abut?
A. The challenge facing cities.
B. The healing effects f trees.
C. Nature’s impact n efficiency.
D. The lasting influence f green space.
3. What message des the authr seem t cnvey in the last paragraph?
A. The cnclusin f the studies is nt reliable.
B. The studies have grund-breaking significance.
C. The urban planning is ging in a wrng directin.
D. Cities will becme greener and healthier in the future.
4. Hw is the text mainly develped?
A. By listing examples.B. By analyzing data.
C. By cnducting surveys.D. By making cmparisns.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 4. A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是自然环境对人类心理健康的积极影响，并通过多项研究结果呼吁保护和增加城市中的绿色空间。
1. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Our study shws that fr the greatest payff, in terms f efficiently lwering levels f stress, yu shuld spend 20 t 30 minutes sitting r walking in a place that prvides yu with a sense f nature(我们的研究表明，要想获得最大的回报，就有效地降低压力水平而言，你应该花20到30分钟坐在或走在一个能让你感受到大自然的地方)”和“Yu dn’t have t travel t the wildlands. Getting ut f an ffice blck and sitting next t a tree can be enugh.(你不需要去荒野。走出办公大楼，坐在一棵树旁就足够了。)”可知，Mary Carl Hunter最有可能建议我们每天花25分钟在大自然中来减轻压力。故选B。
2. 主旨大意题。根据第四段“The latest research, published tday by Aarhus University, Denmark, suggests that children wh grw up with greener surrundings have up t 55% less risk f develping varius mental disrders later in life.(丹麦奥胡斯大学今天发表的最新研究表明，在更环保的环境中长大的儿童在以后的生活中患各种精神障碍的风险降低了55%。)”可知，第四段的主要内容是绿色空间的持久影响。故选D。
3. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Hwever, the challenge facing cities is that planners and develpers are eager t replace green space with residential and cmmercial buildings.(然而，城市面临的挑战是，规划者和开发商急于用住宅和商业建筑取代绿色空间。)”可知，作者在最后一段似乎传达的信息是城市规划正朝着错误的方向发展。故选C。
4. 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Studies have cnfirmed that spending just 20 minutes in a park every day will make yu happier and less stressed—regardless f whether r nt yu’re exercising while yu’re there.(研究已经证实，每天在公园里呆20分钟会让你更快乐，压力更小——不管你在那里是否锻炼。)”可知，本文是通过举一些研究的例子来展开的，故选A。
（2025·安徽·三模）What’s black and white and read all ver? Newspapers used t be the answer. But nw, they’ve lst their appeal fr many. In a recent survey, nly 19% f yung peple aged 18 t 34 said they read newspapers daily. Instead, 37% prefer lcal TV news, while 44% turn t nline news sites. The way we get news has clearly changed.
Just a generatin r tw ag, the newspaper was the main way in which many peple gt their news. But nw, “there’s a revlutin in the way yung peple access news,” says media cnsultant Merrill Brwn. Nearly every hme has at least ne TV set. There’s high-speed, wireless Internet access in many cafes. Cell phnes handle text messages and can take pictures and dwnlad e-mails. Yu n lnger have t wait fr a bundle f newsprint t arrive n yur drstep every mrning.
One prblem is that many news rganizatins refuse t see the ptential f the Web, says new media specialist Bb Cauthrn. Fr thse wh d, hwever, the Internet is rapidly changing the way jurnalists wrk. Traditinal newspaper articles are suppsed t be read frm beginning t end. With web pages, yu can zer in n the things yu’re interested in, then fllw links t ther surces. Yu can jin discussin grups, read ther peple’s reactins t a tpic, r start a blg — a type f nline diary — t express yur wn views and cllect cmments. In this wrld f “new media,” straight lines n lnger apply, says Jane Ellen Stevens, a multimedia jurnalist. “It’s nt 1, 2, 3, 4, ” she says, “but this, that, and anther.”
Raised n MTV and vide games, tday’s kids and yung adults want flashy displays, special effects, instant access t infrmatin, and the chance t interact in real time, even when they’re reading abut serius issues. If newspapers can’t find creative ways t be mre than just ink n paper, sme experts suggest, they might disappear cmpletely.
