人教版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 4 History and traditions优秀学案

这是一份人教版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 4 History and traditions优秀学案，共18页。

Period Two　Listening and Speaking & Reading and Thinking—Language points

Ⅰ.重点单词
1．cemetery n．墓地；公墓
2．individual adj.单独的；个别的 n．个人
3．chief adj.最重要的；最高级别的 n．(公司或机构的)首领；酋长
4．belong vi.应在(某处)；适应
5．military adj.军事的；军用的
6．fascinating adj.极有吸引力的；迷人的
7．charge n．收费；指控；主管 vt.收费；控告；充电
8. amount n．金额；数量
9. approach n．方法；途径；接近 vt.接近；接洽；着手处理 vi.靠近
10．ensure vt.保证；确保；担保
11．position n．位置；姿态；职位
12．puzzle n．谜；疑问 vt.迷惑；使困惑→puzzled adj.困惑的；茫然的→puzzling adj.令人困惑的；费解的
13. defence n．防御；保卫→defend vt.防御；保卫；辩护
14．legal adj.法律的；合法的→illegal adj.非法的
15．surround vt.围绕；包围→surrounding adj.周围的；附近的
16．evidence n．证据；证明→evident adj.显而易见的
17．achievement n．成就；成绩；达到→achieve vt.完成；达到
18．location n．地方；地点；位置→locate vt.位于；确定……的位置①
19．conquer vt.占领；征服；控制→conqueror n．占领者；征服者
20．port n．港口(城市)→porter n．搬运工；护工
21．announce vt.宣布；通知；声称→announcement n．宣告；通告②
22．generous adj.慷慨的；大方的；丰富的→generosity n．慷慨；大方
掌握规律　巧记单词
①locate vt.位于；确定……的位置＋ion→location n.地方；地点；位置
如：introduction n.介绍　education n.教育　communication n.交流
②announce vt.宣布；通知；声称＋ment→announcement n.宣告；通告
如：movement n.移动；运动　development n.发展,equipment n.设备

Ⅱ.核心短语
1．join...to...把……和……连接或联结起来
2．break away (from sb. /sth. )脱离；背叛；逃脱
3．belong to属于
4．as well as同(一样也)；和；还
5．keep your eyes open (for)留心；留意
6．be confused by被……迷惑
7．result in导致；造成
8．be referred  to as被称为；被认为
9．be surrounded by被……包围
10．leave behind留下；丢弃
Ⅲ.经典句式
1．动名词短语作主语
Getting to know a little bit about British history will help you solve this puzzle.
了解一点英国的历史将会帮助你解开这一谜团。
2．which引导非限制性定语从句
Finally，in the 20th century，the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK，which resulted in the full name we have today：the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
后来到了20世纪，爱尔兰南部地区从英国脱离出去，这才有了我们现在所知的英国的全称：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。
3．过去分词短语作后置定语
They use the same flag，known as the Union Jack，as well as share the same currency and military defence.
像拥有同样的货币和国防一样，他们也使用同一面被称为联合杰克的国旗。
4．过去分词作宾语补足语
They had castles built all around England，and made changes to the legal system.
他们在英格兰到处建立城堡，而且还对法律体系作了更改。



重点词汇

Getting to know a little bit about British history will help you solve this puzzle.了解一点英国的历史将会帮助你解开这一谜团。

puzzle n．谜；难题 vt.& vi.(使)迷惑；(使)为难
※in a puzzle感到困惑；不知如何是好
(be) a puzzle to sb. ……对某人来说是个谜
puzzle about/over冥思苦想；苦苦思索
※puzzled adj.感到迷惑的
be puzzled about对……迷惑不解
※puzzling adj.令人迷惑的

(1)Their reason for doing it is still a puzzle to me.
我仍很困惑他们为什么要做此事。
(2)Bob Christiansen became puzzled(puzzle) about something that，oddly，had not troubled anyone before：he couldn’t find the park’s volcano.(2019·江苏)
鲍伯·克里斯琴森很困惑：公园里的火山找不到了，奇怪的是，人们在这之前并没有感觉到异样。
(3)To explain the puzzling(puzzle) findings，he offers two theories.为了解释这些令人费解的发现，他提供了两个理论。
[语境串记]　The puzzled look on her face suggested she was puzzling over the puzzling math problem.
她脸上困惑的表情暗示了她正在思考那个令人困惑的数学题。

