北师大版高中英语选择性必修第四册UNIT11SectionⅢReading&Writing课件+学案+作业含答案

课时分层作业(六)

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

“Can we go now，Momma？” little Susie asked，pulling on her mom's arm.Her mother did not answer，only stared blankly at the scene below.Crowds of people marched about with what looked like picket(警戒队) signs.Other people gathered around them，shouting angry words that she couldn't make out from this distance.This relatively small town in Missouri had never seen so much action.She and Susie were standing at the top of the only high rise building in town for Susie loved to try to find their house among the rows and rows of little boxes.

“Momma？” Susie said in a frightened voice，two seconds before a gun shot went off，making her scream at the top of her lungs.Her mom grabbed her and held her over her shoulder as the tears started pouring.“What was that？I'm scared，Momma！”

“Sh Sh Sh，” her momma whispered in a soothing tone，rubbing her daughter's hair.“It's just a bad dream，baby.” She said both to herself and Susie.

Susie looked at her with confused eyes at the same time a fight broke out among some members of each group.The little girl gasped in surprise.“Why are those ants fighting，Momma？”

“Those aren't ants，sweetie；they're people，or，at least they're supposed to be.”

“I don't understand what's going on! I'm scared！” the four­year­old child clung to her momma.“It looks like they're dancing，momma.”

“Yeah，it sort of does，doesn't it？” her mother said with an air of disbelief.How could the expression of heated anger be so beautiful？It was so wondrously unexpected that it brought soft tears to her eyes.

“Why are you scared，Momma？It's just bugs dancing，” Susie said with an innocent smile，wiping away her mother's tears.

【语篇解读】　作者在本文中告诫大家要尽量避免战争，热爱和平。

1．What could be happening below the tall building?

A．A large number of bugs have gathered dancing.

B．There was a fighting between different groups of people.

C．A group of ants were fighting out there.

D．A crowd of people were giving performances.

B　[推理判断题。根据第一段中的Crowds of people marched about with what looked like picket signs.Other people gathered around them，shouting angry words that she couldn't make out from this distance.可知，有一个不同群体的人之间的战斗。故选B项。]

2．Why did Susie and her mum come to the top of the high building?

A．Because they could see beautiful sights there.

B．Because there were plenty of boxes for Susie to choose.

C．Because Susie liked to pick out their own house among other houses.

D．Because Susie loved to watch people gathering below the building.

C　[细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句She and Susie were standing at the top of the only high rise building in town for Susie loved to try to find their house among the rows and rows of little boxes.可知，她和Susie喜欢在成排的房子中找到自己的家。故选C项。]

3．We can infer from the passage that         ．

A．Susie's mum cried because of scare

B．Susie's mum always liked lying to Susie

C．Susie really believed there were bugs down there

D．Susie had a poor sight so that she couldn't see things clearly

C　[推理判断题。根据最后一段“Why are you scared，Momma？It's just bugs dancing，”可知，Susie真的以为下面有虫子。故选C项。]

4．The purpose of the passage is to tell us         ．

A．as humans，we should love peace and avoid fighting as much as we can

B．a little girl is easy to make misjudgments on common things

C．it's hard for a mother to explain to a small child why people fight sometimes

D．a fighting may have lasting harmful effect on a small child

A　[写作意图题。通过全文Susie和她妈妈从楼上看到的下面发生的事情，“不同的群体在打架”，告诉人们应该热爱和平，避免战争。故选A项。]

B

When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife.Native Americans had taken care of these precious natural resources wisely.Unfortunately, it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources.Millions of waterfowl(水禽) were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious sportsmen.Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever­increasing populations, greatly reducing waterfowl habitat(栖息地)．

In 1934, with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act (Act), an increasingly concerned nation took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory(迁徙的) waterfowl and the wetlands so vital to their survival.Under this Act, all waterfowl hunters 16 years of age and over must annually purchase and carry a Federal Duck Stamp.The very first Federal Duck Stamp was designed by J．N.“Ding” Darling, a political cartoonist from Des Moines, Iowa, who at that time was appointed by President Franklin Roosevelt as Director of the Bureau of Biological Survey.Hunters willingly pay the stamp price to ensure the survival of our natural resources.

