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英语人教版 (2019)Unit 4 Adversity and Course课后复习题
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这是一份英语人教版 (2019)Unit 4 Adversity and Course课后复习题，共18页。试卷主要包含了Whatisthetext?， 解析等内容，欢迎下载使用。
SectionⅠ ReadingandThinking(1)
阅读理解
A
HenryStanleyisperhapsbestknownforhisexpeditionintoAfricatofindDrDavidLivingstone,butthat’snottheonlyrescuemissionheundertook.InDecember1886,StanleysetoffforAfricaonwhatwouldbehislastjourney:anattempttofindandbringhomeaGermanzoologistnamedEduardSchnitzer.
Schnitzerhadtakenthename “EminPasha”,inanattempttobebetterreceivedbythosehewaslivingamong.Pashawascataloguingahostofrecently-discoveredplantandanimallifeformswhenfightingbrokeoutintheSudan.Pashawithdrewtotheequator,ataboutthesametimetheEminPashaReliefCommitteewasformed.InadditiontothechiefgoalofbringingPashahome,StanleywasalsounderordersfromtheKingofBelgiumtoopenupsomenewtraderoutesinthearea.
TheroundaboutroutetheCommitteeendeduptakingmeantthatbythetimetheyfinallyfoundPashamanymembersoftheexpeditionweredead.Thosethatdidsurvivewereworn,ill,andstarvingbythetimetheyfoundPashawho,incomparison,waswell-dressed,clean,and—bysomeaccounts—smokingathree-year-oldcigarwhentheyfinallyfoundhim.Hewasinneedofallsupportandsupplies,buthehadneitherintentnordesiretoleavethearea.Argumentsarose,causingafirmhatredbetweenStanleyandPasha.
StanleyfinallyconvincedPashatoleavewiththeremainsoftheexpedition,settingoffonademandingtripbackthroughAfrica.TheyfinallymetupwithsomeGermanexplorers,andmadeitbacktotheporttownofBagamoyoin1889.
Duringthepartytheythrewtocelebratetheirreturntocivilisation,Pashafelloffabalconyandbrokehisskull.StanleyreturnedtoEuropetoreceivecommendationsandcongratulations,whilePashaslowlyrecoveredfromhisunwantedrescue.
1.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthistext?
A.HappinessWasBalancedbySadness
B.Stanley’sBestKnownExpedition
C.A “Successful” RescueMission
D.ALegendofEminPasha
解析:标题归纳题。文章讲述了史丹利带领探险队历尽千辛万苦远征非洲,将德国动物学家帕夏救了回来,完成了救援任务。A选项意为“快乐和悲伤互相平衡”;B选项意为“史丹利最著名的远征”;C选项意为“一次‘成功的’救援任务”;D选项意为“艾敏·帕夏的传奇”。故选C。
答案:C
2.Whatresultedinthedeathsofthemembersoftheexpedition?
A.Hatredamongthemembersledtobloodyconflicts.
B.Theywereinvolvedinafightingwiththelocalarmy.
C.TheCommitteewasdismissedhalfwaythroughthemission.
D.Theroutetheychosecostthemtoomuchtimeandsupplies.
解析:推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The roundabout route ... many members of the expedition were dead”(委员会最终采取的迂回曲折的路线意味着当他们最终找到Pasha时,许多探险队员已经死亡)以及“Those that did survive were worn, ill, and starving”(那些活下来的人处于疲惫不堪、生病和饥饿的状态)可知探险途中的艰辛,缺少供给。 故选D。
答案:D
3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword “commendations” meaninthelastparagraph?
A.Criticism. B.Resignation.
C.Preparation. D.Credit.
解析:词义猜测题。从最后一段中的“celebrate their return”(庆祝回归)和“congratulations”(祝贺)可知,Stanley回到欧洲接受嘉奖和祝贺。criticism批评;resignation辞职;preparation准备; credit赞许,赞扬。故选D。
答案:D
4.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoconveybymentioning “smokingathree-year-oldcigar”?
A.Pashawasingoodcondition.
B.Pasharanoutofsupplies.
C.Pashafeltdelightedattheirarrival.
D.Pashawasaddictedtotobacco.
解析:推理判断题。根据第三段可知,那些活下来的探险队员处于疲惫不堪、生病和饥饿的状态。相比之下,帕夏穿着得体、干净,还吸着一支三年前的雪茄。由此可以看出帕夏的状态很好。故选A。
答案:A
B
(2022年·全国乙卷)
In1916,twogirlsofwealthyfamilies,bestfriendsfromAuburn,N.Y.—DorothyWoodruffandRosamondUnderwood—traveledtoasettlementintheRockyMountainstoteachinaone-roomschoolhouse.ThegirlshadgonetoSmithCollege.Theyworeexpensiveclothes.SoforthemtomovetoElkhead,Colo.toinstructthechildrenwhoseshoeswereheldtogetherwithstringwasasurprise.TheirstayinElkheadisthesubjectofNothingDaunted:TheUnexpectedEducationofTwoSocietyGirlsintheWestbyDorothyWickenden,whoisamagazineeditorandDorothyWoodruff’sgranddaughter.
Whydidtheygothen?Well,theywantedtodosomethinguseful.Soon,however,theyrealizedwhattheyhadundertaken.
Theymovedinwithalocalfamily,theHarrisons,and,likethem,hadlittleprivacy,rarebaths,andablanketofsnowontheirquiltwhentheywokeupinthemorning.Somemornings,RosamondandDorothywouldarriveattheschoolhousetofindthechildrenweepingfromthecold.Inspring,thesnowwasreplacedbymudoverice.
InWickenden’sbook,sheexpandedonthehistoryoftheWestandalsoonfeminism,whichofcourseinfluencedthegirls’decisiontogotoElkhead.Ahair-raisingsectionconcernsthebuildingoftherailroads,whichentailed(牵涉)drillingthroughtheRockies,ofteninblindingsnowstorms.ThebookendswithRosamondandDorothy’sreturntoAuburn.
Wickendenisaverygoodstoryteller.Thesweepofthelandandthestoicism(坚忍)ofthepeoplemovehertosomebeautifulwriting.HereisapictureofDorothyWoodruff,onherhorse,lookingdownfromahilltop: “Whenthesunslippedbehindthemountains,itshedarosyglowallaroundthem.Thenafullmoonrose.Thesnowwasmarkedonlybysmallanimals:foxes,coyotes,mice,andvaryinghares,whichturnedwhiteinthewinter. ”
5.WhydidDorothyandRosamondgototheRockyMountains?
