人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 3 Food and Culture学案

Unit 3 Food and Culture Reading and Thinking

【词汇知识·自主学习】

Ⅰ. 根据语境写出正确的单词

1. Chinese cuisine　　　   中国菜肴

2. prior survey      先前的调查

3. hot red pepper     红辣椒

4. with the help of the head chef  在厨师长的帮助下

5. the smelly stuff     臭臭的东西

6. a slice of bread     一片面包

7. Chinese green onion    大葱

8. lamb kebab      烤羊肉串

9. elegant dim sum     精致的点心

10. the exceptional stewed noodles  特色烩面

11. a minimum age limit   最低年龄限制

12. the kinds of food local people consume

         当地人吃的食物种类

13. the flavor of garlic    大蒜的味道

14. chicken and bacon    鸡肉和熏猪肉

15. a ham sandwich     火腿三明治

16. home-made sausage   自制香肠

17. Chinese cabbage     大白菜

18. Stewed chick with mushroom 鸡炖蘑菇

Ⅱ. 根据语境用恰当的介、副词填空

1. Study the example and refer to the explanation below.

2. He sliced the top off his finger while he was cutting vegetables.

3. Prior to the Spring Festival,  lots of activities will be well-prepared,  such as making dumplings and setting off fireworks.

4. The factory tried its best to keep pollution at a minimum.

5. The lecture will last from 8 a. m.  to 11 a. m. ,  mainly consisting of three parts.

Ⅲ. 根据课文及汉语意思提示补全句子

1. Tell me what you eat,  and I will tell you what you are.  

告诉我你吃什么, 我就能说出你是个什么样的人。

2. On the other hand,  it does tell us a lot about Americans.  

另一方面, 它确实告诉我们很多关于美国人的事情。

3. When my family and I had just arrived in China,  we went looking for a good place to eat in Beijing.  

我和家人一到中国, 就在北京找一个吃饭的好去处。

4. The food was wonderful and different,  but what was even more important was the friendship offered us.  

食物很棒, 也很有特色, 但更重要的是我们收获了友谊。

5. What we can say,  however,  is that culture and cuisine go hand in hand,  and if you do not experience one,  you can never really know the other. 然而, 我们可以确定的是, 文化和美食这两者息息相关, 如果你没有体验过其中之一, 你就永远无法真正了解另一个。 

根据给出的构词规则写出下列单词

1. 后缀“-al”常加于名词之后构成形容词。

exception → exceptional adj. 特别的, 例外的

person →personal adj. 个人的

continent →continental adj. 大陆的

region →regional adj. 地区性的

emotion →emotional adj. 情绪的

2. “动词+of”构成的短语

consist of　　　　由……组成(或构成)

dream of   梦想; 梦见

complain of  抱怨, 申诉

think of   想起, 记起

【阅读精析·合作学习】

　Task 1　框架宏观建构: 整体理解 

1. Skim the passage and fill in the blanks

2. What’s the main idea of this passage?

The passage is mainly about the food representing people’s personality,  character and culture.  

【寻技巧·提能力】

理解因果关系

　　因果关系就是两个或多个事件之间的因果联系。它可以是前因后果或前果后因式的联系, 也可以是一因一果、一因多果、一果多因等的联系。一些直接的因果关系可以通过连词, 如because,  so,  for,  since,  thus,  therefore,  as a result 等做出判断。一些不明显的因果关系则需要理解上下文的逻辑意义才能做出判断。

　Task 2　文本微观剖析:  细节探究 

1. Choose the best answer.

(1)Why does the author cite “you are what you eat” in Paragraph 1? 

A. To introduce the theme of the article.

B. To persuade people to eat healthy food.

C. To show the impact of food on health.

D. To prove culture has little to do with cuisine.

(2)What does the author think of General Tso’s chicken tasted in America? 

A. It is delicious.

B. It is not authentic.

C. It is too spicy.

D. It shows Chinese culture.

(3)What impressed the author and his family more in a Sichuan restaurant? 

A. The spicy food they ate.

B. Sichuan peppercorns.

C. The friendship they felt.

D. The new experience.

(4)What does the author find from eating dumplings in Shandong? 

A. Dumplings have to be eaten with vinegar.

B. Dumplings are the most popular in Shandong.

C. Everyone in Shandong can make dumplings.

D. Making dumplings is a family gathering.

(5)What does the author find different people in China have in common? 

A. They are all particular about food.

B. They are all good at making food.

C. They all show friendship and kindness.

D. They are all proud of their food and culture.

答案: (1)～(5)ABCDC

Reread the passage and fill in the blanks.

课文语法填空

　　As the saying (1)goes(go), “You are what you eat. ” which means food is (2)associated(associate) with our personality, character and culture. In fact, in many ways this seems to be true.