In the 16th century，the nearby country of Wales was joined to the Kingdom of England.16世纪，附近的威尔士加入了英格兰王国。

join...to...把……和……连接或联结起来
join in参加；加入
join the army参军

(1)The island，joined to the mainland by a bridge，is easy to go to.
这个岛由一座大桥与大陆相连，很容易到达。
(2)It is said that more than two hundred students have joined in the discussion.
据说二百多名学生参与了讨论。
(3)I wonder if it is convenient for you to join me in visiting the exhibition.
我想知道你是否方便和我一起去参观展览。

Finally，in the 20th century，the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK，which resulted in the full name we have today：the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.最后到了20世纪，爱尔兰南部地区从英国脱离出去，这才有了我们现在所知的英国的全称：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。

break away (from sb. /sth. )突然离开；脱离
break up打碎；分裂，解体；结束；(关系等)破裂
break down垮掉；出故障
break into破门而入
break in破门而入；打断；插话
break out(战争、洪水、火灾等)爆发

(1)The girl broke away from her mother and ran away.这个女孩挣脱了她妈妈，跑开了。
(2)Fred has given me no good reason for wanting to break up our marriage.
弗莱德没能给我一个想要结束我们婚姻的正当理由。
(3)To my disappointment，the car broke down on the way.让我失望的是，车在半路抛锚了。
(4)Someone broke into my house and stole some money.有人闯入了我的房子，偷了些钱。
(5)He was charging his mobile phone when the fire broke out.
他正在给手机充电，这时发生了火灾。

The four countries that belong to the United Kingdom work together in some areas.隶属于联合王国的这四个国家在一些领域是相互合作的。

belong to属于
※belong to属于，没有被动形式，也不用于完成时和进行时。后面要接宾格代词或名词作宾语。
※belongings n．所有物；财产

(1)The students feel that they belong to a particular group.(2019·浙江)
学生们感觉到他们属于某一个特定的群体。
(2)The house belonging to my grandfather was sold yesterday.
属于我爷爷的房子昨天被卖掉了。
(3)Lockers are available to store any belongings(belong) during your visit.
在你参观期间，你可以把你所有的携带物存放在储物柜里。

Almost everywhere you go in the UK，you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people who took over at different times throughout history.在英国，无论你走到哪儿，你都能发现一些证据，证明这个国家在不同的历史时期曾经被四个不同的民族统治过。

surround vt.包围；围绕
※surround...with...用……包围……
be surrounded by/with被……包围
※surrounding adj.周围的；附近的
※surroundings n．环境

(1)Surround yourself with uplifting individuals who challenge you to be better.
让一些有正能量的人围绕着你，他们会催你奋进。
(2)Make sure that the people you surround yourself with are positive.
你要确保自己周围是一些积极的人。
(3)The surrounding(surround) villages have been included into the growing city.
周围的村庄已经被包括进了那个不断发展的城市。
(4)The buildings have been designed to blend in with their surroundings(surround)．
这些建筑物设计巧妙，与周围环境浑然一体。
[高级表达]
(5)As the young actor was surrounded by many fans，he was very nervous.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
Surrounded by many fans，the young actor was very nervous.
evidence n．证据；根据；证明
※in evidence显眼；显而易见
There is some/no evidence that...有/没有证据证明……
※evident adj.明显的；明白的
It is evident that...很明显……
※evidently adv.明显地

(6)Scientists have obtained more evidence that plastic is finding its way into the human body.
(2019·江苏)
科学家已经获得更多的证据，这些证据表明塑料正在进入人体。
(7)There is some evidence that walking does good to our health.
有证据显示，散步对我们的健康有好处。
(8)This view is especially evident(evidence)on Kilimanjaro as climbers go through five ecosystems(生态系统) in the space of a few kilometers.(2019·全国Ⅰ)
在乞力马扎罗山，当登山者在几公里的空间里穿越五个生态系统时，景色差异尤为明显。
(9)It is evident that most citizens are fond of this film.＝Evidently，most citizens are fond of this film.很显然，大多数市民都喜欢这部电影。

