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高中人教版 (2019)Unit 3 Food and Culture综合训练题
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这是一份高中人教版 (2019)Unit 3 Food and Culture综合训练题，共32页。试卷主要包含了5分,满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Mst peple agree that eating healthy fd is imprtant. But smetimes making gd fd chices can be tugh. Nw, there are apps that can help peple learn abut the fd they eat t imprve their diets.
Open Table
Open Table helps peple chse restaurants when they want t g ut t eat. Open Table is a free service that shws users restaurant availability based n where and when they want t dine. Open Table users can als make reservatins directly thrugh the app r website.
Epicurius
Epicurius is a free app and website t help users find recipes and becme better cks. The app has mre than 30,000 recipes and can create a shpping list based n the ingredients in a recipe. The app rates recipes fr ppularity and ther qualities and infrms users abut vegetables in seasn in different areas.
Happy Cw
The Happy Cw app is made freely fr vegetarians. Users can search fr vegetarian restaurants and stres arund the wrld. The Happy Cw app is based n the Happy Cw website, where users can discver places nearby r search using keywrds.
Lcal Eats
Restaurant chains, like McDnald's, can be fund almst anywhere a persn might travel. But smetimes turists want t eat like lcals. The website and app Lcal Eats is designed fr that, which can help yu find lcal restaurants in majr cities in the US and in ther cuntries.
1.Which app can help peple bk a table fr a meal in advance?
A.Open Table. B.Lcal Eats.
C.Epicurius. D.Happy Cw.
2.Wh might be interested in the app Lcal Eats?
A.App designers. B.Travelers.
C.Vegetarians. D.Chefs.
3.This text intrduces these apps t help peple t .
A.save mney B.be better cks
C.eat better D.make gd fd
B
It was an autumn day, and I was standing in the kitchen, hanging my head ver the cunter and trying t figure ut hw many calries were in a bwl f hmemade ygurt and fruit. And I felt annyed.
I was 16, and my best friend and I had gne t ur first Weight Watchers meeting. It was the trend in the mid-1980s, and even thugh I was an athlete, like many teen girls, I didn't necessarily like what I saw in the mirrr. But after a week r s f recrding every meal and snack and calculating the calries, I had had enugh. I went back t my rutine f chewing whatever I wanted, running and skiing, and let that be that. And it's still pretty much what I d;as lng as the wrkuts are regular and the fd is whle and balanced, my bdy's set pint hasn't varied fr years.
The weight lss trend f three decades ag—full f scales and cunting calries—has fallen away. Nw fasting (禁食) is ppular. The ways t keep fit vary: n the 5:2 diet a persn eats fr five days and fasts fr tw days each week, while the 18:6 refers t fasting fr 18 hurs and then eating within a six-hur windw each day.
In this issue, assciate editr Mark Barna tries t understand the science behind the fasting plans. Researchers have fund that animals like mnkeys age mre slwly after years f eating less, and in the lab in humans, they saw imprvements in a number f signs that indicated the risk f sme diseases hard t cure. The hpe fr healthy weight lss isn't ver yet, but at least nw the calculatrs dn't have t be n at every meal.
4.What made the authr annyed?
A.Her bdy was nt as strng as an athlete's.
B.There were t many calries in the ygurt and fruit.
C.The Weight Watchers meeting was nt necessary fr her.
D.She had t wrk ut the calries in every meal and snack.
5.Which f the fllwing can replace the underlined wrd “chewing”?
A.Eating. B.Ding.
C.Cking. D.Chsing.
6.Hw d peple keep fit nw?
A.They limit the calries they take in.
B.They lse weight nly.
C.They fast daily r weekly.
D.They eat enugh every day.
7.What d we knw abut the researchers' finding in this passage?
A.Peple age mre slwly if they eat less.
B.Peple are healthier if they eat less.
C.Peple have stpped lsing weight nw.
D.Peple calculate the calries f every meal.
C
Many peple believe eating healthily is mre expensive than buying junk fds. But ur new research, published in the BMC Public Health, shws this isn't the truth.
Less than 7% f Australians eat healthily. Mst f the Australian family fd budget is being spent n junk fds and drinks that are high in fat, sugar and salt. As a result, tw-thirds f adults (63%)and ne-quarter f children are verweight.
We used the Australian Health Survey 2016—2017 and the suggestins f the Australian Dietary Guidelines t mdel healthy diets fr a family f tw adults and tw children every tw weeks. We cllected fd prices in supermarkets and stres in high and lw sci-ecnmic(社会经济的)areas in Brisbane, and cmpared the diet prices with family incmes.
In bth areas, a family f tw adults and tw children spends abut 18% mre n present diets than it wuld be required t buy healthy diets. Abut 58% f the fd budget fr present diets is spent n junk fds, including takeaway fds(14%), and sugary drinks(4%). In the lw sci-ecnmic area, a family f tw adults and tw children spends $640.20 every tw weeks n their present diets, but they culd buy healthy diets fr $560.93 every tw weeks. In the high sci-ecnmic area, these numbers are $661.92 and $580.01.
Present diets cst mre than healthy diets, s it is surely nt the price that helps t drive preferences fr unhealthy chices.
8.What did the researchers find?
A.Mst Australians eat unhealthily.
B.Half Australians live n junk fds.
C.Mst Australian kids have fat prblems.
D.Australians have a preference fr sweet fds.
9.Hw did the researchers get the result?
A.By ding the study nline.
B.By making a cmparisn.
C.By carrying ut interviews.
D.By asking persnal questins.
10.What can we learn frm Paragraph 4?
A.A healthy diet is actually cheaper.
B.Australian fds are becming healthier.
C.Peple chse junk fds fr their lw prices.
D.Healthy fds are becming mre expensive.
11.What might the fllwing paragraph be abut?
A.The harm f junk fds.
B.Hw we can eat healthily.
C.Why peple chse junk fds.
D.The advantages f a healthy diet.
D
Mst parents realize that a diet f sda and candy isn't a healthy chice, but what shuld they d if their children are picky eaters wh refuse fruit and vegetables? There are ways t help kids eat healthily and avid invlving many fights at the dinner table.
Jane E. Brdy wrte an article fr The New Yrk Times in August 2015. The article's title is Anther Apprach t Raising Healthy Eaters. In this article, she shares her experience as a child wh was a picky eater. She prvides sme useful views fr parents wh have children that are very picky abut what fds they will eat.
It turns ut that asking a child t eat smething desn't really wrk well. The cmmand t “clean yur plate” can end up teaching children that it is nrmal t cntinue eating after their stmach is full. This habit may cntinue int adulthd, and can lead t verweight bdies r fd disrders.
Instead, parents can try ther methds that might actually influence their children t try new fds. One very simple methd is t ffer yur children a small amunt f newly intrduced fd. A large amunt can seem intimidating (令人生畏的).One r tw bites might feel less “scary” t try.
Anther really easy thing parents can d is t read the ingredients n fd instructins. Yu might be surprised by the kinds f fds that have sme frm f sugar added t them. One way t be a healthier eater is t reduce the amunt f sugar a persn eats. Read the ingredient labels, and pick a prduct that desn't have extra sugar added. Start making yur wn type f yur child's favrite fds at hme instead f buying prcessed nes. Cnsider rganic fds ver the ppular, well-knwn fds that are full f sugar.
Smetimes, all it takes t get a child t eat healthily is t ffer a fd in a different way. Kids that hate raw cauliflwer (菜花)might eat it after the vegetable is rasted. It is pssible t turn a head f cauliflwer int rice. It lks the same and yur child may nt ntice the difference between it and real rice.
12.What d we knw abut Jane E. Brdy?
A.She wrte a bk t help kids eat healthily.
B.Her article fr The New Yrk Times was written in winter.
C.She shared sme methds with parents having picky children.
D.Her experience as a picky eater nce made her parents annyed.
13.The cmmand f cleaning ne's plate usually .
A.desn't wrk at all
B.leads t children's stmachache
C.ends up with children's hating eating
D.gets children int a bad eating habit
14.What can parents d if they want their children t try a new fd?
A.Offer a small amunt f it.
B.Give all f the fd t them.
C.Tell them the ingredients in it.
D.Reduce the amunt f sugar in it.
15.Which f the fllwing can help yur kid becme a healthy eater?
A.Making him eat up all fd.
B.Only eating rganic fds.
C.Buying prcessed fds.
