人教版 (2019)Unit 5 Working the Land精品复习练习题

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Grammar——复习动词－ing形式
用括号内词的适当形式填写下面教材中的句子并体会它们的语法特征。
1．As yu can imagine, (get) burnt can lead t very serius injuries.
2．The first and mst imprtant step in the treatment f burns is (give) first aid.
3．Burns are divided int three types, (depend) n the depth f skin damage.
4．Place burns under cl (run) water, especially within the first ten minutes.
5．Remve any clthes using (use) scissrs if necessary, unless yu see the fabric (stick) t the burnt skin.
6． (apply) il t the injured areas is a bad idea, as it will keep the heat in the wunds and may cause infectin.
【自主发现】
动词－ing形式是非谓语动词的一种，起名词的作用，同时保留动词的属性，可在句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语和状语。
语法解析
一、动词－ing形式的时态和语态
[名师提醒]
(1)动词－ing形式的否定式是在前面加nt构成。
Nt having been invited t the party, she was very upset.没有被邀请参加聚会，她很不高兴。
(2)动词－ing形式的一般式多表示一般情况，其所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作几乎同时发生或发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之后；其完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。
She imagined finding a wallet n the sidewalk.
她想象着自己在人行道上发现一个钱包。(一般式)
He was praised fr having dne a gd deed.
他因为做了件好事而受到表扬。(完成式)
(3)动词－ing形式的主动式表示它的逻辑主语是动作的执行者，其被动式表示它的逻辑主语是动作的承受者。
He insisted n sending her t hspital.
他坚持要把她送到医院去。(主动式)
The bridge being built is part f a high－speed railway prject.
在建的这座桥是一个高速铁路项目的一部分。(被动式)
二、动词－ing形式的句法功能
1．动名词作主语，多表示一般或抽象的重复多次的行为。有时用it作形式主语，动名词放在句末，常见句型有：It is a waste f time is n use/useless/n gd ding...。
Playing with fire is dangerus.玩火很危险。
It’s n use arguing with him.和他争论是无用的。
[名师提醒] 动名词短语作主语，谓语动词一般用单数。
Making speeches is nt his strng pint.演讲不是他的特长。
Running a family husehld requires high－level planning and crdinating.经营家庭需要高水平的规划和协调。
Wearing a mask is equally effective r mre effective than distancing.戴口罩可能和保持距离一样有效，甚至更有效。
Being liked creates pprtunities fr learning and fr new kinds f life experiences.被(他人)喜欢能创造学习和新的生活体验的机会。
2．动名词作宾语
(1)常接动名词作宾语的动词有：mind，suggest，enjy，admit，appreciate，avid，delay，dislike，escape，finish，frgive(宽恕)，imagine，keep，miss，practise，resist，risk，deny，cnsider等。
I suggest ding it in a different way.
我建议用另一种方法做这件事。
(2)常接动名词作宾语的动词短语有：devte t，feel like，lk frward t，insist n，think f，dream f，bject t，be engaged in，depend n，aim at，set abut，be/get used t，be fnd f，be afraid f，be tired f，succeed in，be interested in等。
If yu insist n leaving nw，please g ahead.如果你坚持现在走，那就请便吧。
(3)动名词在介词(but，except除外)后作宾语
I let the day slip away withut ding anything at all.我什么事也没做，让这一天白白溜过去了。
Only by cming tgether will we be able t face dwn COVID－19 pandemic.只有团结起来，我们才能战胜新冠肺炎疫情。
[名师提醒]
(1)动名词前可加名词所有格、形容词性物主代词或人称代词宾格。作主语时，其前可加名词所有格及形容词性物主代词，即ne’s ding；作宾语时，其前可加名词所有格、形容词性物主代词(ne’s ding)和人称代词宾格。
Her ging there wn’t d any harm.她去那儿不会有什么坏处的。
My sn has gne abrad.I’m lking frward t him returning.我儿子出国了，我盼望着他回来。
(2)frget, mean, regret, remember, try, g n, can’t help等后可接动名词或不定式作宾语，但意义上有所区别。
I remember ding the exercise.我记得做过此练习。
I must remember t d it.我必须记着去做这件事。
3．动词－ing形式作表语，可分为两种情况：
(1)动名词作表语，表示抽象概念的动作，这种动作未必正在进行。
Seeing is believing.眼见为实。
(2)现在分词作表语，表示主语的性质或特征，意为“令人……的”。
The news is inspiring.这消息令人鼓舞。
用所给单词的正确形式填空
①Fr him, it was ne thing t accept his wn fate f (be) blind
②What President Xi said in the meeting was really (inspire)．
③ (study) in a cllege in China is a gd pprtunity fr yu t imprve yurself.