Some of their great achievements included building towns and roads.他们的一些伟大成就包括修建了一些城镇和道路。

achievement n．成就；成绩
※a sense of achievement成就感
make an achievement取得成就
※achieve vt.完成；达到
achieve one’s success 获得成功
achieve one’s goal实现目标

(1)He felt a sense of achievement when he left the boss’ office.
他离开老板的办公室时，有一种成就感。
(2)The scientist giving us a speech has made a great achievement in this field.
给我们做报告的这位科学家在这个领域取得了巨大的成就。
(3)Kart was offering a way for us to change our lives and achieve our dreams.
卡特向我们提供了改变生活和实现梦想的方法。

Judy and I had our car parked in an underground car park near Trafalgar Square，where we could get our car battery charged.朱迪和我把我们的车停在了特拉法尔加广场附近的一家地下停车场，在那儿我们可以给我们车上的电池充电。

charge vt.& vi.收费；控诉；充电 n．费用；指控；主管
※in charge of主管；负责；掌管
in/under the charge of sb. ＝in one’s charge在某人的掌管下；由某人管理
take charge of负责；掌管；接管
※charge sb. with sth. /doing sth. 控告某人犯某罪；指责某人做某事
charge...for...就……(向某人)索取……费用

(1)At first the price of single copies was seldom a penny—usually two or three cents was charged—and some of the older well-known papers charged five or six cents.(2019·全国Ⅲ)
最初每张报纸的价格很少能达到一便士，通常也就收费两三分钱，一些有名气的报纸每张收费五六分钱。
(2)Who do you think will take charge of this company after his father retires?
你认为他父亲退休谁会掌管这家公司？
(3)He was charged with stealing a car last week，which made all of us puzzled.
他被指控上周偷了一辆汽车，这让我们都很迷惑。
(4)He charged me 50 yuan for repairing the mobile phone.修手机他向我要了50元。
[一句多译]
(5)这家公司在格林小姐的掌管之下。
①Miss Green is in charge of the company.
②The company is in/under the charge of Miss Green.
③The company is in Miss Green’s charge.

When we finally reached the service desk to ask for audio guides，we heard it announced that there were no audio guides left.当我们最后来到服务台要求提供几台音频导游机的时候，我们听到广播上宣布说音频导游机已经没有剩余了。

announce vt.宣布；通告
※announce sth. to sb. 向某人宣告某事
announce that...宣布……
It is announced that...据宣布……
※announcement n．宣布；通告；声明
make an announcement下通知；宣布

(1)We are pleased to announce that all five players were successful.
我们高兴地宣布5位运动员都成功了。
(2)It was announced that Tu Youyou was the first Chinese to win the Nobel Prize in Medicine.
据宣布，屠呦呦是第一位获得诺贝尔医学奖的中国人。
(3)One of the chief leaders is making an important announcement at the moment.
其中一位主要领导此刻正在下达重要的通知。
[易混辨析]　announce，declare
※announce多指提前宣布或公开宣告大家关心的事。
※declare 一般指在正式场合宣布官方的立场或态度，后可跟复合宾语，还有“断言，宣称”之意。
[选词填空]　announce，declare
(4)The government has announced plans to create 10,000 new jobs.
(5)In April this country declared war on Germany.

We found ourselves very surprised by the large number of visitors and the amount of noise at the entrance of the National Gallery.国家美术馆门前人山人海，人声鼎沸，这让我们很吃惊。

amount n．数量 v．总计，共计；相当于，等于
※the amount of...……的数量
a large/small amount of＋n.[U]＋v.(单数)
large/small amounts of＋n.[U]＋v.(复数)
※amount to共计，总计；等于，相当于

(1)The reason that robocalls are a headache has less to do with amount than precision.(2019·北京)
机器人通话之所以令人头痛，与其说与数量有关，不如说与精确度有关。
(2)Even worse，the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.
更糟的是，人们吃的快餐的数量增加了。
(3)A large amount of money is spent on the construction of the school.
大量的钱被花在该学校的建设上。
(4)Consumers spending on sports-related products amounted to ￡9.75 billion.消费者在体育相关产品上的花费共计97.5亿英镑。