D.Eating less sugar.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Everyne knws that fish is gd fr health. 16 But it seems that many peple dn't ck fish at hme. Americans eat nly abut fifteen punds f fish per persn per year, but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at hme. Buying, string, and cking fish isn't difficult. 17 This text is abut hw t buy and ck fish in an easy way.
18 Fresh fish shuld smell sweet: yu shuld feel that yu're standing at the cean's edge. Any fishy r strng smell means the fish isn't fresh. 19 When yu have bught a fish and arrive hme, yu'd better stre the fish in the refrigeratr if yu dn't ck it immediately, but fresh fish shuld be stred in yur fridge fr nly a day r tw. Frzen fish isn't as tasty as the fresh ne.
There are many cmmn methds used t ck fish. 20 First, clean it and seasn it with the spices(香料) f yur chice. Put the whle fish n a plate and steam it in a steam pt fr 8 t 10 minutes if it weighs abut ne pund(A larger ne will take mre time.). Then, it's ready t serve.
A.D nt buy it.
B.The easiest is t steam it.
C.This is hw yu can d it.
D.It just requires a little knwledge.
E.The fish will g bad within hurs.
F.When buying fish, yu shuld first smell it.
G.The fats in fish are thught t help prevent heart disease.
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I'm part f the Rts & Shts prgramme, funded by Dr. Jane Gdall, DBE. It's all abut making 21 changes in the wrld, and these changes will make the wrld better. As Dr. Gdall said, “What yu d makes a difference and yu have t decide what kind f difference yu want t make.”
I decided t d smething 22 fr the wrld.
In Bulgaria,where I live,stray(走失的;无主的) dgs are everywhere. Althugh many peple can turn a blind eye, I struggle t 23 the sulful(凄婉的,脉脉含情的) eyes f a pr street dg. That's why I'm n lnger a fd-waster. When I see plates f 24 fd, I see the desperate eyes f a stray animal. I see a 25 dg prwling arund the bins, searching fr fd t fill his empty belly. 26 eating ut in a restaurant, I'm nt afraid t 27 a fd bag with leftvers. When there are living beings ut there 28 , it seems selfish t waste fd. I'll feed them t the stray cats r dgs. A week ag, I saw a stray dg arund the bins. Hurs earlier, I'd bagged up a plate f 29 fish. As I unwrapped it, he wagged his tail and sniffed the air. The fish was 30 in n time.
It's sad, isn't it? Hw can we waste s much fd and think 31 f it?These hmeless animals have taught me that fd is precius and it isn't right t waste it. When yur stmach is full, dn't thrw away the fd yu've left. 32 it fr anther whse stmach isn't full.
I can't cunt the times I've passed a stray animal with eyes asking fr 33 . Fr me, it's smething I can't ignre. That is why I 34 end up fetching smething frm the fd stre if I haven't anything n me at the time.
The next time yu see wasted fd, 35 it int wrthy fd fr all the starving muths ut there.
B.psitive C.great D.pssible
B.imprtant
C.interesting D.useful
B.ntice C.realize D.meet
B.wasted
C.spiled D.piled
B.wild C.weak D.angry
if B.As if
C.In case D.As well as
B.get C.take D.fill
B.starving C.dying D.barking
B.cked C.spared D.shared
B.swept
C.lst D.gne
B.nthing C.well D.badly
B.Wrap C.Save D.Leave
B.mney C.advice D.help
B.always C.still D.actually
B.break C.cver D.make
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Severe lcust(蝗虫) attacks in India and Pakistan have greatly damaged fd crps, which might lead t a 30—50 percent 36 (reduce) in fd crps. Accrding t ne recent reprt 37 (issue) by the United Natins, the wrld is n the verge f the wrst fd crisis in fifty years. 38 reprt frm the Natinal Bureau f Statistics shws that 39 ttal amunt f wasted fd is 50 billin kilgrams, 40 can feed 350 millin peple a year. Glbally, sme envirnmentalists say the waste f fd is als a waste f water, land, energy and ther earth resurces, 41 (result) in greenhuse gas emissins(排放) and ther frms f 42 (envirnment) pllutin. Last week, Chinese President Xi Jinping 43 (call) n the natin t maintain a sense f crisis abut fd security. In rder t put an end t the wastage f fd, a “Clean Plate Campaign” has been launched in China. 44 respnse t the natinwide campaign, the China Cnsumers' Assciatin (CCA) has als called n the Chinese peple nt t waste fd while eating ut. Meanwhile, sme ther rganizatins have cme up with creative ways 45 (help) peple frm healthy fd rdering habits.
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
41. 42. 43. 44. 45.
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假如你是李华,你的英国朋友Jim对中国的饮食文化很感兴趣,并将在春节期间来中国游玩,请你写一封邮件给他。邮件内容包括:
1.春节饮食习俗;
2.推荐一道你家乡的特色菜。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.开头和结尾已给岀,不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
I am very glad t hear frm yu and delighted t knw that yu are interested in Chinese fd.
Lking frward t meeting yu sn!
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Kindness is everywhere in ur life. Sme f us are just thankful and sme help a lt.
When brwsing WeChat r ther apps, there must be a few peple asking fr help like “Oh, I frgt t bring my bk back.Can yu take a picture f the text?” It's nthing at all fr us t d mre than lifting a finger, but mst times, many peple chse t turn ff their phnes r pretend that they didn't see the nte. There will be smebdy wh answers him smehw, but he desn't need t be me. Thinking f that, we wn't be srry fr him.
But when we're really in need, it's such a kindness f him t reply quickly.
It was a beautiful sunny spring day. I had just finished driving my daughter t the airprt t catch an early mrning flight. My sns and I then went t a fast fd restaurant fr breakfast befre heading back hme. After eating we all gt int the car and pulled ut f the parking lt.
The restaurant was at the very tp f a hill. At the bttm f the hill was a stp sign s we fund urselves at the end f a lng line f waiting traffic while the cars at the bttm turned nt the main rad ne at a time.
As I lked dwn t the bttm f the hill my eyes saw an elderly man standing by the stp sign. His clthes were ld and wrn. He held a cardbard sign with the wrds “Need Help Please!” written n it.
My heart went ut t him and I imagined myself in his situatin.
As car after car turned nt the rad withut stpping fr him,I reached fr my wallet t lk fr whatever cash that was left in it.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
As I was pulling it ut f my pcket, thugh, I saw a yung wman walk up t him alng the side f the rad.
Paragraph 2:
By the time I reached the bttm f the hill, bth the elderly man and the lady wh had helped him were gne.
答案全解全析
单元达标检测
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文。大多数人都想吃得健康,但是有时候选择好食物很难,本文介绍了几个帮助人们改善饮食的应用软件,以供读者选择。
1.A 细节理解题。根据Open Table中的“Open Table users can als make reservatins directly thrugh the app r website.”可知,这一软件可以帮助人们预订桌位。故选A。
2.B 细节理解题。根据Lcal Eats中的“Restaurant chains, like McDnald's, can be fund almst anywhere a persn might travel. But smetimes turists want t eat like lcals.”可知,连锁餐厅,就像麦当劳一样,几乎可以在任何一个人可能去旅游的地方找到。 但有时游客想像当地人一样吃饭,所以这一软件适合游客。故选B。
3.C 推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句中的“there are apps that can help peple learn abut the fd they eat t imprve their diets”可知,本文介绍这几个应用软件的目的是帮助人们改善饮食,使饮食更健康。故选C。选项A与本文信息无关;选项B“成为更好的厨师”与选项D“做出美味的食物”意思接近,均指厨师提高厨艺,这与第二个应用软件Epicurius有关,但不是本文的目的。
【高频词汇】 1.be based n基于…… 2.reservatin n.预订;预约 3.ppularity n.受欢迎;流行;普及 4.search fr寻找
5.be designed fr为……而设计
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过自己的减肥经历介绍了减肥方式的变化,并说明了现在流行的禁食减肥的好处。
4.D 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“figure ut hw many calries in a bwl f...”可知作者在计算自己吃的食物的热量,并且文章第二段中的“But after a week r s f recrding every meal and snack and calculating the calries, I had had enugh.”又进一步进行了说明,作者是由于计算每顿饭和零食的热量而感到恼怒。故选D。本题容易误选B,考生可能根据“figure ut hw many calries were in a bwl f hmemade ygurt and fruit”,误认为作者因一碗自制酸奶和水果含有很高的卡路里而恼火,忽视了作者对天天都这样计算的反感。A项“她的身体不如运动员的强壮”;C项“Weight Watchers meeting对她来说是没有必要的”。
5.A 词义猜测题。上文作者说自己曾通过控制摄入食物的热量来减肥,后来她坚持不下去了。根据画线词所在句中的“I went back t my rutine f”和“and let that be that”可推知,此处表达的是“我回到了过去的生活方式——想吃什么就吃什么,跑跑步,滑滑雪……。”chewing whatever I wanted意为“吃任何我想吃的东西”,故A项正确。
6.C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Nw fasting is ppular. The ways t keep fit vary:n the day...”可知,现在人们减肥的方法是禁食,禁食的方法分为“每周型”和“每日型”,故C项正确。A项“他们限制摄入的热量”;B项“他们只会减肥”;D项“他们每天吃得足够多”。
7.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“ in the lab in humans, they saw imprvements in a number f signs that indicated the risk f sme diseases hard t cure.”可知,研究人员发现在长年的少量进食后,人类患上顽疾的风险会降低,故B项正确。本题容易误选A,认为吃得少,能够延缓衰老,但这是研究者对动物的研究发现,与在实验室里对人类的研究发现不同。C项“现在人们已经停止减肥了”,D项“人们计算每顿饭的卡路里”,这两项均不是研究者的研究结果。
【高频词汇】 1.figure ut 算出 2.annyed adj.烦恼的
3.trend n.趋势 4.calculate v.计算 5.rutine n.常规,惯例
6.wrkut n.锻炼 7.at least至少 8.take in摄入;吸收;领会;欺骗
长难句分析
原句 Researchers have fund that animals like mnkeys age mre slwly after years f eating less, and in the lab in humans, they saw imprvements in a number f signs that indicated the risk f sme diseases hard t cure.