5. Hw is Paragraph 1 mainly develped?
A. By cmparing data.B. By presenting facts.
C. By listing examples.D. By explaining reasns.
6. What can be inferred frm Brwn’s wrds?
A. Prcessing news is revlutinary.
B. New technlgies are favred by many.
C. TV sets started the fashin f mass media.
D. It takes lng t deliver newspapers t readers.
7. What message des Paragraph 3 want t cnvey?
A. Fllwing links t resurces is prmising.
B. Much remains t be dne n the webpage.
C. New technlgies have changed news delivery.
D. New media allws mre freedm and chices.
8. Hw des the authr feel abut newspapers’ future?
A. Critical.B. Optimistic.C. Cncerned.D. Indifferent.
【答案】5. A 6. B 7. D 8. C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了随着科技的发展，人们获取新闻的方式发生了巨大的变化，从传统的报纸转向了电视、网络等新媒体。
5. 推理判断题。根据第一段“In a recent survey, nly 19% f yung peple aged 18 t 34 said they read newspapers daily. Instead, 37% prefer lcal TV news, while 44% turn t nline news sites.(在最近的一项调查中，只有19%的18至34岁的年轻人表示他们每天阅读报纸。相反，37%的人更喜欢当地的电视新闻，而44%的人则转向在线新闻网站)”可知，第一段通过比较数据展开。故选A。
6. 推理判断题。根据第二段“But nw, “there’s a revlutin in the way yung peple access news,” says media cnsultant Merrill Brwn.(但是现在，媒体顾问Merrill Brwn说：“年轻人获取新闻的方式正在发生一场革命。”)”可知，从Brwn的话中可以推断出新技术受到许多人的青睐。故选B。
7. 主旨大意题。根据第三段“With web pages, yu can zer in n the things yu’re interested in, then fllw links t ther surces. Yu can jin discussin grups, read ther peple’s reactins t a tpic, r start a blg — a type f nline diary — t express yur wn views and cllect cmments.(有了网页，你可以专注于你感兴趣的东西，然后链接到其他资源。你可以加入讨论组，阅读其他人对某个话题的反应，或者开始写博客——一种在线日记——来表达你自己的观点并收集评论)”可知，第三段想要传达的信息是新媒体提供了更多的自由和选择。故选D。
8. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Raised n MTV and vide games, tday’s kids and yung adults want flashy displays, special effects, instant access t infrmatin, and the chance t interact in real time, even when they’re reading abut serius issues. If newspapers can’t find creative ways t be mre than just ink n paper, sme experts suggest, they might disappear cmpletely.(今天的孩子和年轻人是在MTV和电子游戏中长大的，他们想要华丽的展示、特效、即时获取信息，以及实时互动的机会，即使他们正在阅读严肃的问题。一些专家建议，如果报纸不能找到创造性的方式，让自己不仅仅是纸上的墨水，它们可能会完全消失)”可知，作者对报纸的未来感到担忧。故选C。
写作意图题3篇
【名师点津】
每篇文章都有一个特定的写作目的，或是向读者传递某个信息，或是愉悦读者，或是讲授某个道理。而这些信息通常并不是明确表达出 来，而是隐含在文章 之中。因此，这类问题要求考生在理解文章总体内 容的基础上，去领会作者的言外之意。
1. 主旨推断法。
写作意图与文章主旨密切相关，因此，解答这类题跟解答主旨大意题和选择文章标题一样，用略读法，即重点关注文章首尾段和各段的首尾句，找到主题句，抓住文章主旨，然后由主旨来推断作者的写作目的。议论文、新闻报道、说明文等，其主题句多在文首。
2. 文体推断法。
①应用文广告的目的是吸引更多顾客、游客、读者、订户、观众等订阅或前往（t attract readers）。
②记叙文的目的是分享有趣的经历、告诉一个有趣的故事（t entertain readers）、或给读者某种启示。
③说明文的目的是使读者获得某种知识（t infrm readers），提出建议、劝告或呼吁有关部门给予重视。
④议论文的目的通常是说服读者接受或赞同某一观点（t persuade readers），倡导某种做法等。
【高考真题】
(2024新课标II卷) Given the astnishing ptential f AI t transfrm ur lives, we all need t take actin t deal with ur AI-pwered future, and this is where AI by Design: A Plan fr Living with Artificial Intelligence cmes in. This absrbing new bk by Catrina Campbell is a practical radmap addressing the challenges psed by the frthcming AI revlutin (变革).
In the wrng hands, such a bk culd prve as cmplicated t prcess as the cmputer cde (代码) that pwers AI but, thankfully, Campbell has mre than tw decades’ prfessinal experience translating the heady int the understandable. She writes frm the practical angle f a business persn rather than as an academic, making fr a guide which is highly accessible and infrmative and which, by the clse, will make yu feel almst as smart as AI.
As we sn cme t learn frm AI by Design, AI is already super-smart and will becme mre capable, mving frm the current generatin f “narrw-AI” t Artificial General Intelligence. Frm there, Campbell says, will cme Artificial Dminant Intelligence. This is why Campbell has set ut t raise awareness f AI and its future nw-several decades befre these develpments are expected t take place. She says it is essential that we keep cntrl f artificial intelligence, r risk being sidelined and perhaps even wrse.
Campbell’s pint is t wake up thse respnsible fr AI-the technlgy cmpanies and wrld leaders-s they are n the same page as all the experts currently develping it. She explains we are at a “tipping pint” in histry and must act nw t prevent an extinctin-level event fr humanity. We need t cnsider hw we want ur future with Al t pan ut. Such structured thinking, fllwed by glbal regulatin, will enable us t achieve greatness rather than ur dwnfall.
AI will affect us all, and if yu nly read ne bk n the subject, this is it.
32. What des the phrase “In the wrng hands” in paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A. If read by smene prly educated.