It was hard to approach the painting as there were so many people around.因为周围有很多人，很难靠近去观赏那幅画。

approach v．走近；靠近；接近 n．接近；方法；途径

(1)She also approached dentists to learn more about teeth cleaning.(2019·北京)
她还靠到牙医跟前学习更多关于如何清洗牙齿的知识。
(2)We are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools，apps and approaches(approach) intended to prevent scammers from getting through.
(2019·北京)
我们通过支持和开发旨在防止欺诈者通过的一些工具、应用程序和方法，认识到了问题的严重性。
(3)The population of our province is now approaching(approach) 74 million.
我省人口现在已接近七千四百万。
(4)The best approach to building(build) up your body is to do exercise every day.
强身健体的最好办法就是每天锻炼。
[易混辨析]　approach，way，method，means
※approach除了意为“方法”之外，还有“接近；途径”的意思，常用approach to＋n./doing。
※way使用范围广，常用于具体事物或口语中；前面与in搭配，后面接to do/of doing。
※method指条理的、系统的办法；前面与with搭配，后面接of＋n./doing。
※means指实现目的的手段或使用某种交通工具的方式；前面与by搭配，后面接of doing。
[选词填空]　approach，way，method，means
(5)With this method，we can make ourselves understood better.
(6)All the approaches to the palace were guarded by troops.
(7)We arrived in that big city by means of plane.
(8)Can you tell me the way to work out the maths problem?
经典句式

Getting to know a little bit about British history will help you solve this puzzle.了解一点英国的历史将会帮助你解开这一谜团。

※句中Getting to know a little bit about British history是动名词短语作主语。动名词短语作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。
※动名词具有动词与名词的性质，在句中可充当主语、宾语或表语。动名词作主语时，有时用it作形式主语，而把动名词(短语)后置，常见结构有：
It is no use doing sth. 做某事没用。
It is no good doing sth. 做某事没有好处。
It is a waste of time doing sth. 做某事是浪费时间。

(1)Making ivory legal to sell would lead to even more illegal hunting.
让出售象牙合法化会导致更多的非法捕猎。
(2)Communicating(communicate) on WeChat is a common phenomenon，and more people hardly write letters.通过微信进行交流是一个普遍的现象，更多的人几乎不写信。
(3)Knowing(know) basic first-aid skills，according to the expert，will help people respond effectively to emergencies.根据专家的观点，了解急救基本技能将帮助人们对紧急情况做出有效反应。
(4)It’s no use arguing(argue) with him，for he’s so stupid.和他争论是没有用的，他那么愚蠢。

They use the same flag，known as the Union Jack，as well as share the same currency and military defence.像拥有同样的货币和国防一样，他们也使用同一面被称为联合杰克的国旗。

句中known as the Union Jack为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰前面的名词flag，相当于非限制性定语从句which is known as the Union Jack。
※过去分词作定语，如果是单个分词，常置于其所修饰的名词之前；如果是过去分词短语作定语，一般置于其所修饰的名词之后。
※过去分词修饰不定代词something，anything，nobody等或指示代词those时，应后置。

(1)Prices of daily goods bought through a computer can be lower than store prices.
在网上买的日用品的价格要比实体店里的价格低一些。
(2)“Don’t travel during the holidays” is one golden rule followed by friends for years，especially during the Spring Festival as the traffic is heavy.
“不要在假期旅游”是一些朋友几年来一直遵循的黄金法则，尤其是在春节期间，因为交通很拥堵。
(3)We are having a party this evening and you are one of those invited(invite)．我们今天晚上有个聚会，你是被邀请的人中的一个。
[句型转换]
(4)The building which was completed three years ago is now in bad condition.(改为简单句)
→The building completed three years ago is now in bad condition.

They had castles built all around England，and made changes to the legal system.他们在英格兰到处建立城堡，而且还对法律体系作了更改。

had castles built为“have sth. done”结构，意为“让某事被做”， 过去分词在句中作宾语补足语。

(1)Researchers have found out that some female sharks may have got themselves lost during the Ice Age.研究人员发现一些雌性鲨鱼可能是在冰川期迷失的。
(2)It was for this reason that the Brazilian government decided to have a new city built 600 miles north-west of Rio de Janeiro.
主要是因为这个原因巴西政府才决定在里约热内卢西北600英里处建一座新的城市。
(3)Mr Smith had his house broken(break) into while he was away on holiday.
在史密斯先生外出度假时，他家被盗了。

Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Please remain seated；the owner of the prize will be announced(announce) soon.
2．Scientists are puzzled(puzzle) as to why the whales had swum to the shore.
3．Could I speak to whoever is in charge of International Sales please?
4．The shell(蛋壳) surrounding(surround) the egg has many important functions.
5．It has now become evident(evidence) to us that they have found the exact position of the missing boys.
6．Only a minority(少数) of the people of that province wish to break away and become independent.
7．It occurred to me that she and I belonged(belong) to different worlds.
8．—What do you know made Susan so upset?
—Being charged(charge) with giving away state secrets.
9．The server is designed to store huge amounts(amount) of data.
Ⅱ.完成句子
10．I felt a great sense of achievement when I approached the top of the mountain.
当我快要到达山顶的时候，我有一种巨大的成就感。
11．They have the evidence to charge him with theft.
他们有证据控告他犯有盗窃罪。
12．When the car stopped in the town square，it was surrounded by soldiers.
当汽车停在城镇广场时立刻被士兵包围了。
13．Getting young people together will help to break down the barriers between them.
把年轻人聚集起来会有助于消除他们之间的隔阂。
14．It has been announced to the media that the government plans to create a million new jobs.
政府已经向媒体宣布了要创造一百万个新的工作岗位的计划。
15．I am pleased to announce that our class won the first prize in the English Speech Competition held in our school.
我很高兴地宣布我们班在我校举办的英语演讲比赛中获得了一等奖。

基础巩固
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．They are charging(要价) ￡3.0 for the fascinating toy.
2．I read the announcement(通告) of the summer camp that you have posted on the Internet and I am interested in it.
3．A little bit of kindness will be rewarded with huge amounts(量) of benefit.
4．In 1066，the Normans conquered England and took control of the country.
5．What is puzzling(使困惑) the police is how the middle-aged couple managed to persuade the little girl to go with them.
6．As the youngest girl in the family，she is surrounded by love and kindness.
7．The police，as well as some related people，have been trying to find the exact location(地点) of the missing girl.
8．If you keep your eyes open，you’ll find there are a great number of generous(大方的) residents around you.
9．The teacher spared no effort to ensure that all students would be given an equal chance.
10．Many of them are descendants of Confucius，the greatest thinker in Chinese history.
Ⅱ.选词填空

11．Flowers are chosen for their scent as well as their look.
12．The young poet has made an achievement in improving the students’ writing skills.
13．I can’t promise you a discount.You see，I am not in charge of the sales.
14．He is an honest man.He never takes anything that doesn’t belong to him.
15．When Lincoln was elected President，the southern states broke away from the union and formed a new nation.
16．I am puzzled that the water in the lake is not clear although it is surrounded by green trees.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
17．One of the world’s largest art galleries，the Louvre，is located(location) in Paris.
18．She decided to adopt(采用) a different approach to dealing(deal) with the problem.
19．In the rush hour，hiring a taxi for you to do what you are eager to do(do) may be a better choice in our city.
20．As we approached(approach) the scene，all I could see was someone lying perfectly still on the floor.
21．Even if they agree that playing soccer belongs to a very violent game，they still love to play it.
22．If you want to prove your statement is true，you need to provide more evidence(evident)．
Ⅳ.单句写作
23．他误拿了不属于他的包。(belong to)
He took away the bag not belonging to him by mistake.
24．在不久的将来普通市民去太空旅行将会很普遍。(动名词作主语)
Travelling in space will be common for common citizens in the near future.
25．在这所学校几乎看不到学生被处罚的情况。(被动语态)
Almost no student is seen punished in this school.
26．教授平易近人，所有的年轻教师都喜欢向他请教。(approach)
The professor is easy to approach，and all the young teachers like to ask for advice from him.
27．在我看来，他们干这项工作没有经验是显而易见的。(It’s evident that...)
It’s evident to me that they have no experience in this work.
能力提升
Ⅴ.阅读理解
If you’re travelling with kids in London，many London hotels have special services and features to help the family holiday，offering services for kids as well as games，bike hire and free ice cream!
Athenaeum
The five-star Athenaeum is a fantastic family hotel，particularly with the addition of its kids’ services.Even before you arrive，they’ll be in touch to make sure your kids have their favorite DVDs，treats and anything else to keep them happy.And they can arrange your perfect family activities，from bike hire to theatre tickets.
Chessington Safari Hotel
At Chessington Safari Hotel，kids will love staying in an African adventure-themed room，having breakfast overlooking the animals of the Wanyama Reserve，watching family-friendly movies and getting into the theme park before it opens.
Marlin Apartments
Marlin Apartments operate more than 700 serviced apartments in London.Apartments are all within five minutes’ walk of the Tube (good for tired little legs！) with flat screen TVs，fully equipped kitchen and free Wi-Fi.One or two bedroom family apartments have extra room for fold-out beds in the living area too.
Novotel
Novotel’s family rooms are designed to accommodate two adults and two children.Accommodation and breakfast are free for under-16s (up to two staying in their parents’ room)．You can also enjoy a late check-out at 5 p．m.on a Sunday，and while you lie in，the kids can entertain themselves with the Cartoon Network.
The Ritz
Kids at The Ritz are treated just as well as their parents，if not better! Children can enjoy computer games and DVDs，free ice cream and their own bathrobes and slippers.Under-16s can stay for free in their parents’ bedroom，depending on the room type.

