高中英语Unit 1 People of Achievement随堂练习题

这是一份高中英语Unit 1 People of Achievement随堂练习题，共8页。

A
Mike Flint was Buffett's airplane pilt. Flint had als flwn fur US Presidents, s we can safely say he was gd at his jb. Accrding t Flint, he was talking abut his career pririties (优先事项) with Buffett when he asked him t g thrugh a 3­step exercise.
STEP 1: Write dwn his tp 25 career gals. S, Flint tk sme time and wrte them dwn.
STEP 2：Review his list and circle his tp 5 gals. Again, Flint tk sme time, made his way thrugh the list, and at last decided n his 5 mst imprtant gals.
STEP 3: At this pint, Flint had tw lists. The 5 items he had circled were n List A and the 20 items he had nt circled were n List B.
Flint said that he wuld start wrking n his tp 5 gals right away. And then Buffett asked him abut the secnd list, “And what abut the nes yu didn't circle？”
Flint replied, “Well, the tp 5 are my primary fcus (焦点), but the ther 20 cme in a clse secnd. I still plan t give them my effrts.”
Buffett said, “N.Yu've gt it wrng. Everything yu didn't circle just became yur Avid­At­All­Cst list. These things get n effrts frm yu until yu've succeeded with yur tp 5.”
This is why Buffett's strategy (策略) is great. Items 6 thrugh 25 are things yu care abut. S yu can't help paying attentin t them. And then yu get 20 distractins (分心的事物) t stp yu frm fcusing n yur tp 5 gals. Spending time n secndary pririties is the reasn yu have 20 half­finished gals instead f 5 cmpleted nes. S frce yurself t fcus. The mst dangerus distractins are the nes yu lve, but that dn't lve yu back.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过巴菲特向他的私人飞行员芬克传授策略的事例告诉我们巴菲特策略的核心：坚定地剔除分心事物，集中精力完成优先事项。
1．What did Flint think f his items n List B?
A．They were imprtant t.
B．They were much mre difficult.
C．They were nt wrth his effrt.
D．They were impssible gals t reach.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第三段中的芬克的回答可知，在芬克看来，List B上的目标虽然不是最优先的，但是它们也很重要，他也会付出努力去完成它们的。
2．What did Buffett suggest t Mike Flint?
A．Giving up List B halfway.
B．Chsing nly ne pririty frm the 25 items.
C．Paying n attentin t List B befre finishing List A.
D．Reviewing all the items and deciding n anther tp 5.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段巴菲特所讲的“These things get n effrts frm yu until yu've succeeded with yur tp 5.”可知，他建议飞行员芬克在完成最重要的5个目标之前对其他20个目标不做任何考虑。
3．Accrding t Buffett's strategy, ．
A．getting 20 half­finished gals is useful t
B．we shuld break away frm distractins decidedly
C．it's impssible fr us t finish tw tasks at a time
D．secndary pririties will prevent us frm succeeding
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“S frce yurself t fcus.”可知，人们在完成目标时应果断抛开分心的事物，集中精力完成优先事项。
4．What can be the best title fr the passage?
A．List A r List B?
B．Hw t Chse Yur Pririties
C．The Secret f Buffett's Great Success
D．Avid Distractins t Fcus n Yur Pririties
解析：选D 标题归纳题。本文通过巴菲特向他的私人飞行员芬克传授策略的事例告诉我们巴菲特策略的核心：坚定地剔除分心事物，集中精力完成优先事项，由此可知D项作为文章标题最佳。
B
Elizabeth Blackwell was brn n 3 February 1821 in England.While she was grwing up, tw f her brthers and six f her sisters died.Elizabeth decided t becme a dctr.
Her father was a sugar businessman.He encuraged equality (平等) between bys and girls s, unlike mst girls, Elizabeth had the same educatin as bys.
One night, when Elizabeth was eleven, a fire destryed her family's business.The family became s pr that Mr Blackwell decided t g t America.When the family reached New Yrk, Mr Blackwell tried t start a new business, but failed.In 1837, he died.
After being refused several times by medical schls, Elizabeth was finally accepted by Geneva Medical Cllege in New Yrk, largely as a jke.Peple there, even wmen, thught she was indecent (下流的) and asked her t leave.But with great determinatin, Elizabeth graduated with high hnrs.After graduatin, Elizabeth went t Paris t learn mre abut medicine.Elizabeth returned t America in 1851.There she helped ther wmen becme dctrs and pened a medicine stre.Then, she begged her rich friends t give mney t build a hspital.