B. If reviewed by smene ill-intentined.
C. If written by smene less cmpetent.
D. If translated by smene unacademic.
33. What is a feature f AI by Design accrding t the text?
A. It is packed with cmplex cdes.
B. It adpts a dwn-t-earth writing style.
C. It prvides step-by-step instructins.
D. It is intended fr AI prfessinals.
34. What des Campbell urge peple t d regarding AI develpment?
A. Observe existing regulatins n it.
B. Recnsider expert pinins abut it.
C. Make jint effrts t keep it under cntrl.
D. Learn frm prir experience t slw it dwn.
35. What is the authr’s purpse in writing the text?
A. T recmmend a bk n AI.
B. T give a brief accunt f AI histry.
C. T clarify the definitin f AI.
D. T hnr an utstanding AI expert.
【答案】32. C 33. B 34. C 35. A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Catrina Campbell所著AI by Design: A Plan fr Living with Artificial Intelligence一书。该书作为应对AI革命挑战的实用指南，以商业视角阐述AI发展现状与前景，强调控制AI的重要性，呼吁各界协同确保人工智能安全发展，以防潜在危机。
32.词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“such a bk culd prve as cmplicated t prcess as the cmputer cde (代码) that pwers AI but, thankfully, Campbell has mre than tw decades' prfessinal experience translating the heady int the understandable. She writes frm the practical angle f a business persn rather than as an academic, making fr a guide which is highly accessible and infrmative and which, by the clse, will make yu feel almst as smart as AI. (这样一本书可能会像驱动人工智能的计算机代码一样复杂，但值得庆幸的是，坎贝尔有20多年的专业经验，可以将令人兴奋的内容转化为可理解的内容。她从商业人士的实际角度而不是学者的角度出发，撰写了一本非常通俗易懂、内容丰富的指南，读完后会让你觉得自己几乎和人工智能一样聪明)”可知，坎贝尔撰写的这本书是通俗易懂的，如果别人写这本书的话可能就不是这样了，推测划线短语表示 “如果是由能力较差的人写的”。故选C项。
33. 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“thankfully, Campbell has mre than tw decades’ prfessinal experience translating the heady int the understandable. She writes frm the practical angle f a business persn rather than as an academic, making fr a guide which is highly accessible and infrmative and which, by the clse, will make yu feel almst as smart as AI.(值得庆幸的是，坎贝尔有20多年的专业经验，可以将令人兴奋的内容转化为可理解的内容。她从商业人士的实际角度而不是学者的角度出发，撰写了一本非常通俗易懂、内容丰富的指南，读完后会让你觉得自己几乎和人工智能一样聪明)”可知，坎贝尔在书中将令人兴奋的内容转化为可理解的内容，这本书的特点是通俗易懂，推测它采用了接地气的写作风格。故选B项。
34.细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“She says it is essential that we keep cntrl f artificial intelligence, r risk being sidelined and perhaps even wrse. (她说，我们必须保持对人工智能的控制，否则就有被边缘化甚至更糟的风险)”和文章最后一段“We need t cnsider hw we want ur future with AI t pan ut. Such structured thinking, fllwed by glbal regulatin, will enable us t achieve greatness rather than ur dwnfall. (我们需要考虑我们希望人工智能的未来如何发展。这种结构化的思维，加上全球监管，将使我们走向伟大，而不是走向衰败)”可知，坎贝尔敦促人们保持对人工智能的控制，考虑人工智能的未来应如何发展，所以关于人工智能的发展，坎贝尔敦促人们共同努力将其控制住。故选C项。
35. 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Given the astnishing ptential f AI t transfrm ur lives, we all need t take actin t deal with ur AI-pwered future, and this is where AI by Design: A Plan fr Living with Artificial Intelligence cmes in. This absrbing new bk by Catrina Campbell is a practical radmap addressing the challenges psed by the frthcming AI revlutin (变革). (考虑到人工智能改变我们生活的惊人潜力，我们都需要采取行动来应对人工智能驱动的未来，这正是AI by Design: A Plan fr Living with Artificial Intelligence的用武之地。卡特里奥娜·坎贝尔撰写的这本引人入胜的新书是一本实用的路线图，旨在应对即将到来的人工智能革命带来的挑战)”和文章最后一段“AI will affect us all, and if yu nly read ne bk n the subject, this is it. (人工智能将影响我们所有人，如果你只读一本关于这个主题的书，那就是这本书)”可知，本文主要介绍了Catrina Campbell所著AI by Design: A Plan fr Living with Artificial Intelligence一书，该书作为应对AI革命挑战的实用指南，以商业视角阐述AI发展现状与前景，强调控制AI的重要性，呼吁各界协同确保人工智能安全发展，以防潜在危机，所以作者写这篇文章的目的是推荐一本关于人工智能的书。故选A项。
【名校模拟】
（25-26高三上·广东·开学考试）Mtivatinal qutes. Vides f Steve Jbs saying abslutely anything. A shrt part f a film is shwing that a baby elephant is being rescued frm a river. Yu d nt have t scrll (滚屏) fr lng n LinkedIn, a netwrking site suppsedly fr peple at wrk, t find “inspiratinal” cntent. But fr leaders interested in hw t mtivate the peple arund them, there is a better ptin-a bk titled Inspire, by Adam Galinsky.
At sme level, advice n hw t inspire staff is silly. It’s usually blindingly bvius — be gd at yur jb, be passinate abut the rganizatin, make peple and leadership teams feel valued. But believe me, yu can find mre insights in Galinsky’s bk. Fr example, lts f firms use a successin f abstract wrds t cnvey their gal, such as “change”, “innvate” and “cnnect”. The result is less a missin than a md. But Inspire really helps yu ut.
Mr Galinsky cites an experiment that shwed the effect f mre cncrete language, in which teams were asked t design tys and given a visin statement t guide their behavir. The result shwed that teams wh were handed a statement with mre visual language — t create tys that make wide-eyed kids laugh and prud parents smile — prduced mre engaging tys than teams wh were given smething mre generic (通用的).
