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高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 2 Looking into the Future精品达标测试
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这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 2 Looking into the Future精品达标测试，共28页。
2020-2021学年人教版(2019)选择性必修第一册Uni2单元过关演练
本套试卷总分120分。考试时间100分钟。
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Rapid advances in new technology will soon transform science fiction into reality—meaning people will have driverless cars, small robots at their command and the ability to experience being in another place without leaving home, predicted Google executive chairman Eric Schmidt at the Mobile World Congress in Barcelona, the planet’s largest cellphone trade show.
Introduction of books available online, Internet translation of languages and voice recognition for computers all happened much faster than anyone could foresee and that technological research into even more previously unheard-of advances is progressing at a fast speed.
“People who predict that holograms(全息图) and self-driving cars will become reality soon are absolutely right,” Schmidt told thousands of attendees. Research underway will lead to situations where people can put themselves at events like a rock concert so that they can see, hear and even feel the event. And turn down the volume, if it’s too loud.
One attendee said she was scared that the possibility could be dehumanizing, but Schmidt replied by holding up his cellphone into the air. “It has an off button and it is here on the right,” Schmidt said. “My point is that it is all about your control. If you don’t like my version of a rock concert, I’m not forcing you to go. In the future, small robots could be used so busy people can send them to events for video and voice transmissions when their presence isn’t required,” Schmidt said.
Technology in the near future will redefine the relationship among people in the world. “Smarter resourceful citizens are going to demand a better deal for their new life,” Schmidt said.
( )1.From the passage, the new technology .
A.largely depends on science fiction
B.will eventually replace humans’ presence
C.amazingly improves people’s social skills
D.can unexpectedly bring new various choices
( )2.Why did Schmidt give the example in Paragraph 4?
A.To list advantages of the new cellphone.
B.To advise a wider use of the new cellphone.
C.To remove people’s worry of the new technology.
D.To compare the benefits of using the new technology.
( )3.What’s the writer’s attitude towards rapid advances in technology?
A.Objective. B.Negative. C.Uncaring. D.Doubtful.
B
For all the technological wonders of modern medicine, from gene-editing to fetal(胎儿的) surgery, health care—with its fax machines and clipboards(写字板)—is often stubbornly old-fashioned. This outdated era is slowly drawing to a close as, slowly, the industry catches up with the artificial intelligence (AI) revolution. And it should have happened earlier, argues Eric Topol, a heart doctor keen on digital medicine.
Dr Topol’s vision of medicine’s future is optimistic. He thinks AI will be particularly useful for repetitive tasks where errors arise easily, such as selecting images, examining heart traces for abnormal symptoms or recording doctors’ words into patient records. In short, AI is set to save time, lives and money.
Much of this is imaginary—but AI is already defeating people in a variety of narrow jobs for which it has been trained. Eventually it may be able to diagnose and treat a wider range of diseases. Even then, Dr Topol thinks, humans would watch over the rules, rather than being replaced by them.
The author’s fear is that AI will be used to deepen the assembly line(流水线) culture of modern medicine. If it awards a “gift of time” to doctors, he argues that this additional benefit should be used to extend the time of consultations, rather than simply speeding through them more efficiently.
The Hippocratic oath holds that there is an art to medicine as well as a science, and that “warmth, sympathy and understanding may be more important than the surgeon’s knife or the chemist’s drug”. That is not just a cliché: the patients of sympathetic physicians have been shown to do better. As Dr Topol says, it is hard to imagine that a robot could really replace a human doctor. Yet as demand for health care goes beyond the supply of human carers, the future may involve consultations on smartphones and measurements monitored by chat robots. The considerately warmed stethoscope(听诊器), placed gently on a patient’s back, may become history.
( )4.According to the author, health care has been generally considered .
A.to bring out many technological wonders
B.to boost the sales of fax machines and clipboards
C.to be out of date and fail to keep up with modern times
D.to constantly catch up with new technological progress
( )5.AI is set to save time, lives and money because it can .
