【03-暑假培优练】专题07 find和with复合结构的用法 (教师版)-2025年新高一英语暑假衔接讲练 (人教版)

这是一份【03-暑假培优练】专题07 find和with复合结构的用法 (教师版)-2025年新高一英语暑假衔接讲练 (人教版)，共22页。试卷主要包含了find复合结构的基本用法，with复合结构的基本用法等内容，欢迎下载使用。
内容早知道
☛第一层 巩固提升练
考点一 find复合结构的基本用法
考点二 with复合结构的基本用法
☛第二层 能力培优练
☛第三层 拓展突破练
☛第四层 高考真题练
find复合结构的基本用法
【知识积累·练前热身】
在find复合结构，即“find +宾语+宾语补足语”结构中，通常可以作宾语补足语的有：名词（短语）、形容词（短语）、副词、介词（短语）、不定式（短语）、现在分词（短语）、过去分词（短语）等。
1.find+宾语+n.
We fund him a her at last.我们最后发现他是一名英雄。
2.find+宾语+adj.
I fund mst f my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful. （新教材人教必修一课本原句P4）我发现我的大多数同学和老师都很友好且乐于助人。
3.find+宾语+adv.
When I called t see him, I fund him ut.当我去拜访他时，发现他不在家。
4.find+宾语+介词短语
She fund herself in a different wrld when she wke up.当她醒过来的时候，她发现自己在一个不同的世界。
5.find+宾语+t d
We find him t be a gd teacher. 我们发现他是一位好老师。
6.find+宾语+ding（表示主动或进行）
When the teacher came int the classrm, he fund all the students laughing and talking.当老师走进教室的时
7.find+宾语+dne（表示被动或完成）
When he arrived, he fund all the wrk dne.当他到达的时候，他发现所有的工作都做完了。
注意：
在此结构中，如果宾语过长，为了保持句子平衡，常用 it 作形式宾语，将真正的宾语置于宾语补足语之后。其句型为：主语+find+it +宾语补足语（adj./n.)+真正的宾语。
think, believe, make, feel 等词常用于此句型。
I think it imprtant fr us t learn English well. 我认为对我们来说学好英语很重要。
1.He fund it necessary fr us ____ (help) and learn frm each ther.
【解析】t help
【解析】他发现我们有必要互帮互助、互相学习。
考查find句式。find it + adj + (fr sb) t d sth: 发现做某事怎么样；其中it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式，因此应该填动词不定式，故填t help。
2.In the reading rm, we fund her ________ (seat) at a desk, with her attentin fixed n a bk.
【答案】seated
【解析】句意：我们发现她在阅览室，正坐在桌旁全神贯注地看书。
考查find复合结构。seat是及物动词，作宾补时，与her构成动宾关系，要用过去分词seated；故填seated。
3.Tm was fund (head) fr the bank．
【答案】heading
【解析】句意：人们发现Tm 朝着银行的方向走去．（find+宾语+宾补）
考查find复合结构。be fund ding sth：被发现做某事，find+宾语+宾补的结构，Tm 朝着银行的方向走去，对Tm来说是主动向前走。故填heading。
4.Hwever, when preparing fr the English speech cntest, I fund it very (challenge) t cllect
infrmatin and use language crrectly.
【答案】challenging
【解析】句意：然而，为英语演讲比赛做准备时，我发现收集信息和正确使用语言非常具有挑战性。
考查find句式。find it + adj + (fr sb) t d sth: 发现做某事怎么样。根据句意可知，该空要用形容词作宾语补足语，故填challenging。
5.I find impssible t cmmunicate with him.
【答案】it
【解析】我发现跟他沟通真的是不可能。
考查it形式宾语。find it + adj + (fr sb) t d sth: 发现做某事怎么样。真正的宾语是t cmmunicate with him。故填it。
6.I fund my wallet (steal) when I gt t the cinema.
【答案】stlen
【解析】句意：当我到达电影院时，我发现我的钱包被偷了。
考查find复合结构。find+宾语+宾语补足语。wallet与动词steal之间为被动关系，应用过去分词作宾补，故填stlen。
7.It was the first time that I had fund him s (anxiety)．
【答案】anxius
【解析】句意：那是我第一次见到他如此焦虑。
考查find复合结构。find+宾语+宾语补足语。根据句意可知，该空要用形容词作宾语补足语，故填anxius。
8.I had hardly finished my lessns when I fund myself (surrund) by many students．
【答案】surrunded
【解析】句意：我一上完课就发现自己被许多学生包围着。
考查find复合结构。find+宾语+宾语补足语。myself与动词surrund之间为被动关系，用动词的过去分词。故填surrunded。
9.G dwn the street ,and yu will find the taxi ______(wait) fr yu near the bus statin.
【答案】waiting
【解析】句意：沿着这条街走，你会发现出租车在公交车站附近等你。
考查find复合结构。find+宾语+宾语补足语。此处wait与taxi构成主动关系，故用现在分词作宾补。故填waiting。
10. When the grillas and I frightened each ther, I was just glad t find (they) alive.
【答案】them
【解析】句意：当大猩猩和我互相惊吓时，我很高兴发现他们还活着。
考查代词。该空要用人称代词的宾格形式them作find的宾语。故填them。
with复合结构的基本用法
【知识积累·练前热身】
with复合结构，即“with+宾语+宾语补足语”，是高中英语教材中的一个重要结构，它在句中主要用作状语，表示伴随、原因、时间、条件、方式等。其中的"宾语补足语"可以是名词、形容词、副词、现在分词、过去分词、不定式、介词短语。
1.with+宾语+名词
They live in Chengdu with their sn a teacher in a schl. 他们住在成都,他们的儿子在一所学校当教师.
