人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 3 Environmental Protection课后练习题

这是一份人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 3 Environmental Protection课后练习题，共7页。试卷主要包含了语言基础训练，培优提升训练等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、语言基础训练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The new jb desn't pay as much but we wn't starve (挨饿)!
2．The new sftware is planned fr release (发布) in April.
3．All the prducts are labelled with cmprehensive (详尽的)instructins.
4．Every aircraft in there has sustained (遭受) sme damage.
5．Can anything be dne t reverse this trend (倾向)?
6．His speech was frequently (频繁地) interrupted by strmy applause.
7．Did yu listen t the bradcast (广播) f the ftball match?
8．Villagers say the fence wuld restrict (限制) public access t the hills.
9．It's the cmpany's plicy (方针) t sacrifice shrt-term prfits fr the sake f lng-term grwth.
10． Seize (抓住) the chance, therwise yu will regret it.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．The animals were left t starve t death (die)．
2．Dn't release this news t the public until we give yu the g-ahead.
3．Tm seized n the excuse t get ut f the practice.
4．In thse days wmen led fairly restricted (restrict) lives.
5．The chairman's speech will be bradcast (bradcast) natinwide.
6．Much new and high technlgy has been intrduced frm Germany，thus resulting in great increase in prductin f the cmpany.
7．When I meet new wrds I dn't knw, I ften refer t a dictinary.
8．I dn't dubt that he has the ability t deal with the situatin.
9．The man left， leaving (leave) me alne with my cmfrting thughts.
10．Nt nly will yu help ur yung vlunteers t develp persnally，yu'll als learn new skills and increase yur cultural awareness.
Ⅲ.选词填空
result in, refer t, huge amunts f, alng with, take measures, make plicies, seize the pprtunity, have an impact n
1．Nwadays, cycling, alng with jgging and swimming, is regarded as ne f the best all-rund frms f exercise.
2．The develpment f new technlgy cntinues t have an impact n learning.
3．When I am faced with a difficulty, I usually chse t refer t relevant learning materials r web pages.
4．The planet's strng frce f gravity hlds huge amunts f hydrgen and helium gas.
5．As far as I'm cncerned, cncentratin n yur studies will result in gd grades.
6．Our gvernment is trying t take measures t prevent and cntrl pllutin.
7．Gvernment will need t make plicies t encurage private cmpanies.
8．If I were yu, I shuld seize the pprtunity t g abrad fr further study.
二、培优提升训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2023·全国甲卷)
Grizzly bears, which may grw t abut 2.5 m lng and weigh ver 400 kg, ccupy a cnflicted crner f the American psyche—we revere(敬畏) them even as they give us frightening dreams.Ask the turists frm arund the wrld that fld int Yellwstne Natinal Park what they mst hpe t see, and their answer is ften the same: a grizzly bear.
“Grizzly bears are re-ccupying large areas f their frmer range，” says bear bilgist Chris Servheen.As grizzly bears expand their range int places where they haven't been seen in a century r mre, they're increasingly being sighted by humans.
The western half f the U．S.was full f grizzlies when Eurpeans came, with a rugh number f 50,000 r mre living alngside Native Americans.By the early 1970s, after centuries f cruel and cntinuus hunting by settlers, 600 t 800 grizzlies remained n a mere 2 percent f their frmer range in the Nrthern Rckies.In 1975, grizzlies were listed under the Endangered Species Act.
Tday, there are abut 2,000 r mre grizzly bears in the U．S.Their recvery has been s successful that the U．S.Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted t delist grizzlies, which wuld lsen legal prtectins and allw them t be hunted.Bth effrts were verturned due t lawsuits frm cnservatin grups.Fr nw, grizzlies remain listed.
Obviusly, if precautins (预防) aren't taken, grizzlies can becme trublesme, smetimes killing farm animals r walking thrugh yards in search f fd.If peple remve fd and attractants frm their yards and campsites, grizzlies will typically pass by withut truble.Putting electric fencing arund chicken huses and ther farm animal quarters is als highly effective at getting grizzlies away.“Our hpe is t have a clean, attractant-free place where bears can pass thrugh withut learning bad habits，” says James Jnkel, lngtime bilgist wh manages bears in and arund Missula.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，讲述了美国灰熊从濒危物种恢复到2 000多头，但也带来了一些问题。
1．Hw d Americans lk at grizzlies？ A
A．They cause mixed feelings in peple.
B．They shuld be kept in natinal parks.
C．They are f high scientific value.
