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高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle课时作业
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这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle课时作业，共14页。
Section Ⅳ Assessing Your Progress & Video Time
[基础测评]
Ⅰ. 根据语境及汉语提示写出正确单词
1. James didn’t feel well recently and had a medical examination(检查) in the nearest hospital.
2. We shouldn’t be pessimistic(悲观的) about the future.
3. Whoever provides useful information to catch the robber will be rewarded(奖赏) by the police.
4. They were charged with disturbing(打扰) the public peace.
5. After an hour’s walk, he got refreshed(使恢复精力) with a glass of iced tea.
6. It is reported that millions of people die of illnesses caused by smoking cigarettes(香烟) every year.
7. As we all know, having an enthusiastic and dynamic(充满活力的) personality is important.
8. The folk song composed(作曲) by a famous musician 10 years ago is still popular with teenagers.
9. Studying online at home requires a great deal of discipline(自制力).
10. When the old man got up suddenly, he felt dizzy(头晕目眩的).
Ⅱ. 用方框中所给短语的正确形式填空
in response to, stress out, rely on,worn out, decide on, shave off, be composed of, make up one’s mind, straight away, prevent ... from
1. “Have you decided on a date for your travelling abroad?” the girl’s mother asked.
2. You shouldn’t always just rely on the Internet for research. You can make some practical research.
3. Once he has made up his mind, nothing can change it.
4. The doctor shaved off the patient’s hair to treat the injury on his head.
5. The government took effective measures in response to the increasing unemployment problem.
6. Hearing the news, he phoned his parents straight away.
7. With so many tasks to complete, he felt stressed out.
8. After a day of climbing, they were worn out.
9. It is said that the medical team is composed of six doctors and twenty nurses.
10. Something must be done to prevent the virus from spreading around the world.
Ⅲ. 句式仿写
1. These bad habits, if left unchecked, could lead to more serious ones when they become adults.
句式:连词+done ...
仿写:这种药如果服用不当对人的身体危害极大。
This medicine, if not taken properly, is very harmful to one’s body.
2. Soon that choice becomes automatic and forms a habit that is much harder to change.
句式:be+adj.(easy/hard ...)+to do
仿写:早晨的空气呼吸起来很舒适。
The air in the morning is pleasant to breathe.
3. After all, it is not easy to break bad habits.
句式:it is+adj.(+for sb)+to do
仿写:你有必要好好休息一下,这会为你提供足够的精力。
It’s necessary for you to take a good rest, which will provide enough energy for you.
4. Some of them may become involved in tobacco or alcohol abuse, which can lead to physical and mental health problems.
句式:which引导的非限制性定语从句
仿写:首先,展览的主题是环境保护,这不仅有意义,而且也很有趣。
To begin with, the theme of the show is Environmental Protection, which is not only meaningful but also interesting.
5. It has enhanced the quality of my life, improving my health and increasing my happiness.
句式:动词-ing形式作状语
仿写:在世界地球日到来之前,我们学校张贴了海报,呼吁我们参加一个绿色地球的行动。
Before the World Earth Day, posters were put up around our school, calling on us to join in an action for a green earth.
Ⅳ. 根据汉语句意完成英语句子
1. 我个人认为,珍视我们现在拥有的是非常重要的。
Personally, it is very important to treasure what we have at present.
2. 众所周知,早睡早起是个好习惯。
As we all know, going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit.
3. 再也没有什么比保持健康更珍贵了。
Nothing is more precious than keeping fit/healthy.
4. 今天下午你方便来机场接我吗?
Will it be convenient for you to pick me up at the airport this afternoon?
5. 他认为为旅行制订一个好的计划是必要的。
He thinks that it is necessary to make a good plan for the trip.
[提升测评]
Ⅴ. 阅读理解
A
Feeling achy and feverish? Your misery has plenty of company. By the end of December, the tally(记录) of flu-like illnesses in the state exceeded the peaks in the two previous seasons, when the biggest number of cases occurred in February and March. This time, the flu virus seems to be hitting even harder.
Flu is unique among human diseases. It circulates constantly in cool and dry areas. Because it spreads from person to person and can be picked up easily, nearly everyone is exposed. While it’s unclear whether the annual flu epidemic(流行病) will worsen this year, or just arrived earlier, fears have been increased by the severity of flu in Australia during its most recent season and the fact that the vaccine may protect against the predominant(盛行的) kind of the flu only 30 percent of the time.
Despite the worries, doctors and public health officials say there is no evidence that people are getting sicker than usual. Flu cases in Massachusetts started rising around Thanksgiving and increased steadily, with an especially steep climb in the last week of the year. “This is a bad flu season but not a horrible one,” said Dr Andrew G. Villanueva, a lung specialist and chief quality officer at the Lahey Hospital & Medical Centre in Burlington.
“The flu season, while clearly in full swing, doesn’t ‘feel different’ from previous years,” Villanueva said. “We’re not seeing a lot of people being hospitalised because of flu,” he said. “Most people with the flu recover on their own without medical care.”
