高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 5 Poems精练

Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language

[基础测评]

Ⅰ. 单句语法填空

1. Professor Smith,_______will give us a talk on how to improve English, is coming soon. 

2. (2018·天津高考)Kate, _______sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia. 

3. In this factory I found little _______was different from ours. 

4. John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of_______were his family members. 

5. Self-driving is an area _______China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line. 

6. (2019·江苏高考)We have entered into an age _______dreams have the best chance of coming true.  

7. The English play_______which my students acted was a great success. 

8. Last term our maths teacher set such a difficult problem _______none of us worked out. 

9. (2019·全国Ⅱ卷)Now Irene Astbury works from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield,_______she opened with her late husband Les.  

10. Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet _______life has developed gradually. 

答案:1. who　2. whose　3. that　4. whom

5. where　6. when　7. in　8. as　9. which　10. where

Ⅱ. 根据汉语提示或汉语句意完成英语句子

1. I am Li Hua, a student from China _______ _______ _______(正在学习) in London this summer vacation. 

2._______ _______ _______ _______(众所周知), music can influence our emotions, thoughts and behaviour. 

3. He lives in a big house, _______ _______ _______ _______(房子前面) stands an apple tree. 

4. 此后你可以去上海,在那儿你可以待一周。

After that, you can go to Shanghai,_______ _______ _______ _______　　　　　　　　　　　　for a week. 

5. 今天早上我向老师解释了我迟到的原因。

I explained to my teacher the reason_______ _______ _______ _______. 

答案:1. who/that is studying　2. As we all know　3. in front of which　4. where you can stay   5. why I was late

Ⅲ. 句型转换

1. I’ll never forget the day. We celebrated Christmas together on the day.

→I’ll never forget the day_______we celebrated Christmas together. 

2. Team members are offered opportunities to watch competitions. It will benefit them a lot.

→Team members are offered opportunities to watch competitions, _______will benefit them a lot. 

3. I have many friends. I’m going to send postcards to them.

→I have many friends_______ _______I’m going to send postcards. 

4. I would like to live in a room. Its window opens to the south.

→I would like to live in a room, _______ _______opens to the south. 

5. He wrote many children’s books. Nearly half of them were published in the 1990s.

He wrote many children’s books, nearly_______ _______ _______were published in the 1990s.  

答案:1. when　2. which　3. to whom

4. whose window　5. half of which

[提升测评]

Ⅳ. 语法填空

The following is part of the story that most of my fellow students are interested in, the title of 1._______I don’t seem to remember.  

Jane Platt, who travelled to London because of a mysterious letter, was the only person 2._______witnessed a murder at London Victoria Station. The detective(侦探) to 3._______she gave her statement disappeared. Jane went to an office 4._______(answer) the letter that she had received, 5. _______she discovered that her uncle Gordon, who lived in South America, 6._______(send) her a small box and told her to open it only at the time 7._______she was in real trouble. Jane, 8._______parents had never mentioned Gordon, was doubtful of the box, and she gave it to her friend Tony. They went to Scotland Yard and saw Inspector Groves, 9. _______had not heard of the murder. Jane gave Groves the murdered man’s ticket 10._______(find) beside his body. Then Jane and Tony decided to go to Redhill, from where the murdered man came. On the train they met a man, who said he knew Jane’s uncle Gordon.  

答案:1. which　2. that　3. whom　4. to answer

5. where　6. had sent　7. when　8. whose

9. who　　10. found

Ⅴ. 阅读理解

A

The Chinese Tang Dynasty poet Du Fu is often called the sage(圣人) of poetry. Unlike Li Bai, this poet wrote in various styles, and his works were often innovative(创新的) in language and subject matter. His poems were also filled with meaning.

His innovation was not at all welcome. The readers of his time rarely showed much appreciation of his original and innovative works. The masses in fact hated and scolded them. Like many artists, Du Fu was only recognised for his genius long after his death.

Du Fu was born in Luoyang, Henan Province. Although he came from an influential literary family, his early attempts to gain a position in the government by way of the exam system failed repeatedly. He was 43 years old when he finally managed to hold an official position. This was the time when Emperor Xuanzong was attracted to the beautiful Yang Yuhuan and made her his concubine(妃子), which Du Fu severely criticised in his Song of the Beautiful Ladies.

As the emperor got distracted from important government affairs, some military leaders were becoming too powerful. Du Fu took office in 755, and in the same year a rebel(叛乱) leader An Lushan led his army into the capital of Tang Dynasty. The emperor fled to the west and left the governing of the state to his son. Du Fu and his family took the road north to escape the rebels.