A.Toteachinaschool.
B.TostudyAmericanhistory.
C.Towriteabook.
D.Todosightseeing.
解析:细节理解题。根据第一段中的“In 1916, two girls of wealthy families, best friends from Auburn, N. Y. —Dorothy Woodruff and Rosamond Underwood—traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room schoolhouse.”可知,多萝西和罗莎蒙德去落基山脉是为了去学校里教书。故选A。
答案:A
6.Whatcanwelearnaboutthegirlsfromparagraph3?
A.Theyenjoyedmuchrespect.
B.Theyhadaroomwithabathtub.
C.Theylivedwiththelocalkids.
D.Theysufferedseverehardships.
解析:推理判断题。根据第三段中的“They moved in with a local family, the Harrisons, and, like them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning.”以及“In spring, the snow was replaced by mud over ice.”可知,女孩们的生活条件非常艰苦,她们饱受磨难。故选D。
答案:D
7.WhichpartofWickenden’swritingishair-raising?
A.TheextremeclimateofAuburn.
B.ThelivingconditionsinElkhead.
C.TherailroadbuildingintheRockies.
D.ThenaturalbeautyoftheWest.
解析:细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads, which entailed drilling through the Rockies, often in blinding snowstorms. ”可知,威肯登的作品中涉及落基山脉的铁路建设这一部分是令人毛骨悚然的。故选C。
答案:C
8.Whatisthetext?
A.Anewsreport.
B.Abookreview.
C.Achildren’sstory.
D.Adiaryentry.
解析:推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“The book ends with Rosamond and Dorothy’s return to Auburn.”以及最后一段中的“Wickenden is a very good storyteller. The sweep of the land and the stoicism of the people move her to some beautiful writing.”可知,本文简要介绍了威肯登的书籍内容,并对其进行了评价,所以文本是一篇书评。故选B。
答案:B
C
FraserIsland
FraserIsland,offtheeastcoastofAustralia,isanamazingsight.Wavesofclearwatercrashontothewhitesandybeaches.ThepeoplewhofirstlivedtherecalleditK’gari.Itmeansparadise(乐园),andthat’sexactlywhatitis.
FraserIslandisaWorldHeritageSite(世界遗产保护区)becauseofitsuniquenaturalsurroundings.9.________IthasmoresandthantheSaharaDesert.Hugesanddunesmoveslowlyacrosstheislandwiththewind.Inthevalleysbetweenthesanddunesarefreshwaterlakes.10.________
Theislandhasover120kmofcleanbeaches,rainforests,andrarebirdsandanimals.11.________Youneedthistypeofvehiclebecauseyouhavetodrivethroughsand.
TherearenoroadsonFraserIsland.12.________Evenairplaneslandonthesand.It’sdescribedasoneofthemostbeautifuldrivesintheworld.Ifyouplanonstayingovernight,youmustcampoutinatent,astherearefewplacestostayontheisland.13.________
FraserIslandisabeautifulanduniqueplace.Witheverythingsonaturallybeautiful,itwillnotbearoundforever.Everyoneshouldseeitonceintheirlifetime.
A.Itisthelargestsandislandintheworld.
B.Youhavetodriveonthebeachalongtheocean.
C.Todaytheislandisapopulartourismdestination.
D.Allhillsontheislandformthroughsandblowing.
E.Thereareonly360peoplelivingthere,andjustafewhotels.
F.Thereareover100ofthesesmall,cleanlakesallovertheisland.
G.Toseeallthebeautyontheisland,youcanrentafour-wheel-drivevehicle.
9. 解析:下一句提到“这里的沙比撒哈拉沙漠的沙还多”,联系下文,A选项“它是世界上最大的沙岛”切题。该选项中的It和下一句中的It都是指弗雷泽岛。故选A。
答案:A
10. 解析:上一句提到“在沙丘之间的山谷里有淡水湖”,承接上文,F选项“岛上有100多个这样干净的小湖泊”符合语境。故选F。
答案:F
11. 解析:下一句提到“你需要这种车,因为你必须在沙地上开车”,G选项“要想看到岛上所有的美景,你可以租一辆四轮驱动的汽车”符合上下文语境。下一句中的“this type of vehicle”指代的就是G选项中的“a four-wheel-drive vehicle”。故选G。
答案:G
12. 解析:上一句提到“弗雷泽岛上没有公路”,承接上文,B选项“你不得不沿着海边开车”符合逻辑,两句是因果关系。故选B。
答案:B
13. 解析:上一句提到“如果你打算过夜,你必须在帐篷里露营,因为岛上几乎没有地方可以住”,承接上文,E选项“只有360人住在那里,并且只有几家旅馆”用来进一步说明岛上几乎没有地方可以住的原因。故选E。
答案:E
ReadingandThinking(2)
[基础测评]
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1.He’sexperiencedand________(qualify)forthisjob.
2.Thequarrelbetweenthemwas________(bitter)thanthatoflastweek.
3.Whentheir________(wage)arepaidonFriday,theywillbeveryhappy.
4.Althoughshewasintrouble,sheturned________everyofferofhelp.
5.Heisthebestmanwhocanfinishthe________(assign).
6.Herheart________(sink)asthelistendedwithouthername.
7.Wewereafraidtoabandon________(we)toourfeelings.
8.Theycannotaffordtolive________(decent)onwhattheyarepaid.
9.Manypeoplefeelenvy________hisgoodluck.
10.Ioftenexpressmyownopinion________(genuine)andsincerely.
答案:1. qualified 2. more bitter 3. wages
4. down 5. assignment 6. sank 7. ourselves
8. decently 9. at/of 10. genuinely
Ⅱ. 用方框中所给短语的正确形式填空
toone’ssurprise,turndown,setoff,dreamof,abandononeselfto,becomestuckin,holdon,fill...with...
1.We_______________onthelastpartofourtriptoChina.
2._______________aminute!Isn’tthatyourbrother’scaroverthere?
3.Theydancedwildlydownthestreet,_______________thenightandthemoon.
4.Theyofferedherthejobbutshe________it________.
5.Hewaslatebecausehe_______________atrafficjam.
6._______________,manyofthemexpresseddisappointment.
7.Inever_______________happinesslikethis.
8.Theworldneedspeace.Let’s________theworld________love.