We are happy with him ur leader. 由他当我们的领导，我们很高兴。
2.with+宾语+形容词
He ften sleeps with the windws pen. 他常开着窗睡觉。
Dn't speak with yur muth full. 不要满嘴巴食物说话。
3.with+宾语+副词
He std there with his head dwn. 他低着头站在那里。
He was lying n the bed with all his clthes n. 他穿着衣躺在床上。
4.with+宾语+介词短语
She said gd-bye with tears in her eyes. 她含着眼泪说了声再见。
The man was asleep with his head n his arms. 这个人头枕着胳膊睡着了。
5.with+宾语+现在分词
He fell asleep with the lamp burning. 他没熄灯就睡着了。
With the baby still crying, he left the rm.宝宝还在哭着呢，他就离开了房间。
6.with+宾语+过去分词
With my hands tied, I culdn't pen the dr. 双手被绑，我无法打开门。
She had t walk hme with her bike stlen. 自行车被偷，她只好步行回家。
7.with+宾语+动词不定式
I can't g ut with all these clthes t wash. 要洗这些衣服，我无法出去了。
With n ne t talk t, Jhn felt dwn. 由于没人可以说话的人，约翰闷闷不乐。
1.China’s image is imprving steadily, with mre cuntries __________(recgnize) its rle in internatinal affairs.
【答案】recgnizing
【详解】句意：中国的形象正在稳步提升，更多的国家认识到中国在国际事务中的作用。
考查with复合结构，“with+宾语+现在分词”结构。宾语cuntries和宾语补足语recgnize之间逻辑上是主动关系，应用现在分词，故填recgnizing。
2. When walking int the hall, I nticed a man standing by the table, with his eyes _________ (fcus) n a picture n the wall.
【答案】fcused
【详解】句意：我走进大厅时，注意到一位男士站在桌子旁边，眼睛盯着墙上的一幅画。
考查with复合结构，“with+宾语+过去分词”结构。宾语eyes和宾语补足fcus之间逻辑上是被动关系。故填fcused。
3. She came int the rm, __________ her nse red because f cld.
【答案】with
【详解】句意：因为寒冷，她鼻子红红的走进房间。
考查with复合结构。“with+宾语+形容词”结构，在句中作伴随状语。故填with。
4.With a lt f difficult prblems __________ (settle), the newly-elected president is having a hard time.
【答案】t settle
【详解】句意：由于有许多困难的问题要解决，新当选的总统日子不好过。
考查with复合结构。“with+宾语+不定式”结构，不定式强调该动作将要发生。故填t settle。
5. He lay in the dark empty huse, feeling helpless, __________ anyne t turn t.
【答案】withut
【详解】句意：他躺在黑暗、空荡的房子里，没有人可以求助，感到无望。
考查withut复合结构。根据句意，没有人可以求助，他感到无望。应用“withut+代词+不定式”结构，作状语。故填withut。
6. They pretended t be wrking hard all night with their lights____________(burn) .
【答案】burning
【详解】句意：他们假装开着灯努力工作了一整夜。
考查with复合结构。这是“with+宾语+现在分词”结构。宾语lights和宾语补足语burn之间逻辑上是主动关系。故填burning。
7. With all the aims he set fr himself ______________ (achieve), he decided t take a hliday t relax himself.
【答案】achieved
【详解】句意：在完成所有为自己设置的目标后，他决定度假放松一下。
考查with复合结构。“with+宾语+过去分词”结构。宾语aims和宾语补足语achieve之间逻辑上是被动关系。故填achieved。
8. It was a pity that the great writer died ________ his wrks unfinished．
【答案】with
【详解】句意：这位伟大的作家死了，他的作品没有完成，这真遗憾。
考查with复合结构。“with+宾语+过去分词”结构。设空处需要选用一个介词，与“his wrks unfinished”构成with复合结构，表示“带着未完成的作品”的意思。故填with。
9.——Cme n, please give me sme ideas abut the prject.
——Srry. With s much wrk _________ (fill) my mind, I almst break dwn.
【答案】filling
【详解】句意：——拜托,请给我一些关于这个计划的想法。——对不起。这么多工作充满我的脑袋，我几乎要崩溃了。
考查with复合结构。题干中“with s much wrk _______ my mind”是一个with引导的复合结构，其中“s much wrk”是宾语，“_______ my mind”是宾语补足语。由于“s much wrk”与“fill”之间是主动关系，即“工作”是“填满”我的脑海的，所以应使用现在分词形式，故填filling。
10.With nthing _______(leave) t burn，the fire became weak and finally died ut.
【答案】left
【详解】句意：剩下的没有什么东西可燃烧，火越来越弱最后熄灭了。
考查with复合结构。with+宾语+宾补结构，nthing和动词leave是被动关系，故用过去分词，故选left。
一、阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
I can speak three freign languages:English,Italian and Russian.I like learning English.I think it is very imprtant t knw ther languages.We can talk with peple arund the wrld when we travel;we can listen t and understand freign music,read bks n freign yu g yu need it.
—Dzeni
I’m frm Macednia,s Macednian is my mther language.I als speak English,French and Serbian.Macednian and Serbian have much in cmmn.I understand a little Spanish,t.
I lve learning English.I started learning English when I was 8.Nw I’m 14 and I’m still enjying learning English.It’s ne f my favurite languages and I’m hping that ne day I’ll be able t speak English with a real British accent.I lve my language,but I als lve learning new languages,new things and things abut new cultures.In the future maybe I’d like t learn t speak Spanish and Turkish.It’s very imprtant fr me t speak freign languages,because that skill makes me feel special,smart and pwerful at the same time.
—Cklj
I’m frm the Czech Republic,s my first language is f curse Czech.I just lve English.It’s my first freign language and it’s cmpulsry fr almst every child in the CR.
My secnd freign language is German.That is nw cmpulsry in year 8—either German,French r Russian in my schl.I first thught German was really useless,because everyne in Germany speaks English.But then I went t Germany fr an exchange.We were suppsed t speak English there and we did.But I had t speak German with my exchange partner’s parents.Then I started t be interested and pretty gd at it.