28．Before you check in Athenaeum，            .
A．you should ask about the kids’ services
B．you can buy bikes and order theatre tickets
C．you will be asked about what your kids like
D．you must arrange your family activities
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据Athenaeum部分中的“Even before you arrive，they’ll be in touch to make sure your kids have their favorite DVDs，treats and anything else to keep them happy.”可知选C项。
29．If your kids love to see animals，you will choose         .
A．Athenaeum
B．Chessington Safari Hotel
C．Novotel
D．The Ritz
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据Chessington Safari Hotel部分中的“having breakfast overlooking the animals of the Wanyama Reserve”可知选B项。
30．If you choose to stay at Marlin Apartments，      .
A．you can enjoy the best service in London
B．you can enjoy free ice cream
C．you can have an extra room for free
D．you can surf the Internet free of charge
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据Marlin Apartments部分中的“fully equipped kitchen and free Wi-Fi”可知选D项。
Ⅵ.完形填空
Germany is a highly developed country.Many people think its people lead a luxurious(奢侈的) life.
One day，my friend and I   31   a restaurant.We noticed that a young couple were having their meal.There were   32   two dishes and two cans of beer on their table.I wondered if such a(n)   33   meal could be fine and whether the girl would leave that   34   man.
As we were   35  ，my friend ordered more food for us.When we left，there was still about one third of the food we had ordered on the table.
When we were leaving，the young man spoke to us in English.We   36   that he was unhappy about us   37   so much food.“We paid for our food.It is none of your   38  ，” my friend told him.The young man was so angry that he   39   took his phone out and made a call to someone.
After a while，an officer from the Social Security Organization(社会保障组织) arrived.Upon knowing what had happened，he gave us a €50 fine(罚款)，which   40   us.
The officer told us in a   41   voice.“  42   is yours but resources(资源) belong to society.There are many   43   people in the world who are   44   hunger(饥饿)．We have no   45   to waste resources.”
Their attitudes to eating put both of us to   46  .We need to correct our wrong   47  .We are from a country which is not very rich.To save face，we often think we should order more than we can eat，which   48   our friends our generosity(慷慨)．We should realize that resources don’t belong to a(n)   49   person but they belong to everyone.We can’t   50   to waste them.
语篇解读　作者和朋友在一家德国的餐厅就餐时点了很多食物，造成浪费，这引起了餐厅里一个年轻人的反对，结果作者和他的朋友被罚款，理由是：钱是他们的，但是资源是属于整个社会的，我们任何人都不能浪费资源。