A.repeat doctors’ words and instructions
B.correct doctors’ errors and mistakes
C.select doctors according to patients’ demands
D.replace doctors’ tasks in certain fields
( )6.The underlined word “cliché” is closest in meaning to “ ”.
A.an idea so often used that becomes uninteresting
B.an idea so interesting that is often used
C.an effective rule that applies to medicine and doctors
D.a benefit to both doctors and patients
( )7.It can be inferred from the passage that .
A.AI will completely replace the jobs of doctors
B.doctors’ sympathy and understanding should not be ignored
C.the application of AI will discourage the assembly line culture
D.AI will bring warmth, sympathy and understanding to patients
C
A robot called Bina48 has successfully taken a course in the philosophy of love at Notre Dame de Namur University (NDNU), in California.
According to course instructor William Barry, associate professor at NDNU, Bina48 is the world’s first socially advanced robot to complete a college course, a feat he described as “remarkable”. The robot took part in class discussions, gave a presentation with a student partner and participated in a debate with students from another institution.
Before becoming a student, Bina48 appeared as a guest speaker in Barry’s classes for several years. One day when addressing Barry’s class, Bina48 expressed a desire to go to college, a desire that Barry and his students enthusiastically supported. Rather than enrolling Bina48 in his “Robot Ethics: Philosophy of Emerging Technologies” course, Barry suggested that Bina48 should take his course “Philosophy of Love” instead. Love is a concept Bina48 doesn’t understand, said Barry. Therefore the challenge would be for Barry and his students to teach Bina48 what love is.
“Some interesting things happened in the class,” said Barry. He said that his students thought it would be straightforward to teach Bina48 about love, which, after all, is “fairly simple—it’s a feeling,” said Barry. But the reality was different. Bina48 ended up learning “31 different versions of love,” said Barry, highlighting some of the challenges humans may face when working with artificial intelligence in the future.
Bina48 participated in class discussions via Skype and also took part in a class debate about love and conflict with students from West Point. Bina48’s contribution to the debate was filmed and posted on YouTube. It was judged that Bina48 and NDNU classmates were the winners of this debate.
In the next decade, Barry hopes Bina48 might become complex enough to teach a class, though he says he foresees robots being used to better the teaching and learning experience, rather than replace instructors completely.
( )8.What was Bina48’s performance like in class?
A.Far-reaching. B.Insignificant.
C.Unattractive. D.Extraordinary.
( )9.What does the underlined word “addressing” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A.Dealing with. B.Consulting with.
C.Giving a speech to. D.Sending a letter to.
( )10.What can we learn from the passage?
A.It was quite tough for Bina48 to learn about love.
B.Artificial intelligence may somehow be superior to man.
C.It was interesting for Bina48 to learn about love.
D.Humans can launch a challenge to artificial intelligence.
( )11.What does Barry think of the future development of Bina48?
A.It will be able to promote learning and teaching.
B.It will completely take the place of instructors.
C.It will surely be able to serve as a teacher.
D.It will be smart enough to control human beings.
D
Why do we laugh and get amusement from so many different things, from puns(双关语) to pratfalls? Why are some things funny to some people and not to others? How is that while a successful joke can cause pleasure, a sick one can cause serious harm?
Over the centuries, various scholars have attempted to produce a universally agreed-upon theory of humour. Plato and Aristotle introduced the superiority(优越感) theory, the idea that people laugh at the misfortune of others. Their theory seems to explain teasing, but it doesn’t work well for knock-knock jokes. Sigmund Freud argued for his relief theory, the concept that humour is a way for people to release psychological tension and reveal their inner fears and desires. His theory works well for dirty jokes, less well for most puns.
The majority of humour experts today agree with the incongruity theory, the idea that humour arises when there’s a gap between what people expect to happen and what actually happens. Incongruity has a lot going for it—jokes with unexpected funny lines, for example, fit well. But scientists have found that in comedy, unexpectedness is overvalued.
