人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement课时作业

这是一份人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement课时作业

姓名： 班级 Unit 1 People of Achievement1.2 Discovering Useful Structures一、基础巩固I．单词拼写1．There is no doubt that Einstein is a ________(天才) who developed the ________(理论) of relativity. 2．Li Hua began devoting all the time to his study. ________(逐渐地), he becomes an ________(非凡的) student. 3．When the official ________(上台执政), he ________(拿起) the weapon of law to ________(结算) all the wrongdoings of some bad guys. 4．It is certain that everybody would ________(去世) in time, but the method of dying is ________(不同的), some of which are ________(非凡的) and can be praised throughout the world. So we ought to make an extraordinary arrangement when we are healthy and have opportunity to ________(花费； 占用) time to develop ourselves. 5.This year has seen a number of ________(remark) business stories we’ve ever ___(遇到) in China, including some masters such as Alibaba and Huawei. ．【答案】1.genius; theory 2.Gradually; extraordinary; consequence 3.came into power; took up; sum up4.pass away; distinct; remarkable; take up 5.remarkable； encounteredII.单句语法填空1．We have launched another man-made satellite, ________ is announced in today’s newspaper.2．Ellen was a painter of birds and of nature, ____，for some reason, had withdrawn from all human society.3．There is no simple answer, ____ is often the case in science.4．The famous actor, Guo Donglin, ________name was known, became a little depressed recently. 5．I didn’t become a serious climber until the fifth grade, ________ I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.6．Just _____________ a famous saying goes, every coin has two sides.7．The owner paid the worker for cleaning the whole building, most of ____ hadn’t been cleaned for at least one month.8．Her father works in a factory, _____________ he makes cars.9．The old lady has two daughters, one of __________ is working abroad.10．This is one of the reasons ___________ you have to give it up.【答案】which 2.who 3.as 4. whose 5. when 6.as 7.which 8.where 9.whom 10.why III.短语填空1．It is worthwhile to ________ the experience and characteristics of Macao in faithfully implementing “one country, two systems”．2．As a child, did you experience the dream scene which made your hair ______________ at midnight? 3．_________ the consciousness, three days ago, a series of anti-terrorist posters caused widespread alarm across Indonesia and Turkey.4．That Hitler _______________ was really a disaster to the world.5.Can you figure out the average living space that a person can _____________ in this city?6．It seems ______________ the difficulty will be over soon.7．Can you __________ the average living space that a person can take ________ in this city? 8.___________________would we give up protecting the environment.9.______________, parents have to change some of their belief about how children should be raised.10. I would advise people to think very carefully about ________themselves _____ working Sundays. 【答案】1.sum up 2. stand on end 3.As a consequence of 4.came to power 5.take up6.as though 7.figure out 8.under no circumstances 9.In conclusion 10.committing...to IV.句型转换1．It is known to us that Taiwan is part of China.→__As is known to us__，Taiwan is part of China.2．This is the room which/that my grandmother used to live in.→This is the room __where my grandmother used to live__.3．China has hundreds of islands, of which Taiwan is the largest.→China has hundreds of islands, __the largest of which__ is Taiwan.4．Our village is no longer what it was 30 years ago.→Our village is no longer __the village that it was__ 30 years ago.5．The old man has two daughters, and both of them work as doctors.→The old man has two daughters, __both of whom__ work as doctors.V.完成句子1．They all agreed to this, and ________________.他们全都同意了这个主意， 于是历险就这样开始了。【答案】that was how their adventures began2．________________ she ought to make a new plan. 她突然想起她应当拟一个新计划。【答案】It struck her that3．There lives an old man near the school, __________________________________.学校附近住着一位老人， 他的儿子在国外工作。【答案】whose son is working abroad4．During traveling, one can meet various people, ______________________________.在旅游期间， 旅游者可以见到形形色色的人， 和他们结交新朋友。【答案】with whom they can make new friends5．Some students are very busy, ________________.有些学生太忙了， 没时间阅读。【答案】who don't have time to do reading二、拓展提升 = 1 \* ROMAN I.