The mst striking idea in Mr. Galinsky’s bk is that instead f bsses mtivating peple frm abve, individuals can mtivate themselves. And a study cnducted recently supprts this claim. In the study, nearly 3,000 emplyees at a cnsumer-gds firm were randmly assigned t take part in a self-reflectin exercise that helped them t think abut hw their current jbs matched their wn sense f purpse.
The researcher fund that thse whse jbs did nt inspire them tended t leave, and that thse wh fund that their purpse and their jb were in line with the firm’s gals tended t put in mre effrt. Since the departure f uninspired emplyees and the increased effrt f mtivated nes cllectively cntributed t a mre efficient wrkfrce, this experiment is cnducive t the firm’s verall perfrmance.
Managers play a huge rle in mtivating their peple, but inspiratin can be bttm-up as well as tp-dwn. Dn’t just tell yur team what Steve Jbs said. Ask why their jbs matter t them.
1. What des the authr think f Galinsky’s bk Inspire?
A. Challenging.B. Cnfusing.C. Humrus.D. Practical.
2. What can be inferred frm the ty design experiment?
A. Emtinal appeal utweighs functinal design.
B. Ty design shuld center n children’s demands.
C. Specific instructins prduce mre creative utcmes.
D. Parental apprval determines ty prducts’ success.
3. What des the underlined wrd “cnducive” in paragraph 5 prbably mean?
A. Regular.B. Beneficial.C. Trublesme.D. Superir.
4. What is the authr’s purpse in writing the text?
A. T prvide helpful insights int hw t inspire emplyees.
B. T highlight the significance f inspiratin in grup perfrmance.
C. T shw the prblems f existing emplyee mtivatin measures.
D. T urge management t place greater emphasis n staff mtivatin.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B 4. A
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要探讨了Adam Galinsky的Inspire一书介绍的具体视觉语言、自我反省练习在激发员工行动方面的作用。
1. 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“But believe me, yu can find mre insights in Galinsky’s bk. Fr example, lts f firms use a successin f abstract wrds t cnvey their gal, such as “change”, “innvate” and “cnnect”. The result is less a missin than a md. But Inspire really helps yu ut. (但相信我，你能在Galinsky的书中找到更多深刻见解。例如，很多公司用一连串抽象词汇来传达目标，比如“变革”“创新”和“联结”。结果与其说是一项使命，不如说是一种氛围。但Inspire确实能帮你解决这个问题。)”可知，作者认为该书能提供切实有用的帮助，具有实用性。故选D项。
2. 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Mr Galinsky cites an experiment that shwed the effect f mre cncrete language, in which teams were asked t design tys and given a visin statement t guide their behavir. The result shwed that teams wh were handed a statement with mre visual language — t create tys that make wide-eyed kids laugh and prud parents smile — prduced mre engaging tys than teams wh were given smething mre generic. (Galinsky先生引用了一项实验，该实验展示了更具体语言的效果。在实验中，各团队被要求设计玩具，并得到一份愿景声明来指导其行为。结果显示，收到带有更多直观描述语句——即设计出能让睁大眼睛的孩子发笑、让自豪的父母微笑的玩具——的团队，比收到更通用描述语句的团队设计出的玩具更具吸引力。)”可知，具体的指导能让团队产出更具吸引力的成果，即具体指令能带来更有创意的结果。故选C项。
3. 词句猜测题。根据第五段中的“Since the departure f uninspired emplyees and the increased effrt f mtivated nes cllectively cntributed t a mre efficient wrkfrce, this experiment is cnducive t the firm’s verall perfrmance. (由于缺乏动力的员工离职，以及有动力的员工更加努力，这些因素共同促成了更高效的员工队伍，因此这项实验对公司的整体业绩是……。)”可知，实验带来的积极变化能提升公司业绩，由此可知，划线单词“cnducive”与“有益的”意义相近。故选B项。
4. 主旨大意题。根据全文，尤其是第一段中“But fr leaders interested in hw t mtivate the peple arund them, there is a better ptin — a bk titled Inspire, by Adam Galinsky.(但对于想要了解如何激励身边人的领导者来说，还有一个更好的选择——Adam Galinsky所著的Inspire一书。)”和最后一段“Managers play a huge rle in mtivating their peple, but inspiratin can be bttm-up as well as tp-dwn. Dn’t just tell yur team what Steve Jbs said. Ask why their jbs matter t them.(管理者在激励员工方面发挥着重要作用，但激励既可以是自上而下的，也可以是自下而上的。不要只告诉团队史蒂夫•乔布斯说过什么，而是要问问他们，自己的工作对他们而言有何意义。)”可知，本文主要是想通过Inspire一书提供关于如何激励员工的一些有用的见解。故选A项。
（25-26高三上·广东·阶段练习）One f my bad habits is saying “busy” when peple ask me hw I’m ding. Smetimes it’s because I actually am busy, but ther times it’s because that’s what I think I’m suppsed t say. That’s what imprtant peple say. That’s what peple wh get prmted say. But wrking lng hurs desn’t drive better results. Never taking a vacatin wn’t lead t a prmtin. S why are we s prud t talk abut hw busy we are all the time?
In 2016, researchers frm Clumbia, Harvard, and Gergetwn cnducted a study t figure it ut. They fund busy peple are perceived t be f high status, and interestingly, these status attributins are heavily influenced by ur wn beliefs abut scial mbility. In ther wrds, the mre we believe that ne has the pprtunity fr success based n hard wrk, the mre we tend t think that peple wh skip leisure and wrk all the time are f higher standing.
