外研版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 6 Earth first示范课ppt课件

这是一份外研版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 6 Earth first示范课ppt课件，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了reduce，release，release vt，随堂检测等内容，欢迎下载使用。
本单元词汇梳理1. shark：音译词“鲨鱼”2. scare：近义词：frighten；派生词：scary, scared (分词形容词) 词块：scare … away / ff3. due t = because f4. dive：一词多义：基本义“向下冲” 隐喻：具体的“跳水” → 抽象的“冲向；俯冲” 词块：dive int, g diving；派生词：diver5. target：隐喻：具体的“靶子（目标）”→ 抽象的“目标（靶子）” 词块：set a target, achieve / realise ne’s target, target audience 名词动词化：be targeted at6. frtunately：frtunate + -ly；同义词 luckily，句子副词 词族：frtune, frtunate, frtunately, unfrtunate, unfrtunately7. extinctin：extinct (adj 灭绝的) + -tin 词块：be in danger f / be n the edge f extinctin
8. attitude：精准的汉语释义“态度” 词块：a gd / bad / psitive / negative attitude twards / t sth 9. devte：由de- (表示强调) + -vte (t vw 说、发愿)构成。词源义是“发下宏愿”，引申为“致力于”“献身于”。 词块：devte neself t, devte … t10. cean：英式英语用sea，美式英语用cean11. highlight：high + light，原为绘画术语，即最明亮的部分，后引申为“做标记、强调”12. cruelty：cruel (adj 残忍的) + -y (名词后缀)13. hunting：hunt (v 打猎) + -ing； 词块：g hunting 词族：hunt, hunter, hunting14. presentatin：present + -atin； 词块：give a presentatin
15. reserve：re- (back 回) + -servare (prtect 保护) 同根词：bserve (必修一U3) 词块：reserve the right t d sth, reserve a rm, il reserves, a wildlife reserve 派生词：reservatin (make a reservatin)16. staff：精准的汉语释义“全体职工”，作主语时谓语动词用复数17. establish：近义词：set up, pen, fund (fund更强调注入资金) 词块：establish neself as 派生词：established (an established cmpany 老牌公司)18. damage：精准的汉语释义“损害；损坏” 词块：cause / d damage t19. fld：隐喻：具体的“洪水” → 抽象的“大量 / 大批” 名词动词化（基本义“像洪水一样涌入”）20. affect：基本义“影响”；熟词生义：使感动；使感染 (疾病)
21. supply：n 词块：schl / medical supplies, supply and demand, the electricity supply； v 词块： supply sth t sb / supply sb with sth 22. restre：re- (back 回) + stre (储存) → 重新放回储存 → 恢复、修复23. adpt： ad (t 去) + pt (选择) → 选择然后采用 → 采纳 → 选择后领走 → 收养 同根词：ptin (必修一U3)；派生词：adpted24. sustainable：sustain (v 维持) + -able → 可持续的 词块：sustainable develpment25. bulb：词块：a 60-watt bulb, energy-saving / energy-efficient bulbs26. renewable：re- + new + -able ；词块：renewable energy / resurces27. carbn：词块：carbn dixide (CO2), lw-carbn lifestyle28. greenhuse：green + huse；词块：greenhuse effect29. reusable：re + use + -able30. brchure：词源：来自于法语brch (缝合) + -ure (名词后缀) → 缝合在一起的物品 → 册子
31. reduce：re- (back 向后) + -duc (bring, lead 带) → 带回 → 减少 词块：reduce frm … t, reduce by 32. slar：词块：slar energy / pwer33. release：词源：re- + lease (lsen 松开)，词源义和基本义为“放开；松开”；词块：release a mvie34. smg：拼缀法：smke + fg，原用以指伦敦曾经被浓烟笼罩的情形35. fg：词块：heavy / thick fg；派生词：fggy36. severe：一词多义：基本义“严重的” (extremely bad r serius) 37. infectin：infect (v 传染) + -tin 38. lecture：词块：attend / g t a lecture, give / deliver a lecture n / abut sth 熟词生义：教训 (give sb a lecture abut sth = lecture sb abut sth)39. permissin：permit (v 允许) + -sin 词块：ask (fr) permissin, withut permissin, permissin t d sth40. slide：一词多义：基本义“滑动”；名词“滑梯” 熟词生义：幻灯片
damage, destry, ruin
Attitude is everything.态度决定一切。
韦恩·戴尔（Wayne W. Dyer），1940年5月10日出生于美国密歇根底特律，美国深受欢迎的自助导师，畅销书作家与演讲大师、世界级心理学大师、全球激励与成长之父，是自我实现领域的国际知名作家和演讲家。他出版过37本畅销书，制作了许多广播节目和电视录像，而且在数千个电视和广播节目中做过嘉宾访谈。韦恩的影响力在美国乃至世界上都是不容忽视的，被无数喜欢他著作的读者尊称为“精神之父”。
attitude t / tward(s):We shuld develp a gd attitude t life. 2008 辽宁书面表达 姿势：He knelt in an attitude f prayer.
