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选择性必修 第一册Unit 2 Looking into the Future精品课时作业
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这是一份选择性必修 第一册Unit 2 Looking into the Future精品课时作业，共22页。
What ____2____ Gitanjali’s wrk was that her city faced a water emergency with t much lead (铅) in its water. “The idea didn’t ____3____ t me until I saw my parents try t d water tests. The test strips may shw inaccurate results, which weren’t very ____4____. ” she recalled.
She then searched fr suitable materials with cntinued effrts and ____5____ fund that carbn nantube (纳米管) sensrs can be used t sense chemicals. Gitanjali ____6____ t build a small blue husing using the 3-D printer at her schl with cmputer chips and a battery inside. A free app, which Gitanjali designed under ____7____ frm her cmputer science teacher, sends the data t a linked phne thrugh a(n)____8____ device.
The prcess f designing her prject wasn’t always ____9____ , thugh. Kathleen Shafer, a scientist paired with Gitanjali as her teacher in summer, _____10_____ alng the way. In the award ceremny, Gitanjali als _____11_____ her success t her parents’ cnstant supprt and _____12_____ t try “crazy ideas”. Gitanjali received $25, 000 t further develp her prgram alng with the great _____13_____ f winning the cntest. Accrding t Shafer, wh _____14_____ Gitanjali, “she shws a lt f mtivatin t slve _____15_____ issues thrugh science”.
1．A．designedB．earnedC．fferedD．made
2．A．expsedB．imprvedC．definedD．inspired
3．A．ccurB．belngC．stickD．apply
4．A．simpleB．predictableC．reliableD．creative
5．A．initiallyB．immediatelyC．temprarilyD．eventually
6．A．managedB．prmisedC．pretendedD．happened
7．A．bservatinB．cmmandC．instructinD．cntrl
8．A．sustainableB．permanentC．blankD．attached
9．A．ptinalB．smthC．cntinuusD．cmplete
10．A．seizedB．riskedC．helpedD．fllwed
11．A．stressesB．wesC．impressesD．guarantees
12．A．encuragementB．requestC．struggleD．pressure
13．A．frtuneB．intentinC．hnrD．ptential
14．A．keeps up withB．gets alng withC．takes care fD．speaks highly f
15．A．cmmercialB．practicalC．symblicD．dynamic
（2023春·上海·高二上海市七宝中学校考开学考试）The dream f the flying car culd cme dwn t earth sn as several star-ups like Chinese EHANG and Uber are develping s-called “passenger drnes” self—flying drnes big enugh t ferry individual cmmuters arund twn—which culd ___16___ cmmute times frm hurs t minutes.
At first glance, human-carrying drnes sund n mre ___17___ than flying cars. Until recently. inventrs had never been able t ___18___ autmbiles and aircraft in a practical way. Yet a few cmpanies have kept at it: Wburn, fr example, has since 2006 been develping Transitin, a “radable aircraft” that ___19___ a small airplane that can fld its wings and drive n rads. A persnal flying car in every garage has prved t be a(n) ___20___ sell, hwever, as there are serius safety cncerns abut asking the average cmmuter t train fr a pilt’s license and take t the skies.
Passenger drnes, ___21___, wuld perate autnmusly and leave the “radable” part behind in favr f larger versins f aircraft that already exist. Passenger drne designs favr distributed electric prpulsin (推进), meaning instead f ne large mtr pwered by a large engine they have multiple prpellers each pwered by its wn, smaller mtr. This ___22___ lifting pwer and flight perfrmance in exchange fr mechanical simplicity and lighter weight—factrs that culd make them cheaper t perate. Quieter electric pwer wuld make the nise ___23___ t city residents, althugh it remains t be seen hw much weight such a vehicle culd lift, and fr hw lng.
With any f these vehicles, safety is the biggest cncern and ___24___ t bth the aircraft and the autmated systems flying them. Advanced artificial intelligence is needed t fly large numbers f autnmus aircraft withut ____25____ them int ne anther r, say, the lcal news channel’s traffic helicpter. Carrying peple frm pints A t B seems simple enugh, but even the best AI struggles with ____26____ “What, fr example, wuld a drne d if a landing area suddenly became unavailable?” asks Sanjiv Singh, a Carnegie Melln University rbtics researcher. Instead f ____27____ t fully autmated passenger drnes, he suggests first testing the necessary AI in unmanned carg runs, and adpting a “mixed mde” apprach in early passenger services where pilts are assisted by AI c-pilts.
Technical challenges aside, start-ups (创业公司) prmting the technlgy will have t find a way t cnvince the public t give their drnes a try, smething that requires a much bigger leap f faith than getting int the ____28____f a self-driving car. Passenger drne makers are “bviusly still in the very early stages f technlgy develpment and imprving the ____29____ ,” says Mike Hirschberg, executive directr f the American Helicpter Sciety Internatinal. “But 20 r 30 years frm nw life may be a little like The Jetsns where yu take advantage f the third dimensin and have much mre ____30____ especially in urban clse quarters where grund transprtatin is jammed.”
The passenger drne prgress may fllw a slping takeff rather than vertical (垂直的) leap. Carnegie Melln’s Singh sees a lng rad ahead filled with lts f testing, analysis, regulatin and effrts t win the public’s trust befre the technlgy becmes a viable transprtatin ptin. “There is the danger f smene mving t fast and then having a prblem that sets the industry back fr sme time,” he says.
16．A．simplifyB．adjustC．estimateD．shrink
17．A．magicalB．realisticC．appealingD．wrthwhile
18．A．imitateB．designC．marryD．divide
19．A．resemblesB．utperfrmsC．challengesD．persnalizes
20．A．tughB．realC．evilD．huge
21．A．in additinB．fr exampleC．n the whleD．by cntrast
22．A．sacrificesB．strengthensC．balancesD．cntrls
23．A．immuneB．unknwnC．relevantD．tlerable
24．A．cntributesB．appealsC．extendsD．adapts
25．A．plungingB．crashingC．blwingD．splitting
26．A．encuntersB．lcatinsC．surprisesD．differences
27．A．leapingB．tendingC．pintingD．applying
28．A．disrderB．backseatC．dubtD．flw
29．A．basicsB．figuresC．slutinsD．effects
30．A．atmsphereB．cncentratinC．dependenceD．mbility
（2023秋·山西大同·高二统考期末）Making sense f the five ____31____ — sight, hearing, tuch, smell, and taste — remains a frefrnt field in science. T explre these prcesses, researchers ften try t ____32____ nature. In the 1950s, ____33____ , the late Crnell University psychlgist Frank Rsenblatt cpied the wiring and prcessing in a fly’s eye t build a device filled with a maze f wires and electrnics. Studies like this, nw pwered by advanced cmputatin, are creating a new field f study ____34____ intelligent sensing, which many scientists ____35____ at Zhejiang Lab in Hangzhu, China.
“Intelligent sensing is a new technlgy f cpying the sensing mde thrugh which humans ____36____ surrunding bjects and the envirnment,” says Xu Liu, dean f the Research Institute f Intelligent Sensing at Zhejiang Lab. “Human ____37____, hearing, smell, taste, and tuch all have their wn nerve netwrks, and they all cmpute in a particular way. It is nt nly the mechanical sensing prcess, but als a ____38____ f physical sensing, nerve infrmatin prcessing, and brain recgnitin that frms a human’s knwing, learning and understanding their ____39____”.
Advances in intelligent sensing rely _____40_____ n mre advanced sensrs, such as s-called smart sensrs _____41_____ frm a cnventinal digital sensr. “These kinds f sensrs will sn enter the market, but they can nly be _____42_____ as initial types f intelligent sensrs,” Liu says, because even smarter sensrs are _____43_____ develpment.
_____44_____ acknwledging the breakthrughs that have encuraged the develpment f existing sensrs, researchers can be _____45_____ that tmrrw’s sensrs will be much mre advanced.
31．A．feelingsB．rgansC．sensesD．emtins
32．A．balanceB．mdelC．enjyD．change
33．A．fr instanceB．such asC．by cntrastD．in reality
34．A．designedB．highlightedC．prgrammedD．called
35．A．prduceB．explreC．discverD．find
36．A．cntrlB．investigateC．affectD．perceive
37．A．visinB．cntactC．mvementD．knwledge
38．A．cmpetenceB．cmmunicatinC．cmparisnD．cmbinatin
39．A．structuresB．slutinsC．surrundingsD．statistics
40．A．heavilyB．widelyC．deeplyD．highly
41．A．supprtedB．recveredC．createdD．remved
42．A．plannedB．regardedC．tradedD．applied
43．A．fB．frC．inD．n
44．A．WhenB．WhileC．BecauseD．If
45．A．cnfidentB．dubtfulC．uncertainD．fearful
（2023·全国·高二专题练习）Fr as lng as there’ve been cars and planes, smene has been trying t cmbine the tw. This Italian ____46____ was built in the 1940s. The truble is, they’ve never been really ____47____, but nw things culd be abut t change. Andy Wall, Sales Directr, PAL-V said, “S, we had t stp ____48____, and we are nw at the very last stage f prcessing the regulatins within permissins fr flight with this ____49____. S…It’s getting s ____50____. “The PAL-V Liberty is made by a Dutch cmpany which is nearing the end f the lng prcess t get everything licensed and ____51____.
The questin is, wh is ging t buy ne? Well, they’ve already gt lts f ____52____. Marc van den Bsch, Chief Cmmercial Officer, PAL-V tld us, “This is the ____53____ way t becme a pilt. There’s always a small James Bnd seat in every heart f every guy and every girl, s that’s where we’re ____54____ t.”
It takes less than ten minutes t turn it frm a plane t a car. _____55_____, isn’t it? Yu culd _____56_____ it at any airfield and then drive hme. If yu want t _____57_____ ne f these, it’s ging t cst yu €300,000. It sunds _____58_____ but prbably it will be a new mtring and air travel revlutin if yu want t be at the frefrnt f what they’re prmising. Yu’ll need a private pilt’s _____59_____ in the UK, but yu can learn bth here in Cventry and in Oxfrd. There’ve been many false starts in bringing a flying car t market. Next year, they believe, is when yu may _____60_____ ne driving alng a street near yu.
46．A．tyB．mdelC．equipmentD．netwrk
47．A．prtableB．nativeC．attractiveD．practical
48．A．dreamingB．wrkingC．cheeringD．wandering
49．A．carB．vehicleC．planeD．diplma
50．A．interestingB．riskyC．clseD．enjyable
51．A．designedB．exchangeC．frbiddenD．apprved
52．A．giftsB．pprtunitiesC．rdersD．gds
53．A．fastestB．slwestC．funniestD．ldest
54．A．skatingB．remvingC．returningD．selling
55．A．DangerusB．AmazingC．UnbearableD．Grateful
56．A．findB．landC．rentD．arrange
57．A．purchaseB．witnessC．inventD．name
58．A．a littleB．reasnableC．a ltD．pssible
59．A．ticketB．theryC．invitatinD．license
60．A．imagineB．suggestC．seeD．appreciate
（2023·高二课时练习）Mdern inventins have speeded up peple’s lives amazingly. Mtr cars ____61____ a hundred miles in mre than an hur, aircraft crss the wrld within a day, while cmputers perate at lightning speed. Indeed, this lve f ____62____ seems never-ending. Every year mtr cars are prduced which g even faster and each new cmputer basts(吹嘘) f ____63____ precius secnds in handling tasks.
All these save time, but at a cst. When we lse r ____64____ half a day in speeding acrss the wrld in an airplane, ur bdies tell us s. We get the uncmfrtable feeling knwn as jet-lag(时差). Our bdies feel that they have been ____65____ behind in anther time zne. Again, spending t lng at ____66____ results in painful wrists(手腕) and fingers. Mbile phnes als have their dangers: t much use may transmit harmful ____67____ int ur brains.
Hwever, hw d we ____68____ the time we have saved? Certainly nt relax, r s it seems. We are s used t cnstant activity that we find it ____69____ t sit dwn and d nthing r even just ne thing at a ____70____ . Perhaps the days are lng gne when we might listen ____71____ t a stry n the radi, letting imaginatin take us int anther wrld.
There was a time when sme peple’s lives were devted simply t the cultivatin(耕作) f the ____72____ r the care f cattle. N multi-tasking there; their lives went n at a much gentler pace. There is much that we might envy abut a ____73____ f life like this. Yet befre we d s, we must think f the hard tasks ur ancestrs ____74____ . Mdern machines have ____75____ peple frm that primitive(原始的) existence.
61．A．explreB．getC．cverD．fly
62．A．speedB．timeC．prductD．distance
63．A．wastingB．lsingC．savingD．spending
64．A．earnB．drpC．missD．gain
65．A．leftB．cmeC．frgttenD．felt
66．A．shipsB．airplanesC．cmputersD．cars
67．A．preventinB．radiatinC．cmbinatinD．damage
68．A．cntrlB．handleC．dD．deal
69．A．uncmfrtableB．easyC．difficultD．gd
70．A．secndB．dayC．yearD．time
71．A．activelyB．quietlyC．quicklyD．curiusly
72．A．surfaceB．waterC．landD．island
73．A．wayB．viewC．pathwayD．pint
74．A．expressedB．chargedC．inspiredD．faced
75．A．freedB．remainedC．keptD．cleared
（2023春·广东深圳·高一深圳市高级中学校考期中）In many ways, Gitanjali Ra is an rdinary 11-year-ld, lively and chatty, yet her scientific spirit makes a huge difference. Last mnth, she ____76____ the tp prize at the Discvery Educatin 3M Yung Scicntist Challenge fr her inventin.