1. What’s the function of the first paragraph?
A. A lead-in. B. A comment.
C. A summary. D. A background.
解析:推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知,流感患者人数达到高峰,这次似乎更加凶猛。据此下文展开了关于此次流感的分析并介绍了专家的一些评论。第一段是文章的导入部分,故选A。
答案:A
2. What can be learned about the flu of this year according to the text?
A. The outbreak of the flu of this year doesn’t seem different from previous years.
B. The flu has arrived earlier than before.
C. The vaccine against the flu is highly effective.
D. Everyone feels horrible at the mention of the flu.
解析:细节理解题。根据最后一段可知,这次的流感季与前几年没有任何不同。我们没有看到很多人因为流感住院。多数得了流感的人没有接受医疗护理就自己康复了。故选A。
答案:A
3. What does the underlined part in paragraph 4 mean?
A. Crowded. B. Changeable.
C. Permanent. D. Active.
解析:词义猜测题。根据上一段中的“This is a bad flu season but not a horrible one”可知,这是一个糟糕的流感季,但并不可怕,再结合画线词后的“doesn’t ‘feel different’ from previous years”可知,流感虽然明显处于高发期,但感觉与往年没有什么不同,由此可知画线短语的意思为“活跃的”。故选D。
答案:D
4. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A. To explain what flu is.
B. To rid people of flu panic.
C. To warn readers of how serious the flu is.
D. To inform readers how to prevent the flu.
解析:推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知,专家说今年的流感与往年没什么不同,没有很多人因流感而住院,大多数流感患者可自行康复,由此可知,这篇文章的目的是消除人们对流感的恐慌。故选B。
答案:B
B
Sleep is essential for a person’s well-being. Researchers have found that sleep loss increases a person’s risk of developing serious medical conditions. Now, a new study has found that getting enough sleep is also the key to improving academic performance.
Jeffrey Grossman, who led the research, was not trying to find the correlation(相关性) between sleep and grades when he handed out a device to the students in his class. Instead, the professor hoped the popular wrist-worn electronic device, which tracks a person’s activity 24/7, would show a connection between physical exercise and academic achievement.
As part of the research, a quarter of the participants chose a fitness class specially created for the study. After the school term ended, the researchers carefully analysed the data. Much to Grossman’s surprise, they found no measurable difference in test performance between the group that had been physically active and the group that had not.
However, the study presented a surprising viewpoint in the journal Science of Learning. Going through the large amount of data, Grossman noticed an interesting trend(趋势) from the participants’ sleep patterns. There was a straight-line relationship between the average amount of sleep and his/her grade in the exams.
Besides, it was not enough for students to just head to bed early the night before a test. Grossman says, “We’ve heard the phrase ‘Get a good night’s sleep. You’ve got a big day tomorrow.’ It turns out this does not relate at all to test performance. Instead, it’s the sleep you get during the days when learning is happening that matters most.”
The time when students went to bed each night was similarly important. Those who went to bed in the early hours of the morning performed poorly, even if the total sleep time was the same as a higher-performing student.
The research does not prove that sleep is the only component that helps improve academic performance. However, Grossman says the results are a strong indication that sleep really matters. Who knew getting A’s just required some extra ZZZ’s?
5. What’s Grossman’s original purpose by using the device in the research?
A. To improve students’ sleep patterns.
B. To regulate students’ daily behaviour.
C. To monitor students’ physical condition.
D. To find effects of physical exercise on grades.
解析:细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Instead, the professor hoped the popular wrist-worn electronic device, which tracks a person’s activity 24/7, would show a connection between physical exercise and academic achievement.”可知,这位教授最初希望这款腕式电子装置能够显示出体育锻炼和学习成绩之间的联系。故选D。
答案:D
6. What did Grossman think of the research result?
A. It was unexpected.
B. It was changeable.
C. It was unreliable.
D. It was fruitless.
解析:推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Much to Grossman’s surprise, they found no measurable difference in test performance between the group that had been physically active and the group that had not.”可知,令格罗斯曼大为惊讶的是,他们发现,在运动组和非运动组之间,测试成绩并没有显著的差异。格罗斯曼认为研究结果是出乎意料的。故选A。
答案:A
7. What plays a more important part in test performance?
A. Sleep in the learning stage.
B. The average amount of sleep during tests.
C. Sleep quality the night before a test.
D. A regular bedtime.
解析:细节理解题。根据第五段中的“It turns out this does not relate at all to test performance. Instead, it’s the sleep you get during the days when learning is happening that matters most.”可知,在学习阶段的睡眠在考试成绩中起着更重要的作用。故选A。
答案:A
8. What is a suitable title for the text?
A. Be Physically Active and Sleep More
B. Enough Sleep Benefits Our Well-being
C. Catch ZZZ’s for Good Test Performance
D. The More Exercise, the Better School-work
解析:标题归纳题。文章主要讲述了研究发现充足的睡眠不仅对人的身体有好处,而且也是提高学习成绩的关键。因此,本文的标题应是“充足的睡眠有益于我们的健康”。故选B。
答案:B
C
When it comes to helping students learn and mature, there are several ways to increase their well-being. Although your children may be succeeding in the classroom, there are a few things that you still can do.
Encouraging physical activity is the first thing you can do. More and more children do not participate in sports after school. It’s important for you to encourage mobility with sports played after class. You should find sports equipment, basketball courts and play areas where kids can increase their well-being. 9.
Secondly, you can provide proper nutrition for your children. It’s important for your children to receive proper nutrition both inside and outside of the home. 10. You’d better make it a point to provide enough nutrition for their proper development and growth.
