英语Unit 5 Poems导学案

UNIT 5 POEMS

Ⅰ.匹配词义

a．匹配下列单词词义

(　　)1.sorrow　　 A．adj.空白的；无图画

 (或韵律、装饰)的；没表情的

 n．空白；空格

(　　)2.rhyme B．n.情绪；心情；语气

(　　)3.diamond   C．vt.修改；润色；抛光

 n．上光剂；抛光；擦亮

(　　)4.amateur D．n.悲伤；悲痛；伤心事

 vi.感到悲伤

(　　)5.mood   E．n.押韵词；押韵的短诗

(　　)6.delicate   F．n.最后期限；截止日期

(　　)7.revolve   G．n.钻石；金刚石；菱形

(　　)8.blank   H．n.业余爱好者

 adj.业余的，业余爱好的

(　　)9.deadline   I．n.精美的；精致的；脆弱的

(　　)10.polish   J．vi.旋转；环绕；转动

[答案]　1—5　DEGHB　6—10　IJAFC

b．匹配下列短语词义

(　　)1.to the point　　 A．由……组成(构成)

(　　)2.be popular with B．有意义；讲得通

(　　)3.be made up of   C．切题的；中肯的

(　　)4.make sense D．受……欢迎

(　　)5.be translated into  E．被翻译成

[答案]　1—5　CDABE

Ⅱ.默写单词

1．literary adj.　 文学的；爱好文学的；

 有文学作品特征的

2．nursery adj.    幼儿教育的

n.   托儿所；保育室

3．folk adj.    民间的；民俗的；普通百姓的

4．tease vi.&vt.    取笑(某人)；揶揄；逗弄

5．syllable n.   音节

6．await vt.    等候；期待；将发生在

7．utter vt.    出声；说；讲

adj.   安全的；十足的；彻底的

8．prejudice n.   偏见；成见

vt.   使怀有(或形成)偏见

9．complicated adj.    复杂的；难懂的

10．sow vt.&vi.    播种；种

Ⅰ.选词填空

utter；tease；sorrow；deadline；await；blank；complicated；version；polish；prejudice

1．They said that the decision was made more in sorrow than in anger.

2．There is little prejudice against workers from other EU states.

3．The situation in Lebanon is very complicated．

4．He polished his glasses with a handkerchief.

5．I hope we can finish this before the deadline．

6．The English version of the novel is due for publication next year.

7．She turned to a blank page in her notebook.

8．He smacked his lips but did not utter a word.

9．Don't tease him about his weight，you're being cruel.

10．We know that many difficulties await us.

Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词

1．They finished first and second respectively(respective)．

2．His behaviour was completely beyond comprehension(comprehensive)．

3．She met people in London who were sympathetic(sympathy) to the Indian freedom struggle.

4．He claims he has evidence which could prove his innocence(innocent)．

5．I refused to enter into any correspondence(correspond) with him about it.

6．They have pledged (保证) to end racial(race) discrimination in areas such as employment.

1．There are various reasons why people compose poetry.

人们写诗的原因是多方面的。

2．One of the simplest kinds of poem is the “list poem”，which contains a list of things，people，ideas，or descriptions that develop a particular theme.

最简单的一种诗是“清单诗”，它包含了一系列发展特定主题的事物、人物、思想或描述。

3．List poems have a flexible line length and repeated phrases which give both a pattern and a rhythm to the poem.

清单诗有一个灵活的行长度和重复的短语，这给诗歌提供了一种模式和节奏。

4．Another simple form of poem that amateurs can easily write is the cinquain，which is made up of five lines.

另一种业余爱好者很容易写诗的简单形式是五行诗。

5．With so many different forms of poetry to choose from，you may eventually want to write poems of your own.

