高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 4 Adversity and Course复习练习题

这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 4 Adversity and Course复习练习题，共12页。

Section Ⅳ　Assessing Your Progress & Video Time


[基础测评]
Ⅰ. 根据语境及汉语提示写出正确单词
1. What do you suppose the boy’s motive(动机) was?
2. Our government has a commitment(承诺) to public services.
3. The storm got worse and worse. Finally, I had to abandon(抛弃) the car and continue on foot.
4. There are only three candidates(候选人) for the job.
5. She became a loyal(忠诚的) friend and remained so.
6. I was looking forward to working under her expert guidance(指导).
7. His only form of recreation(娱乐) is playing football.
8. We receive hundreds of job applications(申请) each year.
9. We were late getting to the airport, but fortunately/luckily(幸运地) our plane was delayed.
10. He was desperate for money to resolve(解决) his financial problems.
Ⅱ. 单句语法填空
1. He’s qualified(qualify) to teach biology at high school level.
2. After her promotion took effect, she was assigned(assign) a research job. 
3. Fortunately(fortunate), the weather was reasonably mild that winter.
4. He claimed that his parents had abandoned(abandon) him. 
5. They made a resolution(resolve) to lose all the weight gained during the Christmas holidays.
6. They had remained loyal to the president.
7. The exercise obviously will improve strength and endurance(endure).
8. Roughly(rough) speaking, he did a good job.
9. This job can be done only with perseverance(persevere).
10. Jobs are advertised(advertise) in the local papers every day. 
Ⅲ. 用方框中所给短语的正确形式填空
give off, make fire, turn down, be qualified for, set off, make it,
dream of, hold on, become stuck, after all
1. He learned many skills so that he could be qualified for the job. 
2. On the eve of the Spring Festival, we usually eat dumplings and watch TV, and some people also set off fireworks. 
3. I have always dreamed of starting my own company.  
4. These fuels give off heat when they burn.  
5. Together, I think we can make it.  
6. They became stuck in a traffic jam for an hour, so they were late for the meeting. 
7. Perseverance is what it takes to do anything well. We should hold on to the end no matter what happens.  
8. Of course I admire him—after all, he is a great writer.  
9. I thanked him for the offer but turned it down.
10. He has to learn how to collect water, hunt for food, and make fire.  
Ⅳ. 根据汉语提示完成英语句子
1. The phone has been ringing(一直在响) for long. Why don’t you answer it? 
2. Lucy is out of job, and she has been considering going back(一直考虑返回) to school.  
3. He is ill. He has been lying(一直躺) in bed for three weeks.  
4. He has been teaching(一直在教书) here these years.  
5. I have been learning(一直在学习) how to play volleyball lately.  
[提升测评]
Ⅴ. 阅读理解
A
Today’s world is not an easy adjustment for young adults. A key skill set for success is persistence(毅力), a characteristic that researchers say is heavily influenced by fathers. Researchers from Brigham Young University discovered that fathers are in a unique position to help their adolescent children learn persistence.
BYU professors Laura Padilla-Walker and Randal Day arrived at these findings after following 325 American families over several years. And over time, the persistence gained through fathers led to higher achievement in school.
“There are relatively few studies that stress the unique role of fathers,” Padilla-Walker said. “This research also helps to prove that characteristics such as persistence—which can be taught—are key to a child’s life success.”
Researchers determined that dads need to practise an “authoritative” parenting style. Authoritative parenting is not authoritarian: rigid, demanding or controlling. Rather, an authoritative parenting style includes some of the following characteristics: children feel warmth and love from their father; responsibility and the reasons behind rules are stressed; children are given an appropriate level of autonomy(自主权).
In the study, about 52 percent of the dads exhibited above-average levels of authoritative parenting. A key finding is that over time, children raised by an authoritative father were significantly more likely to develop persistence, which leads to better outcomes in school.
This particular study examined 11 to 14-year-olds living in two-parent homes. Yet the researchers suggest that single parents still may play a role in teaching the benefits of persistence, which is an avenue of future research.
1. What is special about the BYU professors’ study?
A. It centered on fathers’ role in parenting.
B. It was based on a number of large families.
C. It analysed different kinds of parenting styles.
D. It aimed to improve kids’ achievement in school.
解析:推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“Researchers from Brigham Young University discovered that fathers are in a unique position to help their adolescent children learn persistence.”可知,该大学研究的是父亲在帮助青春期的孩子培养毅力方面所起的独特的作用。故选A。
答案:A
2. What would an authoritative father do when raising his children?
A. Ignore their demands.
B. Make decisions for them.
C. Control their behaviours.
D. Explain the rules to them.
解析:推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知,“权威式的”父亲并不独裁,而是要让孩子感受到来自父亲的温暖和爱,要强调责任和规则背后的缘由,要给予孩子适当的自主权。故可推断出,一个“权威式的”父亲在抚养孩子时会给孩子解释规则。故选D。
答案:D