分析 句中并列连词and连接两个并列分句。在第一个分句中fund后面是一个由that引导的宾语从句;第二个分句中signs后面是一个that引导的定语从句。
句意 研究人员发现,像猴子这样的动物,在多年少吃之后衰老得更慢,并且在实验室里,在人类身上,他们发现了许多表明某些难以治愈的疾病的风险的迹象有所改善。
C
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。许多人认为健康饮食比购买垃圾食品更昂贵,但是发表在《BMC公共卫生》上的新研究表明事实并非如此。
8.A 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“Less than 7% f Australians eat healthily.”可知,不到7%的澳大利亚人饮食健康。所以超过93%的澳大利亚人饮食不健康。由此推断出大多数的澳大利亚人饮食不健康。故选A。选项C“大部分澳大利亚的孩子有肥胖问题”,这与第二段最后一句中的ne-quarter f children are verweight不相符; 选项B提到的“一半的澳大利亚人以垃圾食品为生”,数量不对;选项D“澳大利亚人喜欢吃甜食”文中没有提到。
9.B 推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“We cllected fd prices in supermarkets and stres in high and lw sci-ecnmic areas in Brisbane, and cmpared the diet prices with family incmes.”可知,研究人员收集了布里斯班社会经济水平高的和水平低的地区的超市和商店的食品价格,并将饮食价格与家庭收入进行了比较。由此推断出研究人员是通过比较才得出这个结果的。故选B项。选项A“通过在线研究”;选项C“通过进行采访”;选项D“通过问个人问题”。
10.A 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“In bth areas, a family f tw adults and tw children spends abut 18% mre n present diets than it wuld be required t buy healthy diets.”可知,在这两个地区,一个有两个成年人和两个孩子的家庭在目前饮食上的花费比购买健康饮食所需要的多18%。所以我们可以从第四段了解到健康的饮食实际上更便宜。故选A。选项B“澳大利亚的食物正变得越来越健康”;选项C“人们选择垃圾食品是因为它们价格低廉”;选项D“健康食品正变得越来越贵”。
11.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知,目前的饮食比健康的饮食花费更多,所以价格肯定不是导致人们偏好不健康饮食的原因。由此推断出接下来的段落是关于为什么人们选择垃圾食品。故选C。选项A“垃圾食品的危害”;选项B“我们如何才能健康饮食”;选项D“健康饮食的优点”均不能与本文最后一段内容相衔接。
【高频词汇】 1.publish v.发表 将……花费在……上 3.as a result结果 对比……和……
5.including prep.包括 6.drive v.驱使;激励;促进;迫使
7.preference n.偏爱;喜好
D
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章为父母提供了一些方法可以帮助挑食的孩子们吃得健康,从而避免在餐桌上发生争吵。
12.C 细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“In this article, she shares her experience as a child wh was a picky eater. She prvides sme useful views fr parents wh have children that are very picky abut what fds they will eat.”可知,她在这篇文章中向有挑食的孩子的父母分享了一些方法。故选C。选项A“为帮助孩子们吃得健康她写了一本书”与文章内容不符;选项B“她给《纽约时报》写的文章是在冬天写的”与第二段第一句中的wrte an August 2015信息相悖;选项D“她挑食的经历一度使她的父母很恼火”文中没有出现此信息。
13.D 细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句“The cmmand t ‘clean yur plate’ can end up teaching children that it is nrmal t cntinue eating after their stmach is full. This habit may cntinue int adulthd, and can lead t verweight bdies r fd disrders.”可知,“清空盘子”的指令最终可能会教导孩子们在他们的肚子饱了之后继续吃东西,这种习惯或许会延续到成年,并可能导致身体超重或饮食失调,这是一种坏的饮食习惯。故选D。选项A“根本不起作用”;选项B“导致孩子胃疼”;选项C“以孩子们厌恶吃东西而结束”。
14.A 细节理解题。根据第四段最后三句“One very simple methd is t ffer yur children a small amunt f newly intrduced fd. A large amunt can seem intimidating. One r tw bites might feel less ‘scary’ t try.”可知,父母想让孩子尝试一种新食物时,应该给他们一次提供较少的份量。故选A。选项B“给他们所有的食物”;选项C“告诉他们这里面的成分”;选项D“减少这里面糖的含量”。
15.D 细节理解题。根据第五段第三句“One way t be a healthier eater is t reduce the amunt f sugar a persn eats.” 可知,成为一个更健康的饮食者的一个方法是减少一个人吃的糖的量。故选D。选项A“让他吃光所有的食物”;选项B“只吃有机食品”;选项C“购买加工过的食品”。
【高频词汇】 1.invlve v.牵涉;牵连 2.apprach n.方法
3.experience n.经历;经验;体验 4.turn ut证明是;结果是
5.end up ding sth.以做某事结束 6.lead t导致;引起
7.ffer v.提供 8.instructins n.用法说明;操作指南
长难句分析
原句 Mst parents realize that a diet f sda and candy isn't a healthy chice, but what shuld they d if their children are picky eaters wh refuse fruit and vegetables?
分析 句中的连词but连接两个并列分句。第一个分句中that引导宾语从句;第二个分句是一个特殊疑问句,其中if引导条件状语从句,该从句中又含有wh引导的定语从句。
句意 大多数父母都意识到苏打水和糖果构成的饮食不是一个健康的选择,但是如果他们的孩子是拒绝水果和蔬菜的挑食的人,他们该怎么办呢?
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文为说明文,介绍了买鱼和烹饪鱼的小窍门。
16.G 细节句。上句提到鱼对人的健康有益,本句是对上句的解释说明(如何有益),G项“人们认为鱼的脂肪有助于预防心脏病”符合语境。故选G。
17.D 细节句。上句指出购买、储存和烹饪鱼并不是难事。本句承接上句,D项“它只需要一点儿知识”符合语境。故选D。
18.F 主旨句。下文指出了新鲜的鱼和不新鲜的鱼都有什么气味,由此可判断F项为主题句,意为“买鱼时应该先闻闻味道”。故选F。
19.A 细节句。上句指出有鱼腥味或者味儿很大的鱼不新鲜,本句承接上句,指出“不要购买这样的鱼”,故A项正确。
20.B 过渡句。上文指出做鱼的方法有很多种,根据下文出现的steam可知此处介绍清蒸的方法,B项“最简单的方法就是清蒸”符合语境。故选B。
【高频词汇】 1.stre v.贮存;保存 2.immediately adv.立即 3.cmmn adj.通常的;普通的 用……给……调味 5.weigh v.有……重;重;称重量 6.serve v.上(菜、饮料);提供;为……服务 7.prevent v.预防;阻止
长难句分析
原句 When yu have bught a fish and arrive hme, yu'd better stre the fish in the refrigeratr if yu dn't ck it immediately, but fresh fish shuld be stred in yur fridge fr nly a day r tw.