Elizabeth's dream came true in 1857 when the New Yrk Infirmary fr Wmen and Children pened its drs.It was the first true hspital fr wmen, run by wmen dctrs in the wrld.In 1868, the hspital pened a medical cllege fr wmen.After that, Elizabeth received a letter frm Eurpe asking her t cme t her hmeland and d fr the wmen f Eurpe what she had dne in America.She returned t England in 1869.There she served fr frty years, which made her a her.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了英国首位取得医学博士学位的伟大女性Elizabeth Blackwell。
5．What made Elizabeth want t be a dctr?
A．Her pr family.
B．Her father's advice.
C．Her family members' early death.
D．The inequality between girls and bys.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据文章第一段的内容可知，Elizabeth年幼时她的兄弟姐妹相继死亡，这让她产生了当医生的想法。
6．Why did Elizabeth's family mve t America?
A．T sell mre sugar.
B．T lk fr chances t live.
C．T pen a hspital fr wmen.
D．T help Elizabeth study medicine.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据文章第三段的内容可知，Elizabeth一家搬到美国是为了寻找生存的机会。
7．It can be inferred frm Paragraph 4 that in America ．
A．hardly any wmen studied medicine
B．studying medicine was cnsidered decent
C．wmen were nt allwed t receive educatin
D．wmen and children suffered a lt frm pr health
解析：选A 推理判断题。文章第四段讲到Elizabeth一开始遭到很多家医学院的拒绝，在她被纽约的一家医学院录取后，当地的人们甚至是妇女都认为她学医很下流，都斥责她让她离开，由此可推断，当时几乎没有女性学医，因为在人们看来女性学医是一件下流的事情。
8．Which is the right rder f the fllwing events abut Elizabeth?
a．She pened the first hspital fr wmen.
b．She pened a medicine stre in America.
c．Her family mved t New Yrk.
d．She graduated frm a medical schl.
e．She returned t England t serve.
f．Her family's business was destryed.
g．She went t Paris t study medicine.
A．c－f－d－g－b－a－e B．f－c－d－g－b－a－e
C．f－c－g－d－b－a－e D．f－c－g－d－b－e－a
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据文章内容可知，所列事件的正确顺序是：Elizabeth家的生意因火灾而破产→她全家搬到纽约谋生→她从医学院毕业→她到巴黎进修→她在美国开了一家药店→她开了第一家妇女医院→她返回家乡做贡献。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Many children may be fnd f animals, but few ever think f making the study f animals as their career.Even fewer will be 1 by the whle wrld, 2 the title f United Natins Messenger (使者) f Peace.
But ne wman has 3 all that.She has lived with chimps in the African frest fr many years and made great 4 ．Jane Gdall's lifelng interest in animals began at an early age.
When a clse friend invited Gdall t Kenya in 1957, she readily 5 it.Within a few mnths f her arrival she met the famus anthrplgist (人类学家) Dr Luis Leakey, wh sn decided that Gdall was the 6 persn he was lking fr t begin a 7 f wild chimps n the shre f Lake Tanganyika in Tanzania.
In the beginning, studying the chimps was nt 8 fr her.The animals fled (逃跑) frm her 9 ．With a strng 10 ， she searched the frest every day, trying nt t get t clse t the chimps t 11 ．Gradually the chimps became used t her presence.
In Octber 1960, she bserved a chimp making and using 12 t fish fr termites (白蚁).This discvery threw 13 n the ppular idea at the time that man was the wrld's nly tlmaker.The lnger Gdall's research cntinues, the mre it becmes bvius that chimps are very 14 t humans.