About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly into the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund to purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat for inclusion into the National Wildlife Refuge System—a fact that ensures this land will be protected and available for all generations to come.Since 1934, better than half a billion dollars has gone into that Fund to purchase more than 5 million acres of habitat.Little wonder the Federal Duck Stamp Program has been called one of the most successful conservation programs ever initiated.

【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了美国的联邦鸭票计划的由来和它的意义。该计划启动于1934年，其收入用来保护美国数百万英亩沼泽湿地中的水禽，并要求所有年满16岁的水禽狩猎者必须购买美国鸭票。

5．What was a cause of the waterfowl population decline in North America?

A．Loss of wetlands.

B．Popularity of water sports.

C．Pollution of rivers.

D．Arrival of other wild animals.

A　[细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed  and house the  ever­increasing populations，greatly reducing waterfowl habitat.”可知，数百万英亩的湿地的流失导致了水禽数量不断减少。故选A项。]

6．What does the underlined word “decimate” mean in the first paragraph?

A．Acquire.   B．Export.

C．Destroy.   D．Distribute.

C　[词义猜测题。根据画线单词所在句的上文可知，探险家们第一次踏上北美大陆时，北美洲有着多种多样的野生动物。由画线单词所在的句子“Unfortunately，it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources.”可知，此处讲述的是不幸的事情，并与上文存在转折关系。故此处表达的是，这些探险者和定居者只用了几十年的时间就摧毁了这些资源的大部分。分析选项可知，decimate与destroy的含义相近，故选C项。]

7．What is a direct result of the Act passed in 1934?

A．The stamp price has gone down.

B．The migratory birds have flown away.

C．The hunters have stopped hunting.

D．The government has collected money.

D　[推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句中的“About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly into the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund to purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat...”可推知，1934年颁布的法案的直接结果是政府筹集到了保护野生动物的资金。故选D项。]

8．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?

A．The Federal Duck Stamp Story

B．The National Wildlife Refuge System

C．The Benefits of Saving Waterfowl

D．The History of Migratory Bird Hunting

A　[主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了美国联邦的鸭票计划的由来和它的意义。所以本文是围绕The Federal Duck Stamp来展开文章内容的，故最佳标题应为A项The Federal Duck Stamp Story(联邦鸭票的故事)。]

Ⅱ.读后续写

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

A little boy and his grandmother came to see Santa at Mayfair Mall in Wisconsin.The child climbed up on Santa Claus's lap holding a picture of a little girl.

“Who is this？”asked Santa，smiling.“Your friend？Your sister？”

“Yes，Santa，”he replied.

“My sister，Sarah，who is very sick，”the boy said sadly.

Santa glanced over at the grandmother who was waiting nearby and saw her wiping her eyes with a tissue.

“She wanted to come with me to see you very much，Santa！”the child shouted.

“She misses you，”he added softly.

Santa tried to cheer the boy up，asking him what he wanted Santa to bring him for Christmas.

When they finished their talk，the grandmother came over to help the child get off his lap，and started to say something to Santa，but halted (停顿)．

“What is it？”Santa asked warmly.

“Well，I know it's really too much to ask you，Santa，but...”The girl in the photograph is my granddaughter.You see...she has leukemia(白血病)and isn't expected to make it even through the holidays，”she said through tear­filled eyes.

“Is there any way，Santa，any possible way that you could come to see Sarah？”

All she's asked for，for Christmas，is to see Santa.

Santa blinked，swallowed hard and told to the woman to leave information with his elves(小精灵)as to where Sarah was，saying he would see what he could do.Santa thought of nothing else for the rest of that afternoon.“What if it were my child lying in that hospital bed，dying？”he thought with a sinking heart.

注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；

2．请按如下格式作答。

Santa knew what he had to do.                                                                       

One year later at Mayfair Mall，a little girl came up to sit on Santa's lap and said，“Hi，Santa! Remember me？”                                                                       

【参考范文】

Santa knew what he had to do.He drove to the hospital and found out which room Sarah was in.Taking a deep breath，and forcing a smile on his face，he entered the room，saying “Ho，ho，ho! Santa！”Screamed Sarah weakly.Santa rushed to give her a warm hug and a Christmas gift.“Now，Sarah，”Santa said，“you have job to do，and that is to get well.I expect to see you at Mayfair Mall this time next year！”“Yes，Santa！”Sarah shouted，her eyes bright.Santa kissed her on the forehead and left.