阅读理解AIn 1812,the year Charles Dickens was born, there were 66 novels published in Britain. People had been writing novels for a century—most experts date the first novel to Robinson Crusoe in 1719—but nobody wanted to do it professionally. The steam-powered printing press was still in its early stages; the literacy(识字) rate in England was under 50%.Many works of fiction appeared without the names of the authors, often with something like “By a lady”.Novels, for the most part, were looked upon as silly, immoral, or just plain bad.In 1870, when Dickens died, the world mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher, famous and beloved, who had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their readership and whose characters—from Oliver Twist to Tiny Tim—were held up as moral touch-stones. Today Dickens’ greatness is unchallenged. Removing him from the pantheon(名人堂) of English literature would make about as much sense as the Louvre selling off the Mona Lisa.How did Dickens get to the top? For all the feelings readers attach to stories, literature is a numbers game, and the test of time is extremely difficult to pass. Some 60,000 novels were published during the Victorian age, from 1837 to 1901; today a casual reader might be able to name a half-dozen of them. It’s partly true that Dickens’ style of writing attracted audiences from all walks of life. It’s partly that his writings rode a wave of social, political and scientific progress. But it’s also that he rewrote the culture of literature and put himself at the centre. No one will ever know what mix of talent, ambition, energy and luck made Dickens such a distinguished writer. But as the 209th anniversary of his birth approaches, it is possible—and important for our own culture—to understand how he made himself a lasting one.1. Which of the following best describes British novels in the 18th century?A. They were difficult to understand.B. They were popular among the rich.C. They were seen as nearly worthless.D. They were written mostly by women.2. Dickens is compared with the Mona Lisa in the text to stress _______.A. his reputation in FranceB. his interest in modern artC. his success in publicationD. his importance in literature3. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?A. To remember a great writer.B. To introduce an English novel.C. To encourage studies on culture.D. To promote values of the Victorian age.答案：CDA1.C【解析】: 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Novels, for the most part, were looked upon as silly, immoral, or just plain bad.”可知,在大多数情况下,18世纪的英国小说被看不起,被认为是愚蠢的、邪恶的、坏透了的。 与C选项中的worthless基本一致,故选C。2.:D【解析】:细节理解题。根据第二段中“Today Dickens’ greatness is unchallenged.”可知,文章把狄更斯与《蒙娜丽莎》比较,是利用《蒙娜丽莎》在艺术界的地位来类比狄更斯在文学界的地位。3.:A【解析】:写作意图题。根据最后一段中“No one will ever know what mix of talent, ... how he made himself a lasting one.”可知,本文是为了纪念狄更斯这位伟大的作家。 BWhile visiting the North Pole in winter may not be at the top of your bucket_list,_the ever­changing ICEHOTEL may change your mind. Lying 200 km north of the Arctic Circle in the Swedish village of Jukkasjarvi, the hotel, which is carved entirely from ice, is rebuilt annually.The 35 rooms, built to accommodate visitors on all kinds of budgets, vary from expensive suites to basic rooms that are furnished with just an icy bed and a reindeer skin. Among the highlights this year is the “Spruce Woods” suite. Sculpted by Christopher Pascoe and Jennie O'Keefe of Canada, it describes a camping scene complete with a classic microbus, a forest, and even an artificial campfire.There is also the artfully­carved “Living Ocean” suite to remind visitors of the importance of saving our oceans. The room is full of carved sea life that includes coral and a shark “swimming” right over the ice bed. “The suite is inspired by global warming and the overfishing that affects our oceans，” says artist Jonathan Paul Green. “I also think the idea of using frozen water from a river in northern Sweden to create an ocean with shells, fish, and coral is exciting.”The nearby “Haven” suite is a “magical gate of ice” guarded by two large animals. “We are inspired by the meeting between people and want to create an experience that stimulates curiosity and creativity，” says artist Jonas Johansson. “It feels like a dream to get to work with ice that allows our love for light, shine, and reflection to wander freely from thought to creation.”Regardless of whether visitors select the carved suites or the basic ice rooms, the temperature is always set to a bone­chilling －5℃！ That is why guests are advised to snuggle (蜷伏) up inside sleeping bags and wear gloves and winter hats all night. Not surprisingly, most end up spending just a single night at this unique hotel before moving on to the conventional and warmer hotels nearby.4．What does the underlined phrase “bucket list” mean in the text?A．A shopping list of buckets.B．A list of traveling destinations.C．A list of expensive hotels.D．A list of exciting ideas.5．What can we know about the icehotel?A．It is rebuilt every year.B．Its rooms are expensive.C．It organises camping activities.D．It lies in a coastal city.6．Where does the inspiration of “Living Ocean” suite come from?A．Art and literature.B．Ocean life and voyages.C．Climate change and human influence.D．The meeting of people.7．Which of the following is the best title for the text?A．An Adventure to the North PoleB．An Experience Close to NatureC．A Taste of Cold: A Night in a VillageD．A Winter Destination: Sweden's Icehotel答案：BACD【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文，介绍了北极圈的一家用冰建成的旅馆。1．答案与解析：B　词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“While visiting the North Pole in winter may not be at the top of your bucket_list,_the ever­changing ICEHOTEL may change your mind.”虽然冬天去北极旅游可能不是你的首选，但这不断变化的冰旅馆可能会改变你的想法。由该句中的“visiting the North Pole”和“the ever­changing ICEHOTEL”，并结合语境可推知，画线词意为“旅游目的地的列表”，故选B。2．答案与解析：A　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Lying 200 km north of the Arctic Circle in the Swedish village of Jukkasjarvi, the hotel, which is carved entirely from ice, is rebuilt annually.”可知，这家完全由冰建成的旅馆每年都会重建，故选A。3．答案与解析：C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The suite is inspired by global warming and the overfishing that affects our oceans”可知，这间套房的灵感来自全球变暖和影响海洋的过度捕捞，故选C。4．答案与解析：D　主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Lying 200 km north of the Arctic Circle in the Swedish village of Jukkasjarvi, the hotel, which is carved entirely from ice, is rebuilt annually.”可知，本文主要介绍了冬季旅游的好去处——瑞典冰旅馆，故选D。 = 2 \* ROMAN II.完形填空Last weekend I took a bus to New York City. As I took the window seat and wore headphones over ears, I almost didn't __1__ an elderly man sitting beside me. The elderly man asked me a simple question __2__ the bus' WiFi connection, which turned into a two­hour __3__.We talked a lot about my dreams, my fears and my life. I __4__ more with this stranger on the bus than I have with any friend or family member in months. Maybe it is because I am __5__ to let anyone I know close to me. I was __6__ that the stranger was not only deeply interested in getting to know me, but also just willing to __7__ me to my greatest abilities. Instead of politely __8__ his head when I mentioned my major, he told me that my strong liking seemed to be psychology, but not the one I was studying and that he fully understood my __9__ for the failure.This elderly man made me __10__ the plans that I had made for my life. He helped me realize that my carefully __11__ plan for the next five years of my life wasn't all that good, but actually complex and filled with __12__. Most of all, he helped me __13__ the complex rather than stay away from it because of my fear for the unknown.A few days later, he emailed me, saying, “I think you're __14__ for great things whatever you decide to do.” The email, filled with words of encouragement made me realize that life is sometimes __15__ but it is going to be okay.1．A.check　　 B．noticeC．excuse　　 D．believe2．A.through　　 B．withC．during　　 D．about3．A.introduction　　 B．explanationC．conversation　　 D．competition4．A.searched　　 B．sharedC．demanded　　 D．reviewed5．A.sorry　　 B．curiousC．anxious　　 D．afraid6．A.puzzled　　 B．worriedC．amazed　　 D．disappointed7．A.push　　 B．inviteC．treat　　 D．admit8．A.raising　　 B．droppingC．turning　　 D．nodding9．A.regret　　 B．changeC．fear　　 D．desire10．A.prepare　　 B．developC．consult　　 D．question11．A.replaced　　 B．organizedC．discussed　　 D．predicted12．A.uncertainty　　 B．dangerC．responsibility　　 D．conflict13．A.spot　　 B．ignoreC．seize　　 D．accept14．A.leaving　　 B．headingC．watching　　 D．caring15．A.genuine　　 B．normalC．painful　　 D．serious【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。一个坐在“我”旁边的老人与“我”短短两个半小时的聊天，却影响了作者的梦想和人生。故事告诉我们：生活也许会有痛苦和恐惧，但一切都会好起来的，也许一个陌生人也能成为你的贵人。1．B　根据“wore headphones over ears”可知，因为戴着耳机，所以没有注意到那个老人。2．D　老人问的问题是有关公共汽车的WiFi连接的。