That’s why we feel like we have t appear busy, and there’s a real perceptin that if smene is knee-deep in meetings, emails, and stress, then they’re prbably a big deal. This culture f busyness is making it hard fr emplyees t find wrk-life balance. Accrding t a recent study, ne in five highly engaged emplyees is at risk f burnut.
Persnally, I’m ging t stp saying “busy” when peple ask me hw I am. It sunds self-righteus (自以为是的) and sets the wrng tne. Phrases like “I have limited access t email” and “I’ll respnd as sn as I get back” sund like yu’re being held against yur will frm wrking as ppsed t making the mst f yur time ff.
By rejecting the myth that business equals wrth, we free urselves and thers frm exhaustin. True success isn’t abut wrking harder; it’s abut wrking smarter and finding balance. Let’s redefine what it means t be prductive — and start valuing rest as much as effrt.
5. Hw des the authr intrduce the tpic in the first paragraph?
A. By quting famus peple.B. By presenting statistical data.
C. By cmparing different pinins.D. By intrducing persnal experience.
6. Why d we tend t think that busy peple are f high status?
A. Our status can be attributed t ur scial mbility.
B. We hld the belief that hard wrk leads t success.
C. Our wn pprtunity fr success never cmes easily.
D. We find few peple f high status have time fr leisure.
7. What des the underlined phrase “knee-deep in” in Paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A. Bred with.B. Wrried abut.
C. Fully invlved in.D. Very interested in.
8. What is the authr’s purpse in writing the passage?
A. T advise emplyees n hw t achieve wrk-life balance.
B. T share his persnal experience f vercming a bad habit.
C. T intrduce a study n peple’s attitude twards busyness.
D. T argue against the culture f equating busyness with wrth.
【答案】5. D 6. B 7. C 8. D
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章作者结合个人经历探讨了“忙碌等于价值”这一文化现象，指出其导致工作与生活失衡、员工面临倦怠风险，呼吁重新定义生产力，重视休息与平衡。
5. 推理判断题。根据第一段“One f my bad habits is saying “busy” when peple ask me hw I’m ding. Smetimes it’s because I actually am busy, but ther times it’s because that’s what I think I’m suppsed t say. That’s what imprtant peple say.(我的一个坏习惯是当别人问我过得怎么样时，我总是说“忙”。有时是因为我真的很忙，但其他时候是因为我觉得我应该这么说。)”可知，作者在第一段中通过介绍个人经历来引入话题。故选D。
6. 细节理解题。根据第二段“They fund busy peple are perceived t be f high status, and interestingly, these status attributins are heavily influenced by ur wn beliefs abut scial mbility. In ther wrds, the mre we believe that ne has the pprtunity fr success based n hard wrk, the mre we tend t think that peple wh skip leisure and wrk all the time are f higher standing.(他们发现忙碌的人被认为地位很高，有趣的是，这些地位归因在很大程度上受到我们自己对社会流动性的看法的影响。换句话说，我们越相信一个人有机会通过努力工作取得成功，我们就越倾向于认为那些放弃休闲、一直工作的人地位更高。)”可知，我们倾向于认为忙碌的人地位很高是因为我们相信努力工作会带来成功。故选B。
7. 词句猜测题。根据上文“That’s why we feel like we have t appear busy(这就是为什么我们总觉得自己必须表现得很忙)”和下文“This culture f busyness is making it hard fr emplyees t find wrk-life balance.(这种“忙碌文化”让员工很难找到工作与生活的平衡点。)”可知，人们确实普遍认为，要是有人深陷会议、邮件和压力之中，那他很可能是个重要人物。由此可知，knee-deep in意思是“深陷于”，选项C“Fully invlved in”意思是“完全参与其中”，符合语境。故选C。
8. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“By rejecting the myth that business equals wrth, we free urselves and thers frm exhaustin. True success isn’t abut wrking harder; it’s abut wrking smarter and finding balance. Let’s redefine what it means t be prductive — and start valuing rest as much as effrt.(通过拒绝“忙碌等于价值”这一谬论，我们使自己和他人从疲惫中解脱出来。真正的成功不在于更努力地工作，而在于更聪明地工作并找到平衡。让我们重新定义什么是高效——并开始像重视努力一样重视休息。)”可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是反对将忙碌等同于价值的文化。故选D。
文章寓意题3篇
【名师点津】
1. 关注选项格言或成语含义，甚至言外之意，做题留痕圈。
2. 找到原文相对应的段落或句子描述，进而提炼相应形容词。
3. 比对四个选项，留意答案往往是一对一错，选择最佳答案。
【高考真题】
(2025全国I卷) In my ninth-grade writing class last year, I met a cwby wh saved his twn, a strict father wh demanded his sn earn straight A’s, and a mdern-day Juliet wh died f heartbreak after her parents rejected the lve f her yung life. Mre than nce, I fund myself wndering just hw my students, wh’d created these peple, knew their subjects s well.
But things were different fr their first essay, which was abut the questin: “Why is writing imprtant?” Mst f the essays filled less than ne page, and few cntained a sentence that culd be interpreted as a thesis (论点) statement. I was shcked. Then I realized that the prblem was the questin itself. They culd have written pages n the necessity f cmputers, but writing, in and f itself, simply didn’t strike them as imprtant. This wuld have t change.