What ____77____ Gitanjali’s wrk was that her city faced a water emergency with t much lead in its water. ”The idea didn’t ____78____ t me until I saw my patents try t d water tests. The test strips may shw inaccurate results, which weren’t very ____79____.” She recalls. She then searched fr suitable materials with cntinued effrts and ____80____ fund that carbn nantube (纳米管) sensrs can be used t sense chemicals. Gitanjali ____81____ t build a small blue husing using the 3D printer at her schl with cmputer chips and a battery inside. A free app, which Gitanjali designed under ____82____ frm her cmputer science teacher, gives instant ____83____ and sends the data t a linked phne thrugh an attached device.
The prcess f designing her prject wasn’t always ____84____, thugh. Kathleen Shafer, a scientist paired with Gitanjali as her teacher in summer, _____85_____ alng the way. In the award ceremny, Gitanjali als _____86_____ her parents with cnstant supprt and _____87_____ t try “crazy ideas”. Gitanjali received $25, 000 t further develp her prgram alng with the great _____88_____ f winning the cntest. Accrding t Shafer, wh _____89_____ Gitanjali, “she shws a lt f mtivatin t slve _____90_____ issues thrugh science”.
76．A．earnedB．designedC．fferedD．made
77．A．expsedB．imprvedC．definedD．inspired
78．A．stickB．belngC．ccurD．apply
79．A．simpleB．reliableC．predictableD．creative
80．A．eventuallyB．immediatelyC．temprarilyD．initially
81．A．managedB．prmisedC．pretendedD．happened
82．A．bservatinB．cmmandC．instructinD．cntrl
83．A．accessB．resultsC．decisinsD．apprval
84．A．ptinalB．cmpleteC．cntinuusD．smth
85．A．changedB．helpedC．risked .D．fllwed
86．A．stressesB．creditsC．impressesD．prvides
87．A．encuragementB．requestC．struggleD．pressure
88．A．frtuneB．intentinC．hnrD．ptential
89．A．keeps withB．gets alng withC．takes care fD．speaks highly f
90．A．cmmercialB．academicC．practicalD．systematic
参考答案：
1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．D 6．A 7．C 8．D 9．B 10．C 11．B 12．A 13．C 14．D 15．B
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了Gitanjali获得探索教育3M青年科学家挑战赛最高奖一事。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：上个月，她的发明获得了探索教育3M青年科学家挑战赛的最高奖。A. designed设计；B. earned挣得、赢得；C. ffered提供；D. made制作。根据“the tp prize at the Discvery Educatin 3M Yung Scientist Challenge”可知，此处指获奖，eared符合语境。故选B项。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：启发Gitanjali工作的是，她的城市面临着水中铅含量过高的紧急情况。A. expsed暴露；B. imprved提升；C. defined定义；D. inspired鼓舞、激励、启发。根据“What ____2____ Gitanjali’s wrk was that her city faced a water emergency with t much lead (铅) in its water.”可知，她的城市面临着水中铅含量过高的问题，这是她的发明的灵感来源，此处应是“启发”，inspired符合语境。故选D项。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：直到我看到父母试着做水测试，我才有了这个想法。A. ccur出现、发生；B. belng属于；C. stick刺、坚持；D. apply申请、应用。根据“The idea didn’t ____3____ t me until I saw my parents try t d water tests.”可知，直到父母试着做水测试才有了这个想法，ccur t sb为固定搭配，表示“某人突然想到”。故选A项。
4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：试纸可能会显示不准确的结果，这不是很可靠。A. simple简单的；B. predictable可预测的；C. reliable可靠的；D. creative创新的、有创造力的。根据前面的“inaccurate results”可知，不准确的结果说明不可靠，reliable符合语境。故选C项。
5．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后，她不断努力寻找合适的材料，最终发现碳纳米管传感器可以用来感知化学物质。A. initially开始、起初；B. immediately立即、马上；C. temprarily临时地、暂时地；D. eventually最终、最后。根据“She then searched fr suitable materials with cntinued effrts”可知，她不断努力寻找合适材料，最后发现了碳纳米管传稿器，eventually符合语境。故选D项。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Gitanjali在学校用3d打印机建造了一个蓝色的小房子，里面有电脑芯片和电池。A. managed管理、设法做成；B. prmised承诺；C. pretended假装；D. happened发生、碰巧。根据“Gitanjali ____6____ t build a small blue husing using the 3-D printer at her schl with cmputer chips and a battery inside.”可知，应该是“设法”在学校建造了一个蓝色的小房子，manage t d为固定短语，表示“设法做成某事”。故选A项。
7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Gitanjali在她的计算机科学老师的指导下设计了一个免费的应用程序，通过一个附加设备将数据发送到一个连接的手机上。A. bservatin观察；B. cmmand命令；C. instructin指示、指导；D. cntrl控制。根据“which Gitanjali designed under ____7____ frm her cmputer science teacher”可知，应该是在老师的“指导下”，instructin符合语境。故选C项。
8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Gitanjali在她的计算机科学老师的指导下设计了一个免费的应用程序，通过一个附加设备将数据发送到一个连接的手机上。A. sustainable可持续的；B. permanent永久的；C. blank空白的；D. attached附属的。根据“sends the data t a linked phne”可知，应该是通过一个“附加”设备发送数据，attached符合语境。故选D项。
9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不过，设计项目的过程并不总是一帆风顺。A. ptinal可选择的、选修的；B. smth平坦的、流畅的；C. cntinuus连续的；D. cmplete完全的、完整的。根据“The prcess f designing her prject wasn’t always ____9____ , thugh.”可知，此处与上文存在转折关系，应指过程并非总是很顺利，smth符合语境。故选B项。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：科学家Kathleen Shafer是Gitanjali暑期的搭档老师，她一直在帮助她。A. seized抓住；B. risked冒险；C. helped帮助；D. fllwed跟随。根据“as her teacher”可知，既然是搭档老师，应该是“帮助”她，helped符合语境。故选C项。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在颁奖典礼上，Gitanjali还将自己的成功归功于父母不断的支持和鼓励，让她尝试“疯狂的想法”。A. stresses强调；B. wes亏欠、归功于；C. impresses使印象深刻；D. guarantees保证。根据“Gitanjali als ____11____ her success t her parents’ cnstant supprt and ____12____ t try “crazy ideas”可知，应该是将她的成功“归因于”父母的支持和鼓励，we t为固定短语，表示“归功于”。故选B项。
12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在颁奖典礼上，Gitanjali还将自己的成功归功于父母不断的支持和鼓励，让她尝试“疯狂的想法”。A. encuragement鼓励；B. request要求、请求；C. struggle奋斗、斗争；D. pressure压力。根据“her parents’ cnstant supprt and ____12____ t try “crazy ideas”可知，应该是父母的支持和鼓励，encuragement符合语境。故选A项。
13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Gitanjali获得了25,000美元，用于进一步发展她的项目，并获得了赢得比赛的巨大荣誉。A. frtune命运、财富；B. intentin意图、打算；C. hnr荣誉；D. ptential潜力。根据“Gitanjali received $25, 000 t further develp her prgram alng with the great ____13____ f winning the cntest.”可知，应该是赢得比赛的“荣誉”，hnr符合语境。故选C项。
14．考查动词短语辨析。句意：Shafer高度评价了Gitanjali，他说：“她表现出了通过科学解决实际问题的极大动力。”A. keeps up with赶上、保持联系；B. gets alng with与……和睦相处；C. takes care f照顾、看护；D. speaks highly f高度赞扬。根据后面的话“she shws a lt f mtivatin t slve ____15____ issues thrugh science”可知，Shafer对Gitanjali的评价很高，speaks highly f表示“高度赞扬”。故选D项。
15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Shafer高度评价了Gitanjali，他说：“她表现出了通过科学解决实际问题的极大动力。”A. cmmercial商业的；B. practical实际的；C. symblic有象征意义的；D. dynamic充满活力的、精力充沛的。根据“she shws a lt f mtivatin t slve ____15____ issues thrugh science”和上文内容可知，Gitanjali研究的东西用于解决水中铅含量过高的问题，这属于“实际问题”，practical符合语境。故选B项。
16．D 17．B 18．C 19．A 20．A 21．D 22．A 23．D 24．C 25．B 26．C 27．A 28．B 29．A 30．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一种类似于“会飞的汽车”的新思路——载人无人机，详细阐述了其面临的各种技术难题，指出这种技术的实现还要走很长的路。
16．考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着中国EHANG和优步（Uber）等几家初创企业正在研发所谓的“无人驾驶飞机”，飞行汽车的梦想可能很快就会成真。无人驾驶飞机的尺寸足够大，可以在市内运送乘客，从而将通勤时间从数小时缩短到几分钟。A. simplify简化；B. adjust调整，校对；C. estimate估计；D. shrink缩小。根据“frm hurs t minutes. ”可知，此处是指缩短时间。故选D。
17．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：乍一看，载人无人机听起来并不比飞行汽车更现实。A. magical有魔力的；B. realistic现实的；C. appealing有吸引力的；D. wrthwhile值得的。根据下文“Until recently, inventrs had never been able t 3 autmbiles and aircraft in a practical way.”可知，载人无人机听起来不太现实。故选B。
18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：直到最近，发明家们还无法以实际的方式将汽车和飞机结合起来。A. imitate模仿；B. design设计；C. marry嫁，娶，使……结合；D. divide分开。根据上文“human-carrying drnes”可知，载人无人机是把汽车和飞机结合起来。故选C。
19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，一些公司一直在坚持这一点：例如，沃伯恩自2006年以来一直在开发Transitin，一种类似于小型飞机的“可行驶飞机”，可以折叠机翼并在公路上行驶。A. resembles像；B. utperfrms胜过，做得比……好；C. challenges挑战；D. persnalizes个性化。根据“radable aircraft”推知，这种设备像小型飞机。故选A。
20．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，事实证明，在每个车库里都有一辆私人飞行汽车是一项艰难的销售，因为要求普通通勤者训练驾驶执照并驾驶飞机上天，存在严重的安全问题。A. tugh艰难的，棘手的；B. real真的；C. evil邪恶的；D. huge巨大的。根据下文“as there are serius safety cncerns abut asking the average cmmuter t train fr a pilt’s license and take t the skies. ”可知，要让每家人的车库里都有一辆私人飞机是很艰难的销售。故选A。
21．考查介词短语辨析。句意：相比之下，客运无人机将自动运行，并将“可行驶”的部分抛在后面，取而代之的是现有的更大版本的飞机。A. in additin此外；B. fr example例如；C. n the whle总的来看，大体上；D. by cntrast相较而言。结合上文可知，此处是把passenger drne和persnal flying car作对比。故选D。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这牺牲了升力和飞行性能，以换取机械简单性和更轻的重量因素，从而降低了操作成本。A. sacrifices牺牲；B. strengthens加强；C. balances使……平衡；D. cntrls控制。根据上文“Passenger drne designs favr “distributed electric prpulsin(推进),” meaning instead f ne large rtr pwered by a large engine they have multiple prpellers each pwered by its wn, smaller mtr.”可知，这种设计减轻了飞机本身的重量，因此是用牺牲升力和飞行能力来换取取机械简单性和更轻的重量。故选A。
