北师大2019选修四Unit 11 Unit 11 Section A　TOPIC TALK & LESSON 1练习

Section A　TOPIC TALK & LESSON 1

课后篇巩固提升

必备知识基础练

Ⅰ.单句填空

1.He brought a 　　　　　(complain) against his former manager. 

答案complaint

2.Her heart beat 　　　　　(violence) when she received the letter. 

答案violently

3.She made a 　　　　　(resolve) not to see Anne any more. 

答案resolution

4.We will go back 　　　　　normal when things calm down. 

答案to

5.These plants have a tendency 　　　　　　　(grow) in the more rural areas. 

答案to grow

6.He admitted hitting the young man over 　　　　　head with the vase. 

答案the

7.All visitors must sign the book on arrival and again on　　　　　 (depart). 

答案departure

8.There is considerable room for　　　　　 (negotiate) on some of the details. 

答案negotiation

Ⅱ.短语填空

be exposed to,in a flash,a large crowd of,be prejudiced against,in trouble,a chorus of,end up,get rid of,blow out,have a bad influence on

1.He　　　　　　　　　 three candles with a single puff. 

答案blew out

2.The proposal was greeted with 　　　　　　approval. 

答案a chorus of

3.Her marriage is 　　　　　　　and she is desperately unhappy. 

答案in trouble

4.Some people think that watching TV 　　　　　　　　　　　　teenagers. 

答案has a bad influence on

5.She started as a secretary but 　　　　　　　running the department. 

答案ended up

6.As long as you try,any difficulty can 　　　　　　　　　　successfully. 

答案be got rid of

7.As a news reporter in the war,she 　　　　　　　　　　many dangers last year. 

答案was exposed to

8.Teachers should never 　　　　　　　　　any of their students. 

答案be prejudiced against

9.Six months have passed 　　　　　　　since we parted in Beijing. 

答案in a flash

10.　　　　　　　　　　 reporters collected outside the prime minister’s house. 

答案A large crowd of

Ⅲ.完成句子

1.家长对孩子的成长有着重要的影响。

Parents 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　the growth of their children. 

答案have an important influence on

2.他们正在看电视剧,这时突然停电了。

They　　　　　 　　　　　a TV play 　　　　　there was a power cut. 

答案were watching;when

3.如果没有水和空气,地球上就不会有生物。

If there 　　　　　no air or water,there　　　　　 　　　　　no living things on the earth. 

答案were;would be

4.直到那时我才注意到那个男孩什么也看不见。

It was 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　I noticed the boy could see nothing. 

答案not until then that

5.我发现住在乡下是一种很有趣的经历。

I find that　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　is an interesting experience. 

答案living in the countryside

关键能力提升练

Ⅳ.阅读理解

A

I live in New York City,and my neighbours are people I don’t know.My city,neighbourhood and block are filled with people who don’t know me,don’t care to know me,and don’t talk to me.I find that it’s pretty hard to love people you don’t even know.And sometimes,we all,myself included,use that as an excuse not to try.I read Brendan’s story recently and was moved.

One day,Brendan,a young man in New York,was on the way back to his Brooklyn apartment when a homeless woman called Jackie asked him for money.He said that he had no money.By the end of the week,she asked two more times,and each time he answered “no”.The woman looked sad,so Brendan said,“I am on my way to a job interview.If I get the job,I will take you out for Chinese food.”

Brendan got the job.He took Jackie out for lunch.That was when their friendship began.They built a strong friendship by supporting each other and spending their birthdays,holidays and difficult times together,over a period of eight years.When Brendan’s heater broke,Jackie made a blanket for him.Two days later when he told her that he had lost his job,she left and returned minutes later,bringing him food to eat.She continued to do that during the whole winter.Even with so little,she often gave back.

Over these years,Jackie moved from the streets and subway stations into a halfway house,and is now moving into an apartment.To celebrate it,Brendan wanted to do something special for Jackie.He went with her to Target,and helped her to pick out everything she would need for her new apartment.

May Brendan’s story encourage us to find a new way to honor,serve and love the people around us.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者住在纽约,几乎从来不跟他的邻居说话。当他读过Brendan 和 Jackie相互帮助并建立起了深厚友谊的故事后,深受触动。

1.What can we learn about the author from Paragraph 1?

A.He often stays indoors.

B.He cares about his neighbours.

C.He is good at making friends.

D.He hardly talks to his neighbours.

答案D

解析推理判断题。根据第一段的“I live in New York City,and my...and don’t talk to me.”可推断,作者几乎从来不跟他的邻居说话。

2.What did Brendan do when Jackie asked him for money?

A.He was angry with her.

B.He didn’t give her any.

C.He offered her some food.

D.He gave her some spare change.

答案B

解析细节理解题。根据第二段的“He said that he had no money...he answered ‘no’.”可知,Brendan 并没有给Jackie钱。

3.After Brendan and Jackie had lunch together,they 　　　. 

A.developed a new friendship

B.helped each other find work

C.fell in love with each other

D.discovered they were classmates

答案A

解析细节理解题。根据第三段的“Brendan got the job.He took Jackie out for lunch.That was when their friendship began.”可知,他们之间建立起了一份新的友谊。

4.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 4 refer to?

A.Jackie’s finding work at Target.

B.Jackie’s moving from the streets.

C.Jackie’s moving into an apartment.

D.Jackie’s moving into a halfway house.