As a new unit started, I asked everyne t write a persuasive piece n a health-related tpic f their chice. This time they fund the exercise much mre interesting. Fr the next tw assignments, a persnal-narrative unit fllwed by a creative-writing wrkshp, I nly required that the piece meet the specificatins f its genre (体裁) and that it cntain a thesis. The results were staggering. The students tk n diverse tpics and turned in stries, 10 t 20 pages each, with characters that bradened my view and tuched my heart.
I walked int class believing that writing is imprtant as a means f cmmunicatin. Hwever, my students demnstrated smething mre imprtant t me. When the final bell rang in June, I walked away with a yearbk full f messages abut writing’s mst pwerful significance — the ability t cnnect peple, t put us in anther’s skin, t teach us what it means t be human.
24. Wh are the peple mentined at the beginning f paragraph 1?
A. Ninth graders.B. Students’ parents.
C. Mdern writers.D. Fictinal characters.
25. Why did the students perfrm prly in writing their first essay?
A. They were nt given enugh time.B. They had a very limited vcabulary.
C. They misunderstd the questin.D. They had little interest in the tpic.
26. What des the underlined wrd “staggering” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Mixed.B. Amazing.C. Similar.D. Disturbing.
27. What des the authr’s experience shw?
A. Teaching is learning.B. Still waters run deep.
C. Knwledge is pwer.D. Practice makes perfect.
【答案】24. D 25. D 26. B 27. A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为一名写作课老师，通过教学实践逐渐认识到学生写作动力的来源以及写作真正意义的成长故事。
24. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“In my ninth-grade writing class last year, I met a cwby wh saved his twn, a strict father wh demanded his sn earn straight A’s, and a mdern-day Juliet wh died f heartbreak after her parents rejected the lve f her yung life. Mre than nce, I fund myself wndering just hw my students, wh’d created these peple, knew their subjects s well. (去年，在我九年级的写作课上，我结识了一位拯救了自己小镇的牛仔、一位要求儿子门门功课全得A的严厉父亲，还有一位现代版的朱丽叶——因父母反对她年少的爱情而心碎离世。不止一次，我暗自琢磨，这些塑造了这些人物的学生，究竟是如何如此深谙他们笔下的角色的)”可知，这里提到的牛仔、严厉的父亲和现代版的朱丽叶都是学生在写作中创造出来的虚构人物。故选D。
25.推理判断题。根据第二段中“Mst f the essays filled less than ne page, and few cntained a sentence that culd be interpreted as a thesis (论点) statement. I was shcked. Then I realized that the prblem was the questin itself. They culd have written pages n the necessity f cmputers, but writing, in and f itself, simply didn’t strike them as imprtant.(大多数文章篇幅不足一页，几乎没有包含可被视为论点的句子。我感到震惊。随后我意识到问题出在题目本身。他们本可以就电脑的必要性写下数页内容，但写作本身根本没让他们觉得重要)”可推知，学生们在写第一篇作文时表现不佳，是因为他们对写作这个话题本身不感兴趣。故选D。
26.词句猜测题。根据第三段中“The results were staggering. The students tk n diverse tpics and turned in stries, 10 t 20 pages each, with characters that bradened my view and tuched my heart. (结果是staggering。学生们选取了多样的主题，交上来的故事每篇都有10到20页长，其中的人物拓宽了我的视野，也触动了我的心)”可知，学生们写出了内容丰富、打动人心的故事，与之前的表现形成强烈对比。staggering意为“令人震惊的、惊人的”，与B选项“Amazing(惊人的)”语义一致。故选B。
27.推理判断题。根据最后一段“I walked int class believing that writing is imprtant as a means f cmmunicatin. Hwever, my students demnstrated smething mre imprtant t me. When the final bell rang in June, I walked away with a yearbk full f messages abut writing’s mst pwerful significance — the ability t cnnect peple, t put us in anther’s skin, t teach us what it means t be human. (我走进教室时坚信写作作为一种交流方式至关重要。然而，学生们向我展示了更为重要的东西。当六月的下课铃响起时，我带着一本满是留言的年鉴离开——这些留言诉说着写作最强大的意义：它能连接人与人，让我们换位思考，教会我们身为人类的真谛)”结合全文内容可知，文章通过作者的教学经历，说明她在教导学生的同时，自己也领悟到写作的真正意义，这一过程体现了“教学相长”的理念。选项A“Teaching is learning(教学相长)”符合文中描述的作者通过教学获得的新认识。故选A。
【名校模拟】
（25-26高三上·山东·阶段练习）A stry f friendship between a human and a beast is familiar, but ne between a man and a penguin is rare. It began when 71-year-ld Brazilian fisherman Ja fund an il-cvered penguin n a Ri de Janeir beach, clse t death.
The kindhearted fisherman knew that he culd nt simply walk away frm the pr penguin. S Ja cleaned the il ff the penguin’s feathers and nursed it back t health. He started taking care f the pr penguin and fed it with fish t recver the energy it had lst. Sn, he decided t name his newfund friend Dindim. Right after Dindim was able t recver, Ja attempted t release the penguin back int the sea. Hwever, Dindim wuld nt leave his side.