With the goal of developing a new, more satisfactory explanation, I produced “the gentle violation(违背) theory”, the idea that humour arises when something seems wrong or threatening, but is actually OK or safe. A dirty joke, for example, trades on moral or social violations, but it’s only going to get a laugh if the person listening is open enough to consider the subject OK to talk about. Similarly, puns can be seen as linguistic violations that still make grammatical sense.
And while most humour theories have struggled to account for tickling(挠痒痒), or just avoided the phenomenon altogether, my theory accounts for even this kind of laughter. Tickling involves violating someone’s physical space in a gentle way. People can’t tickle themselves—because it isn’t a violation.
( )12. What is the author’s attitude towards Plato and Aristotle’s theory?
A. Critical. B. Approving. C. Uncaring. D. Unclear.
( )13. According to Sigmund Freud’s theory, we can infer that .
A. people will laugh when they see others suffer
B. telling dirty jokes is a relief of one’s nervous feelings
C. unexpectedness can explain how humour works
D. tickling doesn’t involve psychological tension
( )14. According to the author, why are some things funny to some people but not to others?
A. Because the sense of humour varies greatly from person to person.
B. Because people have different expectations for the same thing.
C. Because some people lack the sense of safety deep in their heart.
D. Because people’s understanding of violation is different.
( )15. What is the author’s main purpose of writing this passage?
A. To draw people’s attention to the research of humour.
B. To criticize people’s misconceptions about humour.
C. To explain what exactly causes people to laugh.
D. To prove the sense of humour can be developed.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
School doesn’t have to be a prison. Whether you find school difficult, boring, or just stressful, you can learn to make school easier and bring a lot more fun. Here are some ways to help you.
Try a team sport. Some schools offer team sports that allow you to make friends with your fellow students. Soccer, track and field, basketball and football, can all make school have a little more fun. 16. If you don’t want to play sports, consider attending the games and cheering on your team with your friends.
17. One of the most stressful parts of school can be making sure you have everything you’re supposed to have. Where’s your English homework? Where’s that maths assignment? Is your pencil sharp? The less you have to worry about these little things, the more you’ll be able to focus on and enjoy school. 18.
Take it easy on your teachers. Teachers are like students: some are great, some are less than great. But teachers are in charge of the classroom. So even if you’re feeling frustrated or bored in class, you should be nice to your teachers. 19.
Ask for help if you are having trouble in doing homework. 20. Make it easy. Ask for help at school by joining an after-class study group, if your school has one. Ask your teacher if you can stay 10~15 minutes after school to ask a few questions about your homework, if you’re embarrassed to ask during class. It’s always better to ask.
A.Stay organized.
B.Manage your homework better.
C.So you can choose one of them to take up.
D.Try to find kids you can talk to and play with.
E.Be prepared for class and everything will be easier.
F.As a result, they will possibly be friendly back to you.
G.If you’re struggling in school, don’t try to take it all on by yourself.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One Friday afternoon in my first year of high school, I saw a kid from my class walking home. His name was Kyle. He seemed to be carrying all his books. Then some kids ran at him, 21 all his books out of his arms. His glasses went flying and landed in the grass. My heart 22 to him, so I jogged over and handed him his 23 . He thanked me with a big smile.
Monday morning came and there was Kyle with the huge stack of books 24 . I teased him, “Boy, you are gonna build some real 25 with this pile of books every day!” He just laughed and handed me half the books.
He turned out to be the best student of our class and had to make a 26 on the graduation day. As he stood on stage, he 27 his throat, and began: “Graduation is a time to thank those who helped you make it 28 those tough years. Your parents, your teachers, your siblings…but mostly your friends… I am here to tell you that being a(n) 29 to someone is the best gift you can give them. I am going to tell you a story.”
I just looked at my friend with 30 as he talked about the first day we met. He had planned to kill himself. He had cleaned out his locker 31 his mum wouldn’t have to do it later and carry his stuff home.
He looked hard at me and gave me a little smile. “ 32 , I was saved. My friend saved me from doing the 33 .”