23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：更安静的电力将使城市居民可以忍受噪音，但这种车辆能承受多大的重量，以及能承受多长时间，还有待观察。A. immune免疫的；B. unknwn不为人知的；C. relevant相关的；D. tlerable可容忍的。根据“Quieter electric pwer”可知，更安静的电力使噪音变得可以忍受。故选D。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于任何这些车辆，安全是最大的问题，并延伸到飞机和驾驶它们的自动化系统。A. cntributes贡献；B. appeals吸引，上诉，呼吁；C. extends延伸，伸出；D. adapts适应，改编。结合语境可知，此处是指安全问题还延伸到飞机和它的自动化系统。故选C。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：需要先进的人工智能来驾驶大量的自动驾驶飞机，而不会撞到其他飞机，比如当地新闻频道的交通直升机。A. plunging用力插入；B. crashing碰撞，发出巨响；C. blwing吹；D. splitting使……分裂，撕裂。根据上文“With any f these vehicles, safety is the biggest cncern”可知，本段讨论的是安全问题，因此此处是指自动驾驶飞机不能撞到其他飞机。故选B。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：把人从A点带到B点似乎很简单，但即使是最好的人工智能也会遇到意外：例如，如果着陆区突然变得不可用，无人机会做什么？卡耐基梅隆大学机器人研究员桑吉夫·辛格问道。A. encunters偶遇；B. lcatins位置；C. surprises惊喜，意外的情况；D. differences区分，不同。根据“What, fr example, wuld a drne d if a landing area suddenly became unavailable?”可知，此处是指万一遇到意外情况，无人机会采取什么措施。故选C。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他建议首先在无人货运中测试必要的人工智能，并在早期客运服务中采用“混合模式”方法，由人工智能副驾驶员协助驾驶员，而不是跳到全自动客运无人机。A. leaping跳跃；B. tending照料，倾向于；C. pinting指；D. applying申请，应用，涂抹。根据“he suggests first testing the necessary AI in unmanned carg(货物)runs, and adpting a “mixed mde” apprach in early passenger services where pilts are assisted by AI c-pilts.”可知，此处是指一开始不能完全跳入全自动客运无人机这种运载方式，而是要循序渐进。且下文“rather than vertical (垂直的) leap. ”也是提示。故选A。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：撇开技术挑战不谈，推广这项技术的初创企业必须找到一种方法来说服公众让他们的无人机试试，这需要比坐上自动驾驶汽车后座更大的信心。A. disrder紊乱；B. backseat后座；C. dubt怀疑；D. flw流。根据“getting int”和“a self-driving car”可知，此处是指坐上无人驾驶汽车（的后座）。故选B。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：美国国际直升机协会执行董事迈克·赫希伯格表示，无人驾驶飞机制造商“显然仍处于技术开发和基础设施改进的孵化阶段”。A. basics基本原理，基本原则；B. figures数字，人物；C. slutins解决方案；D. effects影响，效果。根据“in the incubatin (孵化) stages f technlgy develpment”可知，此处是指无人驾驶飞机制造商仍然出于技术开发和改进基础的阶段。故选A。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但二三十年后的生活可能会有点像《杰森一家》，你可以利用三维空间，有更多的流动性，尤其是在地面交通拥堵的城市近距离区域。A. atmsphere氛围，大气；B. cncentratin专注，集中；C. dependence依赖；D. mbility移动性，流动性。根据“yu take advantage f the third dimensin”可知，此处是指有了更多的流动性。故选D。
31．C 32．B 33．A 34．D 35．B 36．D 37．A 38．D 39．C 40．A 41．C 42．B 43．C 44．B 45．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了浙江实验室的科学家们正在开发的先进的传感器以及智能传感技术。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：理解视觉、听觉、触觉、嗅觉和味觉这五种感官仍然是科学的前沿领域。A. feelings感觉，触觉；B. rgans器官；C. senses感官，感觉官能；D. emtins情绪。根据空后的“sight, hearing, tuch, smell, and taste”可知此处指视觉、听觉、触觉、嗅觉和味觉这五种感官。故选C。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了探索这些过程，研究人员经常尝试模拟自然。A. balance保持平衡，权衡；B. mdel复制，模仿；C. enjy享受；D. change改变。由下文“the late Crnell University psychlgist Frank Rsenblatt cpied the wiring and prcessing in a fly’s eye t build a device filled with a maze f wires and electrnics”可知句中指研究人员模拟大自然。故选B。
33．考查短语辨析。句意：例如，20世纪50年代，康奈尔大学已故心理学家Frank Rsenblatt模仿苍蝇眼睛中的布线和处理过程，制造了一个充满迷宫般的电线和电子器件的设备，称为感知器。A. fr instance例如；B. such as比如；C. by cntrast相比之下；D. in reality事实上。句意分析可知，此句是举例说明上文所阐述的内容“T explre these prcesses, researchers ften try t ____2____ nature.”，空后是一个完整的句子，fr instance符合句意。故选A。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：像这样的研究，现在由先进的计算提供动力，正在创造一个名为智能传感的新研究领域，在中国杭州的之江实验室有许多科学家在探索这个领域。A. designed设计；B. highlighted突出，强调；C. prgrammed编写程序，设置；D. called 给……取名，把……唤作。由下文“ intelligent sensing”可知这个新的研究领域被称为智能传感。故选D。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：像这样的研究，现在由先进的计算提供动力，正在创造一个名为智能传感的新研究领域，在中国杭州的浙江实验室有许多科学家在探索这个领域。A. prduce生产，制造；B. explre探究，探索；C. discver发现；D. find找到，发现。由句中“are creating a new field f study __4__ intelligent sensing”可知，智能传感是一个新的研究领域，需要探索。故选B。
36．考查动词词义辨析。句意：浙江实验室智能传感研究所所长刘旭说：“智能传感是一种模仿人类感知周围物体和环境的感知模式的新技术。”A. cntrl控制，掌管；B. investigate调查；C. affect影响；D. perceive感知，认为。由句中“a new technlgy f cpying the sensing mde”可知，智能传感是一种模仿人类感知周围物体和环境的感知模式的新技术。故选D。
37．考查名词词义辨析。句意：人类的视觉、听觉、嗅觉、味觉和触觉都有自己的神经网络，它们都以特定的方式计算。A. visin视觉；B. cntact联系，接触；C. mvement移动；D. knwledge知识。由第一段中“Making sense f the five ____1____ — sight, hearing, tuch, smell, and taste — remains a frefrnt field in science.”可知，此处指人类视觉。故选A。
38．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它不仅是机械的感知过程，而且是物理感知、神经信息处理和大脑识别的结合，形成了人类对周围环境的认知、学习和理解。A. cmpetence能力；B. cmmunicatin交流，通讯；C. cmparisn比较；D. cmbinatin结合体，结合。根据上文“Intelligent sensing is a new technlgy f cpying the sensing mde thrugh which humans ____6____ surrunding bjects and the envirnment”以及空后的“that frms a human’s knwing, learning and understanding their ____9____”可知，此处指物理感知、神经信息处理和大脑识别的结合。故选D。
39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它不仅是机械的感知过程，而且是物理感知、神经信息处理和大脑识别的结合，形成了人类对周围环境的认知、学习和理解。A. structures结构；B. slutins解决方案；C. surrundings周围环境，周围事物；D. statistics统计数字。根据上文“Intelligent sensing is a new technlgy f cpying the sensing mde thrugh which humans ____6____ surrunding bjects and the envirnment,”可知此处指形成对周围环境的认知、学习和理解。故选C。
40．考查副词词义辨析。句意：智能传感的进步在很大程度上依赖于更先进的传感器，例如由传统数字传感器创建的所谓智能传感器。A. heavily在很大程度上，大量地；B. widely普遍地，广泛地；C. deeply非常，深刻地；D. highly非常，高度地。根据句中“such as s-called smart sensrs ____11____ frm a cnventinal digital sensr”以及下文“‘These kinds f sensrs will sn enter the market, but they can nly be ____12____ as initial types f intelligent sensrs,’ Liu says, because even smarter sensrs are ___13___ develpment.”可知，智能传感的进步在很大程度上依赖于更先进的传感器。故选A。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：智能传感的进步在很大程度上依赖于更先进的传感器，例如由传统数字传感器创建的所谓智能传感器。A. supprted支持；B. recvered恢复，重新获得；C. created创造，建立；D. remved移开，去除。根据句意以及上文“Advances in intelligent sensing rely ___10___ n mre advanced sensrs”可知所谓的智能传感器是在传统的数字传感器基础上发明的。故选C。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“这些类型的传感器将很快进入市场，但它们只能被视为智能传感器的初始类型，”刘说，因为更智能的传感器还在开发中。A. planned计划，打算；B. regarded将……认为，把……视为；C. traded做买卖，互相交换；D. applied申请，使用。由“because even smarter sensrs are ____13____ develpment”可知很快进入市场的这些传感器只能被看作是智能传感器的初始类型，be regarded as“被看作，被视为”符合句意。故选B。
43．考查介词词义辨析。句意：“这些类型的传感器将很快进入市场，但它们只能被视为智能传感器的初始类型，”刘说，因为更智能的传感器还在开发中。A. f属于；B. fr（表示对象、用途等）给，为了；C. in在……内，在……中；D. n在……之上，关于。由句中“These kinds f sensrs will sn enter the market, but they can nly be ___12___ as initial types f intelligent sensrs”以及下文“researchers can be ___15___ that tmrrw’s sensrs will be much mre advanced”可知更智能的传感器还在开发中，短语in develpment“在开发中”符合句意。故选C。
44．考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然研究人员承认这些突破刺激了现有传感器的发展，但他们可以相信，未来的传感器将更加先进。A. When在……时候；B. While虽然，尽管，在……期间，当……的时候；C. Because因为；D. If如果，假若，是否。由句意可知句中上下句之间表示转折，while引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然、尽管”，符合句意。故选B。
45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然研究人员承认这些突破刺激了现有传感器的发展，但他们可以相信，未来的传感器将更加先进。A. cnfident确信的，有把握的，自信的；B. dubtful不确定，怀疑的；C. uncertain迟疑的，没有把握的；D. fearful可怕的，担心的。根据上文“because even smarter sensrs are ___13___ develpment”以及空后的“that tmrrw’s sensrs will be much mre advanced”可知研究人员可以确信未来的传感器将更加先进。故选A。
46．B 47．D 48．A 49．B 50．C 51．D 52．C 53．A 54．D 55．B 56．B 57．A 58．C 59．D 60．C
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章提到飞行汽车一直以来是人们憧憬的梦想，近期由荷兰公司制造的PAL-V Liberty 飞行汽车已经进入了办理相关飞行许可的最后阶段，并有望于不远的将来上路行驶。
46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个意大利车型建于20世纪40年代。A. ty玩具；B. mdel模型；C. equipment设备；D. netwrk网络；根据上文“Fr as lng as there’ve been cars and planes, smene has been trying t cmbine the tw(自从有了汽车和飞机，就有人试图将两者合二为一)”以及下文“was built in the 1940s(建于20世纪40年代)”可知20世纪40年代建造的只是一个飞行汽车模型，故选B 项。
47．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但问题是，之前的 “飞车” 都不实用，现在情况可能即将改变。A. prtable便捷的；B. native本国的；C. attractive吸引人的；D. practical实用的；根据下文“but nw things culd be abut t change(但是现在情况可能即将改变)”可知之前的尝试都是不实用的，故选D 项。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们不要再只是憧憬，所以我们现在已经进入办理相关飞行许可的最后阶段。A. dreaming梦想；憧憬；B. wrking工作；C. cheering欢呼；D. wandering漫步；根据下文“we are nw at the very last stage f prcessing the regulatins within permissins fr flight with this vehicle(我们现在已经进入办理这种交通工具相关飞行许可的最后阶段)”可知飞车已经几乎成为了现实，不再只是憧憬中的东西，故选A 项。
49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. car小汽车；B. vehicle交通工具；C. plane飞机；D. diplma文凭；根据文章首句“Fr as lng as there've been cars and planes, smene has been trying t cmbine the tw(自从有了汽车和飞机，就有人试图将两者合二为一)”可知这是一种将飞机和汽车的功能合二为一的交通工具，故选B 项。
50．考查形容词词义辨析，句意：梦想成真近在咫尺。A. interesting有趣的；B. risky有风险的；C. clse靠近的；D. enjyable愉快的；根据上文“we are nw at the very last stage f prcessing the regulatins within permissins fr flight with this vehicle(我们现在已经进入办理这种交通工具相关飞行许可的最后阶段)”可知制造飞车的梦想距离成为现实已经很近了，故选C 项。
51．考查非谓语动词词义辨析。句意：PAL-V Liberty 由一家荷兰公司制造，经过长期努力，这家公司即将得到全部许可及批准。A. designed设计；B. exchange交换；C. frbidden禁用；D. apprved批准；根据上文“The PAL-V Liberty is made by a Dutch cmpany which is nearing the end f the lng prcess t get everything licensed(PAL-V Liberty 由一家荷兰公司制造，经过长期努力，这家公司即将得到全部许可)”以及并列连词and 可知应填入与表达“许可”含义相近的词，故选D 项。
52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：殊不知这家公司其实已经接到了很多订单。A. gifts礼物；B. pprtunities机会；C. rders订单；D. gds货物；根据上文“The questin is, wh is ging t buy ne?(问题是，谁会买这种飞行汽车？)”可知此处在讨论飞行汽车的购买订单问题，故选C 项。
53．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是成为飞行员最快的方法。A. fastest最快的；B. slwest最慢的；C. funniest最滑稽的；D. ldest最老的；根据下文“There’s always a small James Bnd seat in every heart f every guy and every girl(在每个人心中，不论男女，都多少有点想要像詹姆斯·邦德在电影里那样炫酷)”可知有意愿购买飞行汽车的人很多，这些人购买飞行汽车是成为飞行员最快的方法，故选A 项。
54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在每个人心中，不论男女，都多少有点想要像詹姆斯·邦德在电影里那样炫酷，这就是我们销售的目标客户群体。A. skating滑冰；B. remving移动；C. returning返回；D. selling销售；根据上文“There’s always a small James Bnd seat in every heart f every guy and every girl(在每个人心中，不论男女，都多少有点想要像詹姆斯·邦德在电影里那样炫酷)”可知有意愿购买飞车的目标客户群体很大，可以销售飞车给他们，故选D 项。