I had a chance (3)to experience(experience) Chinese food by travelling in China. When I ate in a Sichuan restaurant, I not only tasted the authentic Chinese food (4)but felt the friendship of Sichuan people. In Shandong, I learned that (5)making(make) dumplings offers a good chance for people to have a family get-together, to (6)which people there attach great (7)importance(important). As people in Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia like to wander the open range on (8)horses(horse), they usually roast meat over an open fire.  

I also learned that people in the south of China are particular (9)about food, and people in central part of China cook noodles in a special way.

I met different people and experienced different food in China. I think that I (10)have known(know) more about Chinese culture than before after tasting so many of their cuisines.  

2. Long sentence analysis.

1. 根据课文语境与语句知识细致解构语句

(1)Tired,  hungry,  and not knowing a word of 

　形容词、分词短语作状语

Chinese, we had no idea how to order, so 

　　　　　主句　　　　同位语　从属连词

the chef just began filling our table with the best food  

　　从句中的主句

we had ever eaten.  

从句中的定语从句

译文: 又累又饿, 而且一个汉字也不认识, 我们压根儿不知道如何点餐, 于是厨师在我们桌上摆满了食物, 那是我们吃过的最可口的佳肴。

(2)It has become a favourite traditional dish of the 

　　　　　　　　主句

people in North China, where making dumplings has always 

　　　　　　　　　定语从句　动名词短语作从句主语

been a family affair with everyone—from the youngest to 

　　　　　　　　with的复合结构作状语

the oldest—joining in to help.  

译文: 它(饺子)已经成为中国北方人民最喜爱的传统菜肴, 在那里包饺子一直是一项家庭活动, 从最年轻的到最年长的, 每个人都参与进来帮忙。

Task 3　阅读思维升华: 主题实践 

1. In China,  if one is fond of having spicy food,  which area might this person be from?  What kind of character may he or she have? (Logical Thinking 逻辑性思维)

This person might be from Hunan or Sichuan Province. He or she must be bold and forceful.  

2. Do you agree with the idea that “culture and cuisine go hand in hand”? (Critical Thinking批判性思维)

Yes. Basically,  it’s true. Because different cuisines are created depending on different weather,  produce,  religion and other factors.  

【要点精研·探究学习】

1. prior adj. 先前的; 优先的

*What did you do prior to coming here? 

你来这里之前做什么工作?

*This task is prior to all others.

这项任务要比所有其他任务优先完成。

*It’s a priority to respect our parents. 首先要尊敬我们的父母。

*Fire engines have/take priority over other traffic.

消防车比其他车辆有优先通行权。

【词块积累】

(1)prior to 　　　   在……之前的, 先于

(2)be prior to      在……前面, 优先

(3)a priority to     ……的优先权

(4)have/take priority over  有……的优先权

　　　　　　【知识延伸】

表示“在……之前”的词汇还有:

before  prep. 在……之前, 先于

ahead of 在……之前

in advance  预先; 提前

(1)语法填空

①Prior to taking (take) a working holiday abroad you will need to do a number of things.

②Now he must make it a priority (prior)to fix the deeply broken system. 

(2)They insist that the right to live should take priority over all other considerations.  

他们坚持认为, 生存权利应放在其他一切考虑因素之上。

2. consist vi. 由……组成/构成; 在于

*(2019·浙江高考) Rock music consists of many different styles.

摇滚乐由许多不同的风格组成。

*Happiness consists in serving the people.

幸福在于为人民服务。

*Our deeds must consist with our words.

我们必须言行一致。

【词块积累】

consist of 　　　 由……组成

consist in    在于; 存在于

consist with  与……一致; 并存

　　　　　　【知识延伸】

(1)表示“由……组成”的短语还有:

be made up of,  be composed of

(2)表示“在于”的同义短语是: lie in

Happiness consists in contentment. 知足常乐。

(1)语法填空

①Life consists of not only sunshine but also hard times.

②I was surprised to find the bike didn’t consist with what you advertised.

(2)同义替换

Success lies in (=consists in) industry and modesty.  

3. stuff vt. 填满; 把……塞进 n.  东西; 物品; 材料; 填充物

*We stuffed the bag with old clothes.

我们用旧衣服塞满这个包。

*The pillow is stuffed with feathers.

枕头里塞满了羽毛。

*I don’t want to eat pepper and stuff.

我不想吃胡椒什么的。

【词块积累】

(1)stuff. . . with. . .  用……填满/塞满……

(2)be stuffed with   塞满了, 挤满了

(3)and stuff     诸如此类

(1)语法填空

①Giving hongbao,  red envelopes stuffed (stuff) with money,  at weddings has been a tradition in China.

②This is the drawer where I keep paper,  envelopes and stuff.