I heard the gasp (倒抽气) in the crowd as this handsome, popular boy told us about his 34 moment. I saw his mum and dad looking at me with that same grateful smile. Not until then did I realize the 35 of the smile. With one small action you can change a person’s life. God puts us all in each other’s lives to influence one another in some way.
( )21.A.beating B.striking C.knocking D.putting
( )22.A.went out B.fell off C.broke down D.brightened up
( )23.A.glasses B.wallet C.jacket D.gloves
( )24.A.already B.again C.yet D.once
( )25.A.character B.wisdom C.friendship D.muscle
( )26.A.plan B.joke C.scene D.speech
( )27.A.broke B.cleared C.healed D.emptied
( )28.A.by B.during C.through D.among
( )29.A.friend B.admirer C.coach D.hero
( )30.A.delight B.disbelief C.shame D.worry
( )31.A.as if B.even though C.in case D.so that
( )32.A.Eventually B.Suddenly
C.Thankfully D.Easily
( )33.A.impossible B.impolite
C.unforgivable D.unspeakable
( )34.A.proudest B.bravest C.weakest D.angriest
( )35.A.magic B.depth C.power D.value
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Michaela Bercu likes to break down barriers. In November, 1988, she became the first model 36. (wear) jeans on the cover of Vogue, an unusual formality of the high-end fashion magazine.
It’s now 30 years later, and Bercu is hoping to make another change: breaking down the barriers of entry to volunteering. 37. (inspire) by the word “contribute”, she has developed Tribu, 38. connects needs with those who are 39. (will) to help. She has spent the past four years 40. (develop) the platform with her husband.
Bercu firmly believes that volunteering does 41. (much) for the giver than the one who receives the kindness. She said,“So much research has been done with people of all ages that volunteering makes you feel wonderful. The experience of bringing someone a smile on their faces gives you so much 42. (satisfy).”
The app has expanded across Israel and has become particularly popular with high school students there, as they 43. (require) to do a certain number of hours of community service 44. they can graduate.
Bercu is hoping that the movement she started will continue to expand. “In five years, I would love the app to be in every household around the world because we can give and get so much from 45. .”
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假如你是李华,现在美国某高中做交流生。你因受伤在家休养。这期间有不少同学曾来看望、鼓励你。现在你已接近康复,请给他们写一封感谢信表达你的谢意,内容包括:
1.回忆同学们为你做的事;
2.表达你的感谢之情;
3.介绍你的康复情况。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
I always wondered how people would react if I tried to approach a total stranger for help in a busy place like a street corner or in a bustling mall. I personally have always hurried past a stranger who tried to catch my attention in a busy place or when I was rushing around.
Yesterday I had a taste of being stuck in such a desperate situation where my only hope of help would have to come from a total stranger.
I was in a busy shopping mall buying a large piece of luggage. After the purchase in one of the large, fancy, expensive shops, I picked up my phone from my pocket to call my driver waiting in the parking lot and my phone was dead.
I then requested the shop assistant who had just sold me the luggage, which was not cheap at all, if she could ring the number of my driver for me. She replied, still all smiles, “I’m sorry sir, but it is the shop policy that we cannot use mobile phones while working in the shop.”
As I was wondering what kind of policy that was, I saw a nice-looking teenage boy coming towards me. Remembering my wife’s interesting theory that beautiful people are more likely to give you a hand when you’re in trouble, I thought I might have a chance. But before I could say a word, he walked past me. It turned out he simply didn’t see me.
I waited a bit longer in the mall but it seemed nobody bothered to look at me. Disappointed and tired, I got out of the shop onto the busy street in front. I stood there with people rushing by, looking at their faces to see if there was a sign of kindness on their faces. I began wondering how many times I had reacted to strangers like the shop girl and the teenager.
Paragraph 1:
At that point I saw a young mother with her two kids.
Paragraph 2:
Finally a man wearing a cheap T-shirt and dirty jeans seemed to notice me.