答案:1. set off 2. Hold on
3. abandoning themselves to
4. turned down 5. became stuck in
6. To our surprise 7. dreamed of 8. fill with
Ⅲ. 语法填空
After1.________(read)theadvertisementpostedbyShackleton,Perceresolvedtojointheexpedition.Atfirsthewassoyoungthathe2.________(turn)downbyShackleton.Hemanagedtogoaboard3.________ship.Thejourneywasnotsoeasy.Theshipbecame4.________(stick)intheice.Beforetheyabandonedtheship,Shackleton5.________(calm)calledthemtorescuetheiressential6.________(supply),suchasthesmallboats,theirfood,thecookstove,candles,etc.7.________(keep)theirspiritsup,theykeptHussey’sbanjo.WhentheyreachedElephantIsland,thingsweregoingfrombadto8.________(bad).Shackletonleftthemtofindhelp.Theyhadtocatchsealsorpenguinstoeat.WhenPerce9.________(feel)low,FrankWildencouragedhimtoholdon.WildandShackleton’sperseverance,andtheirresolvefilledPerce10.________hope.
答案:1. reading 2. was turned 3. the 4. stuck
5. calmly 6. supplies 7. To keep 8. worse
9. felt 10. with
[提升测评]
Ⅳ. 阅读理解
A
Thethirdthemeofgeographyismovement.Aspeopletravelaroundtheworld,exchanginggoods,ideasandinterests,theglobalcommunityistransformed.Takesurfing,forexample.ThesportoriginatedinHawaiicenturiesago.Today,thecry “Surfup!” canbeheardalongcoastlineseverywhere.
EuropeanswerethefirstWesternerstoobservethesport.In1779,CaptainCook,aBritishexplorer,andhiscrewsailedaroundtheSandwichIslands(NowHawaii).NeartherockycoastoftheBigIsland,theywitnessedamanridingawavewhilestandingonaboard.
Cookwasstrickenbywhathesaw.Hawaiianswouldanticipategoodwavesandholdceremonieswhenbuildingsurfboards.Theirboardswerebuiltaccordingtorank:Chiefsusedlongboards(16to18feetlong),whilecommonersusedshorterones(6to8feetlong).
AfterthearrivalofEuropeans,Hawaiiansurfculturedeclined.ManyHawaiiansdiedofEuropean-bornediseases.Also,thebeliefthatsurfingwas “ignorantfun” waswidelyspread.
TheseconditionschangedafterHawaiibecameaUnitedStatesterritoryin1900.(Itbecameastatein1959.)Travellerstotheislandsbroughtbackstoriesofwaveriding.TalesofthethrillingsportspreadacrosstheUS,thentotherestoftheworld.
Today,surfingisthekingofboardsports.Theworldhasnearly8,000 “surfspots” in136countrieson6continents.TheAssociationofSurfingProfessionals(ASP)holdsanannualworldtourinwhichtopriderscompeteformillionsofenthusiastsofthewaves.
Top5countrieswithsurfspots
Country
No.ofSpots
UnitedStates
1,375
Australia
1,160
SouthAfrica
575
France
352
NewZealand
338
1.Wheredidsurfingoriginateaccordingtothetext?
A.Britain. B.Europe.
C.America. D.France.
解析:细节理解题。根据第一段的“Take surfing, for example. The sport originated in Hawaii centuries ago.”可知,冲浪这项运动几世纪前起源于夏威夷,夏威夷属于美国,故选C。
答案:C
2.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?
A.CaptainCookwasinterestedinsurfing.
B.TherearenosurfspotsinAsia.
C.InHawaii,everyonewasequalinsports.
D.Surfingisthethirdthemeofgeography.
解析:细节理解题。根据第三段的“Cook was stricken by what he saw.”可知,他对冲浪很感兴趣;根据最后一段的“The world has nearly 8,000 ‘surf spots’ in 136 countries on 6 continents.”可知,B项错误;根据第三段的“Their boards were built according to rank”可知,他们的冲浪板是按等级建造的,因此C项错误;根据第一段的“The third theme of geography is movement.”可知,地理的第三个主题是运动,不是冲浪,因此D项错误。故选A。
答案:A
3.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordinthefourthparagraphprobablymean?
A.ExcitedEuropeans.
B.Graduallylostitsstrength.
C.Diedout.
D.Becamemoreandmorepopular.
解析:词义猜测题。根据下文,尤其是“ignorant fun”判断出冲浪文化在逐渐衰退,故选B。
答案:B
4.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?
A.TheSpreadofSurfCulture
B.TheHistoryofSurfCulture
C.TheRebirthofSurfCulture
D.TheAdvantagesofSurfCulture
解析:标题归纳题。通读全文得出最佳题目是“冲浪文化的传播”,B、C两项分别是文章内容的一部分,D项文中没有提到。故选A。
答案:A
B
Mydoctortookmeforawalkaroundthefarmwhereshelives.Iwasphysicallyandmentallyexhaustedanddiscouraged.
Thefarmwasfulloflife.Therewereinsects,horses,rabbits,andcats.Shetoldmetofocusonmybodyintheenvironment.WhenIwasill,Iintendedtoescapefromthereality.SoIexpectednothingwhenmeetingthehorsenamedFira.
AsIgotclosertoFira,shenuzzled(用鼻子爱抚)mychest,puttingagentlepressureovermyheart.Somethinghappenedinsideme:IfeltasifIhadreachedawellspring(源泉)ofmyfears,hurtsandfailures.Ibegantomeltemotionallyinanuncommonway.IpattedFira’snoseandbreathedinhersmell.Firahelpedmefeellovedandsafe.Afterthat,IbeganworkingwithFiraoften,learningbasiccommunicationandleadingmethodstoworktogetherwithher.Sheconnectedwithmebyrespondingtomyemotionalstateandreflectingitbacktomeinanopen,friendlyway.
InmymeetingswithFira,Ilearnedtoliveinthepresent,tofocusonwhatwashappeningthisday,atthismoment,inthisplace.Ilearnedtoforgetthepast,withallitshurt.Ilearnedtoforgetthefuture,whichhadn’thappenedyet.Ifounddeeppeaceinleadingheralongthepath,byusingmyownpowertojudgewhethertostart,stop,turnleftorturnright.Ifoundinnerquietandevenjoy.Myworkwiththishorsewaspartofajourneyoutofaverydarknightinmysoul.
5.WhatdidtheauthorthinkofFiraattheverybeginning?
A.Grateful. B.Interested.
C.Worried. D.Unconcerned.