55．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：令人惊异，是吗。A. Dangerus危险的；B. Amazing令人惊异的；C. Unbearable无法容忍的；D. Grateful感激的；根据上文“It takes less than ten minutes t turn it frm a plane t a car.(飞机变身汽车，只需不到十分钟)”可知飞车的功能很强大，令人惊异，故选B 项。
56．考查动词词义辨析。句意：你可以降落在任何机场，然后开车回家。A. find发现；B. land降落；C. rent出租；D. arrange安排；根据下文“and then drive hme(然后开车回家)”可知开飞车回家需要先在机场降落变成汽车，然后开车回家，故选B 项。
57．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你想买一辆飞行汽车，需要花30万欧元。A. purchase购买；B. witness目击；见证；C. invent发明；D. name命名；根据下文“it’s ging t cst yu €300, 000.(需要花30万欧元)”可知本句表达的含义是要购买飞车，故选A 项。
58．考查形容词词义及短语辨析。句意：这听起来很多，但如果你想走在他们所承诺的最前沿，这可能会是一场新的汽车和航空旅行革命。A. a little一点点；B. reasnable合理的；C. a lt多；D. pssible可能的；根据上文“it’s ging t cst yu €300, 000(需要花30万欧元)”可知飞车价格昂贵，花钱比较多，故选C 项。
59．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在英国开飞行汽车，你需要私人飞行员执照，可以在Cventry和 Oxfrd学习学习考执照。A. ticket票；B. thery原理；C. invitatin邀请；D. license执照； 根据下文“yu can learn bth here in Cventry and in Oxfrd(你可以在Cventry和 Oxfrd学习)”可知开飞行汽车可以在这两个学校学习并考取执照，故选D 项。
60．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们认为，明年你可能会看到一辆 “飞车” 在你家附近的街边驶过。A. imagine想象；B. suggest建议；C. see看见；D. appreciate鉴赏；根据下文“driving alng a street near yu(在你家附近的街边驶过)”可知明年能看见飞车在路上行驶，故选C 项。
61．C 62．A 63．C 64．D 65．A 66．C 67．B 68．B 69．C 70．D 71．B 72．C 73．A 74．D 75．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了速度改变对生活的影响。人们对速度的追求使科技不断创新，但科技发展节约下来的时间并没有被用来进行放松。
61．考查动词词义辨析。句意：汽车在一个多小时内行驶100英里，飞机在一天内飞越世界，而计算机以闪电般的速度运行。A. explre探索；B. get得到；C. cver行走（一段距离）；D. fly飞行。根据空后的“a hundred miles”可知，此处指汽车“行驶100英里”，故选C项。
62．考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，这种对速度的热爱似乎是永无止境的。A. speed速度；B. time时间；C. prduct产品；D. distance距离。根据上文“Mdern inventins have speeded up peple’s lives amazingly.(现代发明惊人地加快了人们的生活速度)”可知，此处指对速度的热爱，故选A项。
63．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每年都生产出速度更快的汽车，每台新电脑都号称能节省处理任务的宝贵时间。A. wasting浪费；B. lsing丢失；C. saving节省；D. spending花费。根据“Every year mtr cars are prduced which g even faster”及下文“All this saves time(这一切都节省了时间)”可知，此处意思是每年都会生产出速度更快的汽车，吹嘘每台新电脑在处理任务时都能节省宝贵的时间。故选C项。
64．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们乘坐飞机在世界各地快速飞行时少了或多了半天时间，我们的身体会告诉我们这一点。A. earn赚得；B. drp投，丢；C. miss思念，错过；D. gain获得。此处和“lse”是选择关系，表示“失去或者获得”，故选D项。
65．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的身体感觉他们被留在了另一个时区。A. left留；B. cme来；C. frgtten忘记；D. felt感觉。根据上文“We get the uncmfrtable feeling knwn as jet-lag (时差).”可知，我们因为时差而感到不舒服，身体感觉被留在了另一个时区。故选A项。
66．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同样，在电脑前花太长时间会导致手腕和手指疼痛。A. ships轮船；B. airplanes飞机；C. cmputers电脑；D. cars汽车。根据“results in painful wrists(手腕) and fingers”以及下文“Mbile phnes als have their dangers(手机也有它们的危险)”可推知，此处是描述电子产品的危害，指长时间使用电脑会导致手腕和手指疼痛。故选C项。
67．考查名词词义辨析。句意：手机也有它们的危险：过度使用可能会把有害的辐射传输到我们的大脑。A. preventin阻止；B. radiatin辐射；C. cmbinatin结合；D. damage损害。此处是讲手机的危害，应是指“辐射”。故选B项。
68．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们如何处理节省下来的时间呢？A. cntrl控制；B. handle处理，应付；C. d做；D. deal处理，应付。根据下一句“Certainly nt relax, r s it seems.(当然不会放松，至少看起来是这样)”可知，此处指如何处理节省下来的时间，deal意为“处理”时常和with连用，故选B项。
69．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们习惯了不断的活动，以至于我们发现坐下来什么都不做，甚至一次只做一件事都很难。A. uncmfrtable不舒服的；B. easy容易的；C. difficult困难的；D. gd好的。根据“We are s used t cnstant activity”可知，我们习惯了忙碌，无所事事地坐着对我们来说很难。故选C项。
70．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们习惯了不断的活动，以至于我们发现坐下来什么都不做，甚至一次只做一件事都很难。A. secnd秒；B. day天；C. year年；D. time时间。at a time一次，每次，固定短语，此处指“一次只做一件事很难”。故选D项。
71．考查副词词义辨析。句意：也许我们静静地听收音机里的故事，让想象力带我们进入另一个世界的日子已经一去不复返了。A. actively积极地；B. quietly安静地；C. quickly快速地；D. curiusly好奇地。根据“letting imaginatin take us int anther wrld”可推知，此处指安安静静地听收音机里的故事，让想象力带我们进入另一个世界。故选B项。
72．考查名词词义辨析。句意：曾几何时，有些人的生命仅仅专注于耕种土地或饲养牲畜。A. surface表面；B. water水；C. land土地；D. island岛。根据空前的“the cultivatin (耕作) f”可知，此处指“耕地”。故选C项。
73．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这样的生活方式有许多值得我们羡慕的地方。A. way方式；B. view观点；C. pathway路，途径；D. pint观点。根据上文“N multi-tasking there; their lives went n at a much gentler pace.(没有多任务；他们的生活以一种温和得多的节奏继续着)”可知，此处指上文提到的那种生活方式。故选A项。
74．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但在我们这样做之前，我们必须想到我们的祖先所面临的艰难任务。A. expressed表达；B. charged指控；C. inspired鼓舞；D. faced面对。通过上文“the hard tasks”可推知，此处意为我们的祖先面对的艰巨任务。故选D项。
75．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现代机器把人们从原始的生活中解放出来。A. freed释放，使解脱出来；B. remained保持不变；C. kept保持；D. cleared清除，清理。结合全文，再通过下文“frm that primitive existence”可推知，现代机器把人们从那种原始的生活中解放出来了。故选A项。
76．A 77．D 78．C 79．B 80．A 81．A 82．C 83．B 84．D 85．B 86．B 87．A 88．C 89．D 90．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了11岁的Gitanjali是一个普通的女孩，她的科学精神产生了巨大的影响。她因其发明在探索教育3M青年科学家挑战赛中获得了最高奖项。
76．考查动词词义辨析。句意：上个月，她凭借自己的发明在探索教育3M青年科学家挑战赛中获得了最高奖项。A. earned赢得；B. designed设计；C. ffered提供；D. made制作。由上文“In many ways, Gitanjali Ra is an rdinary 11-year-ld, lively and chatty, yet her scientific spirit makes a huge difference.”和下文“the tp prize at the Discvery Educatin 3M Yung Scicntist Challenge fr her inventin.”可知，她在探索教育3M青年科学家挑战赛中赢得了最高奖项，故选A。
77．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Gitanjali的工作之所以受到启发，是因为她的城市面临着水资源紧急情况，水中铅含量过高。A. expsed暴露；B. imprved提高；C. defined下定义；D. inspired鼓舞；启发。由下文“her city faced a water emergency with t much lead in its water.”可知，Gitanjali的城市面临着水资源紧急情况，水中铅含量过高，这启发了她，故选D。
78．考查动词词义辨析。句意：直到我看到我的专利试图在做水测试，我才想到这个主意。A. stick粘；B. belng属于；C. ccur发生；（想法）产生；D. apply应用。由上文“The idea didn’ ”和下文“t me”可知，她想到了这个主意，sth. ccur t sb.意为“某人突然想起某事”，故选C。
79．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些试纸可能会显示不准确的结果，这些结果并不十分可靠。A. simple简单的；B. reliable可靠的；C. predictable可预测的；D. creative有创造力的。由上文“The test strips may shw inaccurate results”可知，这些试纸可能会显示不准确的结果，所以这些结果并不十分可靠，故选B。
80．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后，她继续努力寻找合适的材料，最终发现碳纳米管传感器可以用来感知化学物质。A. eventually最后；B. immediately马上；C. temprarily暂时地；D. initially最初。由上文“She then searched fr suitable materials with cntinued effrts”和下文“fund that carbn nantube (纳米管) sensrs can be used t sense chemicals.”可知，此处按先后顺序描述她的一些工作，她继续努力寻找合适的材料，最终发现碳纳米管传感器可以用来感知化学物质，故选A。
81．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Gitanjali设法用她学校的3D打印机建造了一个蓝色的小房子，里面装有电脑芯片和电池。A. managed管理；设法做到；B. prmised承诺；C. pretended假装；D. happened发生。由下文“t build a small blue husing using the 3D printer at her schl with cmputer chips and a battery inside.”可知，她设法用她学校的3D打印机建造了一个蓝色的小房子，manage t d固定搭配，意为“设法做到”，故选A。
82．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Gitanjali在她的计算机科学老师的指导下设计了一个免费的应用程序，它可以给出即时的结果，并通过一个附加设备将数据发送到一个链接的手机上。A. bservatin观察；B. cmmand命令；C. instructin指导；D. cntrl控制。由下文“frm her cmputer science teacher,”可知，此处指在计算机科学老师的指导下，故选C。
83．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Gitanjali在她的计算机科学老师的指导下设计了一个免费的应用程序，它可以给出即时的结果，并通过一个附加设备将数据发送到一个链接的手机上。A. access入口；B. results结果；C. decisins决定；D. apprval赞成。由下文“sends the data t a linked phne thrugh an attached device.”可知，应用程序可以给出即时的结果，并通过一个附加设备将数据发送到一个链接的手机上，故选B。
84．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，设计她的项目的过程并不总是一帆风顺。A. ptinal可选择的；B. cmplete完全的；C. cntinuus持续的；D. smth顺利的。由下文“thugh”和常识以及下文“Kathleen Shafer, a scientist paired with Gitanjali as her teacher in summer,___10___alng the way.”可知，此处表示她设计她的项目的过程并不总是一帆风顺，故选D。
85．考查动词词义辨析。句意：科学家Kathleen Shafer在夏天与Gitanjali搭档，并担任她的老师，一路上帮助了她。A. changed改变；B. helped帮助；C. risked冒险；D. fllwed跟随。由上文“Kathleen Shafer, a scientist paired with Gitanjali as her teacher”可知，科学家Kathleen Shafer作为Gitanjali的老师帮助她，故选B。
86．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在颁奖仪式上，Gitanjali还将自己的成功归功于她父母的不断支持和鼓励她尝试“疯狂的想法”。A. stresses强调；B. credits信任；给予承认；认为是……的功劳；C. impresses给……留下印象；D. prvides提供。由下文“her parents with cnstant supprt”可知，Gitanjali将自己的成功归功于父母不断的支持，credit sb. with sth.固定搭配，意为“把……归功于某人”，故选B。
87．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在颁奖仪式上，Gitanjali还将自己的成功归功于她的父母不断的支持和鼓励她尝试“疯狂的想法”。A. encuragement鼓励；B. request要求；C. struggle挣扎；D. pressure压力。由上文“with cnstant supprt”和下文“t try “crazy ideas””可知，她的父母不断支持她，鼓励她尝试新想法，故选A。
88．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Gitanjali获得了25000美元，用于进一步发展她的项目，同时也获得了赢得比赛的巨大荣誉。A. frtune财富；B. intentin意图；C. hnr荣誉；D. ptential潜力。由下文“f winning the cntest”可知，她获得了赢得比赛的巨大荣誉。故选C。
89．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：Shafer对Gitanjali评价很高，他说：“她表现出了通过科学解决实际问题的很大动力。”A. keeps with跟上；B. gets alng with与……相处；C. takes care f照顾；D. speaks highly f高度赞扬。由下文“she shws a lt f mtivatin t slve”可知，Shafer对Gitanjali评价很高，故选D。
90．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Shafer对Gitanjali评价很高，他说：“她表现出了通过科学解决实际问题的很大动力。”A. cmmercial商业的；B. academic学术的；C. practical实用的；D. systematic系统的。由下文“issues thrugh science”和上文提到的Gitanjali在她的计算机科学老师的指导下设计了一个免费的应用程序，它可以给出即时的结果，并通过一个附加设备将数据发送到一个链接的手机上可知，她通过科学解决实际问题。故选C。
What ____2____ Gitanjali’s wrk was that her city faced a water emergency with t much lead (铅) in its water. “The idea didn’t ____3____ t me until I saw my parents try t d water tests. The test strips may shw inaccurate results, which weren’t very ____4____. ” she recalled.