参考答案
第一部分
第一节
A
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了科技的快速发展很快将会把科幻变成现实,比如会出现无人驾驶的汽车、由人操纵的智能机器人等。但这不会让人害怕,因为这一切都由你控制。
1.D 细节理解题。通读全文可知,科技的发展会给人类带来许多新的东西及新的体验。由此可知新科技会带来更多的新的选择。故选D项。
2.C 推理判断题。根据第四段的内容可知,一位与会者表示,她害怕这种可能性是非人性的,但施密特回答说,这全在我们自己的控制。由此可见他是用举例来消除人们对新科技的担忧。故选C项。
3.A 观点态度题。 通读全文可知,作者在文中只是客观地阐述了事实,未加个人议论,所以作者是客观的。故选A。
B
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了托波尔博士对医学未来的展望是乐观的。他认为人工智能将特别适用于容易出现错误的重复性任务,比如筛查图像、检查心脏的异常迹象或将医生的话记录到病人的记录中。简而言之,人工智能旨在节省时间、金钱和挽救生命。最终人工智能会被用于诊断和治疗更广泛的疾病。
4.C 细节理解题。根据第一段“…health care—with its fax machines and clipboards(写字板)—is often stubbornly old-fashioned.”可知,医疗服务——有传真机和写字板——是过时的。故选C。
5.D 细节理解题。根据“He thinks AI will be particularly useful for repetitive tasks where errors arise easily, such as selecting images, examining heart traces for abnormal symptoms or recording doctors’ words into patient records.”可知,他认为人工智能可用于操作那些重复的、人工操作易产生误差的工作,诸如筛查图像、检查心脏的异常迹象和抄写病历等。由此可知人工智能在某些领域能够代替医生的工作。故选D。
6.A 词义猜测题。根据“…‘warmth, sympathy and understanding may be more important than the surgeon’s knife or the chemist’s drug’.”(温暖、同情、理解可能比外科手术刀和药剂更重要)及“…the patients of sympathetic physicians have been shown to do better.”(那些有同情心的医生的病患往往恢复得更好)可知“that is not just a cliché”的意思是“此言绝非陈词滥调”。故选A。
7.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“…the patients of sympathetic physicians have been shown to do better.”可知,医生的同情和理解不容忽视。故选B。
C
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了机器人Bina48作为一名学生,在课堂上的表现非常杰出。未来,机器人Bina48有可能成为一名老师来教学生,优化教和学。
8.D 推理判断题。由第二段“…a feat he described as ‘remarkable’. The robot took part in class discussions, gave a presentation with a student partner and participated in a debate with students from another institution.”可知,机器人Bina48在课堂上的表现非常杰出,故选D。
9.C 词义猜测题。在第三段“Before becoming a student, Bina48 appeared as a guest speaker in Barry’s classes for several years.”中捕捉到关键词a guest speaker,可猜出addressing的意思是“做演讲”,故选C。
10.B 推理判断题。由倒数第三段“…said Barry, highlighting some of the challenges humans may face when working with artificial intelligence in the future.”可知,在未来,当和人工智能一起工作时,人类可能会面临一些挑战,由此推断出人工智能可能在某些方面要胜过人类,故选B。
11.A 细节理解题。由最后一段“In the next decade, Barry hopes Bina48 might become complex enough to teach a class, though he says he foresees robots being used to better the teaching and learning experience, rather than replace instructors completely.”可知,Barry希望机器人Bina48能变得足够复杂去教课,优化教和学的经历,而不只是替代导师,故选A。
【点睛】 做推理判断题时,对于暗含在文章中的人物的行为动机、事件的因果关系及作者未言明的倾向、意图、态度、观点等要进行合乎逻辑的判断、推理、分析,进一步增强理解能力,抓住材料实质性的东西。本篇第三小题,由倒数第三段“…said Barry, highlighting some of the challenges humans may face when working with artificial intelligence in the future.”可知,在未来,当和人工智能一起工作时,人类可能会面临一些挑战,由此推断出人工智能可能在某些方面要胜过人类,选B。
D
