人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 1 Art课后复习题

UNIT 1　ART

Section A　Reading and Thinking

必备知识基础练

Ⅰ.单句填空

1.He is confident that his country 　　　　　　(emerge) as the first nation in the world free of absolute poverty. 

2.It’s only 　　　　　(realism) to accept that there will be some problems. 

3.According to a survey,more than half of Chinese students are short-sighted,　　　　　 (rank) first in the world. 

4.We’re trying to raise awareness about the environment in general and air pollution particular.

5.When I visited my teacher who was in hospital,I took a bunch of flowers I 　　　　　　　　(purchase) in the flower shop. 

6.Foshan launched an award ceremony to honour local 　　　　　　　 (influence) experts as “Foshan Craftsman”. 

Ⅱ.短语填空

no longer,in particular,be fond of,focus on,set apart from,turn to,as a result,as early as

1.Man is 　　　　　　　　　　other animals because of his ability to reason. 

2.We should pay attention to our behaviour,in formal situations 　　　　　　　　. 

3.　　　　　　　　 the fifth century BCE,Parmenides of Elea declared that the earth was a sphere. 

4.My grandparents 　　　　　　　　　　 the atmosphere of peace and calm in the country. 

5.In pursuing a dream,we might 　　　　　　only one way of making it come true,forgetting that there may be alternatives. 

6.No matter when Miss Smith was in real trouble,she always 　　　　　　　　Jack for help.

7.Many customs and traditional ways of behaviour are 　　　　　　　　relevant to the modern life. 

8.People have better access to health care than they used to,and they’re living longer 　　　　　　　.

Ⅲ.句式升级

1.While he was flying in space,Yang spoke to two astronauts aboard the International Space Station.(升级为省略句)

→　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,Yang spoke to two astronauts aboard the International Space Station. 

2.When I opened the door,I found that our maths teacher was being surrounded by a group of curious kids.(升级为动词-ing形式的被动式)

→When I opened the door,I found our maths teacher 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　a group of curious kids. 

3.Last night,there were millions of people watching the opening ceremony live on TV.(升级为定语从句)

→Last night,there were millions of people 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 the opening ceremony live on TV. 

4.The young don’t lack book knowledge now,but what they lack is practical experience.(升级为一个句子)

→What the young lack now is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　practical experience. 

能力素养提升练

Ⅳ.阅读理解

A

(2021·福建漳州一模)

Imagine taking a photo of a destination that’s so colorful that you don’t need to apply any filters.Among many of the Earth’s colorful landscapes,there are mountains whose colors go beyond single and boring shades.

The Pitons,Africa

Near the town of Soufriere,on St.Lucia’s southwestern coast,this pair of mountainous volcanic cones is truly green and what may attract your attention is that they’re also blessed in being covered with a grassy and unique forest that is home to a number of rare plant species.Collectively they are recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Zhangye National Geopark,China

In northwestern China’s province of Gansu,this UNESCO national park is considered to be one of China’s most beautiful natural wonders.At first glance,it looks as if a rainbow was carefully applied to a palette.

Montagne Sainte Victoire,France

What makes this mountain range so wonderful is that it has served as an inspiration for the French artist Paul Cezanne.This Post-Impressionist painter was inspired by this distinct landscape so much that it became the constant subject of his paintings.

Vermilion Cliffs National Monument,America

Named in 2000,this national monument in Northern Arizona line makes you feel as if you’ve stepped onto another planet.Towering cliffs,and colored rock formations are found across this site’s many regions.But wait a minute:There are certain areas that require obtaining specific permits in advance to explore them,so do your homework first.

1.What may interest you besides colors in The Pitons?

A.There are unusual plants.

B.It is located on the coast.

C.There are volcano-shaped mountains.

D.It’s a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

2.Which place became the constant subject of Paul Cezanne’s paintings?

A.The Pitons.

B.Zhangye National Geopark.

C.Montagne Sainte Victoire.

D.Vermilion Cliffs National Monument.

3.What needs your special attention when you visit Vermilion Cliffs National Monument?

A.Making some preparations ahead of time.

B.Getting a permission before exploring.

C.Various mountains blocking your way.

D.Feeling like walking into another planet.

B

(2021·江西吉安联考)

No matter where he parks his VW bus coated in chalkboard paint,Jonathan Sherman comes back to find great new art adorning the sides.

