人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 2 Looking into the Future精品课后复习题

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目标导航jing
Grammar——复习名词性从句
用适当的连接词填空
1．The first time that she had t write an essay, her tutr explained that she must acknwledge what ther peple had said if she cited their ideas, but that he mainly wanted t knw what she thught!
2．At first, Xie Lei had n idea what she shuld say, but what surprised her was that she fund herself speaking up in class after just a few weeks.
3．What seemed strange befre nw appears quite nrmal t her.
【自主发现】
当一个从句的性质相当于一个名词，并在主从复合句中作主语、宾语、表语或同位语时，这个从句被称为名词性从句。
语法知识
一、主语从句(subject clause)
主语从句就是在复合句中起主语作用的从句。主语从句的连接词有：
eq \b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\c1(从属连词：that，whether，if,连接代词：what，which，wh，whm，whse，whatever，,whichever，whever，whmever,连接副词：when，where，why，hw))
1．that引导的主语从句
(1)that在主语从句中不充当成分，也没有含义，但通常不能省略。
That ur team had wn first prize made us very happy.我们队获得了第一名，这使我们很高兴。
That M Yan had been awarded the 2012 Nbel Prize in Literature made us very prud.莫言获颁2012年诺贝尔文学奖使我们非常骄傲。
(2)that从句作主语时，为避免头重脚轻，使句子平衡，常用it作形式主语，而将主语从句后置。常用it作形式主语代替that从句的句型有以下几种：
①It＋be＋形容词(bvius，true，natural，wnderful，likely, pssible，certain，etc.)＋that...
It is bvius that yu’ve made a big mistake.显然，你犯了一个大错。
It is certain that she will d very well in the exam.她一定会在这次考试中考得很好。
[名师提醒] 在“It is necessary/imprtant/strange/essential＋that...”中，从句常用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“shuld＋动词原形”，shuld可省略。
It is essential that yu (shuld) have sme experience.你必须得有些经验。
②It＋be＋名词(词组)(n wnder，the case，an hnur，a pity，a gd thing，n surprise，a fact，a shame，etc.)＋that...
Yu have been walking fr hurs.It’s n wnder that yu are s tired.你一直走了好几个小时。难怪你会这么累。
③It＋be＋过去分词(said，believed，reprted，thught，expected，decided，etc.)＋that...
It’s believed that the cuple have left the cuntry.人们相信那对夫妇已经离开了这个国家。
④其他常见的用it作形式主语的句型：
It desn’t matter that...……是无关紧要的
It makes n difference that...……没有影响
It ccurred t/struck/hit me that...我突然想到……
It desn’t matter that she desn’t agree t ur plan.她不同意我们的计划没关系。
It ccurred t me that he might be the killer.我突然想到他可能是那个杀手。
2．whether/if引导的主语从句
whether/if在从句中不充当句子成分，仅起连接作用，意为“是否”。whether引导的主语从句可以位于复合句的句首，也可位于句尾；而if引导的主语从句只能放在句尾，前面用it作形式主语。
Whether she will cme r nt is still a questin.她是否会来仍是一个问题。
It was nt certain whether/if he passed the exam.他是否通过了考试还不确定。
3．连接代词引导的主语从句
连接代词wh，whse，whm，what，which，whichever, whever，whmever，whatever引导主语从句时，在句中既起连接作用，又在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语等成分。
What angered me mst was his ttal lack f regret.最使我生气的是他居然毫无悔意。
Which plan is better shuld be discussed.应该讨论哪一个计划更好。
4．连接副词引导的主语从句
连接副词when，where，hw，why引导主语从句时，在句中既是连接词，又在从句中作状语。where在主语从句中作地点状语，when作时间状语，why作原因状语，hw作方式状语。连接副词引导的主语从句，也常用it作形式主语。
Hw this happened is nt clear t anyne.这事是怎样发生的，谁也不清楚。
Where she lives has nt been fund yet.还没有找到她住在哪里。
[名师提醒]
(1)从句的语序：在任何情况下，主语从句都用陈述语序；(2)主谓一致：单个从句作主语时，主句的谓语动词一般用单数形式；但当what引导主语从句时，若主句的表语为复数形式，主句的谓语动词通常也用复数形式。
What they need is lve.他们需要的是爱。
What they need are bks.他们需要的是书。
用适当的连接词填空
① they wuld supprt us was a prblem.