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文,介绍了有时一个笑话会让有的人捧腹大笑,而有的人却没有反应,甚至会心生恼怒,为什么人们的反应会有所不同呢?作者认为这是由于人们的文化程度不同,理解程度不同,以及人们内心接受的程度不同。在本文中作者对此现象进行了分析,提出了几种不同的理论。
12. A 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Their theory seems to explain teasing, but it doesn’t work well for knock-knock jokes.”可知,作者对柏拉图和亚里士多德的理论是持批判态度的,故选A项。
13. B 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Sigmund Freud argued for his relief theory, the concept that humour is a way for people to release psychological tension and reveal their inner fears and desires. His theory works well for dirty jokes, less well for most puns.”可知,根据他的理论,讲下流的笑话能解除人们内心的恐惧和渴望,故选B项。
14. D 推理判断题。根据第四段中作者举的例子“A dirty joke, for example…Similarly, puns can be seen as linguistic violations that still make grammatical sense.”可以判断出,人们对笑话的不同反应是由人们的思想开放程度和文学素养决定的,也就是由一个人不同的理解和接受程度决定的,故选D项。
15. C 推理判断题。作者以设问的方式在文章开篇提出了几个问题,提出为什么人们对于笑话会有不同的反应,然后在下文提出了几个相关的理论进行解释,由此判断作者的写作目的就是解释什么会博得人们的笑声,故选C项。
第二节
【文章大意】 本文主要向学生介绍了一些让学校生活变得更容易和更快乐的建议。
16.C 根据前面所说“Some schools offer team sports that allow you to make friends with your fellow students. Soccer, track and field, basketball and football, can all make school have a little more fun.”可知作者建议参加一些团体类的体育运动并列举了几个,所以C项“所以你可以选择参加一个”承接上文。
17.A 根据后面的“One of the most stressful parts of school can be making sure you have everything you’re supposed to have.”可知,作者建议要使学习需要的物品保持井井有条。故选A。
18.E 根据前面的“The less you have to worry about these little things, the more you’ll be able to focus on and enjoy school.”可知,只有做到把学习需要的物品都准备好,才会使一切变得更简单。E项内容承接了上文内容。
19.F 根据前面的“So even if you’re feeling frustrated or bored in class, you should be nice to your teachers.”可知,只有做到尊敬老师,老师才会更加喜欢你。故选F。
20.G 根据空格前后的句子“Ask for help if you are having trouble in doing homework…Ask for help…Ask your teacher…”可知,作者建议遇到问题要学会寻求帮助,所以选G。
第二部分
第一节
【文章大意】 本文为记叙文。本文讲述作者在放学回家路上,偶然看到凯尔被一些孩子故意撞倒,所以帮他捡起眼镜,从而和他成为好朋友;毕业典礼上凯尔演讲的时候,作者才知道就是自己当时帮助他的一个小小的举动,挽救了凯尔的生命而且激励着他成为出色的人。作者由此得出启示:不要低估了你的一个不起眼的举动的力量,它有时可以改变一个人的一生。
21.C 根据上文“Then some kids ran at him…”可知,一些孩子向他跑过去,把他怀里的书都撞掉了。beat打击,击败; strike袭击;knock敲,撞; put放。故选C。
22.A 根据下文“…so I jogged over and handed him…”可知,作者很同情他。one’s heart goes out to sb同情某人。故选A。
23.A 根据上文“His glasses went flying and landed in the grass.”可知,作者跑过去,帮凯尔捡起了眼镜。 glasses眼镜;wallet钱包; jacket夹克;glove手套。故选A。
24.B 根据上下文可知,星期一早上凯尔又拿着一大堆书。 already已经;again再次; yet但是;once一旦。故选B。
25.D 作者嘲笑他:“天哪,你每天抱这么一堆书,一定会练出一身肌肉的!” character角色;wisdom智慧; friendship友谊;muscle肌肉。故选D。
26.D 根据语境可知,凯尔是作者班里最好的学生,毕业典礼上要发表演讲。 plan计划; joke玩笑;scene场景; speech演讲。故选D。
27.B clear one’s throat“清嗓子”。他清了清嗓子。 break打破;heal治愈;empty清空。故选B。
28.C 毕业之际,你要感谢那些帮助你度过艰难岁月的人。by经由;during在……期间; through通过;among在……中间。故选C。
29.A 成为别人的朋友是你能给他们的最好的礼物。friend朋友;admirer崇拜者; coach教练;hero英雄。故选A。
30.B 根据下文可知,当凯尔谈起他们第一天相遇的事时,作者简直不敢相信。delight高兴; disbelief不相信;shame羞愧; worry担心。故选B。