—Ribana
1.Which language is the ne that the three can all speak?
A.English. B.Italian. C.Russian. D.German.
2.Which f the fllwing is TRUE?
A.Cklj has learned English fr eight years.
B.Cklj is fnd f British English.
C.Cklj is sure t becme a linguist in the future.
D.Cklj is nw learning Spanish and Turkish.
3.What can we cnclude accrding t Ribana?
A.In the Czech Republic,almst every kid has t learn English.
B.Ribana still thinks German is f n use.
C.All Germans speak English as their first freign language.
D.German is ppular in Eurpe.
4.What des the underlined wrd “it” in the last paragraph refer t?
A.The Czech Republic.B.Exchange. C.French.D.German.
【答案】1.A 2.B 3.A 4.D
【解析】
【导语】本文中三个人主要介绍了他们学习外语的一些事情。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据三个人的叙述可知,他们都会说英语。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Cklj的叙述中的“I’m hping that ne day I’ll be able t speak English with a real British accent”可知,Cklj喜欢英式英语。故选B项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据Ribana叙述中的“it’s cmpulsry fr almst every child in the CR”可知,在捷克共和国,几乎每个孩子都必须学习英语。cmpulsry表示“必修的,有义务的”。故选A项。
【4题详解】
词义猜测题。根据最后一段的描述可知,经过在德国的交流活动后,Ribana对德语感兴趣了,并且开始擅长德语了。故此处指德语。故选D项。
B
If yu want t becme a fluent English speaker yu shuld take sme advice:There are fur skills in learning English.They are reading,listening,speaking and writing.The mst imprtant thing yu must remember is that if yu want t imprve yur speaking and writing skills,yu shuld first master the skills f reading and listening.
Read as much as yu can.But yur reading must be active.It means that yu must think abut the meaning f the sentences,the meaning f the unfamiliar wrds,etc.There is n need fr yu t pay much attentin t grammar r try t understand all the unfamiliar wrds yu cme acrss,but the fact that yu see them fr the first time and recgnise them whenever yu see them,fr example in ther passages r bks,is enugh.It wuld be better t prepare yurself a ntebk s yu can write dwn the imprtant wrds r sentences in it.
As fr listening,there are tw chices:besides reading,yu can listen every day fr abut 30 minutes.Yu can nly pay attentin t yur reading and becme skillful at yur reading,and then yu can catch up n yur listening.Since yu have lts f inputs in yur mind,yu can easily guess what the speaker is ging t say.This never means that yu shuld nt practise listening.
Fr listening yu can listen t cartns r sme mvies that are specially made fr children.Their languages are easy.Or if yu are gd at listening yu can listen t English prgrammes every day.Again the thing t remember is being active in listening and preferably taking sme ntes.
If yu fllw these pieces f advice,yur speaking and writing skills will imprve autmatically and yu can be sure that with a little effrt they will becme perfect.
5.Accrding t the authr,which shuld yu imprve first amng the fur skills?
A.Reading and listening. B.Reading and writing.
C.Speaking and writing. D.Listening and speaking.
6.The underlined phrase “cme acrss” in the secnd paragraph can prbably be replaced by “ ”.
A.discverB.meet by accident C.find n purpse D.lk fr
7.The authr seems t agree with the view that .
A.everyne shuld listen t English prgrammes every day
B.yu needn’t practise listening if yu keep n reading every day
C.being gd at reading is helpful in imprving yur listening
D.yu shuld take ntes f whatever yu are hearing
8.The passage is mainly abut hw t .
A.chse suitable listening materials
B.deal with new wrds in reading
C.imprve yur English as quickly as pssible
D.becme fluent in speaking and writing skills in English
【答案】5. A 6. B 7. C 8. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了如何流利地说英语和写英语。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The mst imprtant thing yu must remember is shuld first master the skills f reading and listening.”可知,你应该先提高阅读技能和听力技能。故选A项。
【6题详解】
词义猜测题。结合画线词所在句子可知,此处是指“不必试图理解在阅读中遇到的所有的不熟悉的单词”,所以cme acrss意为“遇见”。故选B项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Yu can nly pay attentin t yur reading and becme skillful at yur reading,and then yu can catch up n yur listening.”可推知,善于阅读有助于提高听力,故选C项。A、D两项过于绝对,与文意不符;根据第三段中的“This never means that yu shuld nt practise listening.”可知B项错误。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“if yu want t imprve yur speaking and writing skills”以及最后一段中的“yur speaking and writing skills will imprve autmatically”可知,文章主要讲述的是通过提高阅读和听力两项技能来提高口语和写作水平。故选D项。
二、完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D三个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。
After cmpleting my Ph. D. in Germany, I applied fr a jb at a cnsulting cmpany. I spent mnths making ___1___ befre getting a phne call frm the cmpany. “Unluckily, we decided t ___2___ the jb t smene else,” the vice said. But the ___3___ wasn’t ver. “Wuld yu like t hear feedback (反馈) frm us?” He went n t tell me I hadn’t clearly stated my ___4___ fr applying fr the psitin. I quickly realized he was right. I wasn’t ___5___ abut what I applied fr. I didn’t feel ___6___ abut the jb at the cnsulting cmpany, and that clearly ___7___ in the interview.
Frm then n, I decided t ___8___ judge each jb pening t make sure it truly ___9___ my interest. In my applicatins, I stated mre clearly why I wanted that ___10___ jb. Sn my effrt started t ___11___, as I gt an ffer I was excited abut.
A few years later, I fund myself n the ther side f the interview ___12___. I was interviewing peple fr the first Ph. D. psitin in my lab. I was particularly lking frward t talking with ne candidate; his applicatin lked ___13___, but the interview went badly, which made me wnder whether he was truly interested in wrking with me. I called and ___14___ where he culd imprve in future interviews, fr which he was grateful.
I’ve ___15___ several interviews in my lab, and always encurage them t ask fr feedback at the end f the interview.