31．A.entered B．opened
C．left D．called
答案　A
解析　根据后文内容可知，此刻作者和他的朋友走进了饭店。
32．A.still B．even
C．already D．only
答案　D
解析　根据后面所讲的他们的桌子上只有两个菜和两罐啤酒可知，那对情侣只点了很少的菜。
33．A.cheap B．simple
C．expensive D．common
答案　B
解析　他们点的菜很少，所以是简单的饭菜。
34．A.gentle B．stupid
C．mean D．friendly
答案　C
解析　因为他们点的菜很少，所以作者觉得那位男士很吝啬。
35．A.full B．hungry
C．honest D．free
答案　B
解析　根据下文所讲的作者的朋友点了很多菜可知他们饿了。
36．A.disagreed B．ignored
C．understood D．doubted
答案　C
解析　根据朋友的回答可知，作者和他的朋友都明白这个年轻人对他们的浪费行为不满。
37．A.ordering B．eating
C．serving D．wasting
答案　D
解析　参见上题解析。
38．A.business B．power
C．action D．concern
答案　A
解析　从下文这个年轻人很生气以及他立刻拿出电话来给某人打电话可知，这里作者的朋友说的是“不关你的事”。
39．A.slowly B．calmly
C．exactly D．immediately
答案　D
解析　参见上题解析。
40．A.surprised B．upset
C．worried D．satisfied
答案　A
解析　让作者和他朋友吃惊的是那个社会保障组织的工作人员居然罚了他们50欧元。
41．A.relaxing B．serious
C．grateful D．boring
答案　B
解析　根据下文那个工作人员所说的话可知，他是用一种严肃的口吻讲的。
42．A.Money B．Decision
C．Right D．Freedom
答案　A
解析　根据前文内容可推知那个工作人员告诉作者和他的朋友：“钱是你们的，但是资源是属于社会的。”
43．A.old B．young
C．rich D．poor
答案　D
解析　那个工作人员继续讲到世界上有很多穷人正在遭受饥饿的折磨，所以人们没有理由浪费资源。
44．A.thinking about B．suffering from
C．bringing in D．getting along with
答案　B
解析　参见上题解析。
45．A.use B．reason
C．need D．way
答案　B
解析　此处是说我们没有理由浪费资源。
46．A.interest B．trouble
C．shame D．joy
答案　C
解析　从下文作者的反思可知，德国人对待饮食的态度让他们感到羞愧。
47．A.purpose B．method
C．education D．opinion
答案　D
解析　根据下文作者做出的反思可知，此处指我们需要纠正的是错误的观念。
48．A.returns B．shows
C．lends D．passes
答案　B
解析　作者讲到他所在的国家的人往往为了面子，总是点很多食物，这能显示出他们的慷慨。
49．A.single B．wealthy
C．important D．special
答案　A
解析　资源不是属于我们哪一个人的，而是属于我们所有人的，我们浪费不起。
50．A.expect B．manage
C．afford D．begin
答案　C
解析　参见上题解析。
Ⅶ.语法填空
Last year，I took a seven-day-long trip to London.I was in great 51.        (excite)，and I visited quite a few tourist sites.However,52.         left me the deepest impression was St Paul’s Cathedral.It has the heaviest church clock in the United Kingdom,53.        (weigh) 16 tons.I took a tour through this big and beautiful church,54.         took about two hours.Not far from the church is the River Thames.I went there 55.         a trip later in the day.During the boat ride I passed by a lot of historical 56.        (place)．When the tour was over I went back to the hotel.There were a couple of hours 57.        (leave) before I had to leave the hotel for the airport.Then a brilliant idea 58.        (come) across my mind that I could go and see a football game.I booked a last-minute ticket to a match between Fulham and Blackburn River.The game 59.        (hold) at Craven Cottage stadium.
On my way to the airport，I looked back at my trip.Time had flown very 60.        (rapid)，but it had been a very fun and interesting week.

51．答案　excitement
解析　考查名词。in excitement处于兴奋状态。
52．答案　what
解析　考查主语从句。what在主语从句中作主语。
53．答案　weighing
解析　考查分词作定语。weigh“称起来有……重”，没有被动语态，故用weighing。
54．答案　which
解析　考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为a tour，故用which。
55．答案　on
解析　考查介词。与trip搭配时用介词on。
56．答案　places
解析　考查名词复数。前面有a lot of，故用places。
57．答案　left
解析　考查分词作定语。a couple of hours与leave之间为被动关系，所以用left。
58．答案　came
解析　考查动词时态。文章讲述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。
59．答案　was held
解析　考查时态和语态。由文章开头Last year以及主语The game可知此处为一般过去时的被动语态。
60．答案　rapidly
解析　考查副词。修饰动词时通常用副词形式，故答案为rapidly。