3. Which group can be a focus of future studies according to the researchers?
A. Single parents.
B. Children aged from 11 to 14.
C. Authoritarian fathers.
D. Mothers in two-parent homes.
解析:细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“Yet the researchers suggest that single parents ..., which is an avenue of future research.”可知,未来研究的方向是单亲父母。故选A。
答案:A
4. What is a suitable title for the text?
A. Three Characteristics of Authoritative Fathers
B. Key Skills for Young Adults to Succeed in the Future
C. Children Tend to Learn Determination from Fathers　
D. Family Relationship Influences School Performance　
解析:标题归纳题。文章主要论述了父亲的行为会影响孩子毅力的养成。故选C。
答案:C
B
My First Marathon
A month before my first marathon, one of my ankles was injured and this meant not running for two weeks, leaving me only two weeks to train. Yet, I was determined to go ahead.
I remember back to my 7th year in school. In my first P.E. class, the teacher required us to run laps and then hit a softball. I didn’t do either well. He later informed me that I was “not athletic”.
The idea that I was “not athletic” stuck with me for years. When I started running in my 30s, I realised running was a battle against myself, not about competition or whether or not I was athletic. It was all about the battle against my own body and mind. A test of wills!
The night before my marathon, I dreamt that I couldn’t even find the finishing line. I woke up sweating and nervous, but ready to prove something to myself.
Shortly after crossing the starting line, my shoe laces(鞋带) became untied. So I stopped to readjust. Not the start I wanted!
At mile 3, I passed a sign:“GO FOR IT, RUNNERS!”
By mile 17, I became out of breath and the once injured ankle hurt badly. Despite the pain, I stayed the course walking a bit and then running again.
By mile 21, I was starving!
As I approached mile 23, I could see my wife waving a sign. She is my loyal supporter. She never minded the alarm clock sounding at 4 a.m. or questioned my expenses on running.
I was one of the final runners to finish. But I finished! And I got a medal. In fact, I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came in first place had.
Determined to be myself, move forward, free of shame and worldly labels(世俗标签), I can now call myself a “marathon winner”.
5. What can we learn about the author before the marathon?
A. He was well trained.
B. He felt scared.
C. He made up his mind to run.
D. He lost hope.
解析:细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句“Yet, I was determined to go ahead.”可知,马拉松赛前一个月,尽管作者脚踝受伤使训练时间缩短,但作者仍下定决心参赛。故选C。
答案:C
6. Why did the author mention the P.E. class in his 7th year?
A. To appreciate the support of his teacher.
B. To amuse the readers with a funny story.
C. To show he was not talented in sports.
D. To share a precious memory.
解析:推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“I didn’t do either well. He later informed me that I was ‘not athletic’.”可知作者提及七年级时的一节体育课是为了说明自己没有运动天赋。故选C。
答案:C
7. How was the author’s first marathon?
A. He made it.
B. He quit halfway.
C. He got the first prize.
D. He walked to the end.
解析:细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段可知,作者坚持到了最后,而且得到了一块奖牌,虽然不是第一名。由此可见,他成功地跑完了马拉松。故选A。
答案:A
8. What does the text mainly tell us?
A. A man owes his success to his family support.
B. A winner is one with a great effort of will.
C. Failure is the mother of success.
D. One is never too old to learn.
解析:主旨大意题。通读全文可知,作者在讲述自己跑马拉松的经历,再根据最后一段可知,作者成功跑完马拉松源于自己坚强的意志。故选B。
答案:B
C
Courage is a quality that everyone has, but it sometimes disappears because of bad experiences or memories. 9. 　　　　So, how can people build courage? By identifying the source of any lack of courage and actively changing your behaviour, you can build courage. 
Determine your specific fears. People are often unwilling to admit that they are afraid of something. In order to begin building courage, you need to determine your specific fears. 10. 　　　　This may help you to work out a plan to overcome them and build your courage. 
Recognize your courage. Just as it’s important to identify your fears, you should also recognize that you also have courage in many situations. 11. It can help you to figure out how to apply this quality to situations that cause fear. It can also help develop your behaviour and build courage.
Develop a practical plan to build your courage. Once you’ve identified your specific fears and recognized situations where you exhibit courage, make your plan to build your courage and update it when necessary. 12. The reason for that is it helps you be on track if you have difficulties and see your progress over time.
Avoid comparing yourself with others. Every person is different and comparing yourself with other people can minimize your self-confidence. Focusing on yourself is essential to building your confidence and courage.
13. 　　　　Two characteristics of courageous people are that they not only have confidence, but also they believe in their ability to succeed and overcome fears. By developing and projecting confidence in yourself, you set yourself on the path to building and maintaining courage. 