1. A. descriptinB. cmmunicatinC. preparatinsD. slutins
2. A. recmmendB. deliver C. rent D. ffer
3. A. cnversatinB. cmpetitin C. trade D. activity
4. A. excuse B. strategy C. purpse D. schedule
5. A. cnfused B. clear C. respnsible D. pwerful
6. A. empty B. graceful C. srry D. crazy
7. A. shwed B. imprved C. cracked D. remained
8. A. bviuslyB. carefully C. nearly D. prbably
9. A. prtect B. recrd C. require D. suit
10. A. tiring B. amazing C. specific D. simple
11. A. pay ff B. give ff C. carry ut D. hld ut
12. A. buildingB. table C. legend D. rescue
13. A. alive B. believable C. impressive D. cnfident
14. A. cntactedB. checked C. revised D. mentined
15. A. hsted B. exchanged C. survived D. summarized
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. D 7. A 8. B 9. D 10. C
11. A 12. B 13. C 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者某次求职失败，对方告诉作者的反馈是因为作者没有清楚地说明申请这个职位的目的，即对这份工作不感兴趣。于是从此作者开始仔细判断每一个工作空缺，以确保它真正符合自己兴趣。
【1题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在接到公司的电话之前，我花了几个月的时间准备。A. descriptin描述；B. cmmunicatin交流；C. preparatins准备；D. slutins解决方案。根据上文“After cmpleting my Ph. D. in Germany, I applied fr a jb at a cnsulting cmpany. (在德国读完博士学位后，我申请了一家咨询公司的工作。)”可知，此处指为申请工作做准备。故选C。
【2题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“不幸的是，我们决定把这份工作给别人，”一个声音说。A. recmmend推荐；B. deliver递送；C. rent租给；D. ffer提供。根据后文“the jb t smene else”可知，这份工作提供给了别人。故选D。
【3题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但谈话并没有结束。A. cnversatin对话；B. cmpetitin比赛；C. trade交易；D. activity活动。根据后文“Wuld yu like t hear feedback frm us? (你想听听我们的反馈吗？)”可知，告知结果以后对话并没有结束。故选A。
【4题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他接着告诉我，我没有清楚地说明我申请这个职位的目的。A. excuse借口；B. strategy策略；C. purpse目的；D. schedule安排。根据后文提到作者不清楚自己申请的是什么工作，即没有清楚说明申请这个职位的目的。故选C。
【5题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不清楚我申请的是什么。A. cnfused困惑的；B. clear清楚的；C. respnsible负责的；D. pwerful强大的。呼应上文“I hadn’t clearly stated my”指作者不清楚自己申请的是什么工作。故选B。
【6题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我对咨询公司的工作不感兴趣，这一点在面试中表现得很明显。A. empty空的；B. graceful优雅的；C. srry抱歉的；D. crazy疯狂的。根据上文可知作者没有表明自己申请这份工作的目的，即动机不清楚，作者对咨询公司的工作不感兴趣，短语crazy abut表示“着迷于”。故选D。
【7题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我对咨询公司的工作不感兴趣，这一点在面试中表现得很明显。A. shwed表现，展示；B. imprved改善；C. cracked破裂；D. remained逗留。根据后文“in the interview”可知，作者对这份工作不感兴趣在面试中表现得很明显。故选A。
【8题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，我决定仔细判断每一个工作空缺，以确保它真正符合我的兴趣。A. bviusly显然；B. carefully仔细地；C. nearly几乎；D. prbably可能。根据后文“judge each jb pening t make sure it truly”可知，为了确保工作符合自己的兴趣，于是作者从此开始仔细判断每份工作。故选B。
【9题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，我决定仔细判断每一个工作空缺，以确保它真正符合我的兴趣。A. prtect保护；B. recrd记录；C. require需要；D. suit适合，符合。根据后文“my interest”可知，作者想要确保自己申请的工作符合自己的兴趣。故选D。
【10题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我的申请中，我更清楚地说明了为什么我想要那个特定的工作。A. tiring累人的；B. amazing惊人的；C. specific明确的，特定的；D. simple简单的。根据上文“In my applicatins, I stated mre clearly why I wanted that”以及作者之前的求职经历，可知，作者开始更清楚地说明为什么自己想要那个特定的工作。故选C。
【11题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：很快我的努力开始得到回报，因为我得到了一份令我兴奋的工作。A. pay ff付清，得到回报；B. give ff发出；C. carry ut实施；D. hld ut呈现。根据后文“as I gt an ffer I was excited abut”可知，作者得到了一份令自己兴奋的工作，即之前的努力得到了回报。故选A。
【12题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：几年后，我发现自己站在面试桌的另一边。A. building建筑；B. table桌子；C. legend传说；D. rescue救援。根据后文“I was interviewing peple fr the first Ph. D. psitin in my lab. (我当时正在为实验室的第一个博士职位面试人。)”可知，作者也开始面试别人，即站在面试桌的另一边。故选B。
【13题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我特别期待与一位候选人交谈；他的申请看起来令人印象深刻，但是面试进行得很糟糕，这让我怀疑他是否真的有兴趣和我一起工作。A. alive活着的；B. believable可信的；C. impressive印象深刻的；D. cnfident自信的。根据上文“I was particularly lking frward t talking with ne candidate; his applicatin lked”可知，之所以期待与一位候选人交谈是因为他的申请看起来令人印象深刻，故选C。
【14题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我打电话给他，告诉他在以后的面试中可以改进的地方，他对此很感激。A. cntacted联系；B. checked检查；C. revised修改；D. mentined提及。根据后文“where he culd imprve in future interviews”指作者打电话，向候选人提及面试中可以改进的地方。故选D。
【15题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在我的实验室主持过几次面试，并且总是鼓励他们在面试结束时询问反馈。A. hsted主持；B. exchanged交换；C. survived生存；D. summarized总结。根据后文“and always encurage them t ask fr feedback at the end f the interview”可知，作者主持过几次面试，并且总是鼓励他们在面试结束时询问反馈。故选A。
一、阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
There are many differences between British English and American English.I used t teach a curse abut the differences between the tw.We speak English n bth sides f the Atlantic Ocean but we have many differences in ur cmmn language.We have examples f the same wrds having very different meanings,differing spellings f the same wrds as well as cmpletely different wrds fr the same things.Here are sme examples.