分析 本句为并列复合句。but连接两个并列分句,在第一个分句中When引导时间状语从句,if引导条件状语从句。
句意 你买完鱼回到家后,如果不立即烹饪的话,最好把它储存在冰箱里,但是鲜鱼应该只在冰箱中存放一两天。
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过自己喂流浪狗的经历号召我们,不要把吃剩下的食物扔掉而应该保留下来,给流浪动物吃。
21.B 根据下文and these changes will make the wrld better可知,这个项目号召人们做出会让这个世界变得更好的改变,即“积极的”改变。relative相对的;great伟大的;pssible可能的。
22.D 从下文作者所做的事情可知,他决定做“有用的”事情。inspiratinal鼓舞人心的,启发灵感的;imprtant重要的;interesting有趣的。
23.A 此处作者说明自己很难“忽视”那些流浪狗凄婉的眼神。ntice注意到;realize实现;meet遇到,见面。
24.B 根据上文可知,作者不再浪费食物,因此看到“浪费的”食物时,就想起流浪动物极度渴望的眼睛。untuched未食用的;spiled变质的;piled堆放的。
25.C 根据语境可知,流浪狗在垃圾箱中寻找食物,因此推断它因为饥饿而变得“虚弱”。fierce凶猛的,凶狠的,凶残的;wild野的;野生的;angry生气的。
26.A 作者“即使”在餐馆里吃饭,也会带食物给流浪狗。as if好像;in case以防万一;as well as也。
27.D 根据语境可知,此处表示作者把袋子“装满”吃剩的食物。buy购买;get得到;take拿走。
28.B 根据语境可知,当有些动物在“挨饿”时,浪费食物是自私的行为。run跑; die死; bark (狗)吠叫。
29.A 根据语境和常识可知,此处表示作者把一盘“吃剩的”鱼装在袋子里。cked烹饪好的;spared留出的;shared共享的。
30.D 此处表示狗很快把鱼吃光了,be gne表示“不见了”。swallw吞咽;sweep打扫,清扫;lse丢失,失去。
31.B 作者强调,我们怎么能浪费那么多食物还“觉得这无所谓”呢?think nthing f表示“觉得……无所谓”。
32.C 作者号召我们,不要把吃剩的食物扔掉而应该“保留”下来,给流浪动物吃。put放置;wrap包,裹;leave留下,离开。
33.D 此处表示作者经过流浪动物时多次看到它们寻求“帮助”的眼神。mercy宽恕,仁慈;mney钱;advice建议。
34.B 作者很同情流浪动物,因此如果自己身上没带食物,就“总是”去食品店带食物给它们。seldm很少;still仍然;actually实际上。
35.A 作者最后强调,下一次你看到浪费的食物时,把它们“变成”有用的食物,给饥饿的流浪动物吃。break打破;cver覆盖;make制造。
【高频词汇】 1.make a difference起使用;有影响 2.struggle v.努力;吃力地进行 3.desperate adj.绝望的;(因绝望而)不惜冒险的,不顾一切的,拼命的 4.selfish adj.自私的 5.in n time立即;马上 6.precius adj.宝贵的,珍贵的 7.cunt v.计算
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界粮食安全问题以及中国为此做出的努力。
36.reductin 考查名词。句意:……这可能造成粮食作物30%—50%的减少。设空处作lead t的宾语,且由冠词a修饰,应用reduce的名词形式reductin。
37.issued 考查过去分词作定语。该句中已有谓语动词,此处要用非谓语动词,reprt与issue之间为逻辑上的被动关系,应用过去分词,构成过去分词短语作后置定语。
38.Anther 考查代词。前句中出现了Accrding t ne recent reprt,结合习惯用法“一个……另一个……”(此处表泛指的另一个)可知,此处要用anther,设空处位于句首,首字母大写。故填Anther。
39.the 考查冠词。根据is 50 billin kilgrams可知,此处是固定用法the amunt f...表示“……的数量”。故填the。
40.which 考查非限制性定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,关系词指代前面的50 billin kilgrams,且在从句中作主语,所以要用关系代词which。
41.resulting 考查现在分词作状语。上文the waste f fd is als a waste f water, land, energy and ther earth resurces是原因,而此处是导致的结果,应用现在分词作结果状语。
42.envirnmental 考查形容词。此处修饰名词pllutin,应用形容词作定语。故填envirnmental。
43.called 考查时态。此处是谓语动词,结合本句中的时间状语Last week可知,要用一般过去时。
44.In 考查介词。固定短语in respnse t...意为“对……的回应”,位于句首介词in首字母大写。
45.t help 考查不定式作状语。句意:同时,一些其他的组织已经提出创造性的方法来帮助人们形成健康的点餐习惯。提出方法是为了帮助人们形成习惯,此处表目的,要用不定式。故填t help。
【高频词汇】 1.attack n.& v.攻击;袭击 2.crisis n.危机;危急关头;危难时刻 3.result in导致;结果是 4.greenhuse gas温室气体 5.maintain v.保持;维持;维修;保养 6.in respnse t对……的回应 7.cme up with想出,提出(计划、想法等)
8.creative adj.创造(性)的;有创造力的;创作的
长难句分析
原句 Glbally, sme envirnmentalists say the waste f fd is als a waste f water, land, energy and ther earth resurces, resulting in greenhuse gas emissins and ther frms f envirnmental pllutin.
分析 句中动词say后是省略了连接词that的宾语从句;现在分词短语resulting in...作结果状语。
句意 从全球来看,一些环保人士说,浪费粮食也是浪费水、土地、能源和其他地球资源,会导致温室气体排放和其他形式的环境污染。
第三部分 写作
第一节
One pssible versin:
Dear Jim,
I am very glad t hear frm yu and delighted t knw that yu are interested in Chinese fd.
During the Spring Festival, it's a traditin fr families t get tgether and have a big meal. Hwever, the fd custms vary frm place t place. In the nrth f China, dumplings are the typical fd, which represent change and gd luck. In cntrast, in the suthern part, it's a great time t eat tangyuan. They are sticky rice balls with different fillings. Tangyuan sunds like tuanyuan in Chinese, which means “family reunin”. When yu cme t Beijing, Beijing Rast Duck is what yu can't miss. I bet it will be an unfrgettable experience fr yu.
Lking frward t meeting yu sn!
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节
One pssible versin:
Paragraph 1:
As I was pulling it ut f my pcket, thugh, I saw a yung wman walk up t him alng the side f the rad. She was carrying a bag full f fd taken ut frm the fast fd restaurant where I had breakfast with my sns just nw. Then she handed it t the ld man and gave him a hug. The ld man thanked the yung wman with a smile. Suddenly a lud hnk frm the car behind me made me realize that I hadn't been mving frward, because this simple chice fr kindness had captured my attentin and my heart.
Paragraph 2:
By the time I reached the bttm f the hill, bth the elderly man and the lady wh had helped him were gne. Yet, as I drve hme the sun seemed t shine even mre brightly. A chice is such a pwerful thing. Each day we are given a chice. It can tuch a heart and change a life. May yu make all f yurs f kindness. May yu make yur whle life a chice fr lve, help and jy.1.A
2.B
3.C
4.D
5.A
6.C
7.B
8.A
9.B
10.A
11.C
12.C
13.D
14.A
15.D
16.G
17.D
18.F
19.A
20.B
21.B
22.D
23.A
24.B
25.C
26.A
27.D
28.B
29.A
30.D
31.B
32.C
33.D
34.B
35.A
写作指导
故事
要素
Time
a beautiful sunny spring day
Place
a stp sign, at the bttm f the hill
Character
the authr, the authr's children, an elderly man, a yung wman
What
An elderly man standing by the stp sign asked the peple fr help.
情节
Beginning
介绍文章话题——善良
Develpment
把女儿送到机场后,作者和儿子去了一家快餐店。他们在那里吃了饭,然后开车离开了停车场。餐馆在山顶上,山脚下有一个停车标志,所以他们发现自己走到了一长列等候的汽车的尽头。作者向山下望去,看见一个衣衫褴褛的老人站在停车标志旁边。他举着一个硬纸板牌子,上面写着:“请帮忙!”当一辆接一辆的汽车在没有为他停车的情况下驶上公路时,作者伸手去摸他的钱包,看看里面有没有剩下的现金。
续写
方向
Para.1
As I was pulling it ut f my pcket, thugh, I saw a yung wman walk up t him alng the side f the rad.
①What did the yung wman ffer t the elderly man?
②What did the elderly man d?
③What happened t the authr?