解析:推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“So I expected nothing when meeting the horse named Fira.” 可知,作者最开始认为这匹叫菲拉的马不会对自己的状况有什么帮助,由此推知,作者起初应对Fira不感兴趣的。unconcerned意为“不关心的;不感兴趣的”。故选D。
答案:D
6.WhathappenedwhenFiraapproachedtheauthor?
A.ShefeltafraidandFirahurther.
B.Sherealizedhowtoliveinthepresent.
C.Shewastouchedmentallyinaspecialway.
D.Shelearnedbasiccommunicationmethodswithhorses.
解析:细节理解题。根据第三段第二、三句可知,菲拉接近作者时, 作者感到自己的内心开始以一种不同寻常的方式融化,即菲拉用一种特别的方式在精神上打动了作者。C项中的“mentally”和“special”分别对应第三段第三句中的“emotionally”和“uncommon”。故选C。
答案:C
7.Whatmightbethebiggestgainfortheauthor?
A.Makingfriendswithalittlehorse.
B.Learninghowtoliveinthefuture.
C.Spendingagoodtimewiththedoctor.
D.Findingdeeppeaceandinnerquiet.
解析:推理判断题。根据第四段中的“I found deep peace”以及“I found inner quiet and even joy.”可知,作者获得了内心深处的祥和与平静。故选D。
答案:D
8.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?
A.Animalsarethefriendsofhumanbeings.
B.TheauthorrecoverswiththehelpofFira.
C.Itisagoodideatogetclosetonature.
D.Someanimalshavemagicalabilities.
解析:段落大意题。根据最后一段最后一句“My work with this horse was part of a journey out of a very dark night in my soul.”可知,作者在这匹马的帮助下得以康复。故选B。
答案:B
Ⅴ. 完形填空
AntarcticaisthecontinentwhichisthemostsouthernareaoflandonEarthandismostly 1 withice.Thisisoneofthedriestand 2 placesintheworld.Butpeoplefromallovertheworldcometo 3 there.NeartheSouthPole,threethousandpeoplelivetogetherinaplacecalledAmundsen-ScottSouthPoleStation.
Thestationhaslibraries,cinemas,shops,sportsrooms,canteensandlaboratories.Thereiselectricity,andtheyhave 4 —thesystemthattheyusetohaveaconversationwithsomeoneinanotherplace.Andtheyhave 5 —electronicmachinesthatstoreinformationanduseprogrammestohelpthemfind,organise,orchangetheinformation.
Butthepeopleheredon’ttravelbycar,train,orbus,becausetherearen’tanyroadsorrailwaysnearthestation.Theytravelbyship,helicopter,plane,orsnowtractor,or 6 dogs.
Therearen’t 7 treesorflowersthere,buttherearehundredsofdifferentbirdsandother 8 .
Mostofthepeoplehereare 9 .Theystudyplantsandanimalsandhowice 10 .Theicecan 11 usaboutchangesinclimate.RayKingmanisanexpertatAmundsen-ScottSouthPoleStation,tellingus 12 thephone, “Thisismysecondyearhere.It’saveryinterestingandbeautifulplace,butlifeisvery 13 inwinter.Insummerwecango 14 inhotpoolsofwater.Wewelcomenewcomershereforfurther 15 ofthecontinent!”
1.A.filled B.equipped
C.discovered D.covered
解析:南极洲是地球上最南部的陆地,大部分被冰覆盖。fill装满;equip配备;discover发现;cover覆盖,故选D。
答案:D
2.A.warmest B.coldest
C.coolest D.hottest
解析:根据“and is mostly ... with ice”可知,此处表示这是世界上最干燥和最寒冷的地方之一。warmest最温暖的;coldest最冷的;coolest最凉爽的;hottest最热的,故选B。
答案:B
3.A.travel B.settle
C.work D.live
解析:下文说到这儿来的人大部分是科学家,他们研究动植物以及冰层的移动,可以推出此处表示“但是世界各地的人都来这里工作”。travel旅行;settle定居;work工作;live生活。故选C。
答案:C
4.A.telephones B.films
C.televisions D.recordplayers
解析:根据“the system that they use to have a conversation with someone in another place”可知他们有电话。telephone电话;film电影;television电视;record player唱机。故选A。
答案:A
5.A.printers B.icons
C.mice D.computers
解析:破折号有解释说明的作用。此处由后面的“electronic machines that store information and use programmes to help them find, organise, or change the information”可知,此处指的是电脑。printer打印机;icon图标;mouse鼠标;computer电脑。故选D。
答案:D
6.A.with B.insteadof
C.on D.infrontof
解析:他们坐船、直升机、飞机、雪地牵引车或用狗旅行。with表示“用”,与前面的by并列。故选A。
答案:A
7.A.much B.any
C.many D.some
解析:那儿没有树木和花草,但是有数百种不同的鸟类和其他动物。前半句是否定句,故用any。much大量的;any任何的;many许多的;some一些。故选B。
答案:B
8.A.plants B.things
C.animals D.life
解析:那儿没有树木和花草,但是有数百种不同的鸟类和其他动物。plant植物;thing事物;animal动物;life生命。故选C。
答案:C
9.A.teachers B.scientists
C.doctors D.workers
解析:根据下文“They study plants and animals and how ice ...”可推出,只有科学家才研究动植物。teacher教师;scientist科学家;doctor医生;worker工人。故选B。
答案:B
10.A.flows B.melts
C.freezes D.moves
解析:这里指科学家们研究动植物以及冰层的移动。flow流动;melt融化;freeze结冰;move移动。故选D。
答案:D
11.A.show B.tell
C.say D.suggest
解析:冰能告诉我们气候的变化。tell sb about sth告诉某人某事。其他词不和about搭配。show sb sth/show sth to sb向某人展示某物;say to sb对某人说;suggest sth to sb向某人建议某物。故选B。
答案:B
12.A.in B.on
C.which D.by
解析:科考站的一位专家在电话里告诉我们。on the phone/by phone用电话交谈,在通话,是固定搭配。故选B。
答案:B
13.A.pleasant B.easy
C.hard D.comfortable
解析:这是一个非常有趣和美丽的地方,但在冬天生活是非常困难的。pleasant令人愉快的;easy容易的;hard困难的;comfortable舒适的。故选C。
答案:C
14.A.swimming B.boating
C.fishing D.washing
解析:根据“In summer”和下面的“in hot pools of water”推断出,这里指夏天他们可以去热水池游泳。go swimming去游泳;go boating去划船;go fishing去钓鱼;go washing去洗。故选A。
答案:A
15.A.life B.visit
C.study D.climate
解析:科学家去南极的目的是搞科学研究,此处表示欢迎新人来南极进行进一步的研究。life生活;visit参观;study研究;climate气候。故选C。
答案:C
SectionⅠ ReadingandThinking(1)
阅读理解
A
HenryStanleyisperhapsbestknownforhisexpeditionintoAfricatofindDrDavidLivingstone,butthat’snottheonlyrescuemissionheundertook.InDecember1886,StanleysetoffforAfricaonwhatwouldbehislastjourney:anattempttofindandbringhomeaGermanzoologistnamedEduardSchnitzer.