A ckie in the US is called a biscuit in the UK.A biscuit in the US is a small cake in the UK.Crisps in the UK,are knwn as chips,but we British peple eat a plate f chips that yu call fries in the US.In the UK,a pie can be made frm either meat r fruit,while in the US pies are nrmally made frm fruit;pt pies are made frm meat.Mst things are measured in grams and kilgrams in the US,nt punds and unces.
One very bvius difference is the side f the rad we each chse t drive n.Petrl in the UK is gas in the US.The place where we fill up ur cars,in the UK,is a garage;while in the US,it’s a gas statin.The term garage is als used as a place t stre yur car next t r clse by yur huse.In the UK we call a lrry what is knwn as a truck in the US.
An elevatr in the US is called a lift here,and the first flr in the US,is called the grund flr here,s many visitrs get ff n the wrng flr in British htels.
I culd cntinue with this.There are cuntless examples f differences within ur ne shared language.With s many differences,n wnder it’s hard t understand each ther well.
1.The passage is mainly abut the differences between British English and American English in .
A.vcabulary B.grammar C.sund D.spelling
2.It’s implied in the passage that the authr may be .
A.a driver frm the US B.a ck frm the US
C.a teacher frm the UK D.a gas statin wrker frm the UK
3.In the authr’s pinin, .
A.language differences dn’t affect understanding
B.the same wrds in the tw different types f English may have different spellings
C.there will be fewer differences between American and British English in the future
D.it is impssible that sme Americans get ff n the wrng flr in British htels
4.What can we learn frm the passage?
A.“Elevatr” is cmmnly used in the UK.
B.Pies mean the same thing in the UK and the US.
C.In the UK,things are measured in punds and unces.
D.British and American peple drive n the same side f the rad.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3.B 4. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。作者通过举例说明主要论述了美式英语与英式英语在词汇方面的差别。
【1题详解】
主旨大意题。阅读文章可知本文主要是论述美式英语和英式英语在词汇方面的差别。故选A。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“I used t teach a curse abut the differences between the tw.”和第二段中的“we British peple”可推出作者可能是来自英国的一位老师。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“We have examples f the same wrds having very different meanings,differing spellings f the same wrds...”可知B项正确。故选B。
【4题详解】
4.C细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Mst things are measured in grams and kilgrams in the US,nt punds and unces.”可知C项正确。故选C。
B
This year I did smething I’d never dne—shpping at midnight n Black Friday after Thanksgiving. After all, yu can get great deals nline frm the cmfrt f yur bed ver a ht cup f cffee. S why wuld I stand traffic, cld weather and crwds fr a few bargains?
Fr my teenagers, spending time with Mm is usually dwn n their list next t hmewrk and picking up the dg waste. S, when they asked me t take them shpping at the mall at midnight n Black Friday, my first reactin was definitely n! But my sn, wh usually runs the ther way if I mentin shpping, wanted me t take him shpping. I felt needed, thugh I knew it was my wallet and a ride, nt quality (高质量的) time with Mm that they wanted.
Then the hur-lng car ride. We fllwed sngs n the radi and talked abut the deals we hped t get. I had pprtunities t give them lessns n what nt t d when driving, but I had t keep the peace. And we all cnnected as we sat with crazed smiles at midnight.
The kids scanned fr a spt nce we finally reached the busy parking lt. There was smething abut standing in a line that snakes arund the building in the freezing cld that brings peple tgether. Once inside, we had t wrk as a team, hping t cme tgether with just the right size and clr. As I dug thrugh muntain s f clthing fr a particular shirt fr my husband and gave up, my daughter came tward me, shirt in hand and victry n her face. “I gt the last ne!”
S we ended up at 3 am with sme bargains. Nthing we culdn’t have fund nline r in stres at a reasnable hur. But fr me, I gt quality time with my kids. Driving hme tired, lking in the mirrr at my children’s sweet faces, I decided, “If they ask me t g again next year, I’m in.”
5. What did the kids need accrding t the authr?
A.Buying things nline with cmfrt.B. Taking a cup f cffee cmfrtably.