3．C　根据下一句“We talked a lot about…”可知，作者和老人交谈了两个小时。4．B　根据 “We talked a lot about my dreams, my fears and my life.”可知，在谈话中，作者和老人分享了与自己的梦想、恐惧和生活有关的话题。短语share sth. with sb.“与某人分享……”。5．D　根据上文可知，作者在公共汽车上和这个陌生人分享的东西比几个月来作者和任何朋友或家人分享的都多，作者可能是害怕让身边熟知的人知道自己内心的想法。6．C　按常理，一个陌生人对作者的事情感兴趣，而且还鼓励作者，这让作者很惊讶。7．A　那个陌生人告诉作者他最喜欢的似乎是心理学，而不是他正在学习的专业。由此可以推知，那个陌生人的话让作者思考自己的专业问题，从而推动作者发挥他自己最大的能力。8．D　根据“politely”和“his head”可知，那个陌生人不是出于礼貌地点头。9．C　根据下文“because of my fear for the unknown”可知，作者对未知的事情感到害怕，可知是害怕失败。10．D　根据下一句“He helped me realize that my carefully __11__ plan for the next five years of my life wasn't all that good…”可知，那个陌生人的话让作者质疑自己对未来的五年生活的规划，觉得不是那么好。11．B　根据上一句“…the plans that I had made for my life”可知，作者对未来的人生做了精心的、有组织的规划。12．A　根据下文“my fear for the unknown”中的“the unknown”可知，作者认为未来有很多不可知性，有不确定性。13．D　根据后面的“rather than stay away from it”可知，rather than表示语义转折，accept与stay away from语义相反。14．B　根据后面的“great things”可知，作者是在向伟大的目标前进。15．C　根据“but it is going to be okay”可知，but表示前后两句话之间的语义转折，“生活有时是痛苦的”与“it is going to be okay”语义相反。Ⅲ.语法填空I came across an interesting story when I visited my cousin in Henan Province, China. My cousin grew up with a girl 1.________(call) Li Shichun next door. The “chun” part of Li Shichun stands for spring. That is when she was born. But that is not all. She is also named 2.________ a Sui Dynasty engineer, Li Chun. Her father considered Li Chun 3.________(admire) because he built bridges people can really count on. But her mother wouldn't like her daughter 4.________(have) that name because she thought that sounded much like a boy's name. She was worried that her daughter would have to put up with too much teasing with 5.________ boy's name. So they figured out a way to change it. They 6.________(add) “Shi” from her grandmother's name. Well, that was lucky because she looked like her grandmother anyway, and she was proud to be given that name. She studied hard at her lessons and got good grades in all her subjects. Li Shichun 7.________(final) went to university 8.________ she studied medicine. However, she felt that she didn't like it so she changed her major. She, together with her classmates, 9.________(be) determined to become an engineer and contribute to society! Later, she became famous when she invented a new way of holding up suspension (悬架) 10.________(bridge) during the building process.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了一个女孩的名字的由来。这个女孩从小努力学习，后来成为一位著名的工程师。1．called　考查过去分词。空处在句中作定语，此处表示“一个名叫……的女孩”，因call与girl之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，因此填called。2．after　考查介词。此处表示“以一个隋朝工程师的名字给她取名”，故用be named after，因此填介词after。3．admirable　考查词性转化。女孩的父亲觉得隋朝工程师李春令人钦佩，因此这里填形容词admirable作宾补，表示“令人钦佩的”。4．to have　考查不定式。would like sb. to do sth. 意为“想让某人做某事”，故填to have。5．a　考查冠词。此处表示“一个男孩的名字”，且boy's 的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。6．added　考查时态。由全文时态可知，本空应用一般过去时。7．finally　考查词性转化。空处作状语，意为“最后”，故填finally。8．where　考查关系副词。空处引导定语从句，且在从句中作地点状语，故填where。9．was　考查主谓一致和时态。together with连接两个并列的成分作主语时，谓语动词的数要与其前的主语保持一致，故谓语动词用单数形式；此处叙述过去发生的动作，因此用一般过去时。故填was。10．bridges　考查名词复数。本空表示泛指，且bridge 为可数名词，因此填名词的复数形式。 IV.书面表达假定你是高中生李华，你所在的班级将要举办一次主题为“What Can We Do for Our Community?”的英语演讲比赛。 请写一篇英语演讲稿，要求从以下四方面中任选几个方面进行阐述。1. 关心、帮助他人; 2. 保护、美化环境; 3. 受护社区设施; 4. 营造良好的人居氛围。注意： 1. 不要出现学校校名和本人真实姓名，2. 词数：100左右;3. 开头和结尾已经写好，且不记入词数。What Can We Do for Our Community?Hello, everyone. It’s nice to speak about what we can do for our community, and I think each of us can do something. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thank you for listening!参考范文：What Can We Do for Our Community?Hello, everyone. It’s nice to speak about what we can do for our community, and I think each of us can do something. The first thing we can do is to make our community a more harmonious one. Every one of us should show respect and kindness to others, always ready to give a helping hand. We can also form a good habit of putting the rubbish in the trashcan. The second thing we can do is to protect the facilities in our community. When we woke out, we should never forget to use the gym equipment correctly and gently. We should also cherish every tree and every blade of grass in the community while taking a walk. If everyone does one thing for our community, I believe we will turn it into a better place to live in. Thank you for listening!under no circumstances, figure out, in conclusion，sum up, come to power, as though,take up, as a consequence of, stand on end,