Schnitzerhadtakenthename “EminPasha”,inanattempttobebetterreceivedbythosehewaslivingamong.Pashawascataloguingahostofrecently-discoveredplantandanimallifeformswhenfightingbrokeoutintheSudan.Pashawithdrewtotheequator,ataboutthesametimetheEminPashaReliefCommitteewasformed.InadditiontothechiefgoalofbringingPashahome,StanleywasalsounderordersfromtheKingofBelgiumtoopenupsomenewtraderoutesinthearea.
TheroundaboutroutetheCommitteeendeduptakingmeantthatbythetimetheyfinallyfoundPashamanymembersoftheexpeditionweredead.Thosethatdidsurvivewereworn,ill,andstarvingbythetimetheyfoundPashawho,incomparison,waswell-dressed,clean,and—bysomeaccounts—smokingathree-year-oldcigarwhentheyfinallyfoundhim.Hewasinneedofallsupportandsupplies,buthehadneitherintentnordesiretoleavethearea.Argumentsarose,causingafirmhatredbetweenStanleyandPasha.
StanleyfinallyconvincedPashatoleavewiththeremainsoftheexpedition,settingoffonademandingtripbackthroughAfrica.TheyfinallymetupwithsomeGermanexplorers,andmadeitbacktotheporttownofBagamoyoin1889.
Duringthepartytheythrewtocelebratetheirreturntocivilisation,Pashafelloffabalconyandbrokehisskull.StanleyreturnedtoEuropetoreceivecommendationsandcongratulations,whilePashaslowlyrecoveredfromhisunwantedrescue.
1.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthistext?
A.HappinessWasBalancedbySadness
B.Stanley’sBestKnownExpedition
C.A “Successful” RescueMission
D.ALegendofEminPasha
解析:标题归纳题。文章讲述了史丹利带领探险队历尽千辛万苦远征非洲,将德国动物学家帕夏救了回来,完成了救援任务。A选项意为“快乐和悲伤互相平衡”;B选项意为“史丹利最著名的远征”;C选项意为“一次‘成功的’救援任务”;D选项意为“艾敏·帕夏的传奇”。故选C。
答案:C
2.Whatresultedinthedeathsofthemembersoftheexpedition?
A.Hatredamongthemembersledtobloodyconflicts.
B.Theywereinvolvedinafightingwiththelocalarmy.
C.TheCommitteewasdismissedhalfwaythroughthemission.
D.Theroutetheychosecostthemtoomuchtimeandsupplies.
解析:推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The roundabout route ... many members of the expedition were dead”(委员会最终采取的迂回曲折的路线意味着当他们最终找到Pasha时,许多探险队员已经死亡)以及“Those that did survive were worn, ill, and starving”(那些活下来的人处于疲惫不堪、生病和饥饿的状态)可知探险途中的艰辛,缺少供给。 故选D。
答案:D
3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword “commendations” meaninthelastparagraph?
A.Criticism. B.Resignation.
C.Preparation. D.Credit.
解析:词义猜测题。从最后一段中的“celebrate their return”(庆祝回归)和“congratulations”(祝贺)可知,Stanley回到欧洲接受嘉奖和祝贺。criticism批评;resignation辞职;preparation准备; credit赞许,赞扬。故选D。
答案:D
4.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoconveybymentioning “smokingathree-year-oldcigar”?
A.Pashawasingoodcondition.
B.Pasharanoutofsupplies.
C.Pashafeltdelightedattheirarrival.
D.Pashawasaddictedtotobacco.
解析:推理判断题。根据第三段可知,那些活下来的探险队员处于疲惫不堪、生病和饥饿的状态。相比之下,帕夏穿着得体、干净,还吸着一支三年前的雪茄。由此可以看出帕夏的状态很好。故选A。
答案:A
B
(2022年·全国乙卷)
In1916,twogirlsofwealthyfamilies,bestfriendsfromAuburn,N.Y.—DorothyWoodruffandRosamondUnderwood—traveledtoasettlementintheRockyMountainstoteachinaone-roomschoolhouse.ThegirlshadgonetoSmithCollege.Theyworeexpensiveclothes.SoforthemtomovetoElkhead,Colo.toinstructthechildrenwhoseshoeswereheldtogetherwithstringwasasurprise.TheirstayinElkheadisthesubjectofNothingDaunted:TheUnexpectedEducationofTwoSocietyGirlsintheWestbyDorothyWickenden,whoisamagazineeditorandDorothyWoodruff’sgranddaughter.
Whydidtheygothen?Well,theywantedtodosomethinguseful.Soon,however,theyrealizedwhattheyhadundertaken.
Theymovedinwithalocalfamily,theHarrisons,and,likethem,hadlittleprivacy,rarebaths,andablanketofsnowontheirquiltwhentheywokeupinthemorning.Somemornings,RosamondandDorothywouldarriveattheschoolhousetofindthechildrenweepingfromthecold.Inspring,thesnowwasreplacedbymudoverice.
InWickenden’sbook,sheexpandedonthehistoryoftheWestandalsoonfeminism,whichofcourseinfluencedthegirls’decisiontogotoElkhead.Ahair-raisingsectionconcernsthebuildingoftherailroads,whichentailed(牵涉)drillingthroughtheRockies,ofteninblindingsnowstorms.ThebookendswithRosamondandDorothy’sreturntoAuburn.
Wickendenisaverygoodstoryteller.Thesweepofthelandandthestoicism(坚忍)ofthepeoplemovehertosomebeautifulwriting.HereisapictureofDorothyWoodruff,onherhorse,lookingdownfromahilltop: “Whenthesunslippedbehindthemountains,itshedarosyglowallaroundthem.Thenafullmoonrose.Thesnowwasmarkedonlybysmallanimals:foxes,coyotes,mice,andvaryinghares,whichturnedwhiteinthewinter. ”
5.WhydidDorothyandRosamondgototheRockyMountains?
A.Toteachinaschool.
B.TostudyAmericanhistory.
C.Towriteabook.