11. Many parents fail to stop children from using smartphones and computers. There are some institutions that even encourage too much screen time as a way to teach children or keep them entertained. You should help the children remain excited without sitting in front of a screen throughout the day.
Last but not least, monitoring bullying(欺凌) is also an essential part. Bullying continues to remain a common problem in some schools, making it important that the environment that your children grow in holds a high standard. 12.
It’s important to examine the school life as a whole to determine what factors are missing. 13. You may determine how well they adjust to the world around them and succeed in life.
A. You should provide kids with fresh food.
B. Besides, you’d better limit their screen time.
C. It will encourage children to focus on their study.
D. In addition, try your best to give them more freedom.
E. This will reduce the risk of health conditions that include obesity.
F. You can advise teachers to keep a practice of looking for bullying.
G. Parents play a significant role in children’s growth and well-being.
9. 解析:上文提示“你应该找到运动器材、篮球场和玩耍的地方,在那里孩子们可以提高他们的幸福感”,为承接上文,E项“这将降低包括肥胖在内的健康状况的风险”切题。故选E。
答案:E
10. 解析:上文提示“让你的孩子在家庭内外都得到适当的营养是很重要的”,再根据下文提示“你最好注意为他们的正常发育和成长提供足够的营养”,A项“你应该给孩子们提供新鲜的食物”承接上下文,切题。故选A。
答案:A
11. 解析:下文提示“许多家长未能阻止孩子使用智能手机和电脑”,B项“此外,你最好限制他们使用电子设备的时间”承接下文,切题。该项中的Besides呼应了上文的Secondly。故选B。
答案:B
12. 解析:上文提示“在一些学校里,欺凌仍然是一个普遍的问题,这使得你的孩子成长的环境保持高标准变得很重要”,F项“你可以建议老师坚持关注欺凌”承接上文,切题。故选F。
答案:F
13. 解析:上文提示“从整体来研究学校生活是重要的,以确定哪些因素是缺失的”,再根据下文“你可以决定他们如何适应周围的世界,在生活中取得成功”,可知G项“父母在孩子的成长和幸福感方面发挥着重要的作用”切题。故选G。
答案:G
Ⅵ. 完形填空
On October 13, a small plane flying to Chile accidentally crashed into a mountain in the Andes. How some of the passengers 1 to live is one of the greatest survival stories ever told.
The survivors stayed inside the remains of the plane, using seat covers for blankets, and waited for a 2 that never came. Days turned into weeks. It was urgent to find a way to 3 . Three of the passengers—Canessa, Parrado, and Vizintin volunteered to 4
through the mountains to search for help. When they left, each man wore
5 clothes: three pairs of socks, a plastic bag around each foot to keep the water out, boots, four pairs of trousers and four sweaters. Many of the clothes came from those who died in the crash. The three men
6 that they would survive and bring back help.
For part of the first day, they were glad to make some 7 . But as the land and weather changed, climbing became 8 . After several days, they reached what they thought was the top. They had imagined this moment for days. On the other side of the top, they hoped, would be a valley leading down and out of the mountains. However, they saw the same snow-covered tops. All hope wasn’t 9 . Although they were still in the middle of the mountains, Parrado 10 two low tops far away that didn’t have snow. If they got there, they would be out of the Andes.
Within the following days, they walked towards the two low tops. Little by little, the landscape began to change. Snow 11 completely, and flowers were everywhere. “This is the valley,” Canessa said. “This is the way out.” Then things of humanity started to appear—a few cans on the ground, some farm animals in a field. By December 21, the extremely
12 men made it to the town of Los Maitenes, and a rescue team was sent immediately to search for the survivors who were still high in the Andes.
Finally all of the remaining survivors were 13 . The memories of the crash in the Andes would be with them forever, but for now, their terrible 14 was over. They had made it out— 15 .
1. A. learned B. expected
C. decided D. managed
解析:一些乘客是如何设法幸存下来的,这是史上最伟大的求生故事之一。learn学会;expect期待;decide决定;manage设法,管理。结合后文“... to live is one of the greatest survival stories ever told”可知,故事是关于一些乘客如何设法幸存下来的。manage to do sth“设法做成某事”。故选D。
答案:D
2. A. present B. rescue
C. message D. danger
解析:present礼物;rescue救援;message消息;danger危险。结合上文可知飞机失事了,幸存的乘客待在飞机残骸里等待救援。故选B。
答案:B
3. A. prepare B. continue
C. escape D. develop
解析:急需找到逃生的办法。prepare准备;continue 继续;escape逃生,逃跑;develop发展。根据上文“Days turned into weeks.”可知他们等待的时间越来越长,所以急需找到逃生的办法。故选C。
答案:C
4. A. journey B. compare
C. measure D. expand
解析:其中三名乘客卡内萨、帕拉多和维任廷自愿步行穿越山区去寻求帮助。journey旅行;compare比较;measure测量;expand扩张。根据后文“through the mountains to search for help”可知这三名乘客自愿穿越山区去寻求帮助。journey此处为动词,表示“旅行,行走”。故选A。
答案:A
5. A. various B. different
C. unique D. similar