attitude n [C] & [U] 态度；看法：have / take / adpt a psitive attitude Everything depends n peple’s attitude. / Attitude is everything. 2014 江西书面表达改
华特 • 迪士尼（Walt Disney，1901年12月5日—1966年12月15日），出生于美国伊利诺伊州芝加哥，美国著名的动画大师、企业家、导演、制片人、编剧、配音演员、卡通设计者、举世闻名的迪士尼公司创始人。华特 • 迪士尼获得了56个奥斯卡奖提名和7个艾美奖，是世界上获得奥斯卡奖最多的人。
一个人应该尽可能早地设定自己的目标，并且倾其精力和才能实现它。
devte vt
把……用于；致力于；献身于：Neighbrs devted their spare time t helping thers rebuild hmes. 2016 北京改She devted all her life t medical wrk fr Chinese wmen and children. devte neself t 献身于；致力于；专心于：If yu have a jb, d devte yurself t it and finally yu’ll succeed. 2010 四川
devte由de-（表示强调）+ -vte（t vw，说、发愿）构成。词源义是“发下宏愿”，基本义是“把……用于”。
【词汇拓展】devted adj 挚爱的；全心全意的；忠诚的：Her sn, t whm she was s devted, went abrad ten years ag. devtin n [U] 献身；忠诚；热爱；专心：devtin t dutyI respected his devtin t teaching.
be absrbed in
be invlved in
be engaged in
写作同义异构：除了devte neself t你还能想到哪些表示“专注于/ 致力于做某事”的表达？
cncentrate n
I have ________________（订购）a new cmputer n the Net.
I’d like t ________________（预订）a table fr three fr eight ’clck.
reserve词源解读
reserve由re- “回（back）” 和词根-servare “保护（prtect）”构成。词源义和基本义是“保留（t set aside, withhld）” 。同根词：bserve (必修一 Unit 3)
 保留；保存；储备：These seats are reserved fr special guests.If yu rder after that, we reserve the right t eitheraccept r reject rder requests. I’ll reserve my judgment until I find all the evidence. 预订 (bk)：reserve a rm / ticket
 [C] [常用复数] 储备：il / gld reserves [C] (野生动植物的) 保护区：This castal area was named a natinal wildlife reserve last year.
 [C] & [U] 保留；异议：I accept yur statement withut reservatin (= cmpletely). [C] (旅馆房间、剧院座位等的) 预订：I’ll call the restaurant t make a reservatin.
reservatin n
reserve语义网络图
reserve保留基本义
(野生动植物的) 保护区
start / set up a business
establish a business
establish vt
 建立；创立；设立 (set up)：establish cntact / a relatinship withThe cmpany was established in 1980.
【辨析】establish 公司、机构等（正式用语）set up 公司、机构等（日常用语）fund 公司、机构等 （强调提供资金）pen 商店、餐馆、旅馆等（服务性质）
 确立；立足；得到认可：By 1909, Picass had established himself as a painter f great talent in Paris.By the 1920s the film industry was well established in Hllywd, Califrnia. This nvel established the reputatin he still enjys tday as ne f America’s greatest writers.► established adj 已确立的；确定的：an established fact
an established cmpany
分词形容词（表示动作已完成），如advanced, develped, learned等
巴勃罗·毕加索（Pabl Picass，1881-1973），西班牙画家、雕塑家。是现代艺术的创始人，西方现代派绘画的主要代表，是当代西方最有创造性和影响最深远的艺术家之一。其代表作有《梦》(Prtrait f D.M)，《和平鸽》(Dve f Peace)，《亚威农少女》(Avignn girl)等。
文化拓展——Hllywd
在第一次世界大战之前以及之后的一段时间内，格里菲斯和卓别林等一些电影大师们为美国电影赢得了世界名誉，华尔街的大财团插手电影业。好莱坞电影城由此迅速形成并兴起，电影产业恰恰适应了美国在这一时期的经济飞速发展的需要，电影也进一步纳入经济机制，成为谋取利润的一部分，资本的雄厚，影片产量的增多，保证了美国电影市场在世界上的倾销。洛杉矶郊外的小村庄最终成为一个庞大的电影城，好莱坞也在无形中成为美国电影的代名词。
好莱坞（Hllywd）位于美国西海岸加利福尼亚州（State f Califrnia）洛杉矶郊外，是一个依山傍水，景色宜人的地方。最早是由摄影师寻找外景地时发现的，大约在20世纪初，这里便吸引了许多拍摄者，而后是一些为了逃避专利公司控制的小公司和独立制片商们纷纷涌来，逐渐形成了一个电影中心。
辨析damage, destry, ruin
damage和destry可谓是形影不离的好朋友，想表达“遭到破坏”到底用哪个词才对呢？我们先来看一篇学生习作。
➊ [U] 损害；损坏；损失 harm r injury causedwhen sth is brken r spiled： He was hit by a car and suffered serius brain damage. d / cause damage tThe prblem is clear: man has dne great damage t his hme ver the years. 2008 全国 [C] [复数] 损害赔偿金：He was rdered t pay damages f $30,000.