D.Todosightseeing.
解析:细节理解题。根据第一段中的“In 1916, two girls of wealthy families, best friends from Auburn, N. Y. —Dorothy Woodruff and Rosamond Underwood—traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room schoolhouse.”可知,多萝西和罗莎蒙德去落基山脉是为了去学校里教书。故选A。
答案:A
6.Whatcanwelearnaboutthegirlsfromparagraph3?
A.Theyenjoyedmuchrespect.
B.Theyhadaroomwithabathtub.
C.Theylivedwiththelocalkids.
D.Theysufferedseverehardships.
解析:推理判断题。根据第三段中的“They moved in with a local family, the Harrisons, and, like them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning.”以及“In spring, the snow was replaced by mud over ice.”可知,女孩们的生活条件非常艰苦,她们饱受磨难。故选D。
答案:D
7.WhichpartofWickenden’swritingishair-raising?
A.TheextremeclimateofAuburn.
B.ThelivingconditionsinElkhead.
C.TherailroadbuildingintheRockies.
D.ThenaturalbeautyoftheWest.
解析:细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads, which entailed drilling through the Rockies, often in blinding snowstorms. ”可知,威肯登的作品中涉及落基山脉的铁路建设这一部分是令人毛骨悚然的。故选C。
答案:C
8.Whatisthetext?
A.Anewsreport.
B.Abookreview.
C.Achildren’sstory.
D.Adiaryentry.
解析:推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“The book ends with Rosamond and Dorothy’s return to Auburn.”以及最后一段中的“Wickenden is a very good storyteller. The sweep of the land and the stoicism of the people move her to some beautiful writing.”可知,本文简要介绍了威肯登的书籍内容,并对其进行了评价,所以文本是一篇书评。故选B。
答案:B
C
FraserIsland
FraserIsland,offtheeastcoastofAustralia,isanamazingsight.Wavesofclearwatercrashontothewhitesandybeaches.ThepeoplewhofirstlivedtherecalleditK’gari.Itmeansparadise(乐园),andthat’sexactlywhatitis.
FraserIslandisaWorldHeritageSite(世界遗产保护区)becauseofitsuniquenaturalsurroundings.9.________IthasmoresandthantheSaharaDesert.Hugesanddunesmoveslowlyacrosstheislandwiththewind.Inthevalleysbetweenthesanddunesarefreshwaterlakes.10.________
Theislandhasover120kmofcleanbeaches,rainforests,andrarebirdsandanimals.11.________Youneedthistypeofvehiclebecauseyouhavetodrivethroughsand.
TherearenoroadsonFraserIsland.12.________Evenairplaneslandonthesand.It’sdescribedasoneofthemostbeautifuldrivesintheworld.Ifyouplanonstayingovernight,youmustcampoutinatent,astherearefewplacestostayontheisland.13.________
FraserIslandisabeautifulanduniqueplace.Witheverythingsonaturallybeautiful,itwillnotbearoundforever.Everyoneshouldseeitonceintheirlifetime.
A.Itisthelargestsandislandintheworld.
B.Youhavetodriveonthebeachalongtheocean.
C.Todaytheislandisapopulartourismdestination.
D.Allhillsontheislandformthroughsandblowing.
E.Thereareonly360peoplelivingthere,andjustafewhotels.
F.Thereareover100ofthesesmall,cleanlakesallovertheisland.
G.Toseeallthebeautyontheisland,youcanrentafour-wheel-drivevehicle.
9. 解析:下一句提到“这里的沙比撒哈拉沙漠的沙还多”,联系下文,A选项“它是世界上最大的沙岛”切题。该选项中的It和下一句中的It都是指弗雷泽岛。故选A。
答案:A
10. 解析:上一句提到“在沙丘之间的山谷里有淡水湖”,承接上文,F选项“岛上有100多个这样干净的小湖泊”符合语境。故选F。
答案:F
11. 解析:下一句提到“你需要这种车,因为你必须在沙地上开车”,G选项“要想看到岛上所有的美景,你可以租一辆四轮驱动的汽车”符合上下文语境。下一句中的“this type of vehicle”指代的就是G选项中的“a four-wheel-drive vehicle”。故选G。
答案:G
12. 解析:上一句提到“弗雷泽岛上没有公路”,承接上文,B选项“你不得不沿着海边开车”符合逻辑,两句是因果关系。故选B。
答案:B
13. 解析:上一句提到“如果你打算过夜,你必须在帐篷里露营,因为岛上几乎没有地方可以住”,承接上文,E选项“只有360人住在那里,并且只有几家旅馆”用来进一步说明岛上几乎没有地方可以住的原因。故选E。
答案:E
ReadingandThinking(2)
[基础测评]
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1.He’sexperiencedand________(qualify)forthisjob.
2.Thequarrelbetweenthemwas________(bitter)thanthatoflastweek.
3.Whentheir________(wage)arepaidonFriday,theywillbeveryhappy.
4.Althoughshewasintrouble,sheturned________everyofferofhelp.
5.Heisthebestmanwhocanfinishthe________(assign).
6.Herheart________(sink)asthelistendedwithouthername.
7.Wewereafraidtoabandon________(we)toourfeelings.
8.Theycannotaffordtolive________(decent)onwhattheyarepaid.
9.Manypeoplefeelenvy________hisgoodluck.
10.Ioftenexpressmyownopinion________(genuine)andsincerely.
答案:1. qualified 2. more bitter 3. wages
4. down 5. assignment 6. sank 7. ourselves
8. decently 9. at/of 10. genuinely
Ⅱ. 用方框中所给短语的正确形式填空
toone’ssurprise,turndown,setoff,dreamof,abandononeselfto,becomestuckin,holdon,fill...with...
1.We_______________onthelastpartofourtriptoChina.
2._______________aminute!Isn’tthatyourbrother’scaroverthere?
3.Theydancedwildlydownthestreet,_______________thenightandthemoon.
4.Theyofferedherthejobbutshe________it________.
5.Hewaslatebecausehe_______________atrafficjam.
6._______________,manyofthemexpresseddisappointment.
7.Inever_______________happinesslikethis.
8.Theworldneedspeace.Let’s________theworld________love.
