英语Unit 2 Onwards and upwards学案

这是一份英语Unit 2 Onwards and upwards学案，共7页。学案主要包含了动名词作宾语，不定式作宾语等内容，欢迎下载使用。

语法精讲·深化学习
动名词与不定式作宾语(-ing and t-infinitive as bject)
观察上面对话, 并完成句子。
1. It’s a pay day, and they are waiting t be paid(pay).
2. N matter hw hard it is, we’ll keep trying(try) until we make it.
一、动名词作宾语
1. 动名词可以跟在动词后面作宾语。
常见的只能接动名词不能接不定式作宾语的动词有:
表示“建议”“完成”“推迟”和“想象”: suggest, finish, pstpne, delay, imagine
表示“需要”“承认”“介意”和“原谅”: require, admit, mind, pardn, excuse
表示“避免”“冒险”“练”“逃”和“错过”: avid, risk, practice, escape, miss
表示“允许”“考虑”“理解”“喜欢”和“欣赏”: allw, permit, cnsider, understand, enjy, appreciate
*I dn’t like watching televisin but I enjy listening t the radi.
我不喜欢看电视, 但是喜欢听收音机。
*He tried t avid answering my questins.
他试图对我的问题避而不答。
2. 动名词作介词宾语常用在动词短语后。
insist n, keep n, get used t, see t, pay attentin t, take t, give up, aim at, believe in, be engaged in, care fr, accuse. . . f, put ff, prevent. . . frm, thank. . . fr, devte. . . t, depend n, set abut, be fnd f, be tired f, succeed in, be keen n, wrry abut, aplgize fr, feel like, dream f, lead t, be wrth
*He insisted n ding it in his wn way.
他坚持要按照自己的方法做。
*It’s quite ht tday. D yu feel like ging fr a swim?
今天很热。你愿意去游泳吗?
动词-ing的复合结构作宾语
(1)形容词性物主代词+动词-ing
(2)人称代词宾格+动词-ing
(3)名词所有格+动词-ing
(4)名词+动词-ing
Wuld yu mind my/me using yur cell phne? 你介意我用你的手机吗?
I knew nthing abut the windw being pen. 我一点儿也不知道窗户开着。
【巧学助记】只能接动名词作宾语的动词(短语)口诀
完成实践值得忙(finish, practice, be wrth, be busy)
继续习惯别放弃(keep n, be used t, give up)
考虑建议不禁想(cnsider, suggest, can’t help, feel like)
喜欢思念要介意(enjy, miss, mind)
语法填空。
(1)Yung peple may risk ging (g) deaf if they are expsed t very lud music every day.
(2)—Have yu finished writing (write) yur cmpsitin?
—Nt yet.
(3)The freign friends are lking frward t being shwn (shw) arund ur schl.
(4)I used t practice speaking (speak) English every mrning at university.
(5)I dn’t agree this is f pr quality. Fr a start, it is a bk well wrth reading (read).
二、不定式作宾语
1. 只能以不定式作宾语, 而不能以动名词作宾语的动词有:
(“希望”干)wish, hpe, expect, lng, desire;
(早“打算”)plan, mean, prepare, attempt, intend;
(“同意”“否”)agree, cnsent, refuse, decline;
(“寻”“问”看)seek, ask, beg;
(“选”“定”了)chse, decide, determine, prmise;
(“尽”“自愿”)manage, vlunteer, tend;
(“称”“失败”)claim, fail;
(“敢”“假装”)dare, pretend
*The driver failed t see the ther car in time.
司机没有及时看到另一辆车。
*China hpes t prmte the ties with Angla t a new stage.
中国希望把和安哥拉的关系推向新的阶段。
2. 可用于“动词+it+形容词/名词+t d sth. ”结构中的动词有feel, find, make, think, believe, cnsider等。
*They all feel it very hard t learn English.
他们都认为学英语很难。
3. 有些介词后也可以接不定式作宾语, 如介词but, abut, except等。
*This girl had n chice but t wait.
这个女孩除了等待别无选择。
【巧学助记】只能接不定式作宾语的动词(短语)口诀
决定想做计划需要同意能做被用来做的事
迫不及待下决心做过去常常未能做的事
【知识延伸】
动词不定式作宾语, 通常有三种形式:
(1)一般式: 动词不定式的一般式所表示的动作通常与谓语动词所表示的动作(状态)同时发生, 或是在它之后发生。当动词不定式的逻辑主语是其所表示的动作的发出者时, 用主动形式( t d); 当动词不定式的逻辑主语是其所表示的动作的承受者时, 用被动形式( t be dne)。
*He appears t be very happy. 他看起来很高兴。
*He refused t be phtgraphed. 他拒绝让人拍照。
(2)进行式: 动词不定式的进行式(t be ding)表示动词不定式所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生, 并强调动作的持续性或动作正在进行。
*When I came in, he pretended t be sleeping.
当我进来时, 他假装正在睡觉。
*It happened t be raining when I gt there.
我到达那里的时候, 碰巧在下雨。
(3)完成式: 动词不定式的完成式(t have dne)表示动词不定式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。
*He seems t have cut ff the water supply.
他好像已切断了供水。
语法填空。
(1)I had hped t send (send) him a telegram t cngratulate him n his marriage, but I didn’t manage it.
(2)There seemed nthing left t d but send(send) fr the dctr.