答案C

解析代词指代题。根据画线词前面的“...is now moving into an apartment.”可推断,“it”指代的是搬进公寓一事。

B

We can make mistakes at any age.Some mistakes we make are about money,but most mistakes are about people.“Did Jerry really care when I broke up with Helen?” “When I got that great job,did Jim really feel good about it,as a friend?Or did he envy my luck?” When we look back,doubts like these can make us feel bad.But when we look back,it’s too late.

Why did we go wrong about our friends or our enemies?Sometimes what people say hides their real meaning.And if we don’t really listen,we will miss the feeling behind the words.Suppose someone tells you,“You’re a lucky dog.” Is he really on your side?If he says,“You’re a lucky guy” or “You’re a lucky gal”,that’s being friendly.But “lucky dog”?There’s a bit of envy in those words.Maybe he doesn’t see it himself.But bringing in the “dog” puts you down a little.What he may be saying is that he doesn’t think you deserve your luck.

“Just think of all the things you have to be thankful for” is another noise that says one thing and means another.It could mean that the speaker is trying to get you to see your problem as part of your life as a whole.But is he?Being wrapped(包裹) up in this expression is the thought that your problem isn’t important.It’s telling you to think of all the starving people in the world when you haven’t got a date for Saturday night.

How can you tell the real meaning behind someone’s words?One way is to take a good look at the person talking.Do his words fit the way he looks?Does what he says consist with the tone of voice?His posture?The look in his eyes?Stop and think.The minute you spend thinking about the real meaning of what people say to you may save another mistake.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。本文通过举例子来说明如何理解别人对我们说的话,避免误解别人的意思。

5.When recalling things that have happened between our friends and us,we may 　　　. 

A.feel good to have friends standing by us

B.think it was a mistake to view some people as friends

C.misread some of our friends’ true feelings

D.keep looking back to find mistakes we’ve made

答案C

解析推理判断题。根据第一段中的“When we look back,doubts like these can make us feel bad.But when we look back,it’s too late.”可知,我们回忆起和朋友的交谈时,会发现误解了朋友,但是等我们知道时,已经太晚了。

6.By saying “You’re a lucky dog”,the speaker 　　　. 

A.is just being friendly

B.expresses the same meaning as “You’re a lucky guy”

C.may have a hidden envious feeling

D.intends to put the listener down

答案C

解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But ‘lucky dog’?There’s a bit of envy in those words.”可知,这句话的背后可能会藏着说话者的嫉妒之心。

7.In listening to a person,the important thing is 　　　. 

A.to listen carefully to how he utters his words

B.to observe his tone,his posture,and his clothes

C.to stop for a while and decide whether to believe him

D.to check his words against his manner,tone and posture

答案D

解析细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“One way is to take a good look at the person talking.Do his words fit the way he looks?Does what he says consist with the tone of voice?His posture?The look in his eyes?”可知,D项为正确答案。

8.This passage tries to tell you how to 　　　. 

A.avoid mistakes in understanding what people tell you

B.say things appropriately to avoid mistakes

C.keep people always faithful to you

D.avoid regretting about making mistakes

答案A

解析主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章主要是通过举例子来说明如何理解别人对我们说的话,避免误解别人的意思。

Ⅴ.七选五

Giving advice is not one of the easiest tasks.You can be put under a lot of pressure especially if you generally give bad advice.With these tips,you’ll be a professor at giving good advice!

　1　 Every situation is unique,so never assume (以为) you know all you need to know about a problem.Listen carefully to the person who wants advice,and learn as much as possible about this situation. 

Put yourself in the advisee’s shoes.　2　 If you’ve been in a similar situation,think about what you learned,but don’t rely solely on your experiences to give advice—imagine that you are giving yourself advice for the unique circumstances (情况) that the other person is facing. 

　3　 If you can have a few hours to think about the problem and possible solutions,take that time to really think about every possible solution.You could even take the opportunity to ask someone who’s more knowledgeable for advice. 

Think about the results of taking your advice and not taking your advice.If there’s no obvious difference between the results,your advice might not be bad,but it’s not useful either.　4　 

Be honest.If your advised course of action has possible problems,tell the person about them.　5　 Your goal should not be to blindly lead the person,but rather to help him or her make a good decision,so don’t act like a salesman. 

A.Listen to the person asking you for advice.

B.Take time to think about the issue if you can.

C.Try to imagine yourself in the other person’s situation.

D.Understand that the person may not take you advice.

E.If your advice leads to a worse result,your advice probably is bad.

F.You can never be sure that your advice is really the best for them.

G.Be honest about this fact if you don’t really feel knowledgeable enough about the problem.

答案与解析

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。给别人提一些好的意见并不是一件容易的事情,那么怎样才能做到这一点呢?文章就此给出了一些建议。

1.A　根据下文“Listen carefully to the person who wants advice,and learn as much as possible about this situation.”可知,要认真听听向你寻求意见的人的话。

2.C　根据空前的“Put yourself in the advisee’s shoes.”可知,要试着想象一下你处在别人的位置上是什么样。

3.B　根据空后的“If you can have a few hours to think about the problem and possible solutions,take that time to really think about every possible solution.”可知,如果可能的话,花点时间想想这件事情。

4.E　根据空前的“If there’s no obvious difference between the results,your advice might not be bad,but it’s not useful either.”可知,如果你的意见会导致不好的结果,那么这个意见就不好。

5.G　根据上文中的“Be honest.”可知,如果你对这种事情了解得不多,请说真话。