高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 1 Science and Scientists课堂检测

这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 1 Science and Scientists课堂检测，共7页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解， 七选五等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、阅读理解
A
（2019辽宁省实验中学高二12月月考）
Jhn vn Neumann was the ldest f 3 children f a banker, and his speed f learning new ideas and handling prblems std ut early. At 17, his father tried t persuade him nt t becme a mathematician because pr life being chemistry as well. In 1926, at 23, he received a degree in chemical engineering and a PhD in mathematics. Frm then n, mathematics prvided well enugh fr him, and he never had t turn t chemistry.
In 1930. vn Neumann visited Princetn University fr a year and then became a prfessr there. His first bk was published in 1932. In 1933, the Institute fr Advanced Study was frmed, and he became ne f the 6 full-time peple(Einstein was ne f the thers.
Wrld War I hugely changed vn Neumann’s areas f interest. Until 1940 he had been a great pure mathematician. During and after the war, he became ne f the best mathematicians wh put mathematics theries int practice. During the last part f the war he became interested in cmputing machines and made several utstanding cntributins. After the war. vn Neumann cntinued his wrk with cmputers, and was generally very active in gvernment service. He received many awards, was the president f the American Mathematical Sciety and was a member f the Atmic Energy Cmmissin he died in 1957 f cancer.
Vn Neumann made several great cntributins and any ne f them wuld have been enugh t earn him a firm place in histry. He will be remembered as ne f the greatest minds f the 20th century.
Vn Neumann really was a legend in his wn time and there are a number f stries abut him His driving ability is a part f his legend. He reprted ne accident this way, "I was driving dwn the rad The trees n the right were passing me in an rderly fashin at 60 miles per hur. Suddenly ne f them stepped in my path."
1. Accrding t the text vn Neumann’s father believed that _____.
A. a mathematician culdnt earn a lt f mney
B. a mathematician needed a gd memry
C. vn Neumann had the ability t learn tw subjects at the same time
D. vn Neumann had the gift fr slving prblems at a high speed
2. Vn Neumann published his first bk at the age f _____.
A. 23
B. 26
C. 29
D. 32
3. Hw did Wrld War affect Jhn vn Neumann?
A. He realized the imprtance f engineering.
B. He began t research hw t put mathematics int practice.
C. He left cllege and served at the gvernment department.
D. He lst interest in chemistry.
4. What can we cnclude abut vn Neumann based n the text?
A. He had three children.
B. He died in an accident.
C. He received many awards in his life.
D. He and Einstein were classmates at Princetn University.
B
（2020北京西城区高二上期末统考）
Eln Musk perhaps the wrld’s mst brilliant businessman，has a habit f making statements that stretch the bunds f believability.
On July 16th，2019，he intrduced a new type f brain-machine interface（BMI），starting frm the design f a “neural lace（神经织网）”，a net f thin electrdes（电极）that capture the infrmatin frm the brain. Hwever，the electrdes must be flexible s that they d nt damage brain tissue and will last fr a lng time. And t make the implantatin（植入）f s many electrdes safe，painless and effective the prcess has t be autmated.
Mr. Musk’s team des indeed seem t have made prgress twards these gals. Their presentatin includes vides f a rbt that is best described as asewing machine. This rbt grabs "threads", and shts them deep int the brain thrugh a hle. The firm has als designed a chip that can handle signals frm as many as 3, 072 electrdes.
With all these technlgical breakthrughs the firm nw hpes t help peple vercme such illnesses as blindness and paralysis. They designed a small device that wuld sit behind smene's ear picking up signals frm the implanted chip and passing them n as apprpriate. In a few years, using a brain implant t cntrl yur devices may be as prevalent as wearing wireless earphnes tday. Finally, Musk predicts neural lace will allw humans t be cmbined with AI systems, thus enabling the species t survive.
Thugh as this annuncement shws Mr. Musk des have a habit f presenting himself as the her f the human race, at least the cncept that sme machines will cme under the direct cntrl f human brains seems pssible t be carried ut. The biggest barrier t this happening will prbably nt be writing the sftware needed t interpret brainwaves, but rather persuading peple that the necessary surgery whether by sewing machine r therwise, is actually a gd idea.
5. We can learn frm the first tw paragraphs that _____.
A. electrdes shuld be flexible t extend life
B. Eln Musk cnstantly cmes up with unexpected ideas
C. a neural lace is used t stre infrmatin frm the brain
D. electrdes are implanted by tp surgens fr safety reasns
6. What des the underlined wrd “prevalent” in Paragraph 4 prbably mean?
A. Useful
B. Cmmn
C. Prfessinal
D. Apprpriate
7. What is the hardest part f carrying ut BMI?
A. Cnvincing peple t accept the surgery.
B. Develping devices t perfrm the surgery.
C. Writing the sftware t interpret brainwaves.
D. Infrming peple f the success f the surgery.
8. What is the best title f this passage?
A. The Neural Lace, a New Type f BMI
B. Eln Musk, the Her f Human Beings
C. Artificial Intelligence the way t survive
D. A Brain Implant, a Step t Cntrl Machines
二、 七选五
（2020湖南张家界高二上期末统考）
Hw t Imprve Vcabulary Fast
Online curses have becme ppular in many cuntries. There are different kinds f nline curses but mst shw a vide f a teacher and students in a classrm. Students watch the vide nline and take part in nline activities. Sme curses are free and pen t anyne. (1)____ Of curse, watching vides n a screen is nt the same as taking part in a real class.