D．They are a symbl f American culture.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“Grizzly bears, which may grw t abut 2.5 m lng and weigh ver 400 kg, ccupy a cnflicted crner f the American psyche—we revere(敬畏) them even as they give us frightening dreams.(灰熊可以长到2.5米长，体重超过400公斤，在美国人的心理中占据着一个矛盾的角落——即使它们给我们带来可怕的梦，我们也敬畏它们。)”可知，美国人对灰熊既有害怕，又有敬畏，他们的情感是混合的。故选A。
2．What has helped the increase f the grizzly ppulatin? C
A．The Eurpean settlers' behavir.
B．The expansin f bears' range.
C．The prtectin by law since 1975.
D．The supprt f Native Americans.
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“In 1975, grizzlies were listed under the Endangered Species Act.(1975年，灰熊被列入《濒危物种法》。)”以及第四段“Tday, there are abut 2, 000 r mre grizzly bears in the U．S.Their recvery has been s successful that the U．S.Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted t delist grizzlies, which wuld lsen legal prtectins and allw them t be hunted.(如今，美国大约有2 000只或更多的灰熊。它们的数量恢复非常成功，以至于美国鱼类和野生动物管理局两次试图将灰熊从名单上除名，这将放松对灰熊的法律保护，允许它们被猎杀。)”可推知，由于1975年起受法律保护，灰熊的数量有了增长。故选C。
3．What has stpped the U．S.Fish and Wildlife Service frm delisting grizzlies？ A
A．The ppsitin f cnservatin grups.
B．The successful cmeback f grizzlies.
C．The vice f the bilgists.
D．The lcal farmers' advcates.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中“Bth effrts were verturned due t lawsuits frm cnservatin grups.Fr nw, grizzlies remain listed.(由于环保组织的诉讼，这两项努力都被推翻了。目前，灰熊仍在名单上。)”可知，是环保组织的的反对阻止了美国鱼类和野生动物管理局将灰熊从濒危物种名单上除名。故选A。
4．What can be inferred frm the last paragraph？ B
A．Fd shuld be prvided fr grizzlies.
B．Peple can live in harmny with grizzlies.
C．A special path shuld be built fr grizzlies.
D．Technlgy can be intrduced t prtect grizzlies.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Obviusly, if precautins(预防) aren't taken, grizzlies can becme trublesme...(显然，如果不采取预防措施，灰熊会变得很麻烦……)和“Our hpe is t have a clean, attractant-free place where bears can pass thrugh withut learning bad habits...(我们希望有一个干净，没有诱饵的地方，熊可以通过，而不会养成坏习惯……)”可推知，灰熊数量增长，虽然会带来一些麻烦，但是如果采取一些预防措施，人和灰熊可以和谐相处。故选B。
Ⅱ.七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2023·河北秦皇岛市第一中学高二期末)
Weeds, the fast-grwing plants that cannt be eaten and d nt bring flwers, are a cmmn prblem fr gardeners.Sme use chemicals t kill weeds.Others pull them up by hand r with heavy machinery.Luckily, there are ther ways t limit their grwth.
Fr starters, there are mulches(覆盖物) which can bury weeds.Mulches are made frm rganic material, such as leaves, grass cuttings, and small pieces f wd.They are spread ver the grund in a garden t cntrl weeds.Organic mulches break dwn ver time. 1.A That is nt a bad thing, because their decmpsitin(分解) creates nutrients fr plants and humus(腐殖质) t keep sils wet and full f fresh air.
Plastic mulch is anther way t stp weeds.Cmmn black plastic is easy t lay dwn.It als effectively blcks weeds and helps sil warm faster in the spring. 2.G A reflective plastic mulch, fr example, keeps sme plant-eating insects away.A majr prblem with plastic is that it breaks apart ver time, s eventually it needs t be thrwn away, plus it adds nthing t the sil as far as nutrients r humus. 3.C
Finally, in additin t direct attacks n weeds, hw yu plant yur garden can indirectly influence weed grwth.Fr example, clse spacing f plants in the garden blcks sunlight frm reaching the grund and can limit weed grwth.And using a watering methd knwn as drip irrigatin will direct small amunts f water t the rts f yur plants instead f the weeds. 4.E Lying in sil are millins f weed seeds just waiting t be awakened by light and air.
5.F Instead, yur gal is simply t limit their grwth in the garden.
A．S yu must add mre t yur garden ften.
B．S it is by far the best supprt fr plant grwth.
C．And plastic als can blck air frm reaching the sil.
D．A small grup f geese can clear weeds in half a hectare f land.
E．Whether r nt yu dig up yur sil als influences weed grwth.
F．Using any r all f these methds will nt permanently stp weed grwth.