Once a week,he washes it and creates a new canvas for the amateur artists of American Fork who are inspired to fill its sides.

The story behind what has become known as the “Chalkbus” even inspired a mini documentary by college students,the Daily Herald reports.

The idea to make it a rolling chalkboard came to Sherman when the bus was due for a new paint job and he painted it black matte primer and then gazed over at his daughter drawing chalk on the sidewalk.He invited her to try on the van,and the plan was formed.

“People were like,‘Oh,you shouldn’t do that,people are going to draw all kinds of horrible things on there,’ you know,‘You’re asking for trouble,’” Sherman said.“People really haven’t drawn anything bad there,they always draw cool things.”

He started driving it several years ago,and frequently found drawings when he parked it in at the movie theater or grocery store.When he found someone drawing on the bus,he left them alone to finish before talking with them.“It’s always a positive conversation,” he said.Sherman,a licensed marriage and family therapist,said the bus seemed to provide something people were missing.He took it each year to the Out of Darkness Suicide Prevention Walk in Salt Lake City and let people draw on it there.

“A lot of people are really disconnected in society.And a lot of people suffer in silence,” he said.“Anywhere I can find a little small connection,I think it just alleviates a little bit of a burden somewhere for somebody to know that,you’re seen and you matter.”

“I’ve just noticed how many meaningful connections have come as a result of or have come because of the existence of the Chalkbus,” McKinnon said.“Because the Chalkbus exists,I’ve made friends that I wouldn’t have made.I want people to have peace,love and happiness.”

4.How did Sherman react when seeing someone painting on his bus?

A.He watched him/ her in a cold manner.

B.He stayed angry but kept silent.

C.He fought with the person.

D.He watched him/ her and then talked with the person.

5.What’s the meaning of the underlined word “alleviates” in paragraph 7?

A.Relieves.　　 B.Bears.

C.Accepts. D.Improves.

6.What’s the best title of the passage?

A.Immoral behaviors happening in public.

B.The “Chalkbus” inspires drawing and connectivity.

C.The “Chalkbus” promotes young artists born in colleges.

D.Newly-born style of art—Chalkbus drawing.

7.Where is the passage probably taken from?

A.A guidebook.

B.A scientific fiction.

C.A fashion magazine.

D.A news report.

Ⅴ.七选五

(2021·北京卷)

Music has long been considered to be an enjoyable pastime for many people.　1　 The mental health benefits from music can’t be argued.Music could also be helping you with many other health problems behind the scenes. 

　2　 However,for the same reason,music can be very beneficial if one is in pain.By distracting(分心) the mind from the pain,music,people say,can lower stress and anxiety levels.This,of course,can lead to less pain. 

Many people enjoy relaxing music in the evening prior to going to bed.　3　 While the validity of the idea is still being assessed,the lowered stress can even be tied back to blood pressure.Similarly,according to researchers,listening to just 30 minutes of soft music every day may help with healthy blood sugar levels,through the lowering of stress and anxiety. 

When it comes to heart health,there is speculation(推测) that it’s not the style of music,but rather the tempo that makes it so good for your heart health.In one European study,participants listened to music as the researchers monitored their heart rates and blood pressure.　4　 On the other hand,when the music slowed,the participants’ stress and anxiety levels became lower and the effects on heart rates appeared to follow suit. 

　5　 But there is a whole range of other health issues that turning up the radio could be beneficial for,which is what makes music so valuable. 

A.This feeling can also result in many other health problems.

B.Some experts say that music can be harmful if it is too loud.

C.This idea is a little off-the-wall but still has scientific backing.

D.They say it can play a big role in calming the brain enough to sleep.

E.The implications of music on overall well-being are really impressive.

F.It is also highly popular due to the individualized effects on stress and anxiety.

G.Interestingly,the more cheerful the music was,the faster their heart rates were.