damage n
■ 损害；损坏：(名词动化）Dn’t damage yur health fr a gd figure.
damage vt
➊ 毁坏；摧毁；毁掉 t damage sth s badly that it can n lnger be used r n lnger exists：The building was cmpletely destryed by fire.
 消灭；杀死：The dg attacked a child and had t be destryed.
侧重 “毁”，无法修复
destry = de- (dwn) + struere (build) 破坏一栋建筑的结构意味着毁掉这栋建筑
destry vt (必修一 Unit 6)
“被雨水毁了的头发”，用哪个词呢？
The rain ruined my hair.
头发还在，只是“美好的发型”被毁了。
在这里，理解英语释义也很重要。◆ destry: t damage sth s badly that it can n lnger be used r n lnger exists◆ ruin: t damage sth s badly that it lses all its value, pleasure, etc.
➊ 糟蹋；(完全地) 毁坏 t damage sth s badly that it lses all its value, pleasure, etc.：Dn’t let a small disagreement ruin yur friendship. 使破产 t make sb lse all his / her mney：If she lses the curt case it will ruin her. n➊ [U] 毁灭；破产：the ruin f civilizatin financial ruin  [C] [常用复数] 废墟；遗迹；残余：the ruins f Rme
in ruins 成废墟；严重受损：In fifteen terrible secnds a large city lay in ruins.
意大利的古罗马废墟 (the ruins f Rme)，位于斗兽场之旁，是昔日古罗马帝国的中心，是现存世界最大面积的古罗马废墟。这座于公元72年由4万名战俘用8年时间建起来的巨大建筑，虽然毁坏严重，残破不堪，却是人类建筑史上的杰作。它的形状很像今天的体育场，近50米高的外围墙是用砖石砌成的三层石柱拱廊，周围有80个出入口，里面的阶梯式座位能同时容纳5.5万名观众。
运用精准的汉语释义和英语释义区分damage, destry和ruin。◆ damage 的名词和动词都侧重“损”，表示可修复，常和badly、seriusly等副词搭配；◆ destry 侧重“毁”，表示不可修复，不复存在，常和cmpletely、entirely等副词搭配；◆ ruin 侧重“毁坏”，使美好的事物失去用途或优良特性，尽管此物仍然存在。
头发经常烫、染，容易损伤（damage）头发，需要做护理修复。烫坏、烫焦，头发就毁（destry）了 ，只能剪掉。做个美美的发型出门，遇到大雨，头发还在，但发型被毁（ruin）了。
fld ■ n➊ [C] & [U] 洪水；水灾：The river was in fld. Plice have issued fld warnings.  [C] 大批；大量：flds f rain A simple click can bring us a fld f music, mvies and PC games. 2009 江苏
■ v➊ vi & vt (被) 淹没；(使) 泛滥：Heavy rainfalls flded the village.  vi (洪水般地) 涌进：Individual e-mail bxes are smetimes flded with spam e-mails. 2010 陕西改When we visited my ld family hme, memry came flding back. 2009 辽宁► flded adj 洪水泛滥的► flding n [U] 水灾；洪水泛滥
 影响 t influence sb / sth：(基本义）With the gvernment’s aid, thse (wh were) affected by the earthquake have mved t the new settlements. 2009 上海改
affect vt
 [常用于被动语态] 使感动；打动： She was deeply affected by the stry.