②In this fable gets the gld apple can be blessed by Gd.
③ this happened is nw investigated by plice.
④ shcked me was that all f these children had n chance t g ut f the small village.
⑤ f them will becme the next president f this cuntry is still a mystery.
⑥It has nt been annunced the plane is t take ff.
⑦ is dubtful whether she will be able t cme.
⑧ ne shuld g t cllege is a gd questin fr many high schl graduates.
【答案】1.Whether 2.whever 3.Hw 4.What 5.Which 6.when 7.It 8.Why
二、宾语从句(bject clause)
宾语从句就是在复合句中起宾语作用的从句。
1．连接词
eq \b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\c1(从属连词：that，if，whether,连接代词：wh（ever），whm（ever），whse，,what（ever），which（ever）,连接副词：when（ever），where（ver），why，hw（ever）))
(1)that引导的宾语从句
that在引导宾语从句时不充当任何成分，也没有含义，且通常可以省略。
He tld me (that) he wuld g t cllege the next year.他告诉我下一年他会去上大学。
We all agree (that) it wuld be very cnvenient t g there by bus.我们都认为坐公共汽车去那儿将会很方便。
[名师提醒] that引导宾语从句时通常可以省略，但在下列情况下that不能省略：
①当主句的谓语动词与宾语从句之间有插入语时，引导词that通常不可省略。
Everyne culd see，I believe，that Mike was very terrified.我相信人人都能看出迈克很害怕。
②如果动词后面带有两个或两个以上并列的宾语从句，第一个宾语从句的引导词that可以省略，其余从句的引导词that不能省略。
I believe (that) yu have dne yur best and that everything will g well.我相信你已经尽力了，而且一切都会顺利的。
(2)if/whether引导的宾语从句
if/whether引导宾语从句时，作“是否”讲，常放在动词(短语)ask，care，wnder，knw和find ut等后面。一般情况下，两者常可换用，在口语中多用if。
Nbdy knws whether/if it will rain tmrrw.没有人知道明天是否会下雨。
Tm asked whether/if I had read the bk.汤姆问我是否读过这本书。
(3)连接代词引导的宾语从句
连接代词wh，whm，what，whse，whever，whatever等引导宾语从句时，既起连接作用，又在从句中充当主语、宾语等成分。
D yu ever discver wh sent yu the flwers?你弄清是谁给你送的花了吗？
The bk will shw yu what the best writers shuld knw.这本书会告诉你最好的作家该了解些什么。
(4)连接副词引导的宾语从句
连接副词when(ever)，where(ver)，hw(ever)，why等引导宾语从句时，既起连接作用，又在从句中作状语。
He didn’t tell me when we wuld meet again.他没有告诉我我们什么时候会再见面。
Nne f us knws where these new parts can be bught.我们都不知道能在哪里买到这些新零件。
2．动词(词组)后的宾语从句
大多数及物动词和动词(词组)后都可以跟宾语从句，需要注意的是：
(1)在一些表示坚持、命令、建议、要求等意义的动词后，that引导的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“(shuld＋)动词原形”。这类动词有：一坚持(insist)，二命令(rder，cmmand)，三建议(suggest，prpse，advise)，四要求(ask，demand，require，request)等。
She insisted that she (shuld) rganize the trip perfectly.她坚持要把这次旅行安排得尽善尽美。
He cmmanded that all the gates (shuld) be shut.他命令关闭所有的大门。
I suggested that he (shuld) study harder.我建议他应该更加努力学习。
The teacher requests that we (shuld) get alng well with each ther.老师要求我们彼此和睦相处。
(2)动词find，feel，cnsider，make，believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候，需要用it作形式宾语，而将that引导的宾语从句后置。
We find it necessary that we practise spken English every day.我们发现每天练习英语口语是有必要的。
I have made it a rule that I keep a diary every day.我每天写日记已成了一个习惯。
(3)有些动词短语后跟宾语从句时要先在从句前加形式宾语it。常见的这类动词短语有we t，see t，rely n，depend n等。
Please see t it that the children g t bed by 9 ’clck.请务必让孩子们9点前上床睡觉。
Yu may depend n it that they will supprt yu.你放心好了，他们会支持你的。
(4)有些表示喜好、憎恶的动词后接从句作宾语时要用it作形式宾语，常见的这类动词有hate，like等。
I hate it when they talk with their muths full f fd.我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话。
3．介词后的宾语从句
一般情况下，介词后常接wh－类连接词引导的宾语从句。而except，but等少数介词后可接that引导的宾语从句。
We are talking abut whether we admit students int ur club.我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部。
分层练习
一．单句语法填空
①I truly believe beauty cmes frm within.