答案：

Ⅰ.1.will emerge　2.realistic　3.ranking　4.in　5.had purchased　6.influential

Ⅱ.1.set apart from　2.in particular　3.As early as　4.are fond of　5.focus on　6.turned to　7.no longer　8.as a result

Ⅲ.1.While flying in space　2.being surrounded by　3.who were watching　4.not book knowledge but

Ⅳ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四座颜色很特别的山。

1.A　细节理解题。根据第二段中“...and what may attract your attention is that they’re also blessed in being covered with a grassy and unique forest that is home to a number of rare plant species.”可知,除了The Pitons的颜色,不寻常的植物可能会让你感兴趣。

2.C　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“What makes this mountain range so wonderful is that it has served as an inspiration for the French artist Paul Cezanne.This Post-Impressionist painter was inspired by this distinct landscape so much that it became the constant subject of his paintings.”可知,圣维克多山成为Paul Cezanne绘画的永恒主题。

3.B　细节理解题。根据最后一段中“But wait a minute:There are certain areas that require obtaining specific permits in advance to explore them,so do your homework first.”可知,当你参观Vermilion Cliffs National Monument时,需要特别注意的是在探索前获得许可。

【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了,你可以随便在一辆名为“Chalkbus”的公共汽车车身上画画,司机不仅不会生气,反而还会鼓励人们创作,他认为这样有利于人们之间的沟通与交流。

4.D　细节理解题。根据第六段中的“When he found someone drawing on the bus,he left them alone to finish before talking with them.(当他发现有人在车上画画时,他让他们独自完成,然后再和他们交谈)”可知,当Sherman看到有人在车上画画时,他的反应是看着他/她画,然后再和他/她交谈。

5.A　词义猜测题。根据上文提到的“很多人在社会上真的没有联系。而很多人默默承受”以及下文的“负担”可知,此处的意思是“这会减轻他们的痛苦/负担”。由此猜测alleviates意为“缓解、减轻”,与A项近义。

6.B　主旨大意题。第一段讲“Jonathan Sherman的大众公共汽车不管停在哪里,两边都有新的艺术装饰”,第二段讲“Jonathan Sherman每周为American Fork的业余艺术家们创作一幅新的画布”,第三段讲“Jonathan Sherman的‘Chalkbus’大众巴士激发了大学生们创造了一部迷你纪录片”,第四段讲“Jonathan Sherman的‘Chalkbus’计划”,第五、六段讲“‘Chalkbus’激励人们在巴士上画画”,第七、八段讲“通过‘Chalkbus’人们彼此联系,使那些和社会脱节的人们又结交了朋友”。由此可知,文章主要讲“‘Chalkbus’鼓励人们创作,让人们彼此建立联系”,B项“Chalkbus”鼓励绘画和联系性符合文意。

7.D　推理判断题。根据第三段“The story behind what has become known as the ‘Chalkbus’ even inspired a mini documentary by college students,the Daily Herald reports.(据英国《每日先驱报》报道,这辆被称为‘Chalkbus’的汽车背后的故事甚至激发大学生们创作了一部迷你纪录片)”可知,本文是来自《每日先驱报》的一篇新闻报道。

Ⅴ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是音乐对身体的好处。

1.F　根据下文的“The mental health benefits from music can’t be argued.(音乐对心理健康的益处是毋庸置疑的)”可知,F选项符合语境。其中的“stress and anxiety”照应了下文的“mental health benefits”。

2.B　下文提到“However,for the same reason,music can be very beneficial if one is in pain(然而,出于同样的原因,当一个人处于痛苦中时,音乐是非常有益的)”。根据“However”可知,空格处应该是对音乐的负面评价。B项“Some experts say that music can be harmful if it is too loud.”中的“harmful”就是负面评价。

3.D　根据上文的“Many people enjoy relaxing music in the evening prior to going to bed.(许多人喜欢在晚上睡觉前听些轻松的音乐)”可知,D项可承接上文。其中的“They”指代“Many people”,而且“sleep”和“going to bed”为同义词语复现。

4.G　根据上文的“In one European study,participants listened to music as the researchers monitored their heart rates and blood pressure.(在欧洲的一项研究中,参与者听音乐,研究人员监测他们的心率和血压)”可知,G项“Interestingly,the more cheerful the music was,the faster their heart rates were”是实验的结果。其中的“heart rates”为同义词复现。

5.E　根据下文的“But there is a whole range of other health issues that turning up the radio could be beneficial for,which is what makes music so valuable.(但是,开着收音机还可以对一系列其他的健康问题有益,这就是音乐如此有价值的原因)”可知,本段讲的是音乐对身体总的好处,E项“The implications of music on overall well-being are really impressive.(音乐对整体幸福感的影响确实令人印象深刻)”可作为本段的主题句。