She then searched fr suitable materials with cntinued effrts and ____5____ fund that carbn nantube (纳米管) sensrs can be used t sense chemicals. Gitanjali ____6____ t build a small blue husing using the 3-D printer at her schl with cmputer chips and a battery inside. A free app, which Gitanjali designed under ____7____ frm her cmputer science teacher, sends the data t a linked phne thrugh a(n)____8____ device.
The prcess f designing her prject wasn’t always ____9____ , thugh. Kathleen Shafer, a scientist paired with Gitanjali as her teacher in summer, _____10_____ alng the way. In the award ceremny, Gitanjali als _____11_____ her success t her parents’ cnstant supprt and _____12_____ t try “crazy ideas”. Gitanjali received $25, 000 t further develp her prgram alng with the great _____13_____ f winning the cntest. Accrding t Shafer, wh _____14_____ Gitanjali, “she shws a lt f mtivatin t slve _____15_____ issues thrugh science”.
1．A．designedB．earnedC．fferedD．made
2．A．expsedB．imprvedC．definedD．inspired
3．A．ccurB．belngC．stickD．apply
4．A．simpleB．predictableC．reliableD．creative
5．A．initiallyB．immediatelyC．temprarilyD．eventually
6．A．managedB．prmisedC．pretendedD．happened
7．A．bservatinB．cmmandC．instructinD．cntrl
8．A．sustainableB．permanentC．blankD．attached
9．A．ptinalB．smthC．cntinuusD．cmplete
10．A．seizedB．riskedC．helpedD．fllwed
11．A．stressesB．wesC．impressesD．guarantees
12．A．encuragementB．requestC．struggleD．pressure
13．A．frtuneB．intentinC．hnrD．ptential
14．A．keeps up withB．gets alng withC．takes care fD．speaks highly f
15．A．cmmercialB．practicalC．symblicD．dynamic
（2023春·上海·高二上海市七宝中学校考开学考试）The dream f the flying car culd cme dwn t earth sn as several star-ups like Chinese EHANG and Uber are develping s-called “passenger drnes” self—flying drnes big enugh t ferry individual cmmuters arund twn—which culd ___16___ cmmute times frm hurs t minutes.
At first glance, human-carrying drnes sund n mre ___17___ than flying cars. Until recently. inventrs had never been able t ___18___ autmbiles and aircraft in a practical way. Yet a few cmpanies have kept at it: Wburn, fr example, has since 2006 been develping Transitin, a “radable aircraft” that ___19___ a small airplane that can fld its wings and drive n rads. A persnal flying car in every garage has prved t be a(n) ___20___ sell, hwever, as there are serius safety cncerns abut asking the average cmmuter t train fr a pilt’s license and take t the skies.
Passenger drnes, ___21___, wuld perate autnmusly and leave the “radable” part behind in favr f larger versins f aircraft that already exist. Passenger drne designs favr distributed electric prpulsin (推进), meaning instead f ne large mtr pwered by a large engine they have multiple prpellers each pwered by its wn, smaller mtr. This ___22___ lifting pwer and flight perfrmance in exchange fr mechanical simplicity and lighter weight—factrs that culd make them cheaper t perate. Quieter electric pwer wuld make the nise ___23___ t city residents, althugh it remains t be seen hw much weight such a vehicle culd lift, and fr hw lng.
With any f these vehicles, safety is the biggest cncern and ___24___ t bth the aircraft and the autmated systems flying them. Advanced artificial intelligence is needed t fly large numbers f autnmus aircraft withut ____25____ them int ne anther r, say, the lcal news channel’s traffic helicpter. Carrying peple frm pints A t B seems simple enugh, but even the best AI struggles with ____26____ “What, fr example, wuld a drne d if a landing area suddenly became unavailable?” asks Sanjiv Singh, a Carnegie Melln University rbtics researcher. Instead f ____27____ t fully autmated passenger drnes, he suggests first testing the necessary AI in unmanned carg runs, and adpting a “mixed mde” apprach in early passenger services where pilts are assisted by AI c-pilts.
Technical challenges aside, start-ups (创业公司) prmting the technlgy will have t find a way t cnvince the public t give their drnes a try, smething that requires a much bigger leap f faith than getting int the ____28____f a self-driving car. Passenger drne makers are “bviusly still in the very early stages f technlgy develpment and imprving the ____29____ ,” says Mike Hirschberg, executive directr f the American Helicpter Sciety Internatinal. “But 20 r 30 years frm nw life may be a little like The Jetsns where yu take advantage f the third dimensin and have much mre ____30____ especially in urban clse quarters where grund transprtatin is jammed.”
The passenger drne prgress may fllw a slping takeff rather than vertical (垂直的) leap. Carnegie Melln’s Singh sees a lng rad ahead filled with lts f testing, analysis, regulatin and effrts t win the public’s trust befre the technlgy becmes a viable transprtatin ptin. “There is the danger f smene mving t fast and then having a prblem that sets the industry back fr sme time,” he says.
16．A．simplifyB．adjustC．estimateD．shrink
17．A．magicalB．realisticC．appealingD．wrthwhile
18．A．imitateB．designC．marryD．divide
19．A．resemblesB．utperfrmsC．challengesD．persnalizes
20．A．tughB．realC．evilD．huge
21．A．in additinB．fr exampleC．n the whleD．by cntrast
22．A．sacrificesB．strengthensC．balancesD．cntrls
23．A．immuneB．unknwnC．relevantD．tlerable
24．A．cntributesB．appealsC．extendsD．adapts
25．A．plungingB．crashingC．blwingD．splitting
26．A．encuntersB．lcatinsC．surprisesD．differences
27．A．leapingB．tendingC．pintingD．applying
28．A．disrderB．backseatC．dubtD．flw
29．A．basicsB．figuresC．slutinsD．effects
30．A．atmsphereB．cncentratinC．dependenceD．mbility
（2023秋·山西大同·高二统考期末）Making sense f the five ____31____ — sight, hearing, tuch, smell, and taste — remains a frefrnt field in science. T explre these prcesses, researchers ften try t ____32____ nature. In the 1950s, ____33____ , the late Crnell University psychlgist Frank Rsenblatt cpied the wiring and prcessing in a fly’s eye t build a device filled with a maze f wires and electrnics. Studies like this, nw pwered by advanced cmputatin, are creating a new field f study ____34____ intelligent sensing, which many scientists ____35____ at Zhejiang Lab in Hangzhu, China.
“Intelligent sensing is a new technlgy f cpying the sensing mde thrugh which humans ____36____ surrunding bjects and the envirnment,” says Xu Liu, dean f the Research Institute f Intelligent Sensing at Zhejiang Lab. “Human ____37____, hearing, smell, taste, and tuch all have their wn nerve netwrks, and they all cmpute in a particular way. It is nt nly the mechanical sensing prcess, but als a ____38____ f physical sensing, nerve infrmatin prcessing, and brain recgnitin that frms a human’s knwing, learning and understanding their ____39____”.
Advances in intelligent sensing rely _____40_____ n mre advanced sensrs, such as s-called smart sensrs _____41_____ frm a cnventinal digital sensr. “These kinds f sensrs will sn enter the market, but they can nly be _____42_____ as initial types f intelligent sensrs,” Liu says, because even smarter sensrs are _____43_____ develpment.
_____44_____ acknwledging the breakthrughs that have encuraged the develpment f existing sensrs, researchers can be _____45_____ that tmrrw’s sensrs will be much mre advanced.
31．A．feelingsB．rgansC．sensesD．emtins
32．A．balanceB．mdelC．enjyD．change
33．A．fr instanceB．such asC．by cntrastD．in reality
34．A．designedB．highlightedC．prgrammedD．called
35．A．prduceB．explreC．discverD．find
36．A．cntrlB．investigateC．affectD．perceive
37．A．visinB．cntactC．mvementD．knwledge
38．A．cmpetenceB．cmmunicatinC．cmparisnD．cmbinatin
39．A．structuresB．slutinsC．surrundingsD．statistics
40．A．heavilyB．widelyC．deeplyD．highly
41．A．supprtedB．recveredC．createdD．remved
42．A．plannedB．regardedC．tradedD．applied
43．A．fB．frC．inD．n
44．A．WhenB．WhileC．BecauseD．If
45．A．cnfidentB．dubtfulC．uncertainD．fearful
（2023·全国·高二专题练习）Fr as lng as there’ve been cars and planes, smene has been trying t cmbine the tw. This Italian ____46____ was built in the 1940s. The truble is, they’ve never been really ____47____, but nw things culd be abut t change. Andy Wall, Sales Directr, PAL-V said, “S, we had t stp ____48____, and we are nw at the very last stage f prcessing the regulatins within permissins fr flight with this ____49____. S…It’s getting s ____50____. “The PAL-V Liberty is made by a Dutch cmpany which is nearing the end f the lng prcess t get everything licensed and ____51____.
The questin is, wh is ging t buy ne? Well, they’ve already gt lts f ____52____. Marc van den Bsch, Chief Cmmercial Officer, PAL-V tld us, “This is the ____53____ way t becme a pilt. There’s always a small James Bnd seat in every heart f every guy and every girl, s that’s where we’re ____54____ t.”
It takes less than ten minutes t turn it frm a plane t a car. _____55_____, isn’t it? Yu culd _____56_____ it at any airfield and then drive hme. If yu want t _____57_____ ne f these, it’s ging t cst yu €300,000. It sunds _____58_____ but prbably it will be a new mtring and air travel revlutin if yu want t be at the frefrnt f what they’re prmising. Yu’ll need a private pilt’s _____59_____ in the UK, but yu can learn bth here in Cventry and in Oxfrd. There’ve been many false starts in bringing a flying car t market. Next year, they believe, is when yu may _____60_____ ne driving alng a street near yu.
46．A．tyB．mdelC．equipmentD．netwrk
47．A．prtableB．nativeC．attractiveD．practical
48．A．dreamingB．wrkingC．cheeringD．wandering
49．A．carB．vehicleC．planeD．diplma
50．A．interestingB．riskyC．clseD．enjyable
51．A．designedB．exchangeC．frbiddenD．apprved
52．A．giftsB．pprtunitiesC．rdersD．gds
53．A．fastestB．slwestC．funniestD．ldest
54．A．skatingB．remvingC．returningD．selling
55．A．DangerusB．AmazingC．UnbearableD．Grateful
56．A．findB．landC．rentD．arrange
57．A．purchaseB．witnessC．inventD．name
58．A．a littleB．reasnableC．a ltD．pssible
59．A．ticketB．theryC．invitatinD．license
60．A．imagineB．suggestC．seeD．appreciate
（2023·高二课时练习）Mdern inventins have speeded up peple’s lives amazingly. Mtr cars ____61____ a hundred miles in mre than an hur, aircraft crss the wrld within a day, while cmputers perate at lightning speed. Indeed, this lve f ____62____ seems never-ending. Every year mtr cars are prduced which g even faster and each new cmputer basts(吹嘘) f ____63____ precius secnds in handling tasks.
All these save time, but at a cst. When we lse r ____64____ half a day in speeding acrss the wrld in an airplane, ur bdies tell us s. We get the uncmfrtable feeling knwn as jet-lag(时差). Our bdies feel that they have been ____65____ behind in anther time zne. Again, spending t lng at ____66____ results in painful wrists(手腕) and fingers. Mbile phnes als have their dangers: t much use may transmit harmful ____67____ int ur brains.
Hwever, hw d we ____68____ the time we have saved? Certainly nt relax, r s it seems. We are s used t cnstant activity that we find it ____69____ t sit dwn and d nthing r even just ne thing at a ____70____ . Perhaps the days are lng gne when we might listen ____71____ t a stry n the radi, letting imaginatin take us int anther wrld.
There was a time when sme peple’s lives were devted simply t the cultivatin(耕作) f the ____72____ r the care f cattle. N multi-tasking there; their lives went n at a much gentler pace. There is much that we might envy abut a ____73____ f life like this. Yet befre we d s, we must think f the hard tasks ur ancestrs ____74____ . Mdern machines have ____75____ peple frm that primitive(原始的) existence.
61．A．explreB．getC．cverD．fly
62．A．speedB．timeC．prductD．distance
63．A．wastingB．lsingC．savingD．spending
64．A．earnB．drpC．missD．gain
65．A．leftB．cmeC．frgttenD．felt
66．A．shipsB．airplanesC．cmputersD．cars
67．A．preventinB．radiatinC．cmbinatinD．damage
68．A．cntrlB．handleC．dD．deal
69．A．uncmfrtableB．easyC．difficultD．gd
70．A．secndB．dayC．yearD．time
71．A．activelyB．quietlyC．quicklyD．curiusly
72．A．surfaceB．waterC．landD．island
73．A．wayB．viewC．pathwayD．pint
74．A．expressedB．chargedC．inspiredD．faced
75．A．freedB．remainedC．keptD．cleared
（2023春·广东深圳·高一深圳市高级中学校考期中）In many ways, Gitanjali Ra is an rdinary 11-year-ld, lively and chatty, yet her scientific spirit makes a huge difference. Last mnth, she ____76____ the tp prize at the Discvery Educatin 3M Yung Scicntist Challenge fr her inventin.