②With that in mind, Mre asked her dad she culd start her wn candy cmpany.
③She asked me I had returned the bks t the library, and I admitted that I hadn’t.
④I’d appreciate it if yu culd let me knw in advance r nt yu will cme.
⑤I’m nt sure is mre frightened, me r the female grilla (大猩猩) that suddenly appears ut f nwhere.
⑥Mre is enthusiastic abut the candy she created, and she’s als psitive abut
the future might bring.
⑦What students d at cllege seems t matter much mre than they g.
⑧—I wnder Mary has kept her figure after all these years.
—By wrking ut every day.
⑨We chse this htel because the price fr a night here is dwn t $20, half f it used t charge.
⑩Reading her bigraphy, I was lst in admiratin fr Dris Lessing had achieved in literature.
【答案】1.that 2. if/whether3.whether/if4.whether 5.wh 6.what/whatever7.where 8.hw 9.what 10.what
二．单句语法填空
1． I’m lking fr is smene t take care f sme f my persnal business s that I may fcus n my true passin：grcery shpping.
2．It’s gd t knw the dgs will be well cared fr while we’re away.
3． Tm will win the cmputer cmpetitin remains a secret.
4．Scientists study human brains wrk t make cmputers.
5．Luckily, he was the nly ne wh finally gt the jb, because the manager decided t give the jb t he believed was helpful.
6．Hwever, I find it disappinting ur persnal，private mments with music are increasingly being turned int infrmatin pints and ffered t advertisers.
7． he is remembered fr is his humrus style.
8．It desn’t matter will take ver the cmpany, as n ne can save it frm the financial crisis.
9． made his father angry was that he lied rather than made mistakes.
10． is prved is that animals and insects have their wn languages.
11．Susan made clear t me that she wished t make a new life fr herself.
12．Jane mved aimlessly dwn the tree－lined street, nt knwing she was heading.
【答案】1.What 2.that 3.Whether 4.hw 5.whever 6.that 7.What 8.wh 9.What 10.What 11.it 12.where
三.补全句子
1． depends n the weather.我们是否去爬山要看天气而定。
2． will be rewarded with a sum f mney.谁能为他解决这个问题，谁就能得到一笔钱作为奖赏。
3．It is still under discussin with a mdern htel r nt.这个旧汽车站是否应该被一个现代化的旅馆取代还在讨论之中。
4．We hpe here.我们希望您在这里过得愉快。
5．We will give yu sme advice n ．我们会给你一些关于如何通过考试的建议。
6．We are certain ．我们确信这是真的。
7．I’d appreciate it very much if ．如果你愿意教我如何使用电脑，我将不胜感激。
8．I can put up with the crwded huse, but I hate ．我可以容忍房间拥挤，但是我讨厌房间不干净。
【答案】1.Whether we’ll g climbing2.Whever can slve the prblem fr him3.whether/if the ld bus statin (shuld) be replaced4.that yu will enjy yur stay5.hw yu will pass the exam6.that this is true
四.语法填空
Undubtedly, Britain is a natin f hat wearers.Frm taking ff hats 1. launching mrtar bards (学位帽) in the air, hats have lng been assciated with ceremnies and practices.Even the histry f the cuntry can 2. (tell) thrugh hats.