A. Part of building your courage is taking risks.
B. Embrace the positive and avoid the negative.
C. Make a list of your fears as you figure them out.
D. Having a clear strategy you can follow is important.
E. Take the time to acknowledge that you are courageous.
F. Have confidence and believe in your ability to be courageous.
G. Showing courage is necessary to succeed in many situations in life.
9. 解析:本句为承上启下句。空前表达了勇气会因为不好的经历或记忆而消失,强调了人们有时会缺乏勇气,空后提出问题,人们怎样才能建立勇气。G项(在人生中的许多情况下,展现勇气是成功的必要条件)承接上文,继续探讨勇气这一话题,指出勇气的重要性;同时引出下文,勇气如此重要,不禁使人发问,人们该如何建立勇气。故选G。
答案:G
10. 解析:本句承接上文。上文讲述为了开始建立勇气,你需要确定你具体恐惧的是什么。C项“找出恐惧,列出你的恐惧清单”承接上一句内容,故选C。
答案:C
11. 解析:本句承上启下。空前说就像识别你的恐惧一样重要,你也应该认识到在许多情况下你也拥有勇气。空后讲了它可以帮助你弄清如何将这种品质应用到使你胆怯的情况中。E项“花时间去承认你是勇敢的”承上启下,故选E。
答案:E
12. 解析:根据下文所讲,原因是如果你遇到困难,它会帮助你稳步前进,随着时间的推移你将会看到自己的进步。D项“有一个清晰的、你可以遵循的战略是重要的”符合语境。故选D。
答案:D
13. 解析:根据本句位置和全文的篇章结构可知,本句为本段的中心句。根据下文内容可知,勇敢者的两个特点是他们不仅有信心而且他们也相信自己有战胜恐惧的能力。故选F。
答案:F
Ⅵ. 完形填空
Raynor Winn and her husband Moth became homeless due to their wrong investment. Their savings had been 　1　 to pay lawyers’ fees. To make matters worse, Moth was diagnosed(诊断) with a serious disease. There was no 　2　, only pain relief. 
Failing to find any other way out, they decided to make a walking journey, as they caught sight of an old hikers’(徒步旅行者) guide.
This was a long journey of unaccustomed hardship and 　3　
recovery. When leaving home, Raynor and Moth had just ￡320 in the bank. They planned to keep the 　4　 low by living on boiled noodles, with the 　5　 hamburger shop treat. 
Wild camping is 　6　 in England. To avoid being caught, the Winns had to get their tent up late and packed it away early in the morning. The Winns soon discovered that daily hiking in their 50s is a lot
　7　 than they remember it was in their 20s. Raynor 　8　 all over and desired a bath. Moth, meanwhile, after an initial 　9　, found his symptoms were strangely 　10　 by their daily tiring journey. 
　11　, the couple found that their bodies turned for the better, with re-found strong muscles that they thought had lost forever. “Our hair was fried and falling out, nails broken, clothes 　12　 to a thread, but we were alive.” 
During the journey, Raynor began a career as a nature writer. She writes, “　13　 had taken every material thing from me and left me torn bare, an empty page at the end of a(n) 　14　 written book. It had also given me a choice, either to leave that page 　15　 or to keep writing the story with hope. I chose hope.” 
1. A. drawn up　　　　　B. used up
C. backed up D. kept up
解析:draw up起草;use up用光;back up后退;keep up保持。根据后面的“to pay lawyers’ fees”可知,他们的积蓄都用光了。故选B。
答案:B
2. A. cure B. luck
C. care D. promise
解析:cure疗法;luck幸运;care关心;promise诺言。根据“only pain relief”可知,没有任何治疗的方法,只能止疼。故选A。
答案:A
3. A. expected B. frightening
C. disappointing D. surprising
解析:expected预期的;frightening令人害怕的;disappointing令人失望的;surprising令人惊讶的。根据下文可知,莫斯通过徒步旅行恢复健康是令夫妻二人惊讶的。故选D。
答案:D
4. A. budget B. revenue
C. compensation D. allowance
解析:budget预算;revenue收益;compensation赔偿;allowance津贴。他们计划靠吃煮面条来维持低预算。故选A。
答案:A
5. A. frequent B. occasional
C. abundant D. constant
解析:frequent频繁的;occasional偶尔的;abundant大量的;constant不断的。偶尔到汉堡店吃一顿。本句中的treat意为“款待”。故选B。
答案:B
6. A. unpopular B. lawful
C. attractive D. illegal
解析:unpopular不受欢迎的;lawful合法的;attractive 吸引人的;illegal非法的。根据下文“To avoid being caught”可知,在英国,野外露营是非法的。故选D。
答案:D
7. A. harder B. easier
C. cheaper D. funnier
解析:harder更难的;easier更容易的;cheaper更便宜的;funnier更可笑的。根据常识可知,温氏夫妇很快发现在他们50多岁时每日徒步旅行要比他们所记得的在20多岁时艰难很多。故选A。
答案:A
8. A. rolled B. bled
C. ached D. trembled
解析:roll滚动;bleed流血;ache疼;tremble发抖。联系上下文可知,雷诺浑身疼。故选C。
答案:C
9. A. struggle B. progress
C. excitement D. research
解析:struggle斗争;progress进展;excitement激动;research研究。莫斯一开始觉得很困难。故选A。
答案:A
10. A. developed B. controlled
C. relieved D. increased
解析:develop发展;control控制;relieve减轻;increase增加。后来他发现他的病症随着每天令人疲惫的徒步旅行不可思议地减轻了。故选C。
答案:C
11. A. Initially B. Eventually
C. Temporarily D. Consequently
解析:initially起初;eventually最终;temporarily临时地;consequently因此。最终,这对夫妇发现他们的身体变好了。故选B。
答案:B
12. A. sewn B. washed
C. worn D. ironed
解析:sew缝;wash洗;wear磨损;iron熨。这里指他们的衣服被磨损得破破烂烂。故选C。
答案:C
13. A. Doctors B. Hiking
C. Lawyers D. Homelessness
解析:doctor医生;hiking徒步旅行;lawyer律师;homelessness无家可归。无家可归夺走了“我”所有的物质。故选D。
答案:D
14. A. well B. partly
C. neatly D. originally
解析:well好;partly部分地;neatly整洁地;originally起初。根据上文“an empty page”和下文“or to keep writing the story with hope”可知,雷诺将自己的人生比作一本部分完成的书。故选B。
答案:B