Para.2
By the time I reached the
bttm f the hill, bth the elderly man and the lady wh had helped him were gne.
What did the authr feel?
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Mst peple agree that eating healthy fd is imprtant. But smetimes making gd fd chices can be tugh. Nw, there are apps that can help peple learn abut the fd they eat t imprve their diets.
Open Table
Open Table helps peple chse restaurants when they want t g ut t eat. Open Table is a free service that shws users restaurant availability based n where and when they want t dine. Open Table users can als make reservatins directly thrugh the app r website.
Epicurius
Epicurius is a free app and website t help users find recipes and becme better cks. The app has mre than 30,000 recipes and can create a shpping list based n the ingredients in a recipe. The app rates recipes fr ppularity and ther qualities and infrms users abut vegetables in seasn in different areas.
Happy Cw
The Happy Cw app is made freely fr vegetarians. Users can search fr vegetarian restaurants and stres arund the wrld. The Happy Cw app is based n the Happy Cw website, where users can discver places nearby r search using keywrds.
Lcal Eats
Restaurant chains, like McDnald's, can be fund almst anywhere a persn might travel. But smetimes turists want t eat like lcals. The website and app Lcal Eats is designed fr that, which can help yu find lcal restaurants in majr cities in the US and in ther cuntries.
1.Which app can help peple bk a table fr a meal in advance?
A.Open Table. B.Lcal Eats.
C.Epicurius. D.Happy Cw.
2.Wh might be interested in the app Lcal Eats?
A.App designers. B.Travelers.
C.Vegetarians. D.Chefs.
3.This text intrduces these apps t help peple t .
A.save mney B.be better cks
C.eat better D.make gd fd
B
It was an autumn day, and I was standing in the kitchen, hanging my head ver the cunter and trying t figure ut hw many calries were in a bwl f hmemade ygurt and fruit. And I felt annyed.
I was 16, and my best friend and I had gne t ur first Weight Watchers meeting. It was the trend in the mid-1980s, and even thugh I was an athlete, like many teen girls, I didn't necessarily like what I saw in the mirrr. But after a week r s f recrding every meal and snack and calculating the calries, I had had enugh. I went back t my rutine f chewing whatever I wanted, running and skiing, and let that be that. And it's still pretty much what I d;as lng as the wrkuts are regular and the fd is whle and balanced, my bdy's set pint hasn't varied fr years.
The weight lss trend f three decades ag—full f scales and cunting calries—has fallen away. Nw fasting (禁食) is ppular. The ways t keep fit vary: n the 5:2 diet a persn eats fr five days and fasts fr tw days each week, while the 18:6 refers t fasting fr 18 hurs and then eating within a six-hur windw each day.
In this issue, assciate editr Mark Barna tries t understand the science behind the fasting plans. Researchers have fund that animals like mnkeys age mre slwly after years f eating less, and in the lab in humans, they saw imprvements in a number f signs that indicated the risk f sme diseases hard t cure. The hpe fr healthy weight lss isn't ver yet, but at least nw the calculatrs dn't have t be n at every meal.
4.What made the authr annyed?
A.Her bdy was nt as strng as an athlete's.
B.There were t many calries in the ygurt and fruit.
C.The Weight Watchers meeting was nt necessary fr her.
D.She had t wrk ut the calries in every meal and snack.
5.Which f the fllwing can replace the underlined wrd “chewing”?
A.Eating. B.Ding.
C.Cking. D.Chsing.
6.Hw d peple keep fit nw?
A.They limit the calries they take in.
B.They lse weight nly.
C.They fast daily r weekly.
D.They eat enugh every day.
7.What d we knw abut the researchers' finding in this passage?
A.Peple age mre slwly if they eat less.
B.Peple are healthier if they eat less.
C.Peple have stpped lsing weight nw.
D.Peple calculate the calries f every meal.
C
Many peple believe eating healthily is mre expensive than buying junk fds. But ur new research, published in the BMC Public Health, shws this isn't the truth.
Less than 7% f Australians eat healthily. Mst f the Australian family fd budget is being spent n junk fds and drinks that are high in fat, sugar and salt. As a result, tw-thirds f adults (63%)and ne-quarter f children are verweight.
We used the Australian Health Survey 2016—2017 and the suggestins f the Australian Dietary Guidelines t mdel healthy diets fr a family f tw adults and tw children every tw weeks. We cllected fd prices in supermarkets and stres in high and lw sci-ecnmic(社会经济的)areas in Brisbane, and cmpared the diet prices with family incmes.
In bth areas, a family f tw adults and tw children spends abut 18% mre n present diets than it wuld be required t buy healthy diets. Abut 58% f the fd budget fr present diets is spent n junk fds, including takeaway fds(14%), and sugary drinks(4%). In the lw sci-ecnmic area, a family f tw adults and tw children spends $640.20 every tw weeks n their present diets, but they culd buy healthy diets fr $560.93 every tw weeks. In the high sci-ecnmic area, these numbers are $661.92 and $580.01.
Present diets cst mre than healthy diets, s it is surely nt the price that helps t drive preferences fr unhealthy chices.
8.What did the researchers find?
A.Mst Australians eat unhealthily.
B.Half Australians live n junk fds.
C.Mst Australian kids have fat prblems.
D.Australians have a preference fr sweet fds.
9.Hw did the researchers get the result?
A.By ding the study nline.
B.By making a cmparisn.
C.By carrying ut interviews.
D.By asking persnal questins.
10.What can we learn frm Paragraph 4?
A.A healthy diet is actually cheaper.
B.Australian fds are becming healthier.
C.Peple chse junk fds fr their lw prices.
D.Healthy fds are becming mre expensive.
11.What might the fllwing paragraph be abut?
A.The harm f junk fds.
B.Hw we can eat healthily.
C.Why peple chse junk fds.
D.The advantages f a healthy diet.
D
Mst parents realize that a diet f sda and candy isn't a healthy chice, but what shuld they d if their children are picky eaters wh refuse fruit and vegetables? There are ways t help kids eat healthily and avid invlving many fights at the dinner table.
Jane E. Brdy wrte an article fr The New Yrk Times in August 2015. The article's title is Anther Apprach t Raising Healthy Eaters. In this article, she shares her experience as a child wh was a picky eater. She prvides sme useful views fr parents wh have children that are very picky abut what fds they will eat.
It turns ut that asking a child t eat smething desn't really wrk well. The cmmand t “clean yur plate” can end up teaching children that it is nrmal t cntinue eating after their stmach is full. This habit may cntinue int adulthd, and can lead t verweight bdies r fd disrders.
Instead, parents can try ther methds that might actually influence their children t try new fds. One very simple methd is t ffer yur children a small amunt f newly intrduced fd. A large amunt can seem intimidating (令人生畏的).One r tw bites might feel less “scary” t try.
Anther really easy thing parents can d is t read the ingredients n fd instructins. Yu might be surprised by the kinds f fds that have sme frm f sugar added t them. One way t be a healthier eater is t reduce the amunt f sugar a persn eats. Read the ingredient labels, and pick a prduct that desn't have extra sugar added. Start making yur wn type f yur child's favrite fds at hme instead f buying prcessed nes. Cnsider rganic fds ver the ppular, well-knwn fds that are full f sugar.
Smetimes, all it takes t get a child t eat healthily is t ffer a fd in a different way. Kids that hate raw cauliflwer (菜花)might eat it after the vegetable is rasted. It is pssible t turn a head f cauliflwer int rice. It lks the same and yur child may nt ntice the difference between it and real rice.
12.What d we knw abut Jane E. Brdy?
A.She wrte a bk t help kids eat healthily.
B.Her article fr The New Yrk Times was written in winter.
C.She shared sme methds with parents having picky children.
D.Her experience as a picky eater nce made her parents annyed.
13.The cmmand f cleaning ne's plate usually .
A.desn't wrk at all
B.leads t children's stmachache
C.ends up with children's hating eating
D.gets children int a bad eating habit
14.What can parents d if they want their children t try a new fd?
A.Offer a small amunt f it.
B.Give all f the fd t them.
C.Tell them the ingredients in it.
D.Reduce the amunt f sugar in it.
15.Which f the fllwing can help yur kid becme a healthy eater?
A.Making him eat up all fd.
B.Only eating rganic fds.
C.Buying prcessed fds.
D.Eating less sugar.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Everyne knws that fish is gd fr health. 16 But it seems that many peple dn't ck fish at hme. Americans eat nly abut fifteen punds f fish per persn per year, but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at hme. Buying, string, and cking fish isn't difficult. 17 This text is abut hw t buy and ck fish in an easy way.