3． (date) back t medieval England, the flat cap became a symbl f wrking class culture in the 19th and 20th centuries.The Edwardian Era was 4. glden age f hats, when the decratins became even mre delicate, ranging frm flwers, birds t fruits.The prk pie hat, starting in the middle 19th century, was the 5. (chse) fr many well－dressed Victrian citizens.Decades later it 6. (gradual) became a key feature f Lndn street style.By the 1960s, thugh, hats faded ut f peple’s sight because f the rise f private cars.It was the Ryal Wedding 7. (hld) in 2011 that cntributed t the return f hat wearing.Fr example, Stckprt Hat Wrks Museum—the nly museum in the cuntry featured in hats and hat making—is 8. (ppular) than ever, with a distinct increase n its visitrs.
9． marks Britain ut n the wrld stage is the large number f hats that can be called its wn.The variety f hats in Britain 10. (reflect) its multicultural backgrund and rich cultural heritage.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。介绍了英国帽子的发展、种类以及作用，说明了帽子是英国文化的象征。
1．t 【解析】考查固定搭配。表示范围，意为“从……到……”，说明在英国帽子影响人们生活的方方面面。故填t。
2．be tld【解析】 考查动词的时态和语态。设空处为句子的谓语动词，the histry和tell之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。句意：甚至这个国家的历史都能通过帽子来讲述。情态动词后跟动词原形。故填be tld。
3．Dating【解析】 考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词became，设空处应用非谓语动词形式。date back t意为“追溯到”，date与句子主语之间为逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填Dating。
4．a【解析】 考查冠词。句意：爱德华时代是一个帽子的黄金时代，此处为泛指，应填不定冠词a。
5．chice【解析】 考查词性转换。根据前面的定冠词the可判断填名词，chse的名词为chice，此处为抽象名词，故填chice。
6．gradually【解析】 考查词形转换。修饰动词became应用副词，故填gradual的副词形式gradually。
7．held【解析】 考查非谓语动词。此句为强调句型，主语为the Ryal Wedding，谓语为cntributed t，设空处作定语修饰the Ryal Wedding，the Ryal Wedding与hld之间为逻辑上的被动关系，故填过去分词held。
8．mre ppular【解析】 考查形容词比较级。根据后面的than可知需用比较级，ppular为多音节单词，加mre构成比较级。
9．What【解析】 考查主语从句。is前面为主语从句，设空处既引导主语从句又在从句中作主语，表示“所……的事情”，故填What。
10．reflects【解析】 考查动词的时态。设空处为句子的谓语动词，“the variety f＋n.”作主语时，谓语动词的数须与variety的单复数保持一致，本句陈述一般事实，应用一般现在时，故用第三人称单数reflects。
Writing——如何写观点类作文
一、写作分析
观点类作文是一种剖析事物、论述事理、发表意见、提出主张的文体。在写作时，主要通过摆事实、讲道理，使读者接受作者的观点。
二、篇章结构
写作步骤是：第一段，开门见山，描述现象或表明立场，提出自己的观点。在中间段落，说理论证自己的观点。为了使论证的层次更清晰，可以使用t begin with, what’s mre，besides, in additin等衔接性的词语。最后一段再次表达自己的观点。
一、 常用词汇
1．cnsider v．考虑2．regret v. 后悔；遗憾3．determine v. 决定4．intend v. 打算
5．prepare v. 准备6．I am cnvinced 我相信7．try ne’s best 尽某人最大努力
8．yu are suppsed t 你应当……9． 通知某人某事10．in my pinin 依我看
二、常用句式
1．导入话题常用句型
①We have had a discussin abut whether...我们已经讨论过是否……
②We have had a survey n whether...我们已经调查过是否……
③There is a widespread cncern ver the issue that...人们普遍关注……的问题
④Different peple have different pinins n it.不同的人对此有不同的看法。
⑤Peple have taken different attitudes twards...人们对……有不同的态度。
2．介绍观点常用句型
①Sme peple hld the view/think/believe that...有些人认为……
②Thse wh are that...那些支持/反对……的人认为……
③In my view/In my pinin/As far as I’m cncerned, I firmly supprt the frmer/latter view.