解析:当他们离开的时候,每个人都穿着相似的衣服:三双袜子,每只脚上都裹着一个塑料袋用来防水,靴子,四条裤子和四件毛衣。various各种各样的;different不同的;unique唯一的,独特的;similar相似的。故选D。
答案:D
6. A. admitted B. demanded
C. informed D. promised
解析:这三个人承诺他们会活下来并把救援人员带回来。admit承认;
demand要求;inform通知;promise 承诺。结合后文“that they would survive and bring back help”可知他们出发前承诺自己会活下来并把救援人员带回来。故选D。
答案:D
7. A. plans B. efforts
C. progress D. suggestions
解析:在第一天的部分时间里,他们很高兴取得了一些进展。plan计划;
effort努力;progress进步,进展;suggestion建议。根据上文“they were glad”可知他们取得了一些进展。短语make some progress表示“取得一些进展”。故选C。
答案:C
8. A. tougher B. heavier
C. sharper D. narrower
解析:但随着地形和天气的变化,登山变得更加艰难。tougher更艰难的;
heavier更重的;sharper更锐利的;narrower更窄的。根据上文“But as the land and weather changed”可知地形和天气的变化让他们求助之行日益困难。but表示与之前“取得进展高兴”形成转折。故选A。
答案:A
9. A. lost B. left
C. sent D. kept
解析:并不是失去了所有的希望。lose失去;leave离开;send发送;keep保持。结合后文帕拉多发现远处有两个低矮的山顶没有积雪可知,他们还没有完全失去走出去的希望。故选A。
答案:A
10. A. rejected B. counted
C. spotted D. mentioned
解析:尽管他们还在山中央,帕拉多发现远处有两个低矮的山顶没有积雪。reject拒绝;count计数;spot发现;mention提到。根据后文“two low tops far away that didn’t have snow”可知帕拉多发现远处有两个低矮的山顶没有积雪。故选C。
答案:C
11. A. declined B. froze
C. spread D. disappeared
解析:雪完全消失了,到处都是鲜花。decline下降;freeze冻结;spread传播;disappear消失。根据后文“completely, and flowers were everywhere”可知积雪完全消失了,到处都是鲜花。故选D。
答案:D
12. A. frightened B. disappointed
C. tired D. puzzled
解析:到12月21日,这些极度疲惫的人到达了Los Maitenes镇,一个救援队立即被派去搜寻仍然在安第斯山脉高处的幸存者。frightened害怕的;disappointed 失望的;tired疲惫的;puzzled困惑的。根据第三段内容可知这三位寻找出路的人在山里走了许多天,已经非常疲惫了。故选C。
答案:C
13. A. listed B. saved
C. picked D. treated
解析:最后所有剩下的幸存者都得救了。list列出;save拯救;pick挑选;
treat对待。上文提到了救援队去搜寻幸存者,结合上文“Finally all of the remaining survivors were”可知所有的幸存者都得救了。故选B。
答案:B
14. A. performance B. experience
C. challenge D. exploration
解析:在安第斯山脉飞机坠毁的记忆将永远伴随着他们,但现在,他们可怕的经历已经结束了。performance表现;experience经历;challenge挑战;exploration探索。这一次在安第斯山脉中的飞机坠毁事件对这些乘客来说是一次可怕的经历。故选B。
答案:B
15. A. alive B. cool
C. free D. crazy
解析:他们活着出来了。alive活着的;cool凉爽的;free自由的;crazy疯狂的。虽然艰难,但是这些乘客都活着从山里出来了。故选A。
答案:A
Ⅶ. 读后续写
It was a bitterly cold and dark day in December. I was walking home from work, hungry and worn out after my long day. My team was due to complete our big project before we left for our winter vacation, but our boss delivered bad news that our client had contacted him and demanded a major revision to the project before they would accept it. The whole team was desperate—we were so close to finishing and now we would most likely have to work overtime and miss the entire vacation.
So caught up in my anxious thoughts was I that I failed to watch where I was walking until I stepped off the sidewalk and into a giant, half-frozen pool of water by the side of the road. I could feel the icy water into my shoes and socks, slowly soaking into my trouser legs around my ankles. I sighed deeply and almost cried—I was having, as my grandmother always used to say,“one of those days when nothing goes your way”.
A wave of loneliness filled me. I loved my job and my coworkers and most days when I was satisfied with my life, but now, especially around the holidays, the reminders that I didn’t have a partner or children like my sister or some of my coworkers did fill me with sadness.
As I looked down sadly at my unpleasant situation, I saw a brief spot of movement out of the corner of my eye. There, attached to a cold piece of cardboard in the middle of the pool, was a small spot of grey fur. As I watched, the little spot moved again. It was a cat!
注意:
(1)续写词数应为150左右;
(2)请按如下格式作答。
Slowly and carefully so as not to frighten it, I bent down and picked up the cat. The cat cried loudly as I lifted it into the air, biting my fingers with surprising strength. I was glad to see that it was so energetic—I hoped that meant it would be more likely to survive. Ignoring the kitten’s cry, I carefully put it against my chest inside my coat to try and keep it warm. My ignorance made me anxious—I didn’t know what I was doing and I didn’t want to harm the poor creature. But after another cry, the cat became calm and went to sleep.
My sister is a nurse, and therefore the family expert on caring for animals. I hurried to call and ask for her advice. She calmly and efficiently told me what to do as I hurried home, stopping briefly at a corner store to buy some supplies she insisted I would need. When I finally reached my apartment, I dried the cat and fed it with the food I had bought. The cat still looked at me with great fear, but the food seemed to be winning it over. As the cat once more fell asleep, now happy and warm, I smiled. After all perhaps I would not have a lonely vacation this year.