What ____77____ Gitanjali’s wrk was that her city faced a water emergency with t much lead in its water. ”The idea didn’t ____78____ t me until I saw my patents try t d water tests. The test strips may shw inaccurate results, which weren’t very ____79____.” She recalls. She then searched fr suitable materials with cntinued effrts and ____80____ fund that carbn nantube (纳米管) sensrs can be used t sense chemicals. Gitanjali ____81____ t build a small blue husing using the 3D printer at her schl with cmputer chips and a battery inside. A free app, which Gitanjali designed under ____82____ frm her cmputer science teacher, gives instant ____83____ and sends the data t a linked phne thrugh an attached device.
The prcess f designing her prject wasn’t always ____84____, thugh. Kathleen Shafer, a scientist paired with Gitanjali as her teacher in summer, _____85_____ alng the way. In the award ceremny, Gitanjali als _____86_____ her parents with cnstant supprt and _____87_____ t try “crazy ideas”. Gitanjali received $25, 000 t further develp her prgram alng with the great _____88_____ f winning the cntest. Accrding t Shafer, wh _____89_____ Gitanjali, “she shws a lt f mtivatin t slve _____90_____ issues thrugh science”.
76．A．earnedB．designedC．fferedD．made
77．A．expsedB．imprvedC．definedD．inspired
78．A．stickB．belngC．ccurD．apply
79．A．simpleB．reliableC．predictableD．creative
80．A．eventuallyB．immediatelyC．temprarilyD．initially
81．A．managedB．prmisedC．pretendedD．happened
82．A．bservatinB．cmmandC．instructinD．cntrl
83．A．accessB．resultsC．decisinsD．apprval
84．A．ptinalB．cmpleteC．cntinuusD．smth
85．A．changedB．helpedC．risked .D．fllwed
86．A．stressesB．creditsC．impressesD．prvides
87．A．encuragementB．requestC．struggleD．pressure
88．A．frtuneB．intentinC．hnrD．ptential
89．A．keeps withB．gets alng withC．takes care fD．speaks highly f
90．A．cmmercialB．academicC．practicalD．systematic
参考答案：
1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．D 6．A 7．C 8．D 9．B 10．C 11．B 12．A 13．C 14．D 15．B
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了Gitanjali获得探索教育3M青年科学家挑战赛最高奖一事。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：上个月，她的发明获得了探索教育3M青年科学家挑战赛的最高奖。A. designed设计；B. earned挣得、赢得；C. ffered提供；D. made制作。根据“the tp prize at the Discvery Educatin 3M Yung Scientist Challenge”可知，此处指获奖，eared符合语境。故选B项。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：启发Gitanjali工作的是，她的城市面临着水中铅含量过高的紧急情况。A. expsed暴露；B. imprved提升；C. defined定义；D. inspired鼓舞、激励、启发。根据“What ____2____ Gitanjali’s wrk was that her city faced a water emergency with t much lead (铅) in its water.”可知，她的城市面临着水中铅含量过高的问题，这是她的发明的灵感来源，此处应是“启发”，inspired符合语境。故选D项。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：直到我看到父母试着做水测试，我才有了这个想法。A. ccur出现、发生；B. belng属于；C. stick刺、坚持；D. apply申请、应用。根据“The idea didn’t ____3____ t me until I saw my parents try t d water tests.”可知，直到父母试着做水测试才有了这个想法，ccur t sb为固定搭配，表示“某人突然想到”。故选A项。
4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：试纸可能会显示不准确的结果，这不是很可靠。A. simple简单的；B. predictable可预测的；C. reliable可靠的；D. creative创新的、有创造力的。根据前面的“inaccurate results”可知，不准确的结果说明不可靠，reliable符合语境。故选C项。
5．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后，她不断努力寻找合适的材料，最终发现碳纳米管传感器可以用来感知化学物质。A. initially开始、起初；B. immediately立即、马上；C. temprarily临时地、暂时地；D. eventually最终、最后。根据“She then searched fr suitable materials with cntinued effrts”可知，她不断努力寻找合适材料，最后发现了碳纳米管传稿器，eventually符合语境。故选D项。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Gitanjali在学校用3d打印机建造了一个蓝色的小房子，里面有电脑芯片和电池。A. managed管理、设法做成；B. prmised承诺；C. pretended假装；D. happened发生、碰巧。根据“Gitanjali ____6____ t build a small blue husing using the 3-D printer at her schl with cmputer chips and a battery inside.”可知，应该是“设法”在学校建造了一个蓝色的小房子，manage t d为固定短语，表示“设法做成某事”。故选A项。
7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Gitanjali在她的计算机科学老师的指导下设计了一个免费的应用程序，通过一个附加设备将数据发送到一个连接的手机上。A. bservatin观察；B. cmmand命令；C. instructin指示、指导；D. cntrl控制。根据“which Gitanjali designed under ____7____ frm her cmputer science teacher”可知，应该是在老师的“指导下”，instructin符合语境。故选C项。
8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Gitanjali在她的计算机科学老师的指导下设计了一个免费的应用程序，通过一个附加设备将数据发送到一个连接的手机上。A. sustainable可持续的；B. permanent永久的；C. blank空白的；D. attached附属的。根据“sends the data t a linked phne”可知，应该是通过一个“附加”设备发送数据，attached符合语境。故选D项。
9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不过，设计项目的过程并不总是一帆风顺。A. ptinal可选择的、选修的；B. smth平坦的、流畅的；C. cntinuus连续的；D. cmplete完全的、完整的。根据“The prcess f designing her prject wasn’t always ____9____ , thugh.”可知，此处与上文存在转折关系，应指过程并非总是很顺利，smth符合语境。故选B项。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：科学家Kathleen Shafer是Gitanjali暑期的搭档老师，她一直在帮助她。A. seized抓住；B. risked冒险；C. helped帮助；D. fllwed跟随。根据“as her teacher”可知，既然是搭档老师，应该是“帮助”她，helped符合语境。故选C项。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在颁奖典礼上，Gitanjali还将自己的成功归功于父母不断的支持和鼓励，让她尝试“疯狂的想法”。A. stresses强调；B. wes亏欠、归功于；C. impresses使印象深刻；D. guarantees保证。根据“Gitanjali als ____11____ her success t her parents’ cnstant supprt and ____12____ t try “crazy ideas”可知，应该是将她的成功“归因于”父母的支持和鼓励，we t为固定短语，表示“归功于”。故选B项。
12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在颁奖典礼上，Gitanjali还将自己的成功归功于父母不断的支持和鼓励，让她尝试“疯狂的想法”。A. encuragement鼓励；B. request要求、请求；C. struggle奋斗、斗争；D. pressure压力。根据“her parents’ cnstant supprt and ____12____ t try “crazy ideas”可知，应该是父母的支持和鼓励，encuragement符合语境。故选A项。
13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Gitanjali获得了25,000美元，用于进一步发展她的项目，并获得了赢得比赛的巨大荣誉。A. frtune命运、财富；B. intentin意图、打算；C. hnr荣誉；D. ptential潜力。根据“Gitanjali received $25, 000 t further develp her prgram alng with the great ____13____ f winning the cntest.”可知，应该是赢得比赛的“荣誉”，hnr符合语境。故选C项。
14．考查动词短语辨析。句意：Shafer高度评价了Gitanjali，他说：“她表现出了通过科学解决实际问题的极大动力。”A. keeps up with赶上、保持联系；B. gets alng with与……和睦相处；C. takes care f照顾、看护；D. speaks highly f高度赞扬。根据后面的话“she shws a lt f mtivatin t slve ____15____ issues thrugh science”可知，Shafer对Gitanjali的评价很高，speaks highly f表示“高度赞扬”。故选D项。
15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Shafer高度评价了Gitanjali，他说：“她表现出了通过科学解决实际问题的极大动力。”A. cmmercial商业的；B. practical实际的；C. symblic有象征意义的；D. dynamic充满活力的、精力充沛的。根据“she shws a lt f mtivatin t slve ____15____ issues thrugh science”和上文内容可知，Gitanjali研究的东西用于解决水中铅含量过高的问题，这属于“实际问题”，practical符合语境。故选B项。
16．D 17．B 18．C 19．A 20．A 21．D 22．A 23．D 24．C 25．B 26．C 27．A 28．B 29．A 30．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一种类似于“会飞的汽车”的新思路——载人无人机，详细阐述了其面临的各种技术难题，指出这种技术的实现还要走很长的路。
16．考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着中国EHANG和优步（Uber）等几家初创企业正在研发所谓的“无人驾驶飞机”，飞行汽车的梦想可能很快就会成真。无人驾驶飞机的尺寸足够大，可以在市内运送乘客，从而将通勤时间从数小时缩短到几分钟。A. simplify简化；B. adjust调整，校对；C. estimate估计；D. shrink缩小。根据“frm hurs t minutes. ”可知，此处是指缩短时间。故选D。
17．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：乍一看，载人无人机听起来并不比飞行汽车更现实。A. magical有魔力的；B. realistic现实的；C. appealing有吸引力的；D. wrthwhile值得的。根据下文“Until recently, inventrs had never been able t 3 autmbiles and aircraft in a practical way.”可知，载人无人机听起来不太现实。故选B。
18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：直到最近，发明家们还无法以实际的方式将汽车和飞机结合起来。A. imitate模仿；B. design设计；C. marry嫁，娶，使……结合；D. divide分开。根据上文“human-carrying drnes”可知，载人无人机是把汽车和飞机结合起来。故选C。
19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，一些公司一直在坚持这一点：例如，沃伯恩自2006年以来一直在开发Transitin，一种类似于小型飞机的“可行驶飞机”，可以折叠机翼并在公路上行驶。A. resembles像；B. utperfrms胜过，做得比……好；C. challenges挑战；D. persnalizes个性化。根据“radable aircraft”推知，这种设备像小型飞机。故选A。
20．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，事实证明，在每个车库里都有一辆私人飞行汽车是一项艰难的销售，因为要求普通通勤者训练驾驶执照并驾驶飞机上天，存在严重的安全问题。A. tugh艰难的，棘手的；B. real真的；C. evil邪恶的；D. huge巨大的。根据下文“as there are serius safety cncerns abut asking the average cmmuter t train fr a pilt’s license and take t the skies. ”可知，要让每家人的车库里都有一辆私人飞机是很艰难的销售。故选A。
21．考查介词短语辨析。句意：相比之下，客运无人机将自动运行，并将“可行驶”的部分抛在后面，取而代之的是现有的更大版本的飞机。A. in additin此外；B. fr example例如；C. n the whle总的来看，大体上；D. by cntrast相较而言。结合上文可知，此处是把passenger drne和persnal flying car作对比。故选D。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这牺牲了升力和飞行性能，以换取机械简单性和更轻的重量因素，从而降低了操作成本。A. sacrifices牺牲；B. strengthens加强；C. balances使……平衡；D. cntrls控制。根据上文“Passenger drne designs favr “distributed electric prpulsin(推进),” meaning instead f ne large rtr pwered by a large engine they have multiple prpellers each pwered by its wn, smaller mtr.”可知，这种设计减轻了飞机本身的重量，因此是用牺牲升力和飞行能力来换取取机械简单性和更轻的重量。故选A。