18 Fresh fish shuld smell sweet: yu shuld feel that yu're standing at the cean's edge. Any fishy r strng smell means the fish isn't fresh. 19 When yu have bught a fish and arrive hme, yu'd better stre the fish in the refrigeratr if yu dn't ck it immediately, but fresh fish shuld be stred in yur fridge fr nly a day r tw. Frzen fish isn't as tasty as the fresh ne.
There are many cmmn methds used t ck fish. 20 First, clean it and seasn it with the spices(香料) f yur chice. Put the whle fish n a plate and steam it in a steam pt fr 8 t 10 minutes if it weighs abut ne pund(A larger ne will take mre time.). Then, it's ready t serve.
A.D nt buy it.
B.The easiest is t steam it.
C.This is hw yu can d it.
D.It just requires a little knwledge.
E.The fish will g bad within hurs.
F.When buying fish, yu shuld first smell it.
G.The fats in fish are thught t help prevent heart disease.
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I'm part f the Rts & Shts prgramme, funded by Dr. Jane Gdall, DBE. It's all abut making 21 changes in the wrld, and these changes will make the wrld better. As Dr. Gdall said, “What yu d makes a difference and yu have t decide what kind f difference yu want t make.”
I decided t d smething 22 fr the wrld.
In Bulgaria,where I live,stray(走失的;无主的) dgs are everywhere. Althugh many peple can turn a blind eye, I struggle t 23 the sulful(凄婉的,脉脉含情的) eyes f a pr street dg. That's why I'm n lnger a fd-waster. When I see plates f 24 fd, I see the desperate eyes f a stray animal. I see a 25 dg prwling arund the bins, searching fr fd t fill his empty belly. 26 eating ut in a restaurant, I'm nt afraid t 27 a fd bag with leftvers. When there are living beings ut there 28 , it seems selfish t waste fd. I'll feed them t the stray cats r dgs. A week ag, I saw a stray dg arund the bins. Hurs earlier, I'd bagged up a plate f 29 fish. As I unwrapped it, he wagged his tail and sniffed the air. The fish was 30 in n time.
It's sad, isn't it? Hw can we waste s much fd and think 31 f it?These hmeless animals have taught me that fd is precius and it isn't right t waste it. When yur stmach is full, dn't thrw away the fd yu've left. 32 it fr anther whse stmach isn't full.
I can't cunt the times I've passed a stray animal with eyes asking fr 33 . Fr me, it's smething I can't ignre. That is why I 34 end up fetching smething frm the fd stre if I haven't anything n me at the time.
The next time yu see wasted fd, 35 it int wrthy fd fr all the starving muths ut there.
B.psitive C.great D.pssible
B.imprtant
C.interesting D.useful
B.ntice C.realize D.meet
B.wasted
C.spiled D.piled
B.wild C.weak D.angry
if B.As if
C.In case D.As well as
B.get C.take D.fill
B.starving C.dying D.barking
B.cked C.spared D.shared
B.swept
C.lst D.gne
B.nthing C.well D.badly
B.Wrap C.Save D.Leave
B.mney C.advice D.help
B.always C.still D.actually
B.break C.cver D.make
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Severe lcust(蝗虫) attacks in India and Pakistan have greatly damaged fd crps, which might lead t a 30—50 percent 36 (reduce) in fd crps. Accrding t ne recent reprt 37 (issue) by the United Natins, the wrld is n the verge f the wrst fd crisis in fifty years. 38 reprt frm the Natinal Bureau f Statistics shws that 39 ttal amunt f wasted fd is 50 billin kilgrams, 40 can feed 350 millin peple a year. Glbally, sme envirnmentalists say the waste f fd is als a waste f water, land, energy and ther earth resurces, 41 (result) in greenhuse gas emissins(排放) and ther frms f 42 (envirnment) pllutin. Last week, Chinese President Xi Jinping 43 (call) n the natin t maintain a sense f crisis abut fd security. In rder t put an end t the wastage f fd, a “Clean Plate Campaign” has been launched in China. 44 respnse t the natinwide campaign, the China Cnsumers' Assciatin (CCA) has als called n the Chinese peple nt t waste fd while eating ut. Meanwhile, sme ther rganizatins have cme up with creative ways 45 (help) peple frm healthy fd rdering habits.
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
41. 42. 43. 44. 45.
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假如你是李华,你的英国朋友Jim对中国的饮食文化很感兴趣,并将在春节期间来中国游玩,请你写一封邮件给他。邮件内容包括:
1.春节饮食习俗;
2.推荐一道你家乡的特色菜。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.开头和结尾已给岀,不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
I am very glad t hear frm yu and delighted t knw that yu are interested in Chinese fd.
Lking frward t meeting yu sn!
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Kindness is everywhere in ur life. Sme f us are just thankful and sme help a lt.
When brwsing WeChat r ther apps, there must be a few peple asking fr help like “Oh, I frgt t bring my bk back.Can yu take a picture f the text?” It's nthing at all fr us t d mre than lifting a finger, but mst times, many peple chse t turn ff their phnes r pretend that they didn't see the nte. There will be smebdy wh answers him smehw, but he desn't need t be me. Thinking f that, we wn't be srry fr him.
But when we're really in need, it's such a kindness f him t reply quickly.
It was a beautiful sunny spring day. I had just finished driving my daughter t the airprt t catch an early mrning flight. My sns and I then went t a fast fd restaurant fr breakfast befre heading back hme. After eating we all gt int the car and pulled ut f the parking lt.
The restaurant was at the very tp f a hill. At the bttm f the hill was a stp sign s we fund urselves at the end f a lng line f waiting traffic while the cars at the bttm turned nt the main rad ne at a time.
As I lked dwn t the bttm f the hill my eyes saw an elderly man standing by the stp sign. His clthes were ld and wrn. He held a cardbard sign with the wrds “Need Help Please!” written n it.
My heart went ut t him and I imagined myself in his situatin.
As car after car turned nt the rad withut stpping fr him,I reached fr my wallet t lk fr whatever cash that was left in it.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
As I was pulling it ut f my pcket, thugh, I saw a yung wman walk up t him alng the side f the rad.
Paragraph 2:
By the time I reached the bttm f the hill, bth the elderly man and the lady wh had helped him were gne.
答案全解全析
单元达标检测
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文。大多数人都想吃得健康,但是有时候选择好食物很难,本文介绍了几个帮助人们改善饮食的应用软件,以供读者选择。
1.A 细节理解题。根据Open Table中的“Open Table users can als make reservatins directly thrugh the app r website.”可知,这一软件可以帮助人们预订桌位。故选A。
2.B 细节理解题。根据Lcal Eats中的“Restaurant chains, like McDnald's, can be fund almst anywhere a persn might travel. But smetimes turists want t eat like lcals.”可知,连锁餐厅,就像麦当劳一样,几乎可以在任何一个人可能去旅游的地方找到。 但有时游客想像当地人一样吃饭,所以这一软件适合游客。故选B。
3.C 推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句中的“there are apps that can help peple learn abut the fd they eat t imprve their diets”可知,本文介绍这几个应用软件的目的是帮助人们改善饮食,使饮食更健康。故选C。选项A与本文信息无关;选项B“成为更好的厨师”与选项D“做出美味的食物”意思接近,均指厨师提高厨艺,这与第二个应用软件Epicurius有关,但不是本文的目的。
【高频词汇】 1.be based n基于…… 2.reservatin n.预订;预约 3.ppularity n.受欢迎;流行;普及 4.search fr寻找
5.be designed fr为……而设计
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过自己的减肥经历介绍了减肥方式的变化,并说明了现在流行的禁食减肥的好处。
4.D 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“figure ut hw many calries in a bwl f...”可知作者在计算自己吃的食物的热量,并且文章第二段中的“But after a week r s f recrding every meal and snack and calculating the calries, I had had enugh.”又进一步进行了说明,作者是由于计算每顿饭和零食的热量而感到恼怒。故选D。本题容易误选B,考生可能根据“figure ut hw many calries were in a bwl f hmemade ygurt and fruit”,误认为作者因一碗自制酸奶和水果含有很高的卡路里而恼火,忽视了作者对天天都这样计算的反感。A项“她的身体不如运动员的强壮”;C项“Weight Watchers meeting对她来说是没有必要的”。
5.A 词义猜测题。上文作者说自己曾通过控制摄入食物的热量来减肥,后来她坚持不下去了。根据画线词所在句中的“I went back t my rutine f”和“and let that be that”可推知,此处表达的是“我回到了过去的生活方式——想吃什么就吃什么,跑跑步,滑滑雪……。”chewing whatever I wanted意为“吃任何我想吃的东西”,故A项正确。
6.C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Nw fasting is ppular. The ways t keep fit vary:n the day...”可知,现在人们减肥的方法是禁食,禁食的方法分为“每周型”和“每日型”,故C项正确。A项“他们限制摄入的热量”;B项“他们只会减肥”;D项“他们每天吃得足够多”。
7.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“ in the lab in humans, they saw imprvements in a number f signs that indicated the risk f sme diseases hard t cure.”可知,研究人员发现在长年的少量进食后,人类患上顽疾的风险会降低,故B项正确。本题容易误选A,认为吃得少,能够延缓衰老,但这是研究者对动物的研究发现,与在实验室里对人类的研究发现不同。C项“现在人们已经停止减肥了”,D项“人们计算每顿饭的卡路里”,这两项均不是研究者的研究结果。
【高频词汇】 1.figure ut 算出 2.annyed adj.烦恼的
3.trend n.趋势 4.calculate v.计算 5.rutine n.常规,惯例
6.wrkut n.锻炼 7.at least至少 8.take in摄入;吸收;领会;欺骗
长难句分析
原句 Researchers have fund that animals like mnkeys age mre slwly after years f eating less, and in the lab in humans, they saw imprvements in a number f signs that indicated the risk f sme diseases hard t cure.