答案:1. set off 2. Hold on
3. abandoning themselves to
4. turned down 5. became stuck in
6. To our surprise 7. dreamed of 8. fill with
Ⅲ. 语法填空
After1.________(read)theadvertisementpostedbyShackleton,Perceresolvedtojointheexpedition.Atfirsthewassoyoungthathe2.________(turn)downbyShackleton.Hemanagedtogoaboard3.________ship.Thejourneywasnotsoeasy.Theshipbecame4.________(stick)intheice.Beforetheyabandonedtheship,Shackleton5.________(calm)calledthemtorescuetheiressential6.________(supply),suchasthesmallboats,theirfood,thecookstove,candles,etc.7.________(keep)theirspiritsup,theykeptHussey’sbanjo.WhentheyreachedElephantIsland,thingsweregoingfrombadto8.________(bad).Shackletonleftthemtofindhelp.Theyhadtocatchsealsorpenguinstoeat.WhenPerce9.________(feel)low,FrankWildencouragedhimtoholdon.WildandShackleton’sperseverance,andtheirresolvefilledPerce10.________hope.
答案:1. reading 2. was turned 3. the 4. stuck
5. calmly 6. supplies 7. To keep 8. worse
9. felt 10. with
[提升测评]
Ⅳ. 阅读理解
A
Thethirdthemeofgeographyismovement.Aspeopletravelaroundtheworld,exchanginggoods,ideasandinterests,theglobalcommunityistransformed.Takesurfing,forexample.ThesportoriginatedinHawaiicenturiesago.Today,thecry “Surfup!” canbeheardalongcoastlineseverywhere.
EuropeanswerethefirstWesternerstoobservethesport.In1779,CaptainCook,aBritishexplorer,andhiscrewsailedaroundtheSandwichIslands(NowHawaii).NeartherockycoastoftheBigIsland,theywitnessedamanridingawavewhilestandingonaboard.
Cookwasstrickenbywhathesaw.Hawaiianswouldanticipategoodwavesandholdceremonieswhenbuildingsurfboards.Theirboardswerebuiltaccordingtorank:Chiefsusedlongboards(16to18feetlong),whilecommonersusedshorterones(6to8feetlong).
AfterthearrivalofEuropeans,Hawaiiansurfculturedeclined.ManyHawaiiansdiedofEuropean-bornediseases.Also,thebeliefthatsurfingwas “ignorantfun” waswidelyspread.
TheseconditionschangedafterHawaiibecameaUnitedStatesterritoryin1900.(Itbecameastatein1959.)Travellerstotheislandsbroughtbackstoriesofwaveriding.TalesofthethrillingsportspreadacrosstheUS,thentotherestoftheworld.
Today,surfingisthekingofboardsports.Theworldhasnearly8,000 “surfspots” in136countrieson6continents.TheAssociationofSurfingProfessionals(ASP)holdsanannualworldtourinwhichtopriderscompeteformillionsofenthusiastsofthewaves.
Top5countrieswithsurfspots
Country
No.ofSpots
UnitedStates
1,375
Australia
1,160
SouthAfrica
575
France
352
NewZealand
338
1.Wheredidsurfingoriginateaccordingtothetext?
A.Britain. B.Europe.
C.America. D.France.
解析:细节理解题。根据第一段的“Take surfing, for example. The sport originated in Hawaii centuries ago.”可知,冲浪这项运动几世纪前起源于夏威夷,夏威夷属于美国,故选C。
答案:C
2.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?
A.CaptainCookwasinterestedinsurfing.
B.TherearenosurfspotsinAsia.
C.InHawaii,everyonewasequalinsports.
D.Surfingisthethirdthemeofgeography.
解析:细节理解题。根据第三段的“Cook was stricken by what he saw.”可知,他对冲浪很感兴趣;根据最后一段的“The world has nearly 8,000 ‘surf spots’ in 136 countries on 6 continents.”可知,B项错误;根据第三段的“Their boards were built according to rank”可知,他们的冲浪板是按等级建造的,因此C项错误;根据第一段的“The third theme of geography is movement.”可知,地理的第三个主题是运动,不是冲浪,因此D项错误。故选A。
答案:A
3.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordinthefourthparagraphprobablymean?
A.ExcitedEuropeans.
B.Graduallylostitsstrength.
C.Diedout.
D.Becamemoreandmorepopular.
解析:词义猜测题。根据下文,尤其是“ignorant fun”判断出冲浪文化在逐渐衰退,故选B。
答案:B
4.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?
A.TheSpreadofSurfCulture
B.TheHistoryofSurfCulture
C.TheRebirthofSurfCulture
D.TheAdvantagesofSurfCulture
解析:标题归纳题。通读全文得出最佳题目是“冲浪文化的传播”,B、C两项分别是文章内容的一部分,D项文中没有提到。故选A。
答案:A
B
Mydoctortookmeforawalkaroundthefarmwhereshelives.Iwasphysicallyandmentallyexhaustedanddiscouraged.
Thefarmwasfulloflife.Therewereinsects,horses,rabbits,andcats.Shetoldmetofocusonmybodyintheenvironment.WhenIwasill,Iintendedtoescapefromthereality.SoIexpectednothingwhenmeetingthehorsenamedFira.
AsIgotclosertoFira,shenuzzled(用鼻子爱抚)mychest,puttingagentlepressureovermyheart.Somethinghappenedinsideme:IfeltasifIhadreachedawellspring(源泉)ofmyfears,hurtsandfailures.Ibegantomeltemotionallyinanuncommonway.IpattedFira’snoseandbreathedinhersmell.Firahelpedmefeellovedandsafe.Afterthat,IbeganworkingwithFiraoften,learningbasiccommunicationandleadingmethodstoworktogetherwithher.Sheconnectedwithmebyrespondingtomyemotionalstateandreflectingitbacktomeinanopen,friendlyway.
InmymeetingswithFira,Ilearnedtoliveinthepresent,tofocusonwhatwashappeningthisday,atthismoment,inthisplace.Ilearnedtoforgetthepast,withallitshurt.Ilearnedtoforgetthefuture,whichhadn’thappenedyet.Ifounddeeppeaceinleadingheralongthepath,byusingmyownpowertojudgewhethertostart,stop,turnleftorturnright.Ifoundinnerquietandevenjoy.Myworkwiththishorsewaspartofajourneyoutofaverydarknightinmysoul.
5.WhatdidtheauthorthinkofFiraattheverybeginning?
A.Grateful. B.Interested.
C.Worried. D.Unconcerned.
解析:推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“So I expected nothing when meeting the horse named Fira.” 可知,作者最开始认为这匹叫菲拉的马不会对自己的状况有什么帮助,由此推知,作者起初应对Fira不感兴趣的。unconcerned意为“不关心的;不感兴趣的”。故选D。
答案:D
6.WhathappenedwhenFiraapproachedtheauthor?