23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：更安静的电力将使城市居民可以忍受噪音，但这种车辆能承受多大的重量，以及能承受多长时间，还有待观察。A. immune免疫的；B. unknwn不为人知的；C. relevant相关的；D. tlerable可容忍的。根据“Quieter electric pwer”可知，更安静的电力使噪音变得可以忍受。故选D。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于任何这些车辆，安全是最大的问题，并延伸到飞机和驾驶它们的自动化系统。A. cntributes贡献；B. appeals吸引，上诉，呼吁；C. extends延伸，伸出；D. adapts适应，改编。结合语境可知，此处是指安全问题还延伸到飞机和它的自动化系统。故选C。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：需要先进的人工智能来驾驶大量的自动驾驶飞机，而不会撞到其他飞机，比如当地新闻频道的交通直升机。A. plunging用力插入；B. crashing碰撞，发出巨响；C. blwing吹；D. splitting使……分裂，撕裂。根据上文“With any f these vehicles, safety is the biggest cncern”可知，本段讨论的是安全问题，因此此处是指自动驾驶飞机不能撞到其他飞机。故选B。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：把人从A点带到B点似乎很简单，但即使是最好的人工智能也会遇到意外：例如，如果着陆区突然变得不可用，无人机会做什么？卡耐基梅隆大学机器人研究员桑吉夫·辛格问道。A. encunters偶遇；B. lcatins位置；C. surprises惊喜，意外的情况；D. differences区分，不同。根据“What, fr example, wuld a drne d if a landing area suddenly became unavailable?”可知，此处是指万一遇到意外情况，无人机会采取什么措施。故选C。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他建议首先在无人货运中测试必要的人工智能，并在早期客运服务中采用“混合模式”方法，由人工智能副驾驶员协助驾驶员，而不是跳到全自动客运无人机。A. leaping跳跃；B. tending照料，倾向于；C. pinting指；D. applying申请，应用，涂抹。根据“he suggests first testing the necessary AI in unmanned carg(货物)runs, and adpting a “mixed mde” apprach in early passenger services where pilts are assisted by AI c-pilts.”可知，此处是指一开始不能完全跳入全自动客运无人机这种运载方式，而是要循序渐进。且下文“rather than vertical (垂直的) leap. ”也是提示。故选A。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：撇开技术挑战不谈，推广这项技术的初创企业必须找到一种方法来说服公众让他们的无人机试试，这需要比坐上自动驾驶汽车后座更大的信心。A. disrder紊乱；B. backseat后座；C. dubt怀疑；D. flw流。根据“getting int”和“a self-driving car”可知，此处是指坐上无人驾驶汽车（的后座）。故选B。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：美国国际直升机协会执行董事迈克·赫希伯格表示，无人驾驶飞机制造商“显然仍处于技术开发和基础设施改进的孵化阶段”。A. basics基本原理，基本原则；B. figures数字，人物；C. slutins解决方案；D. effects影响，效果。根据“in the incubatin (孵化) stages f technlgy develpment”可知，此处是指无人驾驶飞机制造商仍然出于技术开发和改进基础的阶段。故选A。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但二三十年后的生活可能会有点像《杰森一家》，你可以利用三维空间，有更多的流动性，尤其是在地面交通拥堵的城市近距离区域。A. atmsphere氛围，大气；B. cncentratin专注，集中；C. dependence依赖；D. mbility移动性，流动性。根据“yu take advantage f the third dimensin”可知，此处是指有了更多的流动性。故选D。
31．C 32．B 33．A 34．D 35．B 36．D 37．A 38．D 39．C 40．A 41．C 42．B 43．C 44．B 45．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了浙江实验室的科学家们正在开发的先进的传感器以及智能传感技术。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：理解视觉、听觉、触觉、嗅觉和味觉这五种感官仍然是科学的前沿领域。A. feelings感觉，触觉；B. rgans器官；C. senses感官，感觉官能；D. emtins情绪。根据空后的“sight, hearing, tuch, smell, and taste”可知此处指视觉、听觉、触觉、嗅觉和味觉这五种感官。故选C。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了探索这些过程，研究人员经常尝试模拟自然。A. balance保持平衡，权衡；B. mdel复制，模仿；C. enjy享受；D. change改变。由下文“the late Crnell University psychlgist Frank Rsenblatt cpied the wiring and prcessing in a fly’s eye t build a device filled with a maze f wires and electrnics”可知句中指研究人员模拟大自然。故选B。
33．考查短语辨析。句意：例如，20世纪50年代，康奈尔大学已故心理学家Frank Rsenblatt模仿苍蝇眼睛中的布线和处理过程，制造了一个充满迷宫般的电线和电子器件的设备，称为感知器。A. fr instance例如；B. such as比如；C. by cntrast相比之下；D. in reality事实上。句意分析可知，此句是举例说明上文所阐述的内容“T explre these prcesses, researchers ften try t ____2____ nature.”，空后是一个完整的句子，fr instance符合句意。故选A。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：像这样的研究，现在由先进的计算提供动力，正在创造一个名为智能传感的新研究领域，在中国杭州的之江实验室有许多科学家在探索这个领域。A. designed设计；B. highlighted突出，强调；C. prgrammed编写程序，设置；D. called 给……取名，把……唤作。由下文“ intelligent sensing”可知这个新的研究领域被称为智能传感。故选D。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：像这样的研究，现在由先进的计算提供动力，正在创造一个名为智能传感的新研究领域，在中国杭州的浙江实验室有许多科学家在探索这个领域。A. prduce生产，制造；B. explre探究，探索；C. discver发现；D. find找到，发现。由句中“are creating a new field f study __4__ intelligent sensing”可知，智能传感是一个新的研究领域，需要探索。故选B。
36．考查动词词义辨析。句意：浙江实验室智能传感研究所所长刘旭说：“智能传感是一种模仿人类感知周围物体和环境的感知模式的新技术。”A. cntrl控制，掌管；B. investigate调查；C. affect影响；D. perceive感知，认为。由句中“a new technlgy f cpying the sensing mde”可知，智能传感是一种模仿人类感知周围物体和环境的感知模式的新技术。故选D。
37．考查名词词义辨析。句意：人类的视觉、听觉、嗅觉、味觉和触觉都有自己的神经网络，它们都以特定的方式计算。A. visin视觉；B. cntact联系，接触；C. mvement移动；D. knwledge知识。由第一段中“Making sense f the five ____1____ — sight, hearing, tuch, smell, and taste — remains a frefrnt field in science.”可知，此处指人类视觉。故选A。
38．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它不仅是机械的感知过程，而且是物理感知、神经信息处理和大脑识别的结合，形成了人类对周围环境的认知、学习和理解。A. cmpetence能力；B. cmmunicatin交流，通讯；C. cmparisn比较；D. cmbinatin结合体，结合。根据上文“Intelligent sensing is a new technlgy f cpying the sensing mde thrugh which humans ____6____ surrunding bjects and the envirnment”以及空后的“that frms a human’s knwing, learning and understanding their ____9____”可知，此处指物理感知、神经信息处理和大脑识别的结合。故选D。
39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它不仅是机械的感知过程，而且是物理感知、神经信息处理和大脑识别的结合，形成了人类对周围环境的认知、学习和理解。A. structures结构；B. slutins解决方案；C. surrundings周围环境，周围事物；D. statistics统计数字。根据上文“Intelligent sensing is a new technlgy f cpying the sensing mde thrugh which humans ____6____ surrunding bjects and the envirnment,”可知此处指形成对周围环境的认知、学习和理解。故选C。
40．考查副词词义辨析。句意：智能传感的进步在很大程度上依赖于更先进的传感器，例如由传统数字传感器创建的所谓智能传感器。A. heavily在很大程度上，大量地；B. widely普遍地，广泛地；C. deeply非常，深刻地；D. highly非常，高度地。根据句中“such as s-called smart sensrs ____11____ frm a cnventinal digital sensr”以及下文“‘These kinds f sensrs will sn enter the market, but they can nly be ____12____ as initial types f intelligent sensrs,’ Liu says, because even smarter sensrs are ___13___ develpment.”可知，智能传感的进步在很大程度上依赖于更先进的传感器。故选A。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：智能传感的进步在很大程度上依赖于更先进的传感器，例如由传统数字传感器创建的所谓智能传感器。A. supprted支持；B. recvered恢复，重新获得；C. created创造，建立；D. remved移开，去除。根据句意以及上文“Advances in intelligent sensing rely ___10___ n mre advanced sensrs”可知所谓的智能传感器是在传统的数字传感器基础上发明的。故选C。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“这些类型的传感器将很快进入市场，但它们只能被视为智能传感器的初始类型，”刘说，因为更智能的传感器还在开发中。A. planned计划，打算；B. regarded将……认为，把……视为；C. traded做买卖，互相交换；D. applied申请，使用。由“because even smarter sensrs are ____13____ develpment”可知很快进入市场的这些传感器只能被看作是智能传感器的初始类型，be regarded as“被看作，被视为”符合句意。故选B。
43．考查介词词义辨析。句意：“这些类型的传感器将很快进入市场，但它们只能被视为智能传感器的初始类型，”刘说，因为更智能的传感器还在开发中。A. f属于；B. fr（表示对象、用途等）给，为了；C. in在……内，在……中；D. n在……之上，关于。由句中“These kinds f sensrs will sn enter the market, but they can nly be ___12___ as initial types f intelligent sensrs”以及下文“researchers can be ___15___ that tmrrw’s sensrs will be much mre advanced”可知更智能的传感器还在开发中，短语in develpment“在开发中”符合句意。故选C。
44．考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然研究人员承认这些突破刺激了现有传感器的发展，但他们可以相信，未来的传感器将更加先进。A. When在……时候；B. While虽然，尽管，在……期间，当……的时候；C. Because因为；D. If如果，假若，是否。由句意可知句中上下句之间表示转折，while引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然、尽管”，符合句意。故选B。
45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然研究人员承认这些突破刺激了现有传感器的发展，但他们可以相信，未来的传感器将更加先进。A. cnfident确信的，有把握的，自信的；B. dubtful不确定，怀疑的；C. uncertain迟疑的，没有把握的；D. fearful可怕的，担心的。根据上文“because even smarter sensrs are ___13___ develpment”以及空后的“that tmrrw’s sensrs will be much mre advanced”可知研究人员可以确信未来的传感器将更加先进。故选A。
46．B 47．D 48．A 49．B 50．C 51．D 52．C 53．A 54．D 55．B 56．B 57．A 58．C 59．D 60．C
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章提到飞行汽车一直以来是人们憧憬的梦想，近期由荷兰公司制造的PAL-V Liberty 飞行汽车已经进入了办理相关飞行许可的最后阶段，并有望于不远的将来上路行驶。
46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个意大利车型建于20世纪40年代。A. ty玩具；B. mdel模型；C. equipment设备；D. netwrk网络；根据上文“Fr as lng as there’ve been cars and planes, smene has been trying t cmbine the tw(自从有了汽车和飞机，就有人试图将两者合二为一)”以及下文“was built in the 1940s(建于20世纪40年代)”可知20世纪40年代建造的只是一个飞行汽车模型，故选B 项。
47．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但问题是，之前的 “飞车” 都不实用，现在情况可能即将改变。A. prtable便捷的；B. native本国的；C. attractive吸引人的；D. practical实用的；根据下文“but nw things culd be abut t change(但是现在情况可能即将改变)”可知之前的尝试都是不实用的，故选D 项。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们不要再只是憧憬，所以我们现在已经进入办理相关飞行许可的最后阶段。A. dreaming梦想；憧憬；B. wrking工作；C. cheering欢呼；D. wandering漫步；根据下文“we are nw at the very last stage f prcessing the regulatins within permissins fr flight with this vehicle(我们现在已经进入办理这种交通工具相关飞行许可的最后阶段)”可知飞车已经几乎成为了现实，不再只是憧憬中的东西，故选A 项。
49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. car小汽车；B. vehicle交通工具；C. plane飞机；D. diplma文凭；根据文章首句“Fr as lng as there've been cars and planes, smene has been trying t cmbine the tw(自从有了汽车和飞机，就有人试图将两者合二为一)”可知这是一种将飞机和汽车的功能合二为一的交通工具，故选B 项。
50．考查形容词词义辨析，句意：梦想成真近在咫尺。A. interesting有趣的；B. risky有风险的；C. clse靠近的；D. enjyable愉快的；根据上文“we are nw at the very last stage f prcessing the regulatins within permissins fr flight with this vehicle(我们现在已经进入办理这种交通工具相关飞行许可的最后阶段)”可知制造飞车的梦想距离成为现实已经很近了，故选C 项。
51．考查非谓语动词词义辨析。句意：PAL-V Liberty 由一家荷兰公司制造，经过长期努力，这家公司即将得到全部许可及批准。A. designed设计；B. exchange交换；C. frbidden禁用；D. apprved批准；根据上文“The PAL-V Liberty is made by a Dutch cmpany which is nearing the end f the lng prcess t get everything licensed(PAL-V Liberty 由一家荷兰公司制造，经过长期努力，这家公司即将得到全部许可)”以及并列连词and 可知应填入与表达“许可”含义相近的词，故选D 项。
52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：殊不知这家公司其实已经接到了很多订单。A. gifts礼物；B. pprtunities机会；C. rders订单；D. gds货物；根据上文“The questin is, wh is ging t buy ne?(问题是，谁会买这种飞行汽车？)”可知此处在讨论飞行汽车的购买订单问题，故选C 项。
53．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是成为飞行员最快的方法。A. fastest最快的；B. slwest最慢的；C. funniest最滑稽的；D. ldest最老的；根据下文“There’s always a small James Bnd seat in every heart f every guy and every girl(在每个人心中，不论男女，都多少有点想要像詹姆斯·邦德在电影里那样炫酷)”可知有意愿购买飞行汽车的人很多，这些人购买飞行汽车是成为飞行员最快的方法，故选A 项。
54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在每个人心中，不论男女，都多少有点想要像詹姆斯·邦德在电影里那样炫酷，这就是我们销售的目标客户群体。A. skating滑冰；B. remving移动；C. returning返回；D. selling销售；根据上文“There’s always a small James Bnd seat in every heart f every guy and every girl(在每个人心中，不论男女，都多少有点想要像詹姆斯·邦德在电影里那样炫酷)”可知有意愿购买飞车的目标客户群体很大，可以销售飞车给他们，故选D 项。