分析 句中并列连词and连接两个并列分句。在第一个分句中fund后面是一个由that引导的宾语从句;第二个分句中signs后面是一个that引导的定语从句。
句意 研究人员发现,像猴子这样的动物,在多年少吃之后衰老得更慢,并且在实验室里,在人类身上,他们发现了许多表明某些难以治愈的疾病的风险的迹象有所改善。
C
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。许多人认为健康饮食比购买垃圾食品更昂贵,但是发表在《BMC公共卫生》上的新研究表明事实并非如此。
8.A 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“Less than 7% f Australians eat healthily.”可知,不到7%的澳大利亚人饮食健康。所以超过93%的澳大利亚人饮食不健康。由此推断出大多数的澳大利亚人饮食不健康。故选A。选项C“大部分澳大利亚的孩子有肥胖问题”,这与第二段最后一句中的ne-quarter f children are verweight不相符; 选项B提到的“一半的澳大利亚人以垃圾食品为生”,数量不对;选项D“澳大利亚人喜欢吃甜食”文中没有提到。
9.B 推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“We cllected fd prices in supermarkets and stres in high and lw sci-ecnmic areas in Brisbane, and cmpared the diet prices with family incmes.”可知,研究人员收集了布里斯班社会经济水平高的和水平低的地区的超市和商店的食品价格,并将饮食价格与家庭收入进行了比较。由此推断出研究人员是通过比较才得出这个结果的。故选B项。选项A“通过在线研究”;选项C“通过进行采访”;选项D“通过问个人问题”。
10.A 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“In bth areas, a family f tw adults and tw children spends abut 18% mre n present diets than it wuld be required t buy healthy diets.”可知,在这两个地区,一个有两个成年人和两个孩子的家庭在目前饮食上的花费比购买健康饮食所需要的多18%。所以我们可以从第四段了解到健康的饮食实际上更便宜。故选A。选项B“澳大利亚的食物正变得越来越健康”;选项C“人们选择垃圾食品是因为它们价格低廉”;选项D“健康食品正变得越来越贵”。
11.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知,目前的饮食比健康的饮食花费更多,所以价格肯定不是导致人们偏好不健康饮食的原因。由此推断出接下来的段落是关于为什么人们选择垃圾食品。故选C。选项A“垃圾食品的危害”;选项B“我们如何才能健康饮食”;选项D“健康饮食的优点”均不能与本文最后一段内容相衔接。
【高频词汇】 1.publish v.发表 将……花费在……上 3.as a result结果 对比……和……
5.including prep.包括 6.drive v.驱使;激励;促进;迫使
7.preference n.偏爱;喜好
D
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章为父母提供了一些方法可以帮助挑食的孩子们吃得健康,从而避免在餐桌上发生争吵。
12.C 细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“In this article, she shares her experience as a child wh was a picky eater. She prvides sme useful views fr parents wh have children that are very picky abut what fds they will eat.”可知,她在这篇文章中向有挑食的孩子的父母分享了一些方法。故选C。选项A“为帮助孩子们吃得健康她写了一本书”与文章内容不符;选项B“她给《纽约时报》写的文章是在冬天写的”与第二段第一句中的wrte an August 2015信息相悖;选项D“她挑食的经历一度使她的父母很恼火”文中没有出现此信息。
13.D 细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句“The cmmand t ‘clean yur plate’ can end up teaching children that it is nrmal t cntinue eating after their stmach is full. This habit may cntinue int adulthd, and can lead t verweight bdies r fd disrders.”可知,“清空盘子”的指令最终可能会教导孩子们在他们的肚子饱了之后继续吃东西,这种习惯或许会延续到成年,并可能导致身体超重或饮食失调,这是一种坏的饮食习惯。故选D。选项A“根本不起作用”;选项B“导致孩子胃疼”;选项C“以孩子们厌恶吃东西而结束”。
14.A 细节理解题。根据第四段最后三句“One very simple methd is t ffer yur children a small amunt f newly intrduced fd. A large amunt can seem intimidating. One r tw bites might feel less ‘scary’ t try.”可知,父母想让孩子尝试一种新食物时,应该给他们一次提供较少的份量。故选A。选项B“给他们所有的食物”;选项C“告诉他们这里面的成分”;选项D“减少这里面糖的含量”。
15.D 细节理解题。根据第五段第三句“One way t be a healthier eater is t reduce the amunt f sugar a persn eats.” 可知,成为一个更健康的饮食者的一个方法是减少一个人吃的糖的量。故选D。选项A“让他吃光所有的食物”;选项B“只吃有机食品”;选项C“购买加工过的食品”。
【高频词汇】 1.invlve v.牵涉;牵连 2.apprach n.方法
3.experience n.经历;经验;体验 4.turn ut证明是;结果是
5.end up ding sth.以做某事结束 6.lead t导致;引起
7.ffer v.提供 8.instructins n.用法说明;操作指南
长难句分析
原句 Mst parents realize that a diet f sda and candy isn't a healthy chice, but what shuld they d if their children are picky eaters wh refuse fruit and vegetables?
分析 句中的连词but连接两个并列分句。第一个分句中that引导宾语从句;第二个分句是一个特殊疑问句,其中if引导条件状语从句,该从句中又含有wh引导的定语从句。
句意 大多数父母都意识到苏打水和糖果构成的饮食不是一个健康的选择,但是如果他们的孩子是拒绝水果和蔬菜的挑食的人,他们该怎么办呢?
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文为说明文,介绍了买鱼和烹饪鱼的小窍门。
16.G 细节句。上句提到鱼对人的健康有益,本句是对上句的解释说明(如何有益),G项“人们认为鱼的脂肪有助于预防心脏病”符合语境。故选G。
17.D 细节句。上句指出购买、储存和烹饪鱼并不是难事。本句承接上句,D项“它只需要一点儿知识”符合语境。故选D。
18.F 主旨句。下文指出了新鲜的鱼和不新鲜的鱼都有什么气味,由此可判断F项为主题句,意为“买鱼时应该先闻闻味道”。故选F。
19.A 细节句。上句指出有鱼腥味或者味儿很大的鱼不新鲜,本句承接上句,指出“不要购买这样的鱼”,故A项正确。
20.B 过渡句。上文指出做鱼的方法有很多种,根据下文出现的steam可知此处介绍清蒸的方法,B项“最简单的方法就是清蒸”符合语境。故选B。
【高频词汇】 1.stre v.贮存;保存 2.immediately adv.立即 3.cmmn adj.通常的;普通的 用……给……调味 5.weigh v.有……重;重;称重量 6.serve v.上(菜、饮料);提供;为……服务 7.prevent v.预防;阻止
长难句分析
原句 When yu have bught a fish and arrive hme, yu'd better stre the fish in the refrigeratr if yu dn't ck it immediately, but fresh fish shuld be stred in yur fridge fr nly a day r tw.