Section Ⅳ Assessing Your Progress & Video Time
[基础测评]
Ⅰ. 根据语境及汉语提示写出正确单词
1. James didn’t feel well recently and had a medical examination(检查) in the nearest hospital.
2. We shouldn’t be pessimistic(悲观的) about the future.
3. Whoever provides useful information to catch the robber will be rewarded(奖赏) by the police.
4. They were charged with disturbing(打扰) the public peace.
5. After an hour’s walk, he got refreshed(使恢复精力) with a glass of iced tea.
6. It is reported that millions of people die of illnesses caused by smoking cigarettes(香烟) every year.
7. As we all know, having an enthusiastic and dynamic(充满活力的) personality is important.
8. The folk song composed(作曲) by a famous musician 10 years ago is still popular with teenagers.
9. Studying online at home requires a great deal of discipline(自制力).
10. When the old man got up suddenly, he felt dizzy(头晕目眩的).
Ⅱ. 用方框中所给短语的正确形式填空
in response to, stress out, rely on,worn out, decide on, shave off, be composed of, make up one’s mind, straight away, prevent ... from
1. “Have you decided on a date for your travelling abroad?” the girl’s mother asked.
2. You shouldn’t always just rely on the Internet for research. You can make some practical research.
3. Once he has made up his mind, nothing can change it.
4. The doctor shaved off the patient’s hair to treat the injury on his head.
5. The government took effective measures in response to the increasing unemployment problem.
6. Hearing the news, he phoned his parents straight away.
7. With so many tasks to complete, he felt stressed out.
8. After a day of climbing, they were worn out.
9. It is said that the medical team is composed of six doctors and twenty nurses.
10. Something must be done to prevent the virus from spreading around the world.
Ⅲ. 句式仿写
1. These bad habits, if left unchecked, could lead to more serious ones when they become adults.
句式:连词+done ...
仿写:这种药如果服用不当对人的身体危害极大。
This medicine, if not taken properly, is very harmful to one’s body.
2. Soon that choice becomes automatic and forms a habit that is much harder to change.
句式:be+adj.(easy/hard ...)+to do
仿写:早晨的空气呼吸起来很舒适。
The air in the morning is pleasant to breathe.
3. After all, it is not easy to break bad habits.
句式:it is+adj.(+for sb)+to do
仿写:你有必要好好休息一下,这会为你提供足够的精力。
It’s necessary for you to take a good rest, which will provide enough energy for you.
4. Some of them may become involved in tobacco or alcohol abuse, which can lead to physical and mental health problems.
句式:which引导的非限制性定语从句
仿写:首先,展览的主题是环境保护,这不仅有意义,而且也很有趣。
To begin with, the theme of the show is Environmental Protection, which is not only meaningful but also interesting.
5. It has enhanced the quality of my life, improving my health and increasing my happiness.
句式:动词-ing形式作状语
仿写:在世界地球日到来之前,我们学校张贴了海报,呼吁我们参加一个绿色地球的行动。
Before the World Earth Day, posters were put up around our school, calling on us to join in an action for a green earth.
Ⅳ. 根据汉语句意完成英语句子
1. 我个人认为,珍视我们现在拥有的是非常重要的。
Personally, it is very important to treasure what we have at present.
2. 众所周知,早睡早起是个好习惯。
As we all know, going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit.
3. 再也没有什么比保持健康更珍贵了。
Nothing is more precious than keeping fit/healthy.
4. 今天下午你方便来机场接我吗?
Will it be convenient for you to pick me up at the airport this afternoon?
5. 他认为为旅行制订一个好的计划是必要的。
He thinks that it is necessary to make a good plan for the trip.
[提升测评]
Ⅴ. 阅读理解
A
Feeling achy and feverish? Your misery has plenty of company. By the end of December, the tally(记录) of flu-like illnesses in the state exceeded the peaks in the two previous seasons, when the biggest number of cases occurred in February and March. This time, the flu virus seems to be hitting even harder.
Flu is unique among human diseases. It circulates constantly in cool and dry areas. Because it spreads from person to person and can be picked up easily, nearly everyone is exposed. While it’s unclear whether the annual flu epidemic(流行病) will worsen this year, or just arrived earlier, fears have been increased by the severity of flu in Australia during its most recent season and the fact that the vaccine may protect against the predominant(盛行的) kind of the flu only 30 percent of the time.
Despite the worries, doctors and public health officials say there is no evidence that people are getting sicker than usual. Flu cases in Massachusetts started rising around Thanksgiving and increased steadily, with an especially steep climb in the last week of the year. “This is a bad flu season but not a horrible one,” said Dr Andrew G. Villanueva, a lung specialist and chief quality officer at the Lahey Hospital & Medical Centre in Burlington.
“The flu season, while clearly in full swing, doesn’t ‘feel different’ from previous years,” Villanueva said. “We’re not seeing a lot of people being hospitalised because of flu,” he said. “Most people with the flu recover on their own without medical care.”