有这么多不同形式的诗歌可供选择，你最终可能会想自己写诗。

名师圈点

①various adj.各种各样的

②compose vt.创作；撰写

③convey vt.传递；表达

④sorrow n. 悲伤；悲痛；伤心事

vi.感到悲伤

⑤distinctive adj.独特的；有特色的

⑥characteristic n．特征；特点；品质

⑦economical adj.经济的

⑧descriptive adj. 描写的；叙述的；描写性的

⑨vivid adj.生动的；栩栩如生的

⑩integrated adj.综合的；完整统一的

⑪imagery n. 形象的描述；意象

⑫literary adj. 文学的；爱好文学的；有文学作品特征的

⑬ metaphor n．暗喻；隐喻

⑭rhyme n. 押韵诗

rhythm n. 节奏；韵律；规律

⑮nursery rhyme 童谣；儿歌

⑯folk adj.民间的；民俗的；普通百姓的

⑰to the point切题的；中肯的

⑱make sense有意义；讲得通

⑲ contradictory adj.矛盾的；对立的

⑳recite vt. 背诵；吟诵；列举

description n．描写；描述

theme n．主题

flexible adj.灵活的；可弯曲的

amateur n. 业余爱好者 adj. 业余的；业余爱好的

cinquain n．五行诗

be made up of由……组成

haiku n. 俳句

consist of由……构成

syllable n．音节

 format n．格式；总体安排 vt.格式化

 respectively adv. 分别；各自；依次为

translation n．翻译；译文

delicate adj. 精美的；精致的；脆弱的

mockingbird n．嘲鸫

diamond n．钻石；金刚石；菱形

brass n．黄铜；黄铜制品；铜管乐器

 billy goat 公山羊

bull n. 公牛

dewdrop n．露水；露珠

clover n．三叶草

lawn n．草坪；草地

athletic adj.健壮的；田径运动的

tease vi.&vt. 取笑(某人)；逗弄

await vt. 等候；期待；将发生在

revolve vi. 旋转；环绕；将发生在

 utter vt. 出声；说；讲

原文呈现

A FEW SIMPLE FORMS OF ENGLISH POEMS

There are various① reasons why people compose② poetry. Some poems tell a story or describe a certain image in the reader's mind. Others try to convey③ certain feelings such as joy and sorrow④. The distinctive⑤ characteristics⑥ of poetry often include economical⑦ use of words，descriptive⑧ and vivid⑨ language，integrated⑩ imagery⑪，literary⑫ devices such as similes and metaphors⑬，and arrangement of words，lines，rhymes⑭，and rhythm. Poets use many different forms of poetry to express themselves. Now we will look at a few of the simpler forms.

Some of the first poems a young child learns in English are nursery rhymes⑮. They are usually the traditional poems or folk⑯ songs. The language of these rhymes，like Poem A，is to the point⑰ but has a storyline. Many children enjoy nursery rhymes because they rhyme，have a strong rhythm，and often repeat the same words. The poems may not make sense⑱ and even seem contradictory⑲，but they are easy to learn and recite⑳. By playing with the words in nursery rhymes，children learn about language.

One of the simplest kinds of poem is the “list poem”，which contains a list of things，people，ideas，or descriptions that develop a particular theme. List poems have a flexible line length and repeated phrases which give both a pattern and a rhythm to the poem. Some rhyme [like B and C]，while others do not.

Another simple form of poem that amateurs can easily write is the cinquain，which is made up of five lines. With these，you can convey a strong picture or a certain mood in just a few words. Look at the example [D]．

Haiku is a Japanese form of poetry that consists of 17 syllables. It has a format of three lines，containing 5，7，and 5 syllables respectively. It is not a traditional form of English poetry，but is very popular with English writers. It is easy to write and，like the cinquain，can give a clear picture and create a special feeling using very few words. The haiku poem [E] on the right is a translation from Japanese，which shows a moment in the life of a delicate butterfly.

English speakers also enjoy poems from China，those from the Tang Dynasty in particular. A lot of Tang poetry has been translated into English，such as this one [F]．

With so many different forms of poetry to choose from，you may eventually want to write poems of your own. Give it a try!

A

Hush，little baby，don't say a word，

Papa's gonna buy you a mockingbird.

If that mockingbird won't sing，

Papa's gonna buy you a diamond ring.

If that diamond ring turns to brass，

Papa's gonna buy you a looking glass.

If that looking­glass gets broke，

Papa's gonna buy you a billy goat.

If that billy goat won't pull，

Papa's gonna buy you a cart and bull.