④In an nline class, (develp) healthy patterns f cmmunicatin with prfessrs is very imprtant.
⑤They dn’t feel like (walk) that much.
⑥I think it is imprtant t keep a healthy diet, which cntributes t (build) up a strng bdy.
4．动词－ing形式作定语
(1)动名词作前置定语，表示用途或性质。
The reading rm is large and bright.
阅览室宽敞明亮。
(2)单个的现在分词作前置定语往往有形容词的性质；现在分词短语作后置定语，往往表示正在发生或与谓语动作同时发生的动作，其作用相当于一个定语从句。
I fund a sleeping baby n the bed.我发现床上有个熟睡的婴儿。
The man standing by the windw(＝wh is standing by the windw)is ur teacher.那个站在窗户旁边的人是我们的老师。
[名师提醒] 动词－ing形式、动词－ed形式和不定式作定语之间的区别
The building being built nw is ur new schl.在建的大楼是我们的新学校。(表被动、进行)
The building built three years ag is in ruins.三年前建的那座大楼已成废墟。(表被动、完成)
The building t be built next year will be very beautiful.明年要建的那座大楼会非常漂亮。(表被动、将来)
5．现在分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语和句子的主语一致，且分词表示的动作与句子主语之间是逻辑上的主动关系。作状语时，现在分词可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式、伴随情况等，并可以转换成相应的状语从句。
Hearing their teacher’s vice，the pupils stpped talking at nce.
＝On hearing their teacher’s vice，the pupils stpped talking at nce.
＝When they heard their teacher’s vice，the pupils stpped talking at nce.
一听到老师的声音，学生们立即停止了讲话。
Nt knwing hw t wrk ut the difficult physics prblem，he asked the teacher fr help.
＝Because he didn’t knw hw t wrk ut the difficult physics prblem，he asked the teacher fr help.
因为不知道如何解这道物理难题，他求助于老师。
Wrking hard，yu’ll succeed.
＝If yu wrk hard，yu’ll succeed.如果你努力工作，你会成功的。
Their car was caught in a traffic jam，thus causing the delay.他们的车遇上了交通堵塞，因而耽误了。
The children ran ut f the rm, laughing and talking merrily.那些孩子们跑出房间，愉快地有说有笑。
Like ancient sailrs，birds can find their way using the sun and the stars.像古代的船员一样，鸟类可以利用太阳和星星找到它们的路。
Having been tld many times, he still repeated the same mistake.虽然被告诫过许多次，但他仍旧犯了同样的错误。
[名师提醒] 有些惯用的现在分词形式在句中可以没有逻辑上的主语而独立存在，作评注性状语，表明说话者的态度、观点等。常见的有：
·generally speaking 一般说来
·strictly speaking 严格说来
·frankly/hnestly speaking 坦白地/老实地说
·judging frm/by... 根据……判断
·cnsidering... 考虑到……
·seeing... 因为，由于……
Judging frm his face n which there was a cnfident smile, we knew that he didn’t lse heart.
从他脸上自信的笑容来判断，我们知道他没有灰心。
6．现在分词作宾语补足语时，宾语往往是其逻辑主语，该动词与宾语存在逻辑上的主动关系，表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作，强调一个过程或一种状态。
They use cmputers t keep the traffic running smthly.他们使用电脑来保持交通顺畅。
当转换为被动结构时，原来作宾语补足语的现在分词便转换为主语补足语。
A ck will be immediately fired if he is fund smking in the kitchen.
如果一名厨师被发现在厨房吸烟，他会被立即开除。
能用现在分词形式作宾语补足语的几类动词或短语：
(1)表示感觉和心理状态的感官动词，常见的有see，hear, feel，smell，find，ntice，bserve，lk at，listen t等。
Listening t music at hme is ne thing，ging t hear it being perfrmed live is quite anther.
在家里听音乐是一回事，去现场听人演奏音乐又是另一回事。
(2)表示指使意义的使役动词，常见的有have，make，get，set，keep，leave等。
I wn’t have yu running abut in the rm.