在我看来/依我看/就我而言，我坚决支持前/后一种观点。
3．论证观点、总结观点常用关联词
①first/firstly/in the first place/t start with/t begin with/first f all首先；第一
②secnd/secndly其次；第二
③besides/mrever/furthermre/what’s mre/in additin此外，而且
④fr ne anther...其一……其二……
⑤n the ne the ther hand...一方面……另一方面……
⑥in brief/in shrt/in a wrd/t sum up/in cnclusin总之；简言之
单元写作
假定你是李华，你的美国笔友Jacksn最近在考虑是否要出国留学，他来信征求你的意见。请你就此用英语给他写一封100词左右的电子邮件，阐述你的观点，并给出理由(不少于三个)。
注意：1.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
2．开头和结尾已给出。
Dear Jacksn，





Yurs，
Li Hua
第一步 审题谋篇
第二步 要点翻译
1．我认为出国留学非常有意义。I think it makes gd sense t study abrad.
2．出国留学时，我们会接触到一个外语环境，学习过程变得有趣且有效。
While we are studying abrad，we expse urselves t a freign language setting and the learning prcess becmes engaging and effective.
3．浸润在外国的不同文化中，我们能够深入了解世界。
Bathed in a different culture f a freign cuntry，we can gain great insights int the wrld.
4．跨文化的经历能够让我们拥有全球视野。Crss－cultural experiences can give us a glbal perspective．
5．出国学习让我们走出舒适区，使我们变得更好，在我看来这是最重要的。
Studying abrad takes us ut f ur cmfrt zne and changes us fr the better, which is the mst imprtant frm my perspective.
第三步 词句升级
1．用同位语从句改写句子1
I hld the view that it makes gd sense t study abrad.
2．用expsure作主语改写句子2
Expsure t a freign language setting while we are studying abrad makes learning prcess engaging and effective.
3．用连词because连接句子3、4
Bathed in a different culture f a freign cuntry, we can gain great insights int the wrld because crss－cultural experiences can give us a glbal perspective.
第四步 连句成篇
Dear Jacksn，
I’m mre than delighted t share my pinin，which I hpe will be f sme help t yu.Frankly, I hld the view that it makes gd sense t study abrad.The reasns are as fllws.
T begin with, expsure t a freign language setting while we are studying abrad makes learning prcess engaging and effective.Mrever, bathed in a different culture f a freign cuntry, we can gain great insights int the wrld because crss－cultural experiences can give us a glbal perspective.Studying abrad takes us ut f ur cmfrt zne and changes us fr the better, which is the mst imprtant frm my perspective.
All things cnsidered, I hpe yu can chse t study abrad and start a new life.
Yurs，
Li Hua
随堂练习
假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友Terry正在学习汉语，他来信说有些人建议他到中国来学习汉语，他父母却希望他在新西兰学习汉语。请你给他回信，内容包括：1.对他学汉语表示高兴；2.你的观点；3.合理建议。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当发挥，以使行文连贯。






【参考范文】
Dear Terry，
I am very glad t knw that yu are learning Chinese.
Indeed, there are many ways t learn Chinese well.If yu cme t China t learn Chinese, the perfect language envirnment will make yu learn faster and better.Many peple hld this view, me included.As t yur parents, they want yu t study Chinese in New Zealand，maybe because they dn’t want yu t leave them t far.
My pinin is that yu cme t China t learn Chinese, s that yu can nt nly learn authentic Chinese, but als experience the unique Chinese culture.
I hpe yu can persuade yur parents t let yu cme t China.In that case, I will help yu learn Chinese.
Yurs，
Li Hua
主题
出国留学的好处
体裁
书信(应用文)
人称
以第一人称为主
时态
以一般现在时为主
布局
第一段：个人观点
第二段：陈述理由
第三段：希望采纳