If yu are thinking that their ne-f-a-kind friendship ended there, then yu are in fr a big surprise! Apparently, Dindim was s tuched by the lcal fisherman’s kind gesture that it cannt frget abut him and cnsidered where he lives as its secnd hme. Hence, each year, Dindim wuld travel ver 5,000 miles just t see and be reunited with Ja, the man wh saved its life. In fact, fr the past fur years, Dindim has already spent 8 mnths f the year with the kindhearted fisherman in its secnd hme.
Accrding t Prfessr Krajweski, the ne wh interviewed Ja fr Glb TV, Dindim was the first ever penguin that he had encuntered t be sweet, thughtful, and attached t its rescuer. But he has an explanatin abut such remarkable incident. Meanwhile, this heartwarming stry f a unique friendship has made its way t the big screen. In My Penguin Friend, Brazilian directr David Schurmann adds creative tuches t the true stry, smetimes ging beynd the riginal facts. Althugh Schurmann aimed t subtly (巧妙地)include an envirnmental message, his main gal was t ffer hpe and relief t audiences.
1. Hw did Ja help Dindim?
A. He released it int the sea.
B. He called nurses t clean it.
C. He trained it in learning tricks.
D. He helped it t restre strength.
2. What d we learn abut Dindim?
A. It pssessed a gd memry.
B. It imprved its swimming skills.
C. It frmed a strng bnd with Ja.
D. It built its secnd hme n the island.
3. What was Schurmann’s primary gal t make My Penguin Friend?
A. T uplift viewers.B. T aruse attentin.
C. T infrm audiences.D. T dcument a stry.
4. What message des the stry try t cnvey?
A. Lve me, lve my dg.B. Gd deeds bring gd returns.
C. Every clud has a silver lining.D. Birds f a feather flck tgether.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A 4. B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了巴西渔民Ja救了企鹅Dindim；Dindim每年都回到他身边。他们的故事被拍成了电影《我的企鹅朋友》，主要是为了给观众希望。
1. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“S Ja cleaned the il ff the penguin’s feathers and nursed it back t health. He started taking care f the pr penguin and fed it with fish t recver the energy it had lst.(于是，Ja清理了企鹅羽毛上的油，并照顾它恢复健康。他开始照顾这只可怜的企鹅，用鱼喂它以恢复它失去的能量)”可知，Ja清洁企鹅羽毛、喂养它以恢复体力。故选D项。
2. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Hence, each year, Dindim wuld travel ver 5,000 miles just t see and be reunited with Ja, the man wh saved its life. In fact, fr the past fur years, Dindim has already spent 8 mnths f the year with the kindhearted fisherman in its secnd hme.(因此，每年，Dindim都要跋涉5000多英里去看望并与救了它一命的人Ja团聚。事实上，在过去的四年里，Dindim每年都有8个月的时间和这位善良的渔民一起住在他的第二个家)”可知， Dindim不愿离开Ja，每年长途跋涉归来相聚，说明二者建立了紧密联系。故选C项。
3. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Althugh Schurmann aimed t subtly (巧妙地)include an envirnmental message, his main gal was t ffer hpe and relief t audiences.(虽然Schurmann的目的是巧妙地包含环境信息，但他的主要目标是给观众带来希望和宽慰)”可推知，Schurmann制作《我的企鹅朋友》的主要目的是为了鼓舞观众。故选A项。
4. 推理判断题。根据文章大意以及第三段中“Hence, each year, Dindim wuld travel ver 5,000 miles just t see and be reunited with Ja, the man wh saved its life. In fact, fr the past fur years, Dindim has already spent 8 mnths f the year with the kindhearted fisherman in its secnd hme.(因此，每年，Dindim都要跋涉5000多英里去看望并与救了它一命的人Ja团聚。事实上，在过去的四年里，Dindim每年都有8个月的时间和这位善良的渔民一起住在他的第二个家)”可知，故事核心是Ja的善举（救助Dindim）换来Dindim的忠诚陪伴（每年归来）。由此推知，这个故事想要传达“善举有善报”这个信息。故选B项。
（25-26高三上·湖南长沙·阶段练习）When Tina Farr visits the year 2 classrm at her Oxfrd primary schl, she can feel the changed atmsphere since play was put firmly back n the curriculum (课程). “The children cme running up with things they have made. There is always a shp n the g s they will be pricing up smething r finding change,” the headteacher says.
Play-based learning — letting children mve arund, make up games and explre within lsely guided activities — usually stps when they attend primary schl. Lessns then becme desk-based, fcused n reading and writing.
Farr had lng champined the value f play, wrking hard t bring it int breaktimes. “Teachers wuld recgnise what we d and it desn’t take any mre planning than the standard apprach.” With play-based learning in place fr her year 1 and 2 children, Farr then lked at where else she culd change any practices that weren’t wrking. “If a practice isn’t in line with healthy child develpment, why are we ding it?”
The schl’s year 5 children — aged 9 and 10 — were struggling t sit still in a tight space s she remved all the furniture. “The impact was immediate and impressive. Children nw chse where and hw t learn. A class nce struggling with attentin is nw calm and engaged.” A teacher nted: “Their self-regulatin has imprved greatly. They settle dwn t wrk much mre readily.”
Farr believes the utdated system needs urgent change. “We have neurscience (神经科学) tell us children learn thrugh play.” In June the schl sailed thrugh its Ofsted inspectin. “The inspectr really understd ur play-based learning.” Farr’s message is that her apprach can be rlled ut. “It’s blwn my mind hw engaged the children are. It’s phenmenal,” she says.