1. What’s the function of the first paragraph?
A. A lead-in. B. A comment.
C. A summary. D. A background.
解析:推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知,流感患者人数达到高峰,这次似乎更加凶猛。据此下文展开了关于此次流感的分析并介绍了专家的一些评论。第一段是文章的导入部分,故选A。
答案:A
2. What can be learned about the flu of this year according to the text?
A. The outbreak of the flu of this year doesn’t seem different from previous years.
B. The flu has arrived earlier than before.
C. The vaccine against the flu is highly effective.
D. Everyone feels horrible at the mention of the flu.
解析:细节理解题。根据最后一段可知,这次的流感季与前几年没有任何不同。我们没有看到很多人因为流感住院。多数得了流感的人没有接受医疗护理就自己康复了。故选A。
答案:A
3. What does the underlined part in paragraph 4 mean?
A. Crowded. B. Changeable.
C. Permanent. D. Active.
解析:词义猜测题。根据上一段中的“This is a bad flu season but not a horrible one”可知,这是一个糟糕的流感季,但并不可怕,再结合画线词后的“doesn’t ‘feel different’ from previous years”可知,流感虽然明显处于高发期,但感觉与往年没有什么不同,由此可知画线短语的意思为“活跃的”。故选D。
答案:D
4. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A. To explain what flu is.
B. To rid people of flu panic.
C. To warn readers of how serious the flu is.
D. To inform readers how to prevent the flu.
解析:推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知,专家说今年的流感与往年没什么不同,没有很多人因流感而住院,大多数流感患者可自行康复,由此可知,这篇文章的目的是消除人们对流感的恐慌。故选B。
答案:B
B
Sleep is essential for a person’s well-being. Researchers have found that sleep loss increases a person’s risk of developing serious medical conditions. Now, a new study has found that getting enough sleep is also the key to improving academic performance.
Jeffrey Grossman, who led the research, was not trying to find the correlation(相关性) between sleep and grades when he handed out a device to the students in his class. Instead, the professor hoped the popular wrist-worn electronic device, which tracks a person’s activity 24/7, would show a connection between physical exercise and academic achievement.
As part of the research, a quarter of the participants chose a fitness class specially created for the study. After the school term ended, the researchers carefully analysed the data. Much to Grossman’s surprise, they found no measurable difference in test performance between the group that had been physically active and the group that had not.
However, the study presented a surprising viewpoint in the journal Science of Learning. Going through the large amount of data, Grossman noticed an interesting trend(趋势) from the participants’ sleep patterns. There was a straight-line relationship between the average amount of sleep and his/her grade in the exams.
Besides, it was not enough for students to just head to bed early the night before a test. Grossman says, “We’ve heard the phrase ‘Get a good night’s sleep. You’ve got a big day tomorrow.’ It turns out this does not relate at all to test performance. Instead, it’s the sleep you get during the days when learning is happening that matters most.”
The time when students went to bed each night was similarly important. Those who went to bed in the early hours of the morning performed poorly, even if the total sleep time was the same as a higher-performing student.
The research does not prove that sleep is the only component that helps improve academic performance. However, Grossman says the results are a strong indication that sleep really matters. Who knew getting A’s just required some extra ZZZ’s?
5. What’s Grossman’s original purpose by using the device in the research?
A. To improve students’ sleep patterns.
B. To regulate students’ daily behaviour.
C. To monitor students’ physical condition.
D. To find effects of physical exercise on grades.
解析:细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Instead, the professor hoped the popular wrist-worn electronic device, which tracks a person’s activity 24/7, would show a connection between physical exercise and academic achievement.”可知,这位教授最初希望这款腕式电子装置能够显示出体育锻炼和学习成绩之间的联系。故选D。
答案:D
6. What did Grossman think of the research result?
A. It was unexpected.
B. It was changeable.
C. It was unreliable.
D. It was fruitless.
解析:推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Much to Grossman’s surprise, they found no measurable difference in test performance between the group that had been physically active and the group that had not.”可知,令格罗斯曼大为惊讶的是,他们发现,在运动组和非运动组之间,测试成绩并没有显著的差异。格罗斯曼认为研究结果是出乎意料的。故选A。
答案:A
7. What plays a more important part in test performance?
A. Sleep in the learning stage.
B. The average amount of sleep during tests.
C. Sleep quality the night before a test.
D. A regular bedtime.
解析:细节理解题。根据第五段中的“It turns out this does not relate at all to test performance. Instead, it’s the sleep you get during the days when learning is happening that matters most.”可知,在学习阶段的睡眠在考试成绩中起着更重要的作用。故选A。
答案:A
8. What is a suitable title for the text?
A. Be Physically Active and Sleep More
B. Enough Sleep Benefits Our Well-being
C. Catch ZZZ’s for Good Test Performance
D. The More Exercise, the Better School-work
解析:标题归纳题。文章主要讲述了研究发现充足的睡眠不仅对人的身体有好处,而且也是提高学习成绩的关键。因此,本文的标题应是“充足的睡眠有益于我们的健康”。故选B。
答案:B
C
When it comes to helping students learn and mature, there are several ways to increase their well-being. Although your children may be succeeding in the classroom, there are a few things that you still can do.
Encouraging physical activity is the first thing you can do. More and more children do not participate in sports after school. It’s important for you to encourage mobility with sports played after class. You should find sports equipment, basketball courts and play areas where kids can increase their well-being. 9.
Secondly, you can provide proper nutrition for your children. It’s important for your children to receive proper nutrition both inside and outside of the home. 10. You’d better make it a point to provide enough nutrition for their proper development and growth.
11. Many parents fail to stop children from using smartphones and computers. There are some institutions that even encourage too much screen time as a way to teach children or keep them entertained. You should help the children remain excited without sitting in front of a screen throughout the day.