One year later at Mayfair Mall，a little girl came up to sit on Santa's lap and said，“Hi，Santa! Remember me？”“Of course！”Santa answered(as he always does)，smiling down at her.“You came to see me in the hospital last year！”Santa's jaw dropped.Tears immediately sprang into his eyes.“Sarah！”he shouted and hugged her tightly.He scarcely recognized her，for her hair was long and her cheeks was rosy—much difference from the girl he had visited a year before.He looked over and saw Sarah's grandmother smiling and wiping her eyes.That was the best Christmas ever for Santa Claus.

【导读】　《雾都孤儿》是英国著名作家狄更斯的第一部社会批判写实小说。该作品以雾都伦敦为背景，讲述了一个孤儿悲惨的身世及遭遇。阅读下面选取的有关奥利弗童年生活的节选，对比自己的童年生活与奥利弗的童年生活的异同。

Oliver Twist (excerpt)

Oliver's early life

Oliver Twist was born in a workhouse，and when he arrived in this hard world，it was very doubtful whether he would live beyond the first three minutes.He lay on a hard little bed and struggled to start breathing.

Oliver fought his first battle without much assistance from the two people present at his birth.One was an old woman，who was nearly always drunk，and the other was a busy local doctor，who was not paid enough to be very interested in Oliver's survival.After all，death was a common event in the workhouse，where only the poor and homeless lived.

However，Oliver managed to draw his first breath，and then announced his arrival to the rest of the workhouse by crying loudly.His mother raised her pale young face from the pillow and whispered，“Let me see the child，and die.”

The doctor turned away from the fire，where he had been warming his hands.“You must not talk about dying yet，” he said to her kindly.He gave her the child to hold.Lovingly，she kissed the baby on its forehead with her cold white lips，then stared wildly around the room，fell back—and died.“Poor dear！” said the nurse，hurriedly putting a green glass bottle back in the pocket of her long skirt.

The doctor began to put on his coat.“The baby is weak and will probably have difficulties，” he said.“If so，give it a little milk to keep it quiet.” Then he looked at the dead woman.“The mother was a good­looking girl.Where did she come from？”

“She was brought here last night，” replied the old woman.“She was found lying in the street.She'd walked some distance，judging by her shoes，which were worn to pieces.Where she came from，where she was going to，or what her name was，nobody knows.”

The doctor lifted the girl's left hand.“The old story，” he said sadly，shaking his head.“No wedding ring，I see.Ah! Good night.”

And so Oliver was left with only the drunken nurse.Without clothes，under his first blanket，he could have been the child of a king or a beggar.But when the woman dressed him later in rough cotton clothes，yellow with age，he looked exactly what he was—an orphan in a workhouse，ready for a life of misery，hunger，and neglect.

Oliver cried loudly.If he could have known that he was a workhouse orphan，perhaps he would have cried even more loudly.

There was no one to look after the baby in the workhouse，so Oliver was sent to a special “baby farm” nearby.There，he and thirty other children rolled around the floor all day，without the inconvenience of too much food or too much clothing.Mrs Mann，the old woman who “looked after” them，was very experienced.She knew what was good for children，and a full stomach was very dangerous to their health.She also knew what was good for herself，so she kept for her own use the money that she was given for the children's food.The board responsible for the orphans sometimes checked on the health of the children，but they always sent the beadle，a kind of local policeman，to announce their visit the day before.So whenever the board arrived，of course，the children were always neat and clean.

This was the way Oliver was brought up.Consequently，at the age of nine he was a pale，thin child and short for his age.But despite frequent beatings by Mrs Mann，his spirit was strong，which was probably the reason why he managed to reach the age of nine at all.

On Oliver's ninth birthday，Mr Bumble the beadle came to the house to see Mrs Mann.Through the front window Mrs Mann saw him at the gate，and turned quickly to the girl who worked with her.

“Quick! Take Oliver and those others upstairs to be washed！” she said.Then she ran out to unlock the gate.(It was always kept locked to prevent official visitors walking in unexpectedly.)

“I have business to talk about，” Mr Bumble told Mrs Mann as he entered the house.He was a big fat man，often bad­tempered，and was full of self­importance.He did not like to be kept waiting at a locked gate.

Mrs Mann took his hat and coat，placed a chair for him，and expressed great concern for his comfort.“You've had a long walk，Mr Bumble” she said，“and you must be thirsty.”She took out a bottle from the cupboard.