我不允许你在房间里跑来跑去。
[名师提醒] see，hear，feel，watch等感官动词之后用现在分词和动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别：前者强调动作正在进行，后者强调动作的全过程(动词不定式在主动句中可省略t，在被动句中需保留t)。
We heard the telephne ringing.我们听见电话正在响。
We heard the telephne ring.我们听见电话响了。
随堂练习
①I saw a cuple f yungsters ．我看到一对年轻夫妇正往湖里扔垃圾。
②Mther has the little girl this afternn.母亲让小女孩今天下午一直弹钢琴。
③ that leads ut f the twn，yu will cme t a thick wd.如果你走出城的那条小路，你会来到一片茂密的树林。
④All night lng he lay awake， ．整夜他都醒着，思考着这个问题。
⑤ , I’m skeptical abut the place.听到这些故事，我对这个地方产生了怀疑。
分层练习
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．I think it is n gd (have) anther talk with him n the matter.
2． (she) nt cming back made her parents angry and sad.
3．Peple enjy (wrk) with him because he has a gd sense f humur.
4．After he finished (d) his maths hmewrk, he went n (write) his cmpsitin.
5．Find friends t study and speak with.Learning English tgether can be very (encurage)．
6．The ld cuple ften take a walk after supper with their pet dg (fllw) them.
7．Once (visit) this city, yu’ll find that there are s many surprises waiting fr yu t discver.
8．Lve is a beautiful sng, (bring)us wild jy and happiness.
9．We ften talk abut English language teaching, (frget) that it is the learning that really matters.
10．The discvery f the new evidence led t the thief (catch)．
11．The lecture (give), a lively questin－and－sessin fllwed yesterday.
12．This site reprts science news (cver) a range f subjects.
13．First f all， (becme) aware f what causes yur wrry will help t reduce the stress.
14．As well as the weather, the relaxing atmsphere and nightlife are very (appeal)．
15．Sme students will feel a grwing sense f fear with the exam seasn (apprach) while thers may appear fairly calm.
16．In Hangzhu, brrwing bks frm the library (be) nw as simple and cnvenient as shpping nline：click, pay and wait fr delivery.
Ⅱ.补全句子
1．They can directly buy train tickets and bk flights by ．通过发短信他们可以直接买火车票和预订航班。
2．Its aim is t raise peple’s awareness f ．它的目标是增强人们保护地球的意识。
3．His getting up early is gd fr his health.他的早起对他的健康有益。
4．They shuld nt leave us ．他们不应该让我们疑惑他们下一步要做什么。
5． , yu will keep healthy.有规律地锻炼身体，你就会保持健康。
6．The man is my teacher.正在会上发表演讲的那个人是我的老师。
7． ，I’m mre than pleased t give yu sme advice.
得知你将去北京，我很高兴给你一些建议。
8．I’m against ．我反对邀请他来吃饭。
9．They are lyal t us and we will ．它们对我们忠诚，我们发现和宠物玩耍很有趣。
10．The WFRS Reginal Cnventin is scheduled t be held n April 28th, ．
洲际月季大会预计4月28号举办，持续一周时间。
Ⅲ.语法填空
The truth that trees are vital t ur life is nt a secret.They prvide us with fd, wd and mst imprtantly, xygen.Nw there is ne mre thing we can add t this list—1. (blck) ut harmful bacteria frm water.
The discvery was made by a team 2. (cnsist) f scientists frm the Massachusetts Institute f Technlgy and high schl students wh were seeking a natural water filter—ne that wuld help cmmunities in 3. (develp) cuntries that dn’t have access t mdern water filter systems.
The researchers, 4. (lead) by Rhit Karnik, decided 5. (turn) t trees fr help because they culd allw liquid 6. (flw) thrugh, while blcking ut air bubbles.
They began by 7. (cut) 1.5－inch－wide sectins f tree bark frm the branches f a white pine tree.The peple 8. (relate) then tested the wd’s filtering ability by puring water 9. (cntain) red dye particles f different sizes thrugh.T their amazement, they fund that it was effective in trapping all the articles.Encuraged, the team cnducted anther experiment, this time with water cntaining bacteria.Sure enugh, the sapwd (边材) held back 99% f the bacteria，10. (allw) nly 1% t flw thrugh.