Last but not least, monitoring bullying(欺凌) is also an essential part. Bullying continues to remain a common problem in some schools, making it important that the environment that your children grow in holds a high standard. 12.
It’s important to examine the school life as a whole to determine what factors are missing. 13. You may determine how well they adjust to the world around them and succeed in life.
A. You should provide kids with fresh food.
B. Besides, you’d better limit their screen time.
C. It will encourage children to focus on their study.
D. In addition, try your best to give them more freedom.
E. This will reduce the risk of health conditions that include obesity.
F. You can advise teachers to keep a practice of looking for bullying.
G. Parents play a significant role in children’s growth and well-being.
9. 解析:上文提示“你应该找到运动器材、篮球场和玩耍的地方,在那里孩子们可以提高他们的幸福感”,为承接上文,E项“这将降低包括肥胖在内的健康状况的风险”切题。故选E。
答案:E
10. 解析:上文提示“让你的孩子在家庭内外都得到适当的营养是很重要的”,再根据下文提示“你最好注意为他们的正常发育和成长提供足够的营养”,A项“你应该给孩子们提供新鲜的食物”承接上下文,切题。故选A。
答案:A
11. 解析:下文提示“许多家长未能阻止孩子使用智能手机和电脑”,B项“此外,你最好限制他们使用电子设备的时间”承接下文,切题。该项中的Besides呼应了上文的Secondly。故选B。
答案:B
12. 解析:上文提示“在一些学校里,欺凌仍然是一个普遍的问题,这使得你的孩子成长的环境保持高标准变得很重要”,F项“你可以建议老师坚持关注欺凌”承接上文,切题。故选F。
答案:F
13. 解析:上文提示“从整体来研究学校生活是重要的,以确定哪些因素是缺失的”,再根据下文“你可以决定他们如何适应周围的世界,在生活中取得成功”,可知G项“父母在孩子的成长和幸福感方面发挥着重要的作用”切题。故选G。
答案:G
Ⅵ. 完形填空
On October 13, a small plane flying to Chile accidentally crashed into a mountain in the Andes. How some of the passengers 1 to live is one of the greatest survival stories ever told.
The survivors stayed inside the remains of the plane, using seat covers for blankets, and waited for a 2 that never came. Days turned into weeks. It was urgent to find a way to 3 . Three of the passengers—Canessa, Parrado, and Vizintin volunteered to 4
through the mountains to search for help. When they left, each man wore
5 clothes: three pairs of socks, a plastic bag around each foot to keep the water out, boots, four pairs of trousers and four sweaters. Many of the clothes came from those who died in the crash. The three men
6 that they would survive and bring back help.
For part of the first day, they were glad to make some 7 . But as the land and weather changed, climbing became 8 . After several days, they reached what they thought was the top. They had imagined this moment for days. On the other side of the top, they hoped, would be a valley leading down and out of the mountains. However, they saw the same snow-covered tops. All hope wasn’t 9 . Although they were still in the middle of the mountains, Parrado 10 two low tops far away that didn’t have snow. If they got there, they would be out of the Andes.
Within the following days, they walked towards the two low tops. Little by little, the landscape began to change. Snow 11 completely, and flowers were everywhere. “This is the valley,” Canessa said. “This is the way out.” Then things of humanity started to appear—a few cans on the ground, some farm animals in a field. By December 21, the extremely
12 men made it to the town of Los Maitenes, and a rescue team was sent immediately to search for the survivors who were still high in the Andes.
Finally all of the remaining survivors were 13 . The memories of the crash in the Andes would be with them forever, but for now, their terrible 14 was over. They had made it out— 15 .
1. A. learned B. expected
C. decided D. managed
解析:一些乘客是如何设法幸存下来的,这是史上最伟大的求生故事之一。learn学会;expect期待;decide决定;manage设法,管理。结合后文“... to live is one of the greatest survival stories ever told”可知,故事是关于一些乘客如何设法幸存下来的。manage to do sth“设法做成某事”。故选D。
答案:D
2. A. present B. rescue
C. message D. danger
解析:present礼物;rescue救援;message消息;danger危险。结合上文可知飞机失事了,幸存的乘客待在飞机残骸里等待救援。故选B。
答案:B
3. A. prepare B. continue
C. escape D. develop
解析:急需找到逃生的办法。prepare准备;continue 继续;escape逃生,逃跑;develop发展。根据上文“Days turned into weeks.”可知他们等待的时间越来越长,所以急需找到逃生的办法。故选C。
答案:C
4. A. journey B. compare
C. measure D. expand
解析:其中三名乘客卡内萨、帕拉多和维任廷自愿步行穿越山区去寻求帮助。journey旅行;compare比较;measure测量;expand扩张。根据后文“through the mountains to search for help”可知这三名乘客自愿穿越山区去寻求帮助。journey此处为动词,表示“旅行,行走”。故选A。
答案:A
5. A. various B. different
C. unique D. similar
解析:当他们离开的时候,每个人都穿着相似的衣服:三双袜子,每只脚上都裹着一个塑料袋用来防水,靴子,四条裤子和四件毛衣。various各种各样的;different不同的;unique唯一的,独特的;similar相似的。故选D。
答案:D
6. A. admitted B. demanded
C. informed D. promised
解析:这三个人承诺他们会活下来并把救援人员带回来。admit承认;