G．Recent experiments with ther clred plastic have shwn effects n bth bugs and plant grwth.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了如何在花园中限制杂草的生长。
解析：
1．根据空前的“Organic mulches break dwn ver time.(有机覆盖物会随着时间的推移而分解。)”和空后的“That is nt a bad thing, because their decmpsitin (分解) creates nutrients fr plants and humus (腐殖质) t keep sils wet and full f fresh air.(这不是一件坏事，因为它们的分解为植物和腐殖质创造了养分，以保持土壤湿润和充满新鲜空气。)”可知，空前说明有机覆盖物会慢慢分解，空后说明那不是一件坏事，由此可见，that应该是一种做法不是坏事，结合选项可知，A项(因此，你必须经常向花园中添加更多内容。)讲述的就是一种做法，符合上下文语境，起到一个承上启下的作用。故选A。
2．根据前后文内容可知，空前讲述的是黑色的塑料覆盖物作用，而空后的内容是说明能反光的塑料覆盖物也有同样的作用，所以此空指出其他颜色的塑料覆盖物有相应的作用，G项(最近用其他彩色塑料进行的实验表明，对虫子和植物生长都有影响。)符合上下文语境。故选G。
3．根据前文内容可知，此处应该是讲述塑料覆盖物的其他问题，C项(塑料也会阻止空气进入土壤。)的内容符合语境。故选C。
4．根据本段的主题句“Finally, in additin t direct attacks n weeds, hw yu plant yur garden can indirectly influence weed grwth.(最后，除了对杂草的直接攻击外，你种植花园的方式也会间接影响杂草的生长。)”可知，此处说明的是如何进行种植以阻止花园杂草的生长，E项(无论是否挖掘土壤，都会影响杂草的生长。)讲述的是一种种植的方式，符合上下文语境。故选E。
5．分析文章结构，可知最后一段是总结部分，所以该空选择的内容要概括全文，再结合空后的“Instead, yur gal is simply t limit their grwth in the garden.”可知，这些方法的使用只是为了阻止杂草在花园中生长，F项提及了上文讲述的阻止杂草生长的方法，同时与空后的内容完全吻合。故选F。
Ⅲ.语法填空
根据短文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2023·江西省新余市高二期末)
Green Hills, Clear Water, Blue Sky is a prject that was set up by the gvernment three years ag.Since it was started, many peple 1.have taken (take) part.They think it is 2.their (they) duty t make the Earth 3.beautiful (beauty) and peaceful.At 4.the same time, they insist that the gvernment shuld play an imprtant rle and try their best 5.t prtect (prtect) the envirnment.Sme wners f factries are damaging the envirnment by 6.plluting (pllute) rivers with chemical waste.S it is 7.believed (believe) that the gvernment shuld pass laws t punish peple 8.wh/that damage the envirnment.Besides, the gvernment shuld build cnservatin centres s that plants and animals 9.in danger can be prtected.
All in all, peple and the gvernment shuld wrk side by side t take care 10.f the Earth.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。主要讲的是人们和政府应该并肩工作，照顾地球。
解析：
1．考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：自从它开始以来，许多人都参加了。由“Since it was started”可知，句子时态用现在完成时，即have/has dne，主语peple是复数，因此空格处是have taken。故填have taken。
2．考查物主代词。句意：他们认为使地球美丽和和平是他们的责任。根据句意可知，空格处为“他们的”，后有名词duty，因此空格处用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。
3．考查形容词。句意：他们认为使地球美丽和和平是他们的责任。由and peaceful可知，空格处用形容词beautiful作宾语补足语。故填beautiful。
4．考查冠词。句意：同时，他们坚持认为政府应该发挥重要的作用，尽他们最大的努力保护环境。at the same time为固定短语，意为“同时”，因此空格处为定冠词the。故填the。
5．考查固定短语。句意：同时，他们坚持认为政府应该发挥重要的作用，尽他们最大的努力保护环境。try ne's best t d sth.为固定短语，意为“尽某人最大努力做某事”，因此空格处为不定式t prtect。故填t prtect。
6．考查非谓语动词。句意：一些工厂主正在用化学废物污染河流，破坏环境。by为介词，其后跟动名词作宾语。故填plluting。
7．考查固定句型。句意：因此，人们认为政府应该通过法律来惩罚那些破坏环境的人。it is believed that...为固定句型，意为“人们认为……”，因此空格处为过去分词believed。故填believed。
8．考查定语从句。句意：因此，人们认为政府应该通过法律来惩罚那些破坏环境的人。空格处引导定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词peple是人，因此空格处用关系代词wh/that。故填wh/that。
9．考查介词。句意：此外，政府应该建立保护中心，以保护濒危植物和动物。根据句意可知，空格处为固定短语in danger，意为“在危险中，濒危”，空格处为介词in。故填in。
10．考查介词。句意：总而言之，人们和政府应该并肩工作，照顾地球。take care f为固定短语，意为“照顾”。故填f。