“No，thank you，Mrs Mann.Not a drop.” He waved the bottle away.

“Just a little drop，Mr Bumble，with cold water，” said Mrs Mann persuasively.

Mr Bumble coughed.“What is it？” he asked，looking at the bottle with interest.

“Gin.I keep it for the children's medicine drink.”

“You give the children gin，Mrs Mann？” asked Mr Bumble，watching as she mixed his drink.

“Only with medicine，sir.I don't like to see them suffer.”

“You're a good woman，Mrs Mann.” Mr Bumble drank half his glass immediately.“I'll tell the board about you.Now，the reason why I'm here.Oliver Twist is nine years old today.We've never been able to discover anything about his parents.”

“Then how did he get his name？”

“I gave it to him，” said Mr Bumble proudly.“We follow the alphabet.The last one was an S—Swubble.Then it was T，so this one is Twist.The next one will be Unwin.Anyway，Oliver Twist is now old enough to return to the workhouse.Bring him here，please.” While Mrs Mann went to get him，Mr Bumble finished the rest of his gin.

Oliver，his face and hands now almost clean，was led into the room.

“Will you come along with me，Oliver？” asked Mr Bumble in a loud voice.

Oliver was very glad to be free of Mrs Mann's violence，but he said nothing because she was angrily shaking her finger at him.However，as the gate closed behind Oliver，he burst into tears.He was leaving behind the other children，the only friends he had，and he realized at that moment how lonely he was in the world.

Mr Bumble walked on with long steps，with Oliver on his short little legs running beside him.The feeling of contentment produced by gin­and­water had now disappeared，and the beadle was in a bad mood once more.

《雾都孤儿》(节选)

奥利弗的童年

奥利弗·特威斯特出生在一家济贫院里，他来到这个艰难的人世的那一刻，是否能活过三分钟都是很难说的。他躺在一张小硬板床上，挣扎着开始呼吸。

他出生时在场的两个人没有给他什么帮助，这使得奥利弗要独自承担他的第一场战斗。其中一个是位老妇人，她几乎总是喝得醉醺醺的；另一个则是当地一位忙碌的医生，这位医生没有得到足够的报酬，所以对奥利弗能否活下来并不很在意。在济贫院这个只有穷人和无家可归的人待的地方，死亡是一件非常平常的事。

不管怎样，奥利弗总算尽力吸进了第一口气，然后，他以响亮的哭声向济贫院里其他的人宣告自己的到来。他的母亲从枕头上抬起了年轻而苍白的脸，用微弱的声音说：“让我看一眼孩子，我就可以死了。”

正在火炉上烤手取暖的医生转过身来，好心地对她说：“别说什么死不死的了。”他把孩子递过去让她抱在怀里。她用冰冷而毫无血色的嘴唇怜爱地在孩子的额头上亲了一下，然后急切地在屋里四处环顾一圈，便向后倒去，咽了气。“可怜的东西！”老看护说着，急忙将一个绿色的小玻璃瓶揣回长裙子的兜里。

这时医生开始穿外衣。“这孩子太弱，恐怕会有麻烦，”他说，“如果真是这样，给他喂点牛奶，好让他别哭。”然后，他又转过脸看了一眼死去的女人，说：“这母亲长得还挺漂亮。她是从哪儿来的？”

“她是昨天夜里被送到这儿来的，”老妇人回答道。“她倒在马路上，被人发现了。她脚上那双鞋子已经磨得破破烂烂的了，由此可以看出她是从很远的地方来的。她从哪儿来，要到哪儿去，叫什么名字，没人知道。”

医生拉起那年轻女人的左手，摇摇头，伤心地说：“又是老一套。没有结婚戒指，果然如此。唉！晚安。”

奥利弗就这样被留下了，由那位醉醺醺的看护一个人看着。他光着身子，裹在毕生第一块毯子里，既可以是国王的儿子，也可以是乞丐的儿子。可后来老妇人给他穿上了由于年头太久而发了黄的粗棉布衣服，这时，他看上去和他的身份完全一致了——一个济贫院的孤儿，准备好了去过一种充满苦难、饥饿和被忽视的生活。