 使感染 (疾病) t attack sb r a part f the bdy; t make sb becme ill / sick：Diseases affect almst everyne at sme time during their lives.
affect 语义网络图
影响affect基本义
affect / effect affect（动词）= t have an influence n sb / sth；影响某人 / 某事： Des televisin affect children’s behaviur?  effect（名词）= result, influence；作用；影响： Des televisin have an effect n children’s behaviur?
water supply
gas supply
electricity supply
supply ■ n [C] 供应量；补给量：There was a plentiful supply f cheap labur.Water is in shrt supply.  ［复数］生活必需品；补给品：schl / medical / relief supplies  [U] 供应；供给：supply and demand cut ff the electricity supply ■ vt 供给；供应；提供：supply sth t sb / supply sb with sth:The media supplies lts f infrmatin t us every day.
辨析prvide, ffer, supply三者都有“供给、提供”的意思，但用法不同。prvide 指有远见，为应付意外、紧急情况等作好充分准备而“供给、提供”，常用prvide sth fr sb或prvide sb with sth结构。• The Red Crss prvides fd and shelter fr disaster victims. • The prject is designed t prvide yung peple with wrk. ffer 侧重表示“愿意给予”，常用ffer sb sth或ffer t d sth结构。• She ffered me a reward fr the return f her lst mbile phne. • He ffered t g instead f me. supply 通常指定期“供应”，强调替代或补充所需物品，常用supply sb with sth或supply sth t sb结构。• The butcher supplies us with meat.
零浪费 5R 原则拒绝 (refuse) 你不需要的东西减少 (reduce) 需要的物品重复使用 (reuse) 现有的物品回收利用 (recycle) 无法使用的物品分解 (rt) 不可回收物品
vt & vi 缩减；减少：The price has been reduced frm $10 t $8. Eating just ne carrt a day can reduce the pssibility f getting this disease by 40%. 2009 陕西reduce t［常用于被动语态］使陷入（更坏的）境地；使沦落：She was reduced t tears by their cruel wrds. There lay my huse, reduced t ruins, smelly and dirty.【词汇拓展】reductin n [C] & [U] 缩减；减少：strategies fr nise reductin
re- (back 向后) + -duc (bring, lead 带) → 带回 → 减少
My Peple My Hmeland（《我和我的家乡》）was released n 1 Octber, 2020. The mvie’s ticket sales added up t 2 billin yuan n Saturday, just 10 days after its release.
 放开；松开 t stp hlding sth (let g)： Dn’t release the rpe.  释放；排放 t let sb / sth cme ut f a place where they have been kept r trapped：release a prisnerThe factry keeps releasing smke, making the air dirty.
release由re- + lease (lsen 松开) 构成，词源义及基本义为 “放开；松开（let g）”。
 首映（电影）；发行（CD、书等）；发布（新闻等）： release a mvie / new versin  发泄；宣泄 ：Physical exercise is a gd way f releasing stress. 解雇
release n  [U]［可用单数］放走；释放；排放；宣泄：a release frm prisnthe release f hming pigens  [U]［可用单数］发行；发布：The sftware is planned fr release in April.  [C] 发行的影片等；发布的新闻等：the latest release
放开release（基本义）
release 语义网络图
放开某物的保密状态为公众所知
首映（电影）；发行（CD、书等）；发布（新闻等）
将某人从职务或责任中放开
放走；释放；排放；宣泄
发行的影片等；发布的新闻等
severe weather恶劣天气
severe winter寒冬
severe pain剧痛
severe adj  严重的 extremely bad r serius：severe damage / a severe drught 严厉的；苛刻的：be severe with neself  严峻的；激烈的：a severe winter severe cmpetitin词汇拓展► severely adv 严重地；严厉地：a severely plluted lakeAnyne breaking the law will be severely punished.
问题、损害、疾病等“严重的”
人对待事情的态度“严重的”
环境或形势等“严重的”
severe语义网络图
严重的severe基本义
1. Everything depends n peple’s attitude. / Attitude is everything. 2. We shuld develp a gd attitude t life.3. She devted all her life t medical wrk fr Chinese wmen and children. 4. If yu have a jb, d devte yurself t it and finally yu’ll succeed.5. The prblem is clear: man has dne great damage t his hme ver the years.6. When we visited my ld family hme, memry came flding back.
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1. I had t change my attitude abut their ability and ptential. (2018 天津) _______2. Happiness desn’t depend n any external cnditins. It is gverned by ur mental attitude. _______3. Her hands were flded in an attitude f prayer._______二、将下列句子译成英语。1. 态度决定一切。_______________________________________________________2. 你应该以积极的态度面对生活。(2009 江西改)_______________________________________________________
Everything depends n peple’s attitude. / Attitude is everything.