(2)同义替换

The buses are always crowded with passengers during the rush hours.

=The buses are always stuffed with passengers during the rush hours.  

4. slice n. (切下的食物)薄片 vt. 把……切成薄片

*Put some butter on a slice of bread and add a teaspoon of butter.

在一片面包上放一些黄油, 再加一茶匙的黄油。

*(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Jenna found the bread and put two slices into the egg mixture. 珍娜找到了面包, 把两片放入鸡蛋混合物中。

*He sliced a big piece off the bacon.

他切下一大块熏猪肉。

*If you have a juicer,  you can simply feed in frozen bananas and some berries or sliced fruit.

如果你有榨汁机, 你可以仅仅放入冷冻香蕉和一些浆果或切片水果。

【词块积累】

(1) a slice of 　　　 一片

(2) slice. . . off   把……切下来

sliced fruit    切片水果

slice. . . into slices  把……切成薄片

【巧学助记】

The beef is roasted in an oven until cooked and then sliced into slices.

牛肉在烤箱里烤熟, 然后被切成薄片。

类似短语:

chip off   切下; 削去

chop off   砍掉

cut off    切断; 中断

cut out    裁剪; 删去; 关掉

cut away   切掉, 砍掉

(1)语法填空

①There are two slices (slice) of turkey on the table.

②I usually buy sliced (slice) bread—it’s less bother.

(2)At first, I sliced the green vegetable into pieces.  

首先, 我把绿色蔬菜切成片。

(3)The 33-year-old enjoyed a small slice of history by becoming the first Chinese mainland golfer.  

33岁的他成为了中国大陆首位高尔夫球手, 这也为他创造了一小段历史。

5. exceptional adj. 特别的; 罕见的

*(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)We will wander in traditional small towns and end our tour with an exceptional museum in Shanghai.

我们将在传统的小城镇里漫步, 并在上海的一个特别的博物馆结束我们的旅行。

*Everyone should help clean this room and you are no exception.

每个人都应帮忙打扫房间, 而你也不例外。

*We all laughed,  with the exception of Jerry.

除了杰瑞, 我们都笑了。

【词块积累】

(1)exceptional performance/circumstances/measures/ ability. . . 非同一般的表现/情况/措施/能力等

(2)except 　　  prep. 除……之外

except for    除了……以外; 要不是由于

except that. . .   只可惜; 除了……之外

(3)exception   n. 例外; 异议

with the exception of 除了……以外

no exception   无一例外

(4)exceptionally   adv. 异常地; 特殊地; 例外地

(1)语法填空

①Gregory is exceptionally (exceptional) good at computer programming.

②All passed the examination with the exception of two students.

③The senior executive said the P40 series will be available in all markets except for the United States, Brazil and Republic of Korea.

(2)Exceptional children are different in some ways from others of the same age.  

特别的孩子在某些方面与其同龄人不同。

6. consume vt. 吃; 喝; 饮; 消耗, 消费

*(2020·全国Ⅰ卷) Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US.

照明约占美国总耗电量的7%。

*The consumption of the resources on the earth is increasing at an alarming rate.

地球上资源的消耗正以惊人的速度增长。

*We should adopt the consumers’ reasonable suggestions.

我们应该采纳消费者的合理建议。

【词块积累】

(1)consume sth. 　　　 消耗/吃掉/花费某物

be consumed with   受……的折磨;  充满

(2)consumer    n. 消费者

consumption    n. 消耗; 消费

“吃”法有不同

eat普通用词, 既可用于人, 也可用于动物。

dine正式用词, 可指任何一餐, 也指特殊用餐。

have可与eat换用, 但强调一次性的动作。

consume侧重痛痛快快地吃得一干二净。

swallow主要指 “咽”, 常指匆匆忙忙地吃。

【熟词生义】

The fire soon consumed the old wooden buildings in the neighborhood.  (vt. 烧毁;  毁灭)

大火很快烧毁了附近的旧木房子。

(1)语法填空

①There is no denying that such ratings might bring convenience to consumers (consume).

②Computers account for 5% of the country’s commercial electricity consumption (consume).

③Alcohol can damage the liver and do great harm if consumed (consume) in large quantities.

(2)同义替换

I was suddenly full of (=consumed with) curiosity about him.  

7. Tired, hungry, and not knowing a word of Chinese, we had no idea how to order, so the chef just began filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten.  

又累又饿, 而且一个汉字也不认识, 我们压根儿不知道如何点餐, 于是厨师在我们桌上摆满了食物, 那是我们吃过的最可口的佳肴。

【句式解构】

形容词或形容词短语可以作状语, 表示方式、伴随、原因、时间、条件、让步等。

﹡(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)He had tried to coax the dog to him but,  frightened,  it had run off. (伴随)

他曾试图把狗哄到他身边, 但狗吓坏了, 跑掉了。

﹡Brave,  good and strong,  Xiulian is the character we care about most. (原因)

勇敢、善良、坚强, 秀莲是我们最关心的人物。

*Ripe,  these apples are sweet.