B

Mother

Hundreds of stars in the deep blue sky，

Hundreds of shells on the shore together，

Hundreds of birds that go singing by，

Hundreds of bees in the sunny weather，

Hundreds of dewdrops to greet the dawn，

Hundreds of bees in the purple clover，

Hundreds of butterflies on the lawn

But only one mother the world over.

George Cooper

C

LIFE

Life can be good，

Life can be bad，

Life is mostly cheerful，

but sometimes sad.

Life can be dreams，

Life can be great thoughts，

Life can mean a person，

Sitting in court.

D

Brother

Beautiful，athletic

Teasing，shouting，laughing

Friend and enemy too

Mine

E

A fallen blossom

Is coming back to the branch.

Look，a butterfly!

F

Where she awaits her husband

On and on the river flows.

Never looking back，

Transformed into stone.

Day by day upon the mountain top，

wind and rain revolve.

Should the traveller return，

this stone would utter speech.

Wang Jian

译文参考

英语诗歌的一些形式

人们写诗的原因是多方面的。有些诗在读者心目中讲故事或描写某种形象。其他人则试图表达某些情感，如喜悦和悲伤。诗歌的显著特点通常包括用词简洁，语言描述生动、形象，具备整合的意象，使用明喻和暗喻等文学手法，词、行、韵、节奏等编排有序。诗人用许多不同的种类的诗歌来表达自己。现在我们来看一些简单的形式。

小孩子在英语中最先学会的一些诗是儿歌。它们通常是传统诗歌或民歌。这些童谣(如诗歌A)的语言简单明了，但有故事情节。许多孩子喜欢童谣，因为童谣押韵，节奏很强，而且经常重复同一个单词。这些诗可能没有意义，甚至看起来矛盾，但它们很容易学习和背诵。通过玩儿歌里的单词，孩子们学习语言。

最简单的一种诗是“清单诗”，它包含了一系列发展特定主题的事物、人物、思想或描述。清单诗有一个灵活的行长度和重复的短语，这给诗歌提供了一种模式和节奏。有些押韵[像B和C]，而另一些不押韵。

另一种业余爱好者很容易写诗的简单形式是五行诗。有了这些，你可以在短短的几句话里传达出一幅强烈的画面或某种情绪。看[D]这个例子。

俳句是一种日语诗歌形式，由17个音节组成。它有三行格式，分别包含5、7和5个音节。它不是英国诗歌的传统形式，但很受英国作家的欢迎。它写起来很容易，而且像五行诗一样，每用几个字就能给人一个清晰的画面和一种特殊的感觉。右边的俳句诗是日文的译本，它展示了一只精致蝴蝶生命中的一刻。

母语是英语的人也喜欢中国的诗，尤其是唐朝的诗。有许多唐诗被翻译成英文，比如这一首诗[F]。

有这么多不同形式的诗歌可供选择，你最终可能会想自己写诗。试试看！

A

安静，小宝贝，不要说话，

爸爸会去给你买一个嘲鸫。

如果嘲鸫不唱歌，

爸爸会去给你买一枚钻石戒指。

如果钻石戒指变成黄铜，

爸爸会去给你买一面镜子。

如果镜子碎了，

爸爸会给你买一只山羊。

如果这山羊逃跑了，

爸爸会给你买一辆马车和一头公牛。

B

母亲

千百颗行星挂在深蓝的天空，

千百颗贝壳遍布悠长的海岸，

千百只鸟儿鸣唱飞过，

千百只蜜蜂在阳光下往返，

千百滴露珠迎接黎明，

千百只蜜蜂穿梭在紫色的三叶草中，

千百只蝴蝶在原野飞舞，

可只有一个母亲，在这茫茫的世间。

乔治·库珀

C

生活

生活可以美满，

生活可以悲伤，

生活可以充满欢乐，

但有时令人沮丧。

生活可以是梦想，

生活可以也可能是伟大的思想，

生活也可能意味着一个人，

(法庭) 坐在被告席上。

D

兄弟

爱美，又爱运动

爱闹，爱叫，又爱笑

是我的朋友

也是我的敌人

E

落下的花朵，

回到了树枝上。

瞧啊，是个蝴蝶！

F

望夫处，

江悠悠，

化为石，

不回头。

山头日日风复雨，

行人归来石应语。

王建