The poet left his family and tried to get to the headquarters of the new emperor, but he was caught and held prisoner by the rebels in Chang’an. After order was restored again, Du Fu got back his position in the capital. However, he did not enjoy the favour of the new emperor and was given a minor provincial post. In 759 he finally left this disgraceful position and spent the rest of his life wandering around the country.

1. What do we know about Li Bai’s poems?

A. They were consistent in style.

B. They were like the poems of Du Fu.

C. They used more complex language.

D. They were written in various styles.

解析:推理判断题。根据第一段中“Unlike Li Bai, this poet wrote in various styles ...”可推知,李白的诗歌风格始终如一。故选A。

答案:A

2. What can we infer about Du Fu from the third paragraph?

A. He didn’t like to be an official.

B. He was not loyal to the emperor.

C. He became an official in his thirties.

D. He cared about government affairs.

解析:推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句,对于唐玄宗和杨贵妃的事情,杜甫在诗歌中加以猛烈抨击,说明他关心国家事务。故选D。

答案:D

3. What happened in the late years of Du Fu’s life?

A. He changed his writing style.

B. He wandered around the country.

C. He was called back by the emperor.

D. He enjoyed his minor provincial post.

解析:细节理解题。根据最后一段中“In 759 he finally left this disgraceful position and spent the rest of his life wandering around the country.”可知,杜甫的余生是在周游全国。故选B。

答案:B

4. What is the text mainly about?

A. Du Fu’s political career.

B. Du Fu’s poetry and his life.

C. The rule of Emperor Xuanzong.

D. Du Fu’s contribution to the Tang Dynasty.

解析:主旨大意题。纵览全文,文章前面对杜甫的诗歌做了介绍,后面又介绍了他的生平,故选B。

答案:B

B

A rainy day can be a chance to recharge. While you relax on the sofa with a movie, the raindrops falling on your windows might one day provide the power for your TV. This is the idea behind an invention that harvests energy from water.

The technology is based on the triboelectric (摩擦电的) effect. An engineer at the University of Hawaii, David Ma knew that it was possible to generate electricity by rubbing two things together. So, he thought, “Why don’t we use water?”

A drop of water sliding across a surface coated with two different materials would generate enough friction(摩擦) to create an electrical charge. By placing metal wires that the drop of water touched as it moved, it should be possible to harvest electricity, he reasoned.

It worked. In fact, the researchers lit up 15 LED bulbs with a single moving water drop.

This is not the first time that scientists have got electricity from water-generated friction. Earlier experiments, though, harvested the charge produced in a surface by a sliding drop of water. There, the surface had acted as an electrode(电极). This is different. The energy of friction is being harvested from the water itself.

“The technology could someday power phones, sensors or other small electronics,” says Christopher Oshman, an engineer at the Colorado School of Mines. “This work is a step towards harvesting the energy of moving objects all around us, including ourselves, to power the electronic devices we use every day,” he says.

“Ma has shown that the technology can work in a lab,” Oshman says. Next, the Colorado researcher would like to see it tried on a larger scale, such as on an umbrella.

5. How does the author introduce the topic of the text?

A. By telling a story.

B. By raising a question.

C. By imagining a situation.

D. By giving an example.

解析:推理判断题。作者在第一段中由落在窗户上的雨滴联想到从水中获取能量的发明,因此是通过假想一个情景来引出话题。故选C。

答案:C

6. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 3 refer to?

A. The wire. 

B. The electricity.

C. The surface. 

D. The drop of water.

解析:代词指代题。根据句意“通过放置金属丝,水滴在移动时接触到金属丝,这就可能获得电力”,可知it指代的是“水滴”。故选D。

答案:D

7. What is unique about Ma’s technique compared with earlier experiments?

A. It is based on the triboelectric effect.

B. The water itself acts as an electrode.

C. It produces electricity from water-made friction.

D. It uses a surface covered with two different materials.

解析:细节理解题。根据第五段中“There, the surface had acted as an electrode. This is different. The energy of friction is being harvested from the water itself.”可知早期的实验通过水滴的滑动来收集表面产生的电荷,表面起到电极的作用,而大卫的技术不同,水本身起到电极的作用。故选B。

答案:B

8. What does Oshman say about Ma’s technology?

A. It has a promising future.

B. It will do well on an umbrella.

C. It works well in the real world.

D. It will replace batteries someday.

解析:推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“The technology could someday power phones, sensors or other small electronics ...”可推知奥什马认为大卫的技术很有前景。故选A。

答案:A