55．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：令人惊异，是吗。A. Dangerus危险的；B. Amazing令人惊异的；C. Unbearable无法容忍的；D. Grateful感激的；根据上文“It takes less than ten minutes t turn it frm a plane t a car.(飞机变身汽车，只需不到十分钟)”可知飞车的功能很强大，令人惊异，故选B 项。
56．考查动词词义辨析。句意：你可以降落在任何机场，然后开车回家。A. find发现；B. land降落；C. rent出租；D. arrange安排；根据下文“and then drive hme(然后开车回家)”可知开飞车回家需要先在机场降落变成汽车，然后开车回家，故选B 项。
57．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你想买一辆飞行汽车，需要花30万欧元。A. purchase购买；B. witness目击；见证；C. invent发明；D. name命名；根据下文“it’s ging t cst yu €300, 000.(需要花30万欧元)”可知本句表达的含义是要购买飞车，故选A 项。
58．考查形容词词义及短语辨析。句意：这听起来很多，但如果你想走在他们所承诺的最前沿，这可能会是一场新的汽车和航空旅行革命。A. a little一点点；B. reasnable合理的；C. a lt多；D. pssible可能的；根据上文“it’s ging t cst yu €300, 000(需要花30万欧元)”可知飞车价格昂贵，花钱比较多，故选C 项。
59．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在英国开飞行汽车，你需要私人飞行员执照，可以在Cventry和 Oxfrd学习学习考执照。A. ticket票；B. thery原理；C. invitatin邀请；D. license执照； 根据下文“yu can learn bth here in Cventry and in Oxfrd(你可以在Cventry和 Oxfrd学习)”可知开飞行汽车可以在这两个学校学习并考取执照，故选D 项。
60．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们认为，明年你可能会看到一辆 “飞车” 在你家附近的街边驶过。A. imagine想象；B. suggest建议；C. see看见；D. appreciate鉴赏；根据下文“driving alng a street near yu(在你家附近的街边驶过)”可知明年能看见飞车在路上行驶，故选C 项。
61．C 62．A 63．C 64．D 65．A 66．C 67．B 68．B 69．C 70．D 71．B 72．C 73．A 74．D 75．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了速度改变对生活的影响。人们对速度的追求使科技不断创新，但科技发展节约下来的时间并没有被用来进行放松。
61．考查动词词义辨析。句意：汽车在一个多小时内行驶100英里，飞机在一天内飞越世界，而计算机以闪电般的速度运行。A. explre探索；B. get得到；C. cver行走（一段距离）；D. fly飞行。根据空后的“a hundred miles”可知，此处指汽车“行驶100英里”，故选C项。
62．考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，这种对速度的热爱似乎是永无止境的。A. speed速度；B. time时间；C. prduct产品；D. distance距离。根据上文“Mdern inventins have speeded up peple’s lives amazingly.(现代发明惊人地加快了人们的生活速度)”可知，此处指对速度的热爱，故选A项。
63．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每年都生产出速度更快的汽车，每台新电脑都号称能节省处理任务的宝贵时间。A. wasting浪费；B. lsing丢失；C. saving节省；D. spending花费。根据“Every year mtr cars are prduced which g even faster”及下文“All this saves time(这一切都节省了时间)”可知，此处意思是每年都会生产出速度更快的汽车，吹嘘每台新电脑在处理任务时都能节省宝贵的时间。故选C项。
64．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们乘坐飞机在世界各地快速飞行时少了或多了半天时间，我们的身体会告诉我们这一点。A. earn赚得；B. drp投，丢；C. miss思念，错过；D. gain获得。此处和“lse”是选择关系，表示“失去或者获得”，故选D项。
65．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的身体感觉他们被留在了另一个时区。A. left留；B. cme来；C. frgtten忘记；D. felt感觉。根据上文“We get the uncmfrtable feeling knwn as jet-lag (时差).”可知，我们因为时差而感到不舒服，身体感觉被留在了另一个时区。故选A项。
66．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同样，在电脑前花太长时间会导致手腕和手指疼痛。A. ships轮船；B. airplanes飞机；C. cmputers电脑；D. cars汽车。根据“results in painful wrists(手腕) and fingers”以及下文“Mbile phnes als have their dangers(手机也有它们的危险)”可推知，此处是描述电子产品的危害，指长时间使用电脑会导致手腕和手指疼痛。故选C项。
67．考查名词词义辨析。句意：手机也有它们的危险：过度使用可能会把有害的辐射传输到我们的大脑。A. preventin阻止；B. radiatin辐射；C. cmbinatin结合；D. damage损害。此处是讲手机的危害，应是指“辐射”。故选B项。
68．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们如何处理节省下来的时间呢？A. cntrl控制；B. handle处理，应付；C. d做；D. deal处理，应付。根据下一句“Certainly nt relax, r s it seems.(当然不会放松，至少看起来是这样)”可知，此处指如何处理节省下来的时间，deal意为“处理”时常和with连用，故选B项。
69．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们习惯了不断的活动，以至于我们发现坐下来什么都不做，甚至一次只做一件事都很难。A. uncmfrtable不舒服的；B. easy容易的；C. difficult困难的；D. gd好的。根据“We are s used t cnstant activity”可知，我们习惯了忙碌，无所事事地坐着对我们来说很难。故选C项。
70．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们习惯了不断的活动，以至于我们发现坐下来什么都不做，甚至一次只做一件事都很难。A. secnd秒；B. day天；C. year年；D. time时间。at a time一次，每次，固定短语，此处指“一次只做一件事很难”。故选D项。
71．考查副词词义辨析。句意：也许我们静静地听收音机里的故事，让想象力带我们进入另一个世界的日子已经一去不复返了。A. actively积极地；B. quietly安静地；C. quickly快速地；D. curiusly好奇地。根据“letting imaginatin take us int anther wrld”可推知，此处指安安静静地听收音机里的故事，让想象力带我们进入另一个世界。故选B项。
72．考查名词词义辨析。句意：曾几何时，有些人的生命仅仅专注于耕种土地或饲养牲畜。A. surface表面；B. water水；C. land土地；D. island岛。根据空前的“the cultivatin (耕作) f”可知，此处指“耕地”。故选C项。
73．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这样的生活方式有许多值得我们羡慕的地方。A. way方式；B. view观点；C. pathway路，途径；D. pint观点。根据上文“N multi-tasking there; their lives went n at a much gentler pace.(没有多任务；他们的生活以一种温和得多的节奏继续着)”可知，此处指上文提到的那种生活方式。故选A项。
74．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但在我们这样做之前，我们必须想到我们的祖先所面临的艰难任务。A. expressed表达；B. charged指控；C. inspired鼓舞；D. faced面对。通过上文“the hard tasks”可推知，此处意为我们的祖先面对的艰巨任务。故选D项。
75．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现代机器把人们从原始的生活中解放出来。A. freed释放，使解脱出来；B. remained保持不变；C. kept保持；D. cleared清除，清理。结合全文，再通过下文“frm that primitive existence”可推知，现代机器把人们从那种原始的生活中解放出来了。故选A项。
76．A 77．D 78．C 79．B 80．A 81．A 82．C 83．B 84．D 85．B 86．B 87．A 88．C 89．D 90．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了11岁的Gitanjali是一个普通的女孩，她的科学精神产生了巨大的影响。她因其发明在探索教育3M青年科学家挑战赛中获得了最高奖项。
76．考查动词词义辨析。句意：上个月，她凭借自己的发明在探索教育3M青年科学家挑战赛中获得了最高奖项。A. earned赢得；B. designed设计；C. ffered提供；D. made制作。由上文“In many ways, Gitanjali Ra is an rdinary 11-year-ld, lively and chatty, yet her scientific spirit makes a huge difference.”和下文“the tp prize at the Discvery Educatin 3M Yung Scicntist Challenge fr her inventin.”可知，她在探索教育3M青年科学家挑战赛中赢得了最高奖项，故选A。
77．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Gitanjali的工作之所以受到启发，是因为她的城市面临着水资源紧急情况，水中铅含量过高。A. expsed暴露；B. imprved提高；C. defined下定义；D. inspired鼓舞；启发。由下文“her city faced a water emergency with t much lead in its water.”可知，Gitanjali的城市面临着水资源紧急情况，水中铅含量过高，这启发了她，故选D。
78．考查动词词义辨析。句意：直到我看到我的专利试图在做水测试，我才想到这个主意。A. stick粘；B. belng属于；C. ccur发生；（想法）产生；D. apply应用。由上文“The idea didn’ ”和下文“t me”可知，她想到了这个主意，sth. ccur t sb.意为“某人突然想起某事”，故选C。
79．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些试纸可能会显示不准确的结果，这些结果并不十分可靠。A. simple简单的；B. reliable可靠的；C. predictable可预测的；D. creative有创造力的。由上文“The test strips may shw inaccurate results”可知，这些试纸可能会显示不准确的结果，所以这些结果并不十分可靠，故选B。
80．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后，她继续努力寻找合适的材料，最终发现碳纳米管传感器可以用来感知化学物质。A. eventually最后；B. immediately马上；C. temprarily暂时地；D. initially最初。由上文“She then searched fr suitable materials with cntinued effrts”和下文“fund that carbn nantube (纳米管) sensrs can be used t sense chemicals.”可知，此处按先后顺序描述她的一些工作，她继续努力寻找合适的材料，最终发现碳纳米管传感器可以用来感知化学物质，故选A。
81．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Gitanjali设法用她学校的3D打印机建造了一个蓝色的小房子，里面装有电脑芯片和电池。A. managed管理；设法做到；B. prmised承诺；C. pretended假装；D. happened发生。由下文“t build a small blue husing using the 3D printer at her schl with cmputer chips and a battery inside.”可知，她设法用她学校的3D打印机建造了一个蓝色的小房子，manage t d固定搭配，意为“设法做到”，故选A。
82．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Gitanjali在她的计算机科学老师的指导下设计了一个免费的应用程序，它可以给出即时的结果，并通过一个附加设备将数据发送到一个链接的手机上。A. bservatin观察；B. cmmand命令；C. instructin指导；D. cntrl控制。由下文“frm her cmputer science teacher,”可知，此处指在计算机科学老师的指导下，故选C。
83．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Gitanjali在她的计算机科学老师的指导下设计了一个免费的应用程序，它可以给出即时的结果，并通过一个附加设备将数据发送到一个链接的手机上。A. access入口；B. results结果；C. decisins决定；D. apprval赞成。由下文“sends the data t a linked phne thrugh an attached device.”可知，应用程序可以给出即时的结果，并通过一个附加设备将数据发送到一个链接的手机上，故选B。
84．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，设计她的项目的过程并不总是一帆风顺。A. ptinal可选择的；B. cmplete完全的；C. cntinuus持续的；D. smth顺利的。由下文“thugh”和常识以及下文“Kathleen Shafer, a scientist paired with Gitanjali as her teacher in summer,___10___alng the way.”可知，此处表示她设计她的项目的过程并不总是一帆风顺，故选D。
85．考查动词词义辨析。句意：科学家Kathleen Shafer在夏天与Gitanjali搭档，并担任她的老师，一路上帮助了她。A. changed改变；B. helped帮助；C. risked冒险；D. fllwed跟随。由上文“Kathleen Shafer, a scientist paired with Gitanjali as her teacher”可知，科学家Kathleen Shafer作为Gitanjali的老师帮助她，故选B。
86．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在颁奖仪式上，Gitanjali还将自己的成功归功于她父母的不断支持和鼓励她尝试“疯狂的想法”。A. stresses强调；B. credits信任；给予承认；认为是……的功劳；C. impresses给……留下印象；D. prvides提供。由下文“her parents with cnstant supprt”可知，Gitanjali将自己的成功归功于父母不断的支持，credit sb. with sth.固定搭配，意为“把……归功于某人”，故选B。
87．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在颁奖仪式上，Gitanjali还将自己的成功归功于她的父母不断的支持和鼓励她尝试“疯狂的想法”。A. encuragement鼓励；B. request要求；C. struggle挣扎；D. pressure压力。由上文“with cnstant supprt”和下文“t try “crazy ideas””可知，她的父母不断支持她，鼓励她尝试新想法，故选A。
88．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Gitanjali获得了25000美元，用于进一步发展她的项目，同时也获得了赢得比赛的巨大荣誉。A. frtune财富；B. intentin意图；C. hnr荣誉；D. ptential潜力。由下文“f winning the cntest”可知，她获得了赢得比赛的巨大荣誉。故选C。
89．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：Shafer对Gitanjali评价很高，他说：“她表现出了通过科学解决实际问题的很大动力。”A. keeps with跟上；B. gets alng with与……相处；C. takes care f照顾；D. speaks highly f高度赞扬。由下文“she shws a lt f mtivatin t slve”可知，Shafer对Gitanjali评价很高，故选D。
90．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Shafer对Gitanjali评价很高，他说：“她表现出了通过科学解决实际问题的很大动力。”A. cmmercial商业的；B. academic学术的；C. practical实用的；D. systematic系统的。由下文“issues thrugh science”和上文提到的Gitanjali在她的计算机科学老师的指导下设计了一个免费的应用程序，它可以给出即时的结果，并通过一个附加设备将数据发送到一个链接的手机上可知，她通过科学解决实际问题。故选C。
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