(3)Having failed in the driving test twice, he decided nt t take (nt take) it again.
(4)If yu want t g (g) with us, yu shuld be ready by eight ’clck.
(5)He gave us sme advice n hw t learn(learn) English.
三、接动词不定式/动词-ing 形式意义差别大的动词(短语)
*Please remember t give my best regards t yur family.
请记着代我向你的家人问好。
*I still remember visiting the museum fr the first time.
我仍记得第一次参观博物馆的情景。
*He tried t cntrl his vice. 他尽量控制住自己的声音。
*They decided they wuld try living in America fr a while.
他们决定在美国住一段时间试试。
在need, require, want(表”需要”)等动词的后面可接动词-ing形式作宾语(用主动形式表示被动含义), 也可接动词不定式的被动式作宾语。
语法填空。
(1)The teacher regretted t tell (tell) Tm he didn’t pass the exam, and Tm regretted nt studying (study)hard.
(2)I remembered t lck (lck) the dr befre I left the ffice, but frgt t turn (turn) ff the lights.
(3)After he finished ding (d) maths hmewrk, he went n t write (write) a cmpsitin.
(4)I’m determined t slve this mystery even if it means traveling (travel) t New Yrk by myself.
(5)The cnditin f this car is s serius. It really needs repairing/t be repaired (repair) befre driving n the rad again.
使用本单元所学动名词和不定式的相关知识, 结合中文提示补全短文。
Mr Zhang is a successful businessman in ur city. When he was fifteen years ld, his family was s pr that he had t (1)quit studying(退学) at schl. T help supprt his family, he did lts f part-time jbs. Later, he (2)happened t save(碰巧挽救了) a wealthy businessman. The businessman (3)prmised t reward (许诺奖励)him. Mr Zhang tld him that he (4)wanted t set up his wn business(想创办自己的公司). Hearing what Mr Zhang said, the businessman (5)agreed t lend him a hand(同意帮他一把). Mr Zhang’s cmpany was set up in 2000. Little by little, he earned a lt f mney and became wealthy. He always (6)regrets leaving(后悔离开) schl at a yung age, s he (7)decided t give away his mney (决定捐赠他的钱)t thse children whse families were pr. Since then, Mr Zhang has (8)devted himself t helping (致力于帮助)thse in truble. Up t nw, he has given away ten millin yuan t charities. Althugh Mr Zhang is nw in his sixties, he desn’t plan t (9)stp wrking(停止工作). And he (10)hpes t earn mre mney (希望挣更多的钱)t help mre peple.
主题活动·话题实践
Ⅰ. 话题词汇
1. lk n the bright side
(对坏情况)持乐观态度, 看到光明的一面
2. nt lift a finger一点忙也不帮, 油瓶倒了都不扶
3. a wet blanket扫兴的人或物
4. an eager beaver
干活特别卖力的人, 对工作极有热忱的人
5. drag ne’s feet故意拖拉, 故意拖延
6. turn ver a new leaf改恶从善, 重新做人
7. as cl as a cucumber镇定自若
8. be made up f由……组成
9. ups and dwns盛衰, 浮沉, 苦乐
10. lend sb. an ear倾听某人
Ⅱ. 话题情境
根据情境和提示完成对话。
1. A: Excuse me. Hw’s yur sn’s maths ging?
B: Nt very well, but I haven’t lifted a finger(一点忙也帮不上)
2. A: Let’s g uting tmrrw, shall we?
B: I’m srry, I’ll stay at hme and watch TV.
A: Cme n, dn’t be such a wet blanket(扫兴的人).
3. A: What d yu think f Mike?
B: He is an eager beaver(对工作极有热忱的人) but he is nt very rganized.
4. A: Tm is always late fr schl.
B: That’s t bad. He needs t turn ver a new leaf(改恶从善).
5. A: The exam is cming. I’m feeling a little anxius.
B: Yu shuld be as cl as a cucumber(镇定自若) because yu are always wrking hard.
Ⅲ. 情境句式
1. Are yu OK? 你还好吗?
2. I dn’t mean t be nsy, but are yu sure?
我不想多管闲事, 但是你确定吗?
3. Why dn’t yu tell me what’s up?
你为什么不告诉我发生了什么事?
4. I’m sure yu did yur best.
我确信你尽力了。
5. Yu shuld be prud f yurself.
你应该以你自己为豪。
6. Why are yu s upset?
你为什么如此难过?
7. I knw this is hard fr yu, but yu shuld cheer up.
我知道这对你来说很难, 但你应该振作起来。
Ⅳ. 情境交流
在放学回家的路上Kate看起来很难过, Mike关切地询问发生了什么事。
Mike: Are yu OK? 1. Why are yu s upset(你为什么如此难过)?
Kate: I’m all right. Dn’t wrry abut me.
Mike: 2. Why dn’t yu tell me what’s up(你为什么不告诉我发生了什么事)? Perhaps I can help yu with it.
Kate: Yu can’t lift a finger. I haven’t dne well in the maths exam.
Mike: Yu mean yu have failed in the maths exam?
Kate: N, but I’m nt satisfied with the result.
Mike: I knw this is hard fr yu, but 3. yu shuld cheer up(你应该振作起来). I’m sure 4. yu did yur best(你尽力了).
Kate: Thank yu fr cmfrting me.