这些苹果熟了, 味道很甜。(时间/条件)

*Wet or fine,  he always gets up at six and takes a walk in the park.  

不管是晴天还是下雨天, 他总是六点钟起床, 并到公园里散散步。(让步)

(1)When the policeman stopped us,  we all looked questioningly at him,  nervous and puzzled(紧张又困惑).  

(2)Tom stared at the footprint, full of fear(充满了恐惧).  

(3)Angry with the girl for oversleeping,  Mr Green went down to wake her.  

格林先生下去叫醒她, 是因为这个女孩睡过了头惹恼了他。

8. On the other hand,  it does tell us a lot about Americans.  

另一方面, 它确实告诉我们很多关于美国人的事情。

【句式解构】

助动词does或do加在动词原形前面表示对谓语动词的强调, 它属于一般现在时的强调句式用法。如果是对一般过去时的强调, 则用助动词did。

﹡He does like singing.

他确实喜欢唱歌。

﹡Please!  Do be quiet a moment! 

求求你们!  安静一会儿!

﹡That’s exactly what Reed did say.

里德确实是那样说的。

【巧学助记】

(1)does+动词原形, 强调现在的动作(主语是单数形式)

(2)do+动词原形, 强调现在的动作(主语是复数形式)

(3)did+动词原形,  强调过去的动作(无单复数形式)

(1)I do hope that you won’t lose heart and will keep on learning Chinese.  

我真的希望你不要灰心, 继续学习中文。

(2)Sitting in front of the screen does damage the eyes and physical posture of children.  

坐在屏幕前确实会损害孩子的眼睛和身体姿势。

【要点拾遗】

1. elegant adj. 精美的, 文雅的; 讲究的

*He is one of the richest and most elegant gentlemen and lives an elegant life.

他是最富有、最优雅的绅士之一, 并且过着优雅的生活。

*The young woman is tall,  with a figure of perfect elegance.

这位年轻女士身材高挑, 举止优雅。

*Some advertisements are so elegantly presented that we are inspired or even moved.

有些广告是呈现得如此优雅, 以至于我们受到启发, 甚至被感动。

【词块积累】

(1)the elegant way  优雅的方式

elegant manners   举止优雅

(2)elegance   n. 优雅

(3)elegantly    adv. 优雅地

(1)语法填空

①The carpet adds an air of elegance (elegant) to the room.

②Jane danced the most elegantly (elegant) of all the students in the class.  

(2)(2019·天津高考) I was extremely inspired by the elegant way the words sounded.  

这句话优美的发音方式给了我极大的启发。

2. stable adj. 稳定的, 牢固的; 稳重的

*However,  his visit in his present condition will disturb the children’s stable life.

但是, 以他目前的状况来看, 他的来访会扰乱孩子们稳定的生活。

*Due to his negative behavior, he is always regarded as the most unstable element of the team.

由于他的消极行为, 他总被视为团队中最不稳定的因素。

【词块积累】

(1)stable life 　  稳定的生活

(2)unstable    adj. 不稳定的

(3)stability    n. 稳定

【易混辨析】

stable和steady在表示 “稳定” 或 “巩固” 方面有几乎相同的意思并常可互换。

stable更侧重“稳固, 固定, 不变”, 如 a stable table, a stable job。

steady更侧重“平稳, 规律性”, 如a steady increase, a steady wind, a steady speed。

语法填空

(1)Without this balance in the cycle,  the system becomes unstable (stable).

(2)The older generation of Chinese cares more about social stability (stable) while the younger generation cares more about education and environment.

拓视野·观天下

1. Prior to the pandemic,  we were already providing food to 250, 000 people a month—more than ever before in our history.

在疫情之前, 我们已经每月向25万人提供粮食——这是我们历史上的最高水平。

2. Each year it hosts many activities, such as forums on the Chinese economy and culture, Chinese cuisine festivals and Spring Festival gala.

每年它都会举办许多活动, 比如中国经济和文化论坛、中国烹饪节和春节联欢晚会。

3. In Chengdu, one of the UNESCO Creative Cities of Gastronomy, cuisine comes not only from elegant restaurants but also from street food.

成都是联合国教科文组织认定的美食创意城市之一, 这里的美食不仅来自优雅的餐馆, 还来自街头小吃。

4. Cantonese dim sum plays a crucial background role in everything from wontons to bean curd rolls. 广东点心, 在从云吞到豆腐卷的一切事物中都扮演着关键的背景角色。