C. Shpping at their mther’s expense.D. Spending quality time with the family.
6. Hw did the authr cmmunicate with her kids during the drive t the mall?
A. She shared their excitement.B. She taught them sme sngs.
C. She taught them shpping tips.D. She lectured them n behavir.
7. Why did the daughter shw victry n her face?
A. She had wrked as a team member.B. She had searched ut her clthes.
C. She had been in line t see a snake.D. She had fund a shirt fr her father.
8. Hw did the authr find her shpping experience?
A. Tiring.B. Enjyable.C. Heart-brken.D. Mney-wasting.
【答案】5. C 6. A 7. D 8. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍作者在感恩节之后的“黑色星期五”和孩子们在凌晨购物的经历。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第二句到最后一句话“S, when they asked me t take them shpping at the mall at midnight n Black Friday, my first reactin was definitely n! But my sn, wh usually runs the ther way if I mentin shpping, wanted me t take him shpping. I felt needed, thugh I knew it was my wallet and a ride, nt quality (高质量的) time with Mm that they wanted.(所以，当他们让我在黑色星期五午夜带他们去商场购物时，我的第一反应绝对是否定的！但我儿子，如果我提到购物，他通常会跑另一条路，他想让我带他去购物。我觉得自己被需要了，尽管我知道这是我的钱包和一辆车，而不是他们想要的和妈妈在一起的美好时光)”可知，孩子们想让作者陪他们在感恩节之后的“黑色星期五”去购物，是因为他们需要作者为他们买单。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Then the hur-lng car ride. We fllwed sngs n the radi and talked abut the deals we hped t get. I had pprtunities t give them lessns n what nt t d when driving, but I had t keep the peace. And we all cnnected as we sat with crazed smiles at midnight.(然后是一个小时的车程。我们跟着收音机里的歌曲，谈论着我们希望买什么。我有机会教他们开车时不要做什么，但我必须保持平静。午夜时分，当我们坐在那里疯狂地微笑时，我们都联系在了一起)”可知，孩子们一路上听歌和聊天，作者原本可以教育孩子们在开车时不能做什么事，但是那时作者只想与孩子们分享半夜时分购物的狂热心情。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段最后两句话“As I dug thrugh muntain s f clthing fr a particular shirt fr my husband and gave up, my daughter came tward me, shirt in hand and victry n her face. “I gt the last ne!”(当我在堆积如山的衣服中为丈夫挖了一件特别的衬衫并放弃时，我的女儿向我走来，手里拿着衬衫，脸上洋溢着胜利。“我得到了最后一个！”)”可知，作者想为丈夫找一件衬衣但是没找到，就在这时，作者的女儿带着胜利的微笑拿着一件衬衣来到作者面前，说她抢到了最后一件。由此可推知，女儿脸上露出胜利的表情是因为她为她父亲找到了一件合适的衬衫。故选D。
【8题详解】
推理判读题。根据最后一段最后一句话“Driving hme tired, lking in the mirrr at my children’s sweet faces, I decided, “If they ask me t g again next year, I’m in.”(疲惫地开车回家，看着镜子里孩子们甜美的脸庞，我决定：“如果他们明年让我再去，我就加入。”)”可知，作者很累，但是看到孩子们的笑容，作者决定如果孩子们需要，明年的黑色星期五还来购物。由此可推知，作者觉得自己的购物经历是愉快的。故选B。
二、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
Strange things happened in the city f Tangshan. The well walls had deep cracks. A ___1___ (smell) gas came ut f them. At 3:42 ___2___ the mrning f July 28, 1976, everything began t shake. It seemed as if the wrld were cming t an end. One f the mst deadly earthquakes f the 20th century had begun. Sn the whle city lay in ruins. Tw thirds f the peple ___3___ lived there were dead r injured. The number f peple ___4___ (kill) in the quake was mre than 240,000. Everything in the city __5___ (destry). Peple were shcked at this and wndered hw lng the disaster wuld last. The army ___6___ (rganize) teams t dig ut thse wh were trapped and t bury the dead. Wrkers built shelters fr ___7___ (survive). Fd and water were taken t the city. __8___ (slw), the city began t breathe again. Tangshan began t revive ___9___ (it) and get up n its feet again. With strng supprt frm the gvernment and the tireless effrts f the city's peple, a new Tangshan was built. Tangshan city has prved that in times f disaster, peple must unify and shw the wisdm t stay psitive and rebuild fr ____10____ brighter future.
【答案】1. smelly 2. n 3. wh/that 4. killed 5. was destryed
6. rganized 7. survivrs 8. Slwly 9. itself 10. a
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了唐山大地震之前，震后及重建唐山的情况。
【1题详解】
考查形容词。句意：一股难闻的气体从里面冒出来。修饰名词gas，用形容词形式。故填smelly。
【2题详解】
考查介词。句意：1976年7月28日凌晨3点42分，一切都开始摇晃。在具体的某一天，用介词n。故填n。
【3题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：住在那里的人有三分之二死亡或受伤。句中先行词为peple，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词wh或that引导。故填wh/that。
【4题详解】
考查时态。句意：在地震中死亡的人数超过24万。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。故填killed。
【5题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：城里的一切都被毁了。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时；主语city，为单数，与destry之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was destryed。
【6题详解】
考查时态。句意：军队组队挖出被困的人，掩埋死者。设空处为主句谓语动词，陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。故填rganized。
【7题详解】
考查名词。句意：工人们为幸存者建造了避难所。介词fr后接名词形式。根据句意，这里为“幸存者”，前无冠词，所以用复数形式。故填survivrs。
【8题详解】
考查副词。句意：慢慢地，这座城市又恢复了生机。句中用副词作状语，修饰整个句子。故填Slwly。
【9题详解】
考查代词。句意：唐山开始复苏，重新站了起来。这里代指“唐山自己开始复苏”，所以用反身代词。故填itself。
【10题详解】
考查冠词。句意：唐山市已经证明，在灾难的时刻，人们必须团结起来，展示出保持积极向上的智慧，为了更美好的未来重建家园。future为可数名词，在句中为泛指，且前形容词brighter发音以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。
一、阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Bike Rental & Guided Turs
（2023新课标Ⅰ卷）Welcme t Amsterdam, welcme t MacBike. Yu see much mre frm the seat f a bike! Cycling is the mst ecnmical, sustainable and fun way t explre the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and cuntless lights. Yu can als bike alng lvely landscapes utside f Amsterdam.
Why MacBike
MacBike has been arund fr almst 30 years and is the biggest bicycle rental cmpany in Amsterdam. With ver 2,500 bikes stred in ur five rental shps at strategic lcatins, we make sure there is always a bike available fr yu. We ffer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with ft brake (刹车), bikes with hand brake and gears (排挡), bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes.
Prices
Guided City Turs
The 2.5-hur tur cvers the Gyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Rijksmuseum, Heineken Brewery and much mre. The tur departs frm Dam Square every hur n the hur, starting at 1:00 pm every day. Yu can buy yur ticket in a MacBike shp r bk nline.
