高中英语人教版 (新课标)必修1&2Unit 1 Friendship当堂检测题

必修一Unit 1 Friendship reading课时作业

第一节 语法填空

  阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

    In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible ____1____ (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and ____2____ work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, ___3_____(lay) the track and then building a strong roof over___4_____ top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.

    Steam engines _____5___(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been___6_____(fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using____7____every day.

    Later, engineers ____8____(manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道）, which became known as the Tube. This development was only possible with the _____9___(introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The central London Railway was one of the most ____10____(success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.

【答案】

1. crowds；2. from；3. laying；4. the；5. were used；6. fairly；7. it；

8. managed；9. introduction ；10. successful

【解析】

⑴terrible的意思是糟糕的，是形容词的属性，所以用来修饰名词，而crowd是可数名词，前面没有冠词，故用复数表示泛指，故填crowds。

句意：1863年，世界上第一个地铁客站在伦敦开放。它只运行7公里，让人们避开上面的上下班时的拥挤的人群。

⑵这里考查一个短语：to and from work上下班。故填from。From...to，表示从...到

⑶句意：这个地铁花了三年时间才完工，用一种有趣的方法建的。这包括挖开路面，铺设铁轨然后在它的上面建一个结实的顶。根据and building可知是三个并列的动名词，故填laying。

⑷此处指在地铁的上面，是特指，故填the。

⑸句意：蒸汽机被用来牵引车厢。根据上下文可知指过去的被动，故填were used。

⑹句意：有那么多的烟和噪音，对于乘客们来说肯定是非常的令人不愉快的。此处修饰形容词unpleasant，故用副词fairly。

⑺句意：然而，地铁很快证明是非常成功的，在六个月内，超过2.5万人在每天用地铁。此处指地铁，故填it。

⑻句意：后来，工程师们设法在更深的隧道建铁路，这就是著名的管道运输。此处是句子的谓语，本文全篇都是一般过去时，所以这里也应用一般过去时，故填managed.

⑼句意：随着电动机和电梯的引进这个发展才变得可能。由the可知此处是名词，故填introduction。

⑽句意：伦敦中心地铁站是这些新的线路中最成功的。由the most可知用形容词构成最高级，故填successful。

第二节  阅读理解   

请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Usually, when your teacher asks a question, there is only one correct answer. But there is one question that has millions of current answers. That question is “What’s your name?” Everyone gives a different answer, but everyone is correct.

Have you ever wondered about people’s names? Where do they come from? What do they mean?

People’s first names, or given names, are chosen by their parents. Sometimes the name of a grandparent or other member of the family is used. Some parents choose the name of a well-known person. A boy could be named George Washington Smith; a girl could be named Helen Keller Jones.

Some people give their children names that mean good things. Clara means “bright”; Beatrice means “one who gives happiness”; Donald means “world ruler”; Leonard means “as brave as a lion”.

The earliest last names, or surnames, were taken from place names. A family with the name Brook or Brooks probably lived near brook(小溪)；someone who was called Longstreet probably lived on a long, paved road. The Greenwood family lived in or near a leafy forest.

Other early surnames came from people’s occupations. The most common occupational name is Smith, which means a person who makes things with iron or other metals. In the past, smiths were very important workers in every town and village. Some other occupational names are: Carter — a person who owned or drove a cart; Potter  —a person who made pots and pans.

The ancestors of the Baker family probably baked bread for their neighbors in their native village. The Carpenter’s great-great-great-grandfather probably built houses and furniture.

Sometimes people were known for the color of their hair or skin, or their size, or their special abilities. When there were two men who were named John in the same village, the John with the gray hair probably became John Gray. Or the John was very tall could call himself John Tallman. John Fish was probably an excellent swimmer and John Lightfoot was probably a fast runner or a good dancer.

Some family names were made by adding something to the father’s name. English-speaking people added –s or –son. The Johnsons are descendants of John; the Roberts family’s ancestor was Robert. Irish and Scottish people added Mac or Mc or O. Perhaps all of the MacDonnells and the McDonnells and the O’Donnells are descendants of the same Donnell.