(2)____ In Singapre，eight schls have been chsen t try new ways f using technlgy in the classrm. The schls have tablets（平板电脑）and tuchscreens instead f bks and blackbards in the classrms.(3)____ Thrugh them，students can cmmunicate with each ther and wrk n prjects tgether.
In Suth Krea sme students have been taught English by teachers in the Philippines and ther cuntries since 2011.The teachers are in their hme cuntries and are cnnected t the Suth Krean classrms via the Internet. Instead f lking at a
screen. the students interact with a rbt in the classrm. The rbt is cntrlled by the teacher. (4)____
Thanks t technlgy, mre and mre ways f teaching and learning are being develped.
(5)____ But ne thing is fr sure-there has never been a mre interesting time t be a student.
A. E-learning can be successful.
B. There are als scial media platfrms（平台）.
C. Other kinds f e-learning are being tested arund the wrld.
D. They give students the chance t study anywhere at any time.
E. Nbdy knws what the classrm f the future will lk like.
F. And it can mve arund the classrm and talk with the students.
G. The curses that are taught via the internet are called nline curses.
参考答案及解析：
A
【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了约翰·冯·诺依曼的生平事迹以及他为人类社会做出的重大贡献。
1.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的 his father tried t persuade him nt t becme a mathematician because he might lead a pr life being a mathematician可知，他父亲认为数学家的生活会很贫穷，所以A项正确
2.C【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段中的I1926，at23，he received a degree in chemical engineering可知他出生在1903年。然后由第二段中的 His first bk was published in1932可以计算出他第一本书出版是在他29岁时，所以答案选C。
3.B【解析】细节理解题。由文章第三段中的 During and after the war，he became ne f the best mathematicians wh put mathematics theries int practice可知在战争期间和战后他开始把数学理论应用于实践，所以B项正确。
4.C【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的 He received many awards可知C项正确。
B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了 Eln musk提出的新型脑机接口的想法，并对其现今研究成果和未来应用前景进行了详细说明。
5.B【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段 Eln Musk…has a habit f making statements that stretch the bunds f believability（Eln Musk……有一种习惯，他发表的言论延伸了可信度的范围。）以及第二段中 On July 16th，2019，he intrduced a new type f brain-machine interface（BMI）（2019年7月16日，他介绍了种新型的脑机接口。）可知 Eln musk经常能提出前所未闻的想法，B项符合题意。故选B。
6.B【解析】词义猜测题。根据第四段中 They designed a small device that wuld sit behind smene's ear，picking up signals frm the implanted chip and passing them n as apprpriate.可知，现在设计的小设备应用较为复杂。画线词所在句表述为儿年后，与现在形成对比，表明这项技术会变得更为普遍和简易，就像戴无线耳机一样。故B项 cmmn“普遍的”切合题意。故选B。
7.A【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中 The biggest barrier t this happening will prbably nt be writing the sftware needed t interpret brainwaves，but rather persuading peple that the necessary surgery…is actually a gd idea.可知，最大的阻碍可能不是写软件，而是说服人们做这种必要的外科手术其实是个好主意。意在表明实施BMI最艰难的部分是说服人们接受必要的外科手术。故选A。
8.A【解析】主旨大意题。根据第二段中 On July 16th，2019，he intrduced a new type f brain-machine interface（BMI）可知2019年7月16日，他介绍了一种新型的脑机接口。接下来全文围绕新型脑机接口（BMI）进行展开说明，因此可知A项“神经织网，一种新型的脑机接口”切题。故选A。
二、【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在线课程的有关内容。老师可以进行远程授课，学生在教室与教学机器人进行互动。随着科技的发展，教学方式也在不断地发展。
解析：
(1) D 上文提到 Students watch the vide nline and take part in nline activities. Sme curses are free and pen t anyne. （学生在线观看学习视频并参与线上活动。一些网络课程是对任何人都是免费开放的。），说明正是因为网络的便利性，学生可以随时随地进行学习。D项提到在线学习给了学生随时随地学习的机会，符合语境。
(2) C 第二段提到了新加坡对在线学习的实践，说明了在线学习在不同国家进行测试。C项符合语境。
(3) B 第二段最后一句提到 Thrugh them，students can cmmunicate with each ther and wrk n prjects tgether.（学生可以通过它们互相交流，共同完成项目。），只有通过平台学生才能互相沟通交流，且代词them指代B项中的 scial media platfrms。故B项符合语境。
(4) F 上文提到 Instead f lking at a screen，the students interact with a rbt in the classrm.The rbt is cntrlled by the teacher.（学生在教室里跟机器人进行互动，而不是盯着屏幕看。机器人由老师控制。），F项中的it指代前文中出现的
rbt，故F项符合语境。
(5) E 倒数第二段提到随着科技的发展，学习和教学模式也在不断发展。而科技的发展会给教学模式带来什么样的未来还是未知的。E项符合语境。