分析 本句为并列复合句。but连接两个并列分句,在第一个分句中When引导时间状语从句,if引导条件状语从句。
句意 你买完鱼回到家后,如果不立即烹饪的话,最好把它储存在冰箱里,但是鲜鱼应该只在冰箱中存放一两天。
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过自己喂流浪狗的经历号召我们,不要把吃剩下的食物扔掉而应该保留下来,给流浪动物吃。
21.B 根据下文and these changes will make the wrld better可知,这个项目号召人们做出会让这个世界变得更好的改变,即“积极的”改变。relative相对的;great伟大的;pssible可能的。
22.D 从下文作者所做的事情可知,他决定做“有用的”事情。inspiratinal鼓舞人心的,启发灵感的;imprtant重要的;interesting有趣的。
23.A 此处作者说明自己很难“忽视”那些流浪狗凄婉的眼神。ntice注意到;realize实现;meet遇到,见面。
24.B 根据上文可知,作者不再浪费食物,因此看到“浪费的”食物时,就想起流浪动物极度渴望的眼睛。untuched未食用的;spiled变质的;piled堆放的。
25.C 根据语境可知,流浪狗在垃圾箱中寻找食物,因此推断它因为饥饿而变得“虚弱”。fierce凶猛的,凶狠的,凶残的;wild野的;野生的;angry生气的。
26.A 作者“即使”在餐馆里吃饭,也会带食物给流浪狗。as if好像;in case以防万一;as well as也。
27.D 根据语境可知,此处表示作者把袋子“装满”吃剩的食物。buy购买;get得到;take拿走。
28.B 根据语境可知,当有些动物在“挨饿”时,浪费食物是自私的行为。run跑; die死; bark (狗)吠叫。
29.A 根据语境和常识可知,此处表示作者把一盘“吃剩的”鱼装在袋子里。cked烹饪好的;spared留出的;shared共享的。
30.D 此处表示狗很快把鱼吃光了,be gne表示“不见了”。swallw吞咽;sweep打扫,清扫;lse丢失,失去。
31.B 作者强调,我们怎么能浪费那么多食物还“觉得这无所谓”呢?think nthing f表示“觉得……无所谓”。
32.C 作者号召我们,不要把吃剩的食物扔掉而应该“保留”下来,给流浪动物吃。put放置;wrap包,裹;leave留下,离开。
33.D 此处表示作者经过流浪动物时多次看到它们寻求“帮助”的眼神。mercy宽恕,仁慈;mney钱;advice建议。
34.B 作者很同情流浪动物,因此如果自己身上没带食物,就“总是”去食品店带食物给它们。seldm很少;still仍然;actually实际上。
35.A 作者最后强调,下一次你看到浪费的食物时,把它们“变成”有用的食物,给饥饿的流浪动物吃。break打破;cver覆盖;make制造。
【高频词汇】 1.make a difference起使用;有影响 2.struggle v.努力;吃力地进行 3.desperate adj.绝望的;(因绝望而)不惜冒险的,不顾一切的,拼命的 4.selfish adj.自私的 5.in n time立即;马上 6.precius adj.宝贵的,珍贵的 7.cunt v.计算
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界粮食安全问题以及中国为此做出的努力。
36.reductin 考查名词。句意:……这可能造成粮食作物30%—50%的减少。设空处作lead t的宾语,且由冠词a修饰,应用reduce的名词形式reductin。
37.issued 考查过去分词作定语。该句中已有谓语动词,此处要用非谓语动词,reprt与issue之间为逻辑上的被动关系,应用过去分词,构成过去分词短语作后置定语。
38.Anther 考查代词。前句中出现了Accrding t ne recent reprt,结合习惯用法“一个……另一个……”(此处表泛指的另一个)可知,此处要用anther,设空处位于句首,首字母大写。故填Anther。
39.the 考查冠词。根据is 50 billin kilgrams可知,此处是固定用法the amunt f...表示“……的数量”。故填the。
40.which 考查非限制性定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,关系词指代前面的50 billin kilgrams,且在从句中作主语,所以要用关系代词which。
41.resulting 考查现在分词作状语。上文the waste f fd is als a waste f water, land, energy and ther earth resurces是原因,而此处是导致的结果,应用现在分词作结果状语。
42.envirnmental 考查形容词。此处修饰名词pllutin,应用形容词作定语。故填envirnmental。
43.called 考查时态。此处是谓语动词,结合本句中的时间状语Last week可知,要用一般过去时。
44.In 考查介词。固定短语in respnse t...意为“对……的回应”,位于句首介词in首字母大写。
45.t help 考查不定式作状语。句意:同时,一些其他的组织已经提出创造性的方法来帮助人们形成健康的点餐习惯。提出方法是为了帮助人们形成习惯,此处表目的,要用不定式。故填t help。
【高频词汇】 1.attack n.& v.攻击;袭击 2.crisis n.危机;危急关头;危难时刻 3.result in导致;结果是 4.greenhuse gas温室气体 5.maintain v.保持;维持;维修;保养 6.in respnse t对……的回应 7.cme up with想出,提出(计划、想法等)
8.creative adj.创造(性)的;有创造力的;创作的
长难句分析
原句 Glbally, sme envirnmentalists say the waste f fd is als a waste f water, land, energy and ther earth resurces, resulting in greenhuse gas emissins and ther frms f envirnmental pllutin.
分析 句中动词say后是省略了连接词that的宾语从句;现在分词短语resulting in...作结果状语。
句意 从全球来看,一些环保人士说,浪费粮食也是浪费水、土地、能源和其他地球资源,会导致温室气体排放和其他形式的环境污染。
第三部分 写作
第一节
One pssible versin:
Dear Jim,
I am very glad t hear frm yu and delighted t knw that yu are interested in Chinese fd.
During the Spring Festival, it's a traditin fr families t get tgether and have a big meal. Hwever, the fd custms vary frm place t place. In the nrth f China, dumplings are the typical fd, which represent change and gd luck. In cntrast, in the suthern part, it's a great time t eat tangyuan. They are sticky rice balls with different fillings. Tangyuan sunds like tuanyuan in Chinese, which means “family reunin”. When yu cme t Beijing, Beijing Rast Duck is what yu can't miss. I bet it will be an unfrgettable experience fr yu.
Lking frward t meeting yu sn!
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节
One pssible versin:
Paragraph 1:
As I was pulling it ut f my pcket, thugh, I saw a yung wman walk up t him alng the side f the rad. She was carrying a bag full f fd taken ut frm the fast fd restaurant where I had breakfast with my sns just nw. Then she handed it t the ld man and gave him a hug. The ld man thanked the yung wman with a smile. Suddenly a lud hnk frm the car behind me made me realize that I hadn't been mving frward, because this simple chice fr kindness had captured my attentin and my heart.
Paragraph 2:
By the time I reached the bttm f the hill, bth the elderly man and the lady wh had helped him were gne. Yet, as I drve hme the sun seemed t shine even mre brightly. A chice is such a pwerful thing. Each day we are given a chice. It can tuch a heart and change a life. May yu make all f yurs f kindness. May yu make yur whle life a chice fr lve, help and jy.1.A
2.B
3.C
4.D
5.A
6.C
7.B
8.A
9.B
10.A
11.C
12.C
13.D
14.A
15.D
16.G
17.D
18.F
19.A
20.B
21.B
22.D
23.A
24.B
25.C
26.A
27.D
28.B
29.A
30.D
31.B
32.C
33.D
34.B
35.A
写作指导
故事
要素
Time
a beautiful sunny spring day
Place
a stp sign, at the bttm f the hill
Character
the authr, the authr's children, an elderly man, a yung wman
What
An elderly man standing by the stp sign asked the peple fr help.
情节
Beginning
介绍文章话题——善良
Develpment
把女儿送到机场后,作者和儿子去了一家快餐店。他们在那里吃了饭,然后开车离开了停车场。餐馆在山顶上,山脚下有一个停车标志,所以他们发现自己走到了一长列等候的汽车的尽头。作者向山下望去,看见一个衣衫褴褛的老人站在停车标志旁边。他举着一个硬纸板牌子,上面写着:“请帮忙!”当一辆接一辆的汽车在没有为他停车的情况下驶上公路时,作者伸手去摸他的钱包,看看里面有没有剩下的现金。
续写
方向
Para.1
As I was pulling it ut f my pcket, thugh, I saw a yung wman walk up t him alng the side f the rad.
①What did the yung wman ffer t the elderly man?
②What did the elderly man d?
③What happened t the authr?
Para.2
By the time I reached the
bttm f the hill, bth the elderly man and the lady wh had helped him were gne.
What did the authr feel?
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