Yu shuld have / take / hld a psitive attitude twards / t life.
一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1. She devted herself her career.2. In real life the star f the film is a (devte) husband and father.3. Her (devte) t the jb left her with very little free time.二、根据所给汉语，完成句子。1. If I becme a teacher, I will (全身心地投入) giving them a better educatin. 2. He has (将一生奉献给) wrld peace. (2011 陕西) 3. The meeting will (用于) health and safety issues. 4. He (深爱着) his family.
devte myself t
be devted t
was devted t
devted his whle life t
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1. I reserved a rm in the name f Jnes. ________2. The management reserve the right t refuse admissin. ________3. This area was nce a wildlife reserve last year. ________4. We still have fd reserves in case f emergency. ________
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1. Our gal is t establish a new research centre in the nrth. __________2. He’d already begun t establish a reputatin as a jurnalist. __________3. He has just set up his wn business, but it will take him a while t get established. __________二、根据汉语提示，完成下列句子。1. The purchase price culd als be a signal that an ___________________ (老牌公司) is buying a new-brn threat (威胁). (2017 江苏)2. A dg’s eating habit requires regular training befre _____________________ (正确建立). (2019 天津)
(it is) prperly established
established cmpany
1. The bus was badly ______________ when it hit the wall. 2. The building was cmpletely ______________ by fire.3. It pured with rain and my dress gt ______________. 4. This illnesss has _____________ my life.5. Ninety percent f their island was _____________ and they had nthing. (2012 山东)6. The hmeless shelter was entirely _____________ in the huge earthquake.
一、从方框中选择合适的单词填空。
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1. Every year a fld f farmers arrive in Shenzhen fr the mney-making jbs. (2010 福建) ___________2. Fd supplies in the fld-stricken area are running ut. We must act immediately befre there’s nne left. (2012 重庆) ___________3. The rain caused the streets t fld and the subway system almst came t a stp. (2008 山东) ___________4. Dnatins began flding in frm hundreds f peple. (2017 天津) ___________
一、根据句意选出 affect 的最佳释义。__________ 1. Welch examined a sick by, Billy, and knew he had diphtheria, a deadly disease mainly affecting children. (2016 北京改)__________ 2. With the gvernment’s aid, thse affected by the earthquake have mved t the new settlements. (2009 上海改)__________ 3. I was deeply affected by the film.
 影响  [常用于被动语态] 使感动；打动  使感染 (疾病)
二、选出适当的单词，并用其适当形式填空。(affect, effect)1. I tried t persuade him, but with little r n ____________.2. When I was 50, my weight prblem began t ____________ me seriusly. (2017 天津改)
根据汉语提示完成句子。1. _____________ (食品补给) in the fld-stricken area are running ut. We must act immediately befre there’s nne left. (2012 重庆)2. The Help Desk ___________________ (为……提供服务) yu all the year rund! (2008 湖南)3. She survived because f ____________________ (充足的供应) f fresh water. (2015 陕西)4. Water is _______________ (供应短缺), pllutin is wrsening, and there is n affrdable husing left fr them t buy. (2014 陕西)
Fd supplies
supplies service t
a plentiful supply
in shrt supply
一、选出能替换画线部分的单词或短语。The price has been reduced frm $10 t $8. (cut / dubled)二、根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。Small businesses will need t ______________ (减少成本) in rder t survive.2. One f the mst effective ways t _____________________ (减压) is t talk abut feelings with smene yu trust. (2015 浙江)3. The wrkers had been ______________ (减少了一半).
reduce csts
reduce stress / pressure
reduced by half
一、请将下列短语翻译成汉语。1. press releases __________ 2. sign a release __________3. release infrmatin __________ 4. release a new film __________5. release prisners f war ____________6. release the creative pwers f the peple _______________
二、根据汉语提示完成下列句子。 He ____________________ (放开了她的胳膊).2. Dn’t ______________________________ (放开绳索). 3. The prisner was questined _______________ (在他获得释放之前). 4. The new film will _____________________ (将于下个月发行). 5. After my examinatin I had __________________ (如释重负).6. The trainer ________________________________ (把鲸鱼放归大海).
released her arm
release (yur hld n) the rpe
befre his release
be released next mnth
a feeling f release
released the whale int the sea
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. The US faces severe ecnmic prblems. ________2. She was a severe wman wh seldm smiled. ________3. The negtiatins (谈判) will be a severe test f abilities. ________4. She wre a severe black dress, and plain black shes. ________