1. What is an advantage f MacBike?
A. It gives children a discunt.B. It ffers many types f bikes.
C. It rganizes free cycle turs.D. It has ver 2,500 rental shps.
2. Hw much d yu pay fr renting a bike with hand brake and three gears fr tw days?
A. €15.75.B. €19.50.C. €22.75.D. €29.50.
3. Where des the guided city tur start?
A. The Gyer, Windmill.B. The Skinny Bridge.
C. Heineken Brewery.D. Dam Square.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了在阿姆斯特丹进行自行车租赁和雇佣导游的操作方式，价格等细节。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“We ffer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with ft brake (刹车), bikes with hand brake and gears (排挡), bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes. (我们提供种类繁多的最新自行车，包括有脚刹的基本自行车、有手刹和带排挡的自行车、带儿童座椅的自行车和儿童自行车)”可推知，MacBike的优势是它提供许多类型的自行车。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据定价表可知，租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车一天需要14.75欧元，额外增加天数每天8欧元。所以租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车两天需要14.75+8=22.75欧元。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“The tur departs frm Dam Square every hur n the hur, starting at 1:00 pm every day. (旅游团每小时从大坝广场出发，每天下午1点开始)”可知，导游城市之旅从大坝广场开始。故选D。
B
（2023新课标Ⅰ卷）When Jhn Tdd was a child, he lved t explre the wds arund his huse, bserving hw nature slved prblems. A dirty stream, fr example, ften became clear after flwing thrugh plants and alng rcks where tiny creatures lived. When he gt lder, Jhn started t wnder if this prcess culd be used t clean up the messes peple were making.
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in cllege, Jhn went back t bserving nature and asking questins. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds f fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right cmbinatin f animals and plants, he figured, maybe he culd clean up waste the way nature did. He decided t build what he wuld later call an ec-machine.
The task Jhn set fr himself was t remve harmful substances frm sme sludge (污泥). First, he cnstructed a series f clear fiberglass tanks cnnected t each ther. Then he went arund t lcal pnds and streams and brught back sme plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds f life gt used t ne anther and frmed their wn ecsystem. After a few weeks, Jhn added the sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the ec-machine tk the sludge as fd and began t eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
Over the years, Jhn has taken n many big jbs. He develped a greenhuse — like facility that treated sewage (污水) frm 1,600 hmes in Suth Burlingtn. He als designed an ec-machine t clean canal water in Fuzhu, a city in sutheast China.
“Eclgical design” is the name Jhn gives t what he des. “Life n Earth is kind f a bx f spare parts fr the inventr,” he says. “Yu put rganisms in new relatinships and bserve what’s happening. Then yu let these new systems develp their wn ways t self-repair.”
4. What can we learn abut Jhn frm the first tw paragraphs?
A. He was fnd f traveling.B. He enjyed being alne.
C. He had an inquiring mind.D. He lnged t be a dctr.
5. Why did Jhn put the sludge int the tanks?
A. T feed the animals.B. T build an ecsystem.
C. T prtect the plants.D. T test the ec-machine.
6. What is the authr’s purpse in mentining Fuzhu?
A. T review Jhn’s research plans.B. T shw an applicatin f Jhn’s idea.
C. T cmpare Jhn’s different jbs.D. T erase dubts abut Jhn’s inventin.
7. What is the basis fr Jhn’s wrk?
A. Nature can repair itself.B. Organisms need water t survive.
C. Life n Earth is diverse.D. Mst tiny creatures live in grups.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Jhn Tdd从小就很爱思考且好学，他建造了一个生态机器，利用自然可以自我修复的原理来净化污水。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“When Jhn Tdd was a child, he lved t explre the wds arund his huse, bserving hw nature slved prblems. A dirty stream, fr example, ften became clear after flwing thrugh plants and alng rcks where tiny creatures lived. When he gt lder, Jhn started t wnder if this prcess culd be used t clean up the messes peple were making. (当约翰·托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索房子周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。例如，一条肮脏的小溪流经植物和微小生物居住的岩石后，往往会变得清澈。长大后，约翰开始思考这个过程是否可以用来清理人们制造的混乱)”以及第二段“After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in cllege, Jhn went back t bserving nature and asking questins. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds f fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? (在大学学习了农业、医学和渔业之后，约翰又回到了观察自然和提出问题的生活中。为什么某些植物能捕获有害细菌？哪些鱼类会食用致癌化学物质？)”可知，约翰聪颖好学、好奇心很强。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“After a few weeks, Jhn added the sludge. (几个星期后，约翰把污泥加了进去)”以及倒数第三段“He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the ec-machine tk the sludge as fd and began t eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water. (他对结果感到惊讶。生态机器里的动植物把污泥当成了食物，开始吃了起来！几周之内，它就被消化了，只剩下纯净水)”可知，约翰把污泥放进罐子里是为了测试生态机器。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Over the years, Jhn has taken n many big jbs. He develped a greenhuse — like facility that treated sewage (污水) frm 1,600 hmes in Suth Burlingtn. He als designed an ec-machine t clean canal water in Fuzhu, a city in sutheast China. (这些年来，约翰承担了许多重大工作。他开发了一个类似温室的设施，可以处理来自南伯灵顿1600户家庭的污水。他还设计了一种生态机器来清洁中国东南部城市福州的运河水)”可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示约翰想法的应用。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Yu put rganisms in new relatinships and bserve what’s happening. Then yu let these new systems develp their wn ways t self-repair. (你把生物体放在新的关系中，观察会发生什么。然后让这些新系统自行发展自我修复的方式)”可知，约翰工作的基础是自然可以自我修复。故选A。
二、完形填空
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
（2023新课标Ⅰ卷）On Oct. 11, hundreds f runners cmpeted in a crss-cuntry race in Minnesta. Melanie Bailey shuld have ____1____ the curse earlier than she did. Her ____2____ came because she was carrying a ____3____ acrss the finish line.
As reprted by a lcal newspaper, Bailey was mre than tw-thirds f the way thrugh her ____4____ when a runner in frnt f her began crying in pain. She ____5____ t help her fellw runner, Danielle Lenue. Bailey tk her arm t see if she culd walk frward with ____6____. She culdn’t. Bailey then ____7____ t let Lenue climb nt her back and carried her all the way t the finish line, then anther 300 feet t where Lenue culd get ____8____ attentin.