15. A. loose B. full
C. blank D. missing
解析:loose宽松的;full满的;blank空白的;missing失踪的。根据上文“an empty page at the end of a(n) 　14　 written book”可知,雷诺将苦难的现状比作书本最后的空白页;要么留下那页空白,要么带着希望继续书写这个故事。故选C。 
答案:C
Ⅶ. 读后续写
Adventures Through the Gorge (峡谷)
We put the raft(木筏) in the calm, cold water. I looked down. The water was like a mirror. It was a foggy morning, so I could barely make out what was down the river. When we took our places in the raft, I was in the back with my dad right across from me. Our tour guide was telling us the basics of rafting, and it seemed she was showing off to us! I was terrified. Since I was in the back, I was sure I would be the one to fall out. But I have always been an optimist, so I thought it would turn out okay.
Then I looked up and saw a big, gray cloud. I looked down at the river, and it started to get louder and closer to us; soon rain poured down. Once we moved out of the rain, the clouds disappeared, and the sun was shining down on us for the rest of the day. As I looked around, I saw the huge, green trees standing over me. It was beautiful.
As we moved farther down the river, I heard the water flowing gently. When we moved deeper into the gorge, it got louder and louder. This was our first rapids(急流). It seemed that we were approaching the rapids slowly, but we were at the top of the rapids in a flash. It felt like time frozen. I was so excited and nervous; I thought I was going to die. It was an extraordinary ride down. Getting splashed(溅) with water, we raced up and down the rocks. There was not a piece of dry skin on us by the time we hit the bottom.
After we got through the rapids, I was so excited! Going down made me feel I could do anything. Our tour guide told us we were going to approach Category V rapids. It was more intense than the Category I rapids, and I got a little more nervous. It took us a little while to get to the rapids because we had to go down a long river. We were allowed to jump off the raft and swim down the river until we had to get back in.

注意:
(1)续写词数应为150左右;
(2)请按如下格式作答。
About three minutes later, the Category V was coming. The raft raced down the rapids. Water was splashing on the rocks, letting out louder noise. Screaming all the way down, I saw white water all over. I was so nervous because there were five huge rocks sticking out. If a little careless, we might hit one and get turned upside down. In a flash, we turned around the last huge rock, entering a small calm ride. When we settled at the bottom, I wanted to go back up and do it all again. 
After racing down all of the rapids, I was no longer scared. “What did you think about that Category V rapids?” my dad asked. “I was super nervous at first. But when we hit the bottom, I wanted to do it once more.” “Would you say you become more confident of yourself?” he continued. “Yes, I would say I become much more confident of myself,” I smiled. We walked towards our campsite.