5. What change des Farr bring t her schl?
A. Additinal incme.B. Flexible envirnments.
C. Upgraded equipmentD. Diverse utdr games.
6. Why did Farr decide t change ther ineffective practices?
A. T reduce teachers’ wrklad.B. T enhance the schl’s reputatin.
C. T imprve students’ academic results.D. T prmte kids’ well-being and grwth.
7. Which f the fllwing can best describe Farr accrding t the last paragraph?
A. Firm and cnfident.B. Mild and cperative.
C. Humble and grunded.D. Merciful and generus.
8. What message des the text mainly cnvey?
A. Actins speak luder than wrds.
B. Keep yur play clean until the last whistle.
C. All wrk and n play makes Jack a dull by.
D. By learning t bey, yu learn t cmmand.
【答案】5. B 6. D 7. A 8. C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述牛津某小学的校长Tina Farr在学校推行以游戏为基础的学习模式，调整教学环境，促进学生健康发展并取得良好效果的故事。
5. 细节理解题。根据第四段“The schl’s year 5 children — aged 9 and 10 — were struggling t sit still in a tight space s she remved all the furniture. “The impact was immediate and impressive. Children nw chse where and hw t learn. A class nce struggling with attentin is nw calm and engaged.”(该校五年级的学生（年龄在9岁和10岁之间）在狭小的空间里很难保持安静坐好，于是她把所有的家具都搬走了。“效果立竿见影且十分显著。孩子们现在可以自主选择学习的地点和方式。曾经难以集中注意力的班级现在变得安静且积极投入了。”)”可知，Farr为学校带来的改变是灵活的学习环境。故选B。
6. 细节理解题。根据第三段“Farr had lng champined the value f play, wrking hard t bring it int breaktimes. “Teachers wuld recgnise what we d and it desn’t take any mre planning than the standard apprach.” With play-based learning in place fr her year 1and 2 children, Farr then lked at where else she culd change any practices that weren’t wrking. “If a practice isn’t in line with healthy child develpment, why are we ding it?”(Farr长期以来一直倡导游戏的价值，并努力将游戏融入课间休息时间。“老师们会认可我们的做法，而且这种做法并不比常规方法需要更多的规划。”在她所教的一年级和二年级学生中实施了基于游戏的学习模式后，法尔开始思考在其他方面还可以对哪些不奏效的实践进行改变。“如果某种做法不符合儿童健康成长的要求，那我们为什么要继续这样做呢？”)”以及第四段中调整家具后学生专注力和自我调节能力提升的效果可知，Farr推行以游戏为基础的学习模式，主要是为了促进孩子的健康和成长。故选D。
7. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Farr believes the utdated system needs urgent change. “We have neurscience (神经科学) tell us children learn thrugh play.” In June the schl sailed thrugh its Ofsted inspectin. “The inspectr really understd ur play-based learning.” Farr’s message is that her apprach can be rlled ut. “It’s blwn my mind hw engaged the children are. It’s phenmenal,” she says.(法尔认为这个过时的体系亟需变革。“神经科学告诉我们，孩子们是通过玩耍来学习的。”今年6月，该校顺利通过了英国教育标准局的检查。“检查员非常理解我们的基于游戏的学习方式。”法尔表示，她的方法是可以推广的。“孩子们的参与度让我大为震惊。这真是太神奇了。”她说)”可知，法尔明确指出“过时的教育体系需要紧急变革”，并依据神经科学强调“儿童通过游戏学习”，还表示自己的方法“可以推广”，同时对学生的投入度感到认可，这些表述体现她对教育理念的“坚定”和对自身方法的“自信”。故选A。
8. 推理判断题。根据第三段“Farr had lng champined the value f play, wrking hard t bring it int breaktimes.(法尔长期以来一直倡导游戏活动的价值，并努力将其引入课间休息时间)”结合主要讲述牛津某小学的校长Tina Farr在学校推行以游戏为基础的学习模式，调整教学环境，促进学生健康发展并取得良好效果的故事可知，文章主要传达了只工作不玩耍，聪明孩子也会变傻。故选C。
高频英语格言或成语20例
1.Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。
2.It is never t ld t learn. 活到老，学到老。
3.Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成。
4.N pains, n gains. 没有付出就没有收获。
5.Cnstant dripping wears away a stne.水滴石穿，绳锯木断。
6.Knwledge starts with practice. 实践出真知。
7.Hnesty is the best plicy. 诚实不欺为上策。
8.A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真情。
9. One gd turn deserves anther. 善有善报。
10. Birds f a feather flck tgether. 物以类聚，人以群分。
11.A gd beginning is half dne. 良好的开端是成功的一半。
12.Experience must be bught. 吃一堑，长一智。
13. The finest diamnd must be cut. 玉不琢，不成器。
14.Rme is nt built in a day. 冰冻三尺，非一日之寒。
15.Actins speak luder than wrds. 行动胜于言辞。
16.A miss is as gd as a mile. 差之毫厘，谬以千里。
17.Every clud has a silver lining. 每朵乌云都有银边，事情总有好的一面。
18.Lk befre yu leap. 三思而后行。
19.Old habits die hard. 旧习难改。
20. Strike while the irn is ht. 趁热打铁。