1. Which of the following aspects do the surnames in the passage NOT cover?   

A. Places where people lived.       B. People’s characters.

C. Talents that people possessed.    D. People’s occupations.

2. According to the passage, the ancestors of the Potter family most probably _______.

A. owned or drove a cart           B. made things with metals

C. made kitchen tools or contains    D. built houses and furniture

3. Suppose and English couple whose ancestors lived near a leafy forest wanted their new-born son to become a world leader, the baby might be named _______.

A. Beatrice Smith            B. Leonard Carter

C. George Longstreet         D. Donald Greenwood

4. The underlined word “descendants” in the last paragraph means a person’s _____.  

A. later generations            B. friends and relatives

C. colleagues and partners       D. later sponsors

【参考答案】BCDA  

                           B

It is reported that conservation groups in North America have been arguing about the benefits and dangers of wolves. Some groups believe wolves should be killed. Other people believe wolves Must be protected so that they will not disappear from the wilderness(荒野).

                            For Killing Wolves

  In Alaska，the wolf almost disappeared a few years ago，because hunters were killing hundreds of them for sport .However．1aws were established to protect the wolves from sportsmen and people who catch the animals for their fur．So the wolf population has greatly increased. Now there are so many wolves that they are destroying their own food supply．

    A wolf naturally eats animals in the deer family. People in the wilderness also hunt deer for food．Many of the animals have been destroyed by the very cold winters recently and by changes in the wilderness plant life．When the deer can’t find enough food，they die．

   If the wolves continue to kill large numbers of deer，their prey(猎物)will disappear some day. And the wolves will．too．So we must change the cycle of life in the wilderness to balance the ecology．If we killed more wolves，we would save them and their prey from dying out．We’d also save some farm animals．

    In another northern state，wolves attack cows and chickens for food．Farmers want the government to send biologists to study the problem．They believe it necessary to kill wolves in some areas and to protect them in places where there is a small wolf population．

                           Against Killing Wolves

  If you had lived long ago，you would have heard many different stories about the dangerous wolf．According to most stories，hungry wolves often kill people for food．Even today，the stories of the“big bad wolf'＂will not disappear．

    But the fact is wolves are afraid of people．and they seldom travel in areas where there is a human smell．When wolves eat other animals，they usually kill the very young．or the sick and injured .The strongest survive .No kind of animal would have survived through the centuries if the weak members had lived．And has always been a law of nature.

  Although some people say it is good sense to kill wolves，we say it is nonsense! Researchers have found wolves and their prey living in balance．The wolves keep the deer population from becoming too large,and that keeps a balance in the wilderness plant life．

    The real problem is that the areas where wolves can live are being used bv people．Even if wilderness land is not used directly for human needs．the wolves can’t always find enough food .So they travel to the nearest source,which is often a farm．Then there is danger．The“big bad wolf”has arrived! And everyone knows what happens next．

5．According to the passage，some people in North America favor killing wolves for all the following reasons EXCET that            ．  

    A．there are too many wolves               

 B．they kill large numbers deer

    C．they attack cows and chickens for food      

 D．they destroy the wilderness plant life

6．Some people are against killing wolves because           ．

    A．wolves help to keep the ecological balance in the wildness

    B．there is too small a wolf population in the wilderness

    C．there are too many deer in the wilderness

    D．wolves are afraid of people and never attack people

7．According to those against killing wolves，when wolves eat other animals，        ．

    A．they never eat strong and healthy ones  

    B．they always go against the law of nature

    C．they might help this kind of animals survive in nature

    D．they disturb the ecological balance in the wilderness

8.The last sentence “And everyone knows what happens next” implies that in such cases    ．

    A．farm animals will be in danger and have to be shipped away

    B．wolves will kill people and people will in turn kill them

    C．wolves will find enough food sources on farms

    D．people will leave the areas where wolves can live

【参考答案】DACB