A.ShefeltafraidandFirahurther.
B.Sherealizedhowtoliveinthepresent.
C.Shewastouchedmentallyinaspecialway.
D.Shelearnedbasiccommunicationmethodswithhorses.
解析:细节理解题。根据第三段第二、三句可知,菲拉接近作者时, 作者感到自己的内心开始以一种不同寻常的方式融化,即菲拉用一种特别的方式在精神上打动了作者。C项中的“mentally”和“special”分别对应第三段第三句中的“emotionally”和“uncommon”。故选C。
答案:C
7.Whatmightbethebiggestgainfortheauthor?
A.Makingfriendswithalittlehorse.
B.Learninghowtoliveinthefuture.
C.Spendingagoodtimewiththedoctor.
D.Findingdeeppeaceandinnerquiet.
解析:推理判断题。根据第四段中的“I found deep peace”以及“I found inner quiet and even joy.”可知,作者获得了内心深处的祥和与平静。故选D。
答案:D
8.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?
A.Animalsarethefriendsofhumanbeings.
B.TheauthorrecoverswiththehelpofFira.
C.Itisagoodideatogetclosetonature.
D.Someanimalshavemagicalabilities.
解析:段落大意题。根据最后一段最后一句“My work with this horse was part of a journey out of a very dark night in my soul.”可知,作者在这匹马的帮助下得以康复。故选B。
答案:B
Ⅴ. 完形填空
AntarcticaisthecontinentwhichisthemostsouthernareaoflandonEarthandismostly 1 withice.Thisisoneofthedriestand 2 placesintheworld.Butpeoplefromallovertheworldcometo 3 there.NeartheSouthPole,threethousandpeoplelivetogetherinaplacecalledAmundsen-ScottSouthPoleStation.
Thestationhaslibraries,cinemas,shops,sportsrooms,canteensandlaboratories.Thereiselectricity,andtheyhave 4 —thesystemthattheyusetohaveaconversationwithsomeoneinanotherplace.Andtheyhave 5 —electronicmachinesthatstoreinformationanduseprogrammestohelpthemfind,organise,orchangetheinformation.
Butthepeopleheredon’ttravelbycar,train,orbus,becausetherearen’tanyroadsorrailwaysnearthestation.Theytravelbyship,helicopter,plane,orsnowtractor,or 6 dogs.
Therearen’t 7 treesorflowersthere,buttherearehundredsofdifferentbirdsandother 8 .
Mostofthepeoplehereare 9 .Theystudyplantsandanimalsandhowice 10 .Theicecan 11 usaboutchangesinclimate.RayKingmanisanexpertatAmundsen-ScottSouthPoleStation,tellingus 12 thephone, “Thisismysecondyearhere.It’saveryinterestingandbeautifulplace,butlifeisvery 13 inwinter.Insummerwecango 14 inhotpoolsofwater.Wewelcomenewcomershereforfurther 15 ofthecontinent!”
1.A.filled B.equipped
C.discovered D.covered
解析:南极洲是地球上最南部的陆地,大部分被冰覆盖。fill装满;equip配备;discover发现;cover覆盖,故选D。
答案:D
2.A.warmest B.coldest
C.coolest D.hottest
解析:根据“and is mostly ... with ice”可知,此处表示这是世界上最干燥和最寒冷的地方之一。warmest最温暖的;coldest最冷的;coolest最凉爽的;hottest最热的,故选B。
答案:B
3.A.travel B.settle
C.work D.live
解析:下文说到这儿来的人大部分是科学家,他们研究动植物以及冰层的移动,可以推出此处表示“但是世界各地的人都来这里工作”。travel旅行;settle定居;work工作;live生活。故选C。
答案:C
4.A.telephones B.films
C.televisions D.recordplayers
解析:根据“the system that they use to have a conversation with someone in another place”可知他们有电话。telephone电话;film电影;television电视;record player唱机。故选A。
答案:A
5.A.printers B.icons
C.mice D.computers
解析:破折号有解释说明的作用。此处由后面的“electronic machines that store information and use programmes to help them find, organise, or change the information”可知,此处指的是电脑。printer打印机;icon图标;mouse鼠标;computer电脑。故选D。
答案:D
6.A.with B.insteadof
C.on D.infrontof
解析:他们坐船、直升机、飞机、雪地牵引车或用狗旅行。with表示“用”,与前面的by并列。故选A。
答案:A
7.A.much B.any
C.many D.some
解析:那儿没有树木和花草,但是有数百种不同的鸟类和其他动物。前半句是否定句,故用any。much大量的;any任何的;many许多的;some一些。故选B。
答案:B
8.A.plants B.things
C.animals D.life
解析:那儿没有树木和花草,但是有数百种不同的鸟类和其他动物。plant植物;thing事物;animal动物;life生命。故选C。
答案:C
9.A.teachers B.scientists
C.doctors D.workers
解析:根据下文“They study plants and animals and how ice ...”可推出,只有科学家才研究动植物。teacher教师;scientist科学家;doctor医生;worker工人。故选B。
答案:B
10.A.flows B.melts
C.freezes D.moves
解析:这里指科学家们研究动植物以及冰层的移动。flow流动;melt融化;freeze结冰;move移动。故选D。
答案:D
11.A.show B.tell
C.say D.suggest
解析:冰能告诉我们气候的变化。tell sb about sth告诉某人某事。其他词不和about搭配。show sb sth/show sth to sb向某人展示某物;say to sb对某人说;suggest sth to sb向某人建议某物。故选B。
答案:B
12.A.in B.on
C.which D.by
解析:科考站的一位专家在电话里告诉我们。on the phone/by phone用电话交谈,在通话,是固定搭配。故选B。
答案:B
13.A.pleasant B.easy
C.hard D.comfortable
解析:这是一个非常有趣和美丽的地方,但在冬天生活是非常困难的。pleasant令人愉快的;easy容易的;hard困难的;comfortable舒适的。故选C。
答案:C
14.A.swimming B.boating
C.fishing D.washing
解析:根据“In summer”和下面的“in hot pools of water”推断出,这里指夏天他们可以去热水池游泳。go swimming去游泳;go boating去划船;go fishing去钓鱼;go washing去洗。故选A。
答案:A
15.A.life B.visit
C.study D.climate
解析:科学家去南极的目的是搞科学研究,此处表示欢迎新人来南极进行进一步的研究。life生活;visit参观;study研究;climate气候。故选C。
答案:C
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