Since the mid­1980s, Gdall has been lecturing arund the wrld t raise peple's sense abut envirnmental 15 .“Let's live in the new age with hpe, respect fr all living things, understanding and lve，” she said.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了“联合国和平使者”简·古道尔的经历和她取得的成就。
1．A.recgnized B．knwn
C．accepted D．admitted
解析：选A recgnize在此解释为“认可(功绩等)”，即很少有人得到全世界的认可。knw知道；accept接受；admit承认。
2．A.receiving B．giving
C．enjying D．having
解析：选C 表示“享有……头衔或称号”时，要用动词enjy。
3．A.dne B．prved
C．achieved D．realized
解析：选C 此处表示有这样一位女性做到了上面提到的所有，应用achieve。achieve达到，实现。d 做；prve 证明；realize 意识到，实现，作“实现”讲时，其后宾语通常为dream。
4．A.discveries B．decisins
C．chices D．prgress
解析：选A 通读全文可知，她最后有了一些伟大的发现。
5．A.accepted B．refused
C．received D．cnsidered
解析：选A 根据下文内容可知，她接受了朋友的邀请，应用动词accept。
6．A.nly B．last
C．special D．first
解析：选C 通过上文的介绍“她对动物感兴趣”等可知，她是一个特别的、与众不同的女孩。
7．A.prject B．study
C．centre D．career
解析：选B 名词study的含义是“研究”，下文中的studying the chimps是提示。
8．A.hard B．interesting
C．easy D．cnvenient
解析：选C 根据下文中黑猩猩一见她就逃离这一情节推断，研究黑猩猩不是件容易的事。
9．A.in surprise B．in a hurry
C．as expected D．in fear
解析：选D 根据下文的nt t get t clse和the chimps became used t her presence可知黑猩猩由于害怕而逃离。in surprise 惊奇地；in a hurry 匆忙地；as expected 正如预料的一样；in fear 害怕地。
10．A.will B．bdy
C．desire D．mind
解析：选A 正是因为她的坚强意志她才有了最后的成功。will 意志；bdy 身体；desire 渴望；要求；mind 头脑；主意。
11．A.far B．near
C．sn D．much
解析：选C 从下一句开头的Gradually一词可以判断，她每天到森林里去，是想让黑猩猩慢慢地熟悉她，而不希望一开始就接近它们而把它们吓跑。
12．A.nets B．tls
C．hles D．spns
解析：选B 由下一句中的tlmaker一词可知，本题的答案应为tls。
13．A.dubt B．light
C．questins D．beliefs
解析：选A 这个新的发现必然会让人们怀疑原来的一些观点。dubt 怀疑； light 光； questin 问题； belief 信念。
14．A.clse B．similar
C．friendly D．helpful
解析：选B 此处是表示黑猩猩与人类相似。be similar t 与……相似。be clse t 离……近；be friendly t 对……友好；be helpful t 对……有帮助。
15．A.imprvement B．prtectin
C．pllutin D．destructin
解析：选B 最后一句很明确地告诉我们应注意保护环境。imprvement 改进；提高；prtectin 保护；pllutin 污染；destructin 破坏；消灭。
Ⅲ.语法填空
Faraday was the 1 (invent) f the electric generatr and electric mtr.Faraday's father suffered frm lng­time health prblems, as a result f 2 his family had little mney t affrd his frmal schling.But he was curius and determined t learn.
While 3 (wrk) in Lndn as a teenager, he had a chance t read 4 (vary) bks that he culd get his hands n.In 1812, he attended fur lectures at the Ryal Institutin given by a famus chemist named Humphrey Davy.A year later Faraday 5 (accept) as Davy's lab assistant.Davy als tk Faraday n 6 18­mnth tur f Eurpe, where Faraday met sme f the mst famus scientists f the day.But fr Davy, Faraday 7 (lse) the pprtunity t gain a cmplete scientific educatin.
He sn began t d 8 (experiment) with electricity.In 1831, he discvered electrmagnetic inductin.And fr the next eight years Faraday wrked lng hurs in the lab, which did harm 9 his health.By the end f the decade he was in 10 pr health that his research did nt begin again until 1845.In the mid­1850s, he was frced t retire and he lived at Hamptn Curt until his death n 25 August 1867.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了发电机和电动机的发明者法拉第的生平。
1．inventr 考查词性转换。空前由the修饰，因此空处用名词，结合句意可知，此处表示“发明者”，故填inventr。
2．which 考查定语从句。此处为非限制性定语从句，空处指代前面整个句子的内容，在从句中作f的宾语，故填which。
3．wrking 考查非谓语动词。在while引导的时间状语从句中，当主从句的主语一致且谓语为be动词时，从句可以省略主语和be动词，本句省略了he was，故填wrking。
4．varius 考查词性转换。此处应用形容词修饰名词bks，故填varius。
5．was accepted 考查动词的时态和语态。结合句意可知，Faraday 与accept之间是动宾关系，且发生在过去，应该用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was accepted。
6．an 考查冠词。此处用不定冠词表示泛指，18­mnth以元音音素开头，故填an。
7．wuld have lst 考查虚拟语气。but fr要不是，表示对过去事情的假设，句子谓语应用wuld have dne，表示“本来会……而实际没有……”，故填wuld have lst。
8．experiments 考查名词的单复数。此处用名词复数形式表示泛指，故填experiments。
9．t 考查介词。d harm t表示“对……有害”，故填t。
10．such 考查固定结构。such ...表示“如此……以至于……”，此处应用such修饰不可数名词health，故填such。