Writing——关于实施急救的故事
一、写作分析
写关于实施急救的故事，属于叙事性文体。文章应该按照时间顺序写，内容安排条理清晰。既然是关于实施急救的故事，写作内容应该集中在实施急救的过程描述上，以及急救的最终结果。
二、篇章结构
写作时可分三段：首段讲述事件的发生；第二段描述伤者或患者的情况，按先后次序列出实施急救的步骤，并说明急救结果；第三段进行总结，强调急救的意义。
一、 常用词汇
1．emergency n．紧急情况2．wund n. 伤口3．bleed v. 流血4．bandage n. 绷带5．ambulance n. 救护车6．stay calm 保持冷静7．deal with 处理8．fall ill r get injured 生病或受伤9．make a big difference 产生巨大影响10．perfrm first aid n 对某人进行急救11．be f great benefit 非常有益
二、常用句式
1．When yu see smene get injured，what shuld yu d?当你看到某人受伤的时候，你应该做什么？
2．Be careful nt t mve the victim vilently.要当心，不要剧烈移动患者。
3．If victim is facing severe cnditin，it is vital t give him first aid at nce.如果患者状况严重，立刻对他进行急救是最为重要的。
4．At the same time, yu must/shuld call fr help.与此同时，你应该打电话求助。
5．Befre the ambulance came，the lady perfrmed first aid n the kid.救护车来之前，这位女士对这个孩子实施了急救。
6．The stry is a gd example in which first aid makes a big difference.这个故事是一个很好的例子，说明急救会产生很大作用。
单元写作
假设你和你的同学李明一起去锅炉房打开水，在回寝室的路上，李明的热水瓶突然破裂，开水烫伤了他的脚。于是你对他实施了必要的急救。请你结合此事，用英语写一篇100词左右的短文，向学校英文报Teens投稿，主要内容包括：
1．描述事故发生的经过；
2．你是如何实施急救的(冷水冲洗、送医院做进一步的处理)；
3．简要谈谈你对掌握一定急救知识的重要性的认识。
参考词汇：锅炉房biler rm
热水瓶therms bttle
第一步 审题谋篇
第二步 要点翻译
1．烫伤非常严重。The burn was very severe.
2．皮肤又红又肿。The skin was red and swllen．
3．我设法保持镇静，并快速回想在急救课堂上学到的内容。
I managed t remain calm, and quickly recalled what I had learnt in my first－aid class.
4．我立即把他的脚放到流动的凉水下，以减轻疼痛。
I placed his feet under the cl running water right away t ease the pain.
5．然后，我打电话叫了一辆出租车，并匆忙把他送往了医院。Afterwards, I called a taxi and rushed him t the hspital．
6．在医院里，他接受了进一步的治疗。In the hspital，he received further treatment．
7．在那时我意识到了基本的急救知识是多么重要和实用。
Then I was aware hw imprtant and practical a basic knwledge f first aid was．
第三步 词句升级
1．将句1和句2合并为含有的句子
The burn was s severe that the skin was red and swllen.
2．将句3升级为含有现在分词作伴随状语的句子
I managed t remain calm, quickly recalling what I had learnt in my first－aid class.
3．将句5和句6合并为含有where引导的定语从句的句子
Afterwards, I called a taxi and rushed him t the hspital where he received further treatment.
4．将句7升级为“nly＋状语”放句首的倒装句
Only then was I aware hw imprtant and practical a basic knwledge f first aid was.
第四步 连句成篇
One day, Li Ming and I were walking back t the drm frm the biler rm when suddenly his therms bttle burst and the biling water caused injuries t his feet.The burn was s severe that the skin was red and swllen.Hwever, I managed t remain calm, quickly recalling what I had learnt in my first－aid class.I placed his feet under the cl running water right away t ease the pain.Afterwards, I called a taxi and rushed him t the hspital where he received further treatment.
Only then was I aware hw imprtant and practical a basic knwledge f first aid was.
随堂练习
假设上周日你和Tny去公园野餐，在路上Tny不小心扭伤了左脚，恰好你在学校学过这方面的急救知识，及时对Tny进行了急救。请就此事写一篇100词左右的短文。内容包括：
1．拨打120求救；
2．把Tny的左脚放在一个较舒适的位置；
3．用冰袋冷敷受伤部位15分钟；
4．肿胀减轻后用绷带包扎扭伤部位。
注意：可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。





主动式
被动式
一般式
ding
being dne
完成式
having dne
having been dne
主题
处理烫伤，实施急救
体裁
记叙文
人称
以第一人称和
第三人称为主
时态
以一般过
去时为主
布局
第一部分：描述事故发生的经过；
第二部分：实施急救的措施；
第三部分：介绍对掌握一定急救知识的重要性的认识。