Once there, Lenue was ____9____ and later taken t a hspital, where she learned that she had serius injuries in ne f her knees. She wuld have struggled with extreme _____10_____ t make it t that aid checkpint withut Bailey’s help.
As fr Bailey, she is mre _____11_____ abut why her act is cnsidered a big _____12_____. “She was just crying. I culdn’t _____13_____ her,” Bailey tld the reprter. “I feel like I was just ding the right thing.”
Althugh the tw yung wmen were strangers befre the ____14_____, they’ve since becme friends. Neither wn the race, but the _____15_____ f human kindness wn the day.
1. A. designedB. fllwedC. changedD. finished
2. A. delayB. chanceC. trubleD. excuse
3. A. judgeB. vlunteerC. classmateD. cmpetitr
4. A. raceB. schlC. twnD. training
5. A. agreedB. returnedC. stppedD. prmised
6. A. curageB. aidC. patienceD. advice
7. A. went awayB. std upC. stepped asideD. bent dwn
8. A. medicalB. publicC. cnstantD. equal
9. A. interruptedB. assessedC. identifiedD. appreciated
10. A. hungerB. painC. cldD. tiredness
11. A. wrriedB. ashamedC. cnfusedD. discuraged
12. A. gameB. prblemC. lessnD. deal
13. A. leaveB. cureC. btherD. understand
14. A. rideB. testC. meetD. shw
15. A. secretB. displayC. benefitD. exchange
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. D 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. D 8. A 9. B 10. B
11. C 12. D 13. A 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了在明尼苏达州举行的一次越野赛中，Melanie Bailey背着另一个参赛者Danielle Lenue过终点线并接受医疗检查的善行义举。
【1题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛。A. designed设计；B. fllwed跟随；C. changed改变；D. finished完成。根据下一段的“carried her all the way t the finish line, then anther 300 feet t where Lenue culd get ____8____ attentin”可知，Bailey在比赛中背一名参赛者，所以完成比赛晚了，因此句子表示“Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛”。故选D。
【2题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。A. delay延误；B. chance机会；C. truble麻烦；D. excuse借口。根据上文“Melanie Bailey shuld have ____1____ the curse earlier than she did”和上一题的解析可知，Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛，她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。故选A。
【3题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。A. judge裁判；B. vlunteer志愿者；C. classmate同学；D. cmpetitr参赛者。根据第一段的“hundreds f runners cmpeted in a crss-cuntry race”可知，她是背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。故选D。
【4题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：据当地一家报纸报道，当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候，她前面的一名选手开始痛苦地哭泣。A. race比赛；B. schl学校；C. twn城镇；D. training训练。根据第一段的“hundreds f runners cmpeted in a crss-cuntry race”可知，此处是说“当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候”。故选A。
【5题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenue。A. agreed同意；B. returned回来；C. stpped停止；D. prmised答应。根据下文“t help her fellw runner”可知，她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenue。故选C。
【6题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Bailey扶着她的胳膊，看看她能否帮助下向前走。A. curage勇气；B. aid帮助；C. patience耐心；D. advice建议。根据上文“Bailey tk her arm”可知，此处表示看她是否能在她的帮助下向前走。故选B。
【7题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺，到Lenue接受治疗的地方。A. went away离开； B. std up站起来；C. stepped aside让路；D. bent dwn弯腰。根据下文“let Lenue climb nt her back”可知，Bailey弯下腰，让勒诺爬到她的背上。故选D。
【8题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺，到Lenue接受治疗的地方。A. medical医疗的；B. public公众的；C. cnstant持续不断的；D. equal平等的。根据上文“began crying in pain”可知，Danielle Lenue很疼，所以是要接受治疗，medical attentin意为“医疗救助”。故选A。
【9题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lenue在那里接受了检查，后来被送往医院，在那里她得知自己的一个膝盖受了重伤。A. interrupted打断；B. assessed评估；C. identified识别；D. appreciated感激。根据下文“later taken t a hspital”可知，她是先接受了检查，再被送往医院，也就是先接受评估。故选B。
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站。A. hunger饥饿；B. pain疼痛；C. cld感冒；D. tiredness疲劳。根据第5空前的“began crying in pain”可知，此处表示“如果没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站”。故选B。
【11题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A. wrried担心的；B. ashamed惭愧的；C. cnfused困惑的；D. discuraged泄气的。根据下文“I feel like I was just ding the right thing”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑。故选C。
【12题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A. game游戏；B. prblem问题；C. lessn课；D. deal交易，局面。根据下文“I feel like I was just ding the right thing”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑，a big deal意为“非常重要的事”。故选D。
【13题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不能离开她。A. leave离开；B. cure治愈；C. bther打扰；D. understand理解。根据上文“She was just crying”以及Lenue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺。可知，Bailey看见Lenue哭喊，所以觉得不能离开她。故选A。
【14题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人，但后来她们成了朋友。A. ride短途旅程；B. test测试；C. meet体育比赛；D. shw展示。根据第一段“hundreds f runners cmpeted in a crss-cuntry race”及空前的“the tw yung wmen were strangers befre”可知，当时是一场比赛，句子表示“这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人”。故选C。
【15题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：两人都没有赢得比赛，但展示出的人类善良赢得了胜利。A. secret秘密；B. display展示；C. benefit利益；D. exchange交换。根据第二段的“let Lenue climb nt her back and carried her all the way t the finish line, then anther 300 feet t where Lenue culd get ____8____ attentin”可知，Bailey背着一个参赛者过终点，并背她去接受检查，这展示了人类的善良。故选B。
Hand Brake, Three Gears
Ft Brake, N Gears
1 hur
€7.50
€5.00
3 hurs
€11.00
€7.50
1 day (24 hurs)
€14.75
€9.75
Each additinal day
€8.00
€6.00