demand要求;inform通知;promise 承诺。结合后文“that they would survive and bring back help”可知他们出发前承诺自己会活下来并把救援人员带回来。故选D。
答案:D
7. A. plans B. efforts
C. progress D. suggestions
解析:在第一天的部分时间里,他们很高兴取得了一些进展。plan计划;
effort努力;progress进步,进展;suggestion建议。根据上文“they were glad”可知他们取得了一些进展。短语make some progress表示“取得一些进展”。故选C。
答案:C
8. A. tougher B. heavier
C. sharper D. narrower
解析:但随着地形和天气的变化,登山变得更加艰难。tougher更艰难的;
heavier更重的;sharper更锐利的;narrower更窄的。根据上文“But as the land and weather changed”可知地形和天气的变化让他们求助之行日益困难。but表示与之前“取得进展高兴”形成转折。故选A。
答案:A
9. A. lost B. left
C. sent D. kept
解析:并不是失去了所有的希望。lose失去;leave离开;send发送;keep保持。结合后文帕拉多发现远处有两个低矮的山顶没有积雪可知,他们还没有完全失去走出去的希望。故选A。
答案:A
10. A. rejected B. counted
C. spotted D. mentioned
解析:尽管他们还在山中央,帕拉多发现远处有两个低矮的山顶没有积雪。reject拒绝;count计数;spot发现;mention提到。根据后文“two low tops far away that didn’t have snow”可知帕拉多发现远处有两个低矮的山顶没有积雪。故选C。
答案:C
11. A. declined B. froze
C. spread D. disappeared
解析:雪完全消失了,到处都是鲜花。decline下降;freeze冻结;spread传播;disappear消失。根据后文“completely, and flowers were everywhere”可知积雪完全消失了,到处都是鲜花。故选D。
答案:D
12. A. frightened B. disappointed
C. tired D. puzzled
解析:到12月21日,这些极度疲惫的人到达了Los Maitenes镇,一个救援队立即被派去搜寻仍然在安第斯山脉高处的幸存者。frightened害怕的;disappointed 失望的;tired疲惫的;puzzled困惑的。根据第三段内容可知这三位寻找出路的人在山里走了许多天,已经非常疲惫了。故选C。
答案:C
13. A. listed B. saved
C. picked D. treated
解析:最后所有剩下的幸存者都得救了。list列出;save拯救;pick挑选;
treat对待。上文提到了救援队去搜寻幸存者,结合上文“Finally all of the remaining survivors were”可知所有的幸存者都得救了。故选B。
答案:B
14. A. performance B. experience
C. challenge D. exploration
解析:在安第斯山脉飞机坠毁的记忆将永远伴随着他们,但现在,他们可怕的经历已经结束了。performance表现;experience经历;challenge挑战;exploration探索。这一次在安第斯山脉中的飞机坠毁事件对这些乘客来说是一次可怕的经历。故选B。
答案:B
15. A. alive B. cool
C. free D. crazy
解析:他们活着出来了。alive活着的;cool凉爽的;free自由的;crazy疯狂的。虽然艰难,但是这些乘客都活着从山里出来了。故选A。
答案:A
Ⅶ. 读后续写
It was a bitterly cold and dark day in December. I was walking home from work, hungry and worn out after my long day. My team was due to complete our big project before we left for our winter vacation, but our boss delivered bad news that our client had contacted him and demanded a major revision to the project before they would accept it. The whole team was desperate—we were so close to finishing and now we would most likely have to work overtime and miss the entire vacation.
So caught up in my anxious thoughts was I that I failed to watch where I was walking until I stepped off the sidewalk and into a giant, half-frozen pool of water by the side of the road. I could feel the icy water into my shoes and socks, slowly soaking into my trouser legs around my ankles. I sighed deeply and almost cried—I was having, as my grandmother always used to say,“one of those days when nothing goes your way”.
A wave of loneliness filled me. I loved my job and my coworkers and most days when I was satisfied with my life, but now, especially around the holidays, the reminders that I didn’t have a partner or children like my sister or some of my coworkers did fill me with sadness.
As I looked down sadly at my unpleasant situation, I saw a brief spot of movement out of the corner of my eye. There, attached to a cold piece of cardboard in the middle of the pool, was a small spot of grey fur. As I watched, the little spot moved again. It was a cat!
注意:
(1)续写词数应为150左右;
(2)请按如下格式作答。
Slowly and carefully so as not to frighten it, I bent down and picked up the cat. The cat cried loudly as I lifted it into the air, biting my fingers with surprising strength. I was glad to see that it was so energetic—I hoped that meant it would be more likely to survive. Ignoring the kitten’s cry, I carefully put it against my chest inside my coat to try and keep it warm. My ignorance made me anxious—I didn’t know what I was doing and I didn’t want to harm the poor creature. But after another cry, the cat became calm and went to sleep.
My sister is a nurse, and therefore the family expert on caring for animals. I hurried to call and ask for her advice. She calmly and efficiently told me what to do as I hurried home, stopping briefly at a corner store to buy some supplies she insisted I would need. When I finally reached my apartment, I dried the cat and fed it with the food I had bought. The cat still looked at me with great fear, but the food seemed to be winning it over. As the cat once more fell asleep, now happy and warm, I smiled. After all perhaps I would not have a lonely vacation this year.
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