奥利弗大声哭着。假如他已经知道自己是一个济贫院的孤儿，他可能会哭得更大声些。

在济贫院里没有专人照顾婴儿，所以奥利弗被送进了附近一家专门的“育婴堂”。在这里，奥利弗与其他三十多个孩子每天在地上滚爬着，没有过多的衣物和食物来麻烦他们。曼太太“照顾”着这些孩子，这老女人非常有经验。她知道什么对孩子们有好处，知道吃饱肚子对孩子们的身体是非常有害的。同时她也知道什么对她自己有好处，于是她把人家给孩子们的伙食费都留给自己。负责孤儿事务的地方董事会有时会来检查孩子们的健康状况，可他们往往在前一天派执事去通告他们要来访问，执事是一种地方警察。所以，无论他们什么时候来，孩子们准是个个头净脚净的。

奥利弗就是这样长大的，因此，他到了九岁时，还非常苍白瘦小，比同龄孩子矮一大截。尽管常常遭到曼太太的毒打，他的意志却很坚强。这大概也是他竟然能活到九岁的缘故吧。

奥利弗九岁生日的这天，执事班布尔先生来育婴堂看曼太太。曼太太透过楼前的窗户看见他站在大门口，慌忙转向和她一起干活的女孩，说道：

“赶快！把奥利弗和其他孩子都带到楼上洗洗！”她说。然后她匆忙跑去开大门。(为了防止官方人员料想不到的来访，这大门常常是锁着的。)

“我有点事要跟你谈，”班布尔先生跟曼太太说着，走进了屋子。他是个身材肥胖、脾气暴躁、狂妄自大的人。他可不喜欢被关在门外长时间地等候。

曼太太接过了他的帽子和外衣，替他搬来一把椅子，并且对他是否舒适表示了极大的关心。“班布尔先生，您大老远地走来，一定是渴了。”她说着从橱子里拿出了一个瓶子。

“不，谢谢，曼太太，我一滴都不喝。”他挥手推开瓶子。

“只稍稍来一点儿，班布尔先生，这是加了冰水的，”她极力地劝说着。

班布尔先生咳嗽了一声。“是什么？”他问道，并饶有兴趣地看着瓶子。

“杜松子酒，我这是留着给孩子们吃药用的。”

“曼太太，你给孩子们喝杜松子酒？”班布尔先生看着她给自己兑酒，问道。“只是吃药的时候给他们喝上一点儿，先生。我不忍心看着他们受罪。”

“曼太太，你真是个好心的女人。”班布尔先生马上喝下了半杯。“我会在董事会那里替你美言的。现在言归正传，说说我今天来这儿的目的。奥利弗·特威斯特今天已经整整九岁了，迄今为止，我们没有打听到关于他父母的任何消息。”

“那么，他是怎么有了这个姓的？”

“这姓是我给他起的，”班布尔先生自豪地说，“我们是按照字母表的顺序给他们安排姓氏的，前一个是S，叫斯瓦勃(Swubble)，轮到他是字母T，所以就叫特威斯特(Twist)，下一个叫恩温(Unwin)。不管怎么说，奥利弗已经长大了，该回到济贫院去了。请把他带到这儿来。”曼太太去带奥利弗时，班布尔先生喝干了杯子里剩下的杜松子酒。

奥利弗手和脸差不多洗干净了，他被带了进来。

“你愿意跟我走吗，奥利弗？”班布尔先生大声问。

奥利弗特别渴望能尽早逃脱曼太太的暴虐统治，可他却没吭声，因为这时她正恶狠狠地向他暗暗摇着手指头。可是当大门在奥利弗身后关上时，他突然涕泪横流。他就要离开其他的孩子们了，而这些孩子是他仅有的朋友，此刻，他顿时感到自己在这个世界上是多么孤独。

班布尔先生在前面大步流星地走着，奥利弗挪动短腿一路小跑地跟在旁边。喝了加水的杜松子酒所产生的心满意足的感觉这会儿已荡然无存，这位执事的情绪又不好了。

[知识积累]

1．misery n．　　　　　 痛苦；苦难

2．inconvenience n.   不方便

3．beadle n.   执事

4．gin n.   杜松子酒

5．contentment n.   满足；满意

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《雾都孤儿》之角色解读

奥利弗作为《雾都孤儿》的主人公，出生于苦难之中，在黑暗和充满罪恶的世界中成长，但在他的心中始终保持着一片纯洁的天地，一颗善良的心，种种磨难并不能使他堕落或彻底堕落，反而更显示出他出淤泥而不染的光彩夺目的晶莹品质。