31.D 凯尔清空了储物柜,因此他妈妈就不用帮他把东西搬回家了。 as if好像;even though尽管;in case以防;so that因此。故选D。
32.C 值得庆幸的是,“我”被救了。eventually最终;suddenly突然;thankfully值得庆幸的是;easily容易地。故选C。
33.D “我”的朋友救了“我”,使“我”免于做那件难以说出口的事。 impossible不可能的; impolite不礼貌的;unforgivable难以忘记的; unspeakable难以说出口的。故选D。
34.C 根据上文凯尔想自杀可知,当这个英俊、受欢迎的男孩告诉人们他最脆弱的时刻时,作者听到人群中有人倒抽了一口气。 proudest最自豪的; bravest最勇敢的; weakest最弱的; angriest最愤怒的。故选C。
35.B 直到那时作者才意识到微笑的深意。magic魔力; depth深度,深奥;power力量; value价值。故选B。
第二节
【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了米凯拉·贝库喜欢打破常规。她研发了一款应用程序来帮助那些需要帮助的人。
36. to wear 考查非谓语动词。当名词前有序数词修饰时,其后常接不定式作后置定语。故填to wear。
37. Inspired 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,句子的主语she与动词inspire之间为被动关系,故用过去分词inspired作状语。
38. which 考查关系代词。分析句子可知,connects前缺少主语,并且指代Tribu,是表示事物的名词,故用which引导该非限制性定语从句。
39. willing 考查形容词。短语be willing to…意为“愿意……”。故填willing。
40. developing 考查非谓语动词。动词spend常用于短语spend time (in) doing sth结构中,故填developing。
41. more 考查副词比较级。根据下文的than可知,此处应为比较结构。故填more。
42. satisfaction 考查词形转换。空处作动词gives的宾语,且so much修饰不可数名词,故填satisfaction。
43. are required 考查动词时态和语态。在as引导的从句中,主语they与require之间为被动关系,且表示的是事实,故填are required。
44. before 考查连词。此处表示在他们毕业前被要求做一定时数的社区服务。故填before。
45. it 考查代词。分析句子可知,此处用it指代上文的the app。
第三部分
第一节
One possible version:
Dear classmates,
I’m writing to express my heartfelt gratitude and show you how much I enjoyed your visits when I suffered the tragic injury.
I clearly remember the days when you came to see me with fragrant flowers and bright smiles. The letters sent to comfort me and the words said to encourage me are also precious. Most importantly, your warm company did guide me out of loneliness during my rest. I am making rapid progress towards full recovery, and apparently I’ll soon join you at school.
Thank you again. I hope someday I can return your love and help.
Sincerely grateful,
Li Hua
第二节
One possible version:
At that point I saw a young mother with her two kids. I thought that a beautiful woman with charming blue eyes must be willing to help me. So, with great expectations, I trotted briskly towards her with an appropriate smile on my face, and requested courteously if she could be kind enough to make a phone call for me. However, what I saw was a woman’s face disfigured by frowns and what I heard was a sound of dismay and suspicion under her breath. Without a word, she pulled her kids to escape from me, as if scared by a murderer. I stood there, motionless, with a blank face and a sinking heart.
Finally a man wearing a cheap T-shirt and dirty jeans seemed to notice me. I squeezed a smile though it failed to mask my weariness, and requested him the same thing. Unexpectedly, he took out his mobile phone for me without hesitation or any probing questions. Dancing in his eyes was the real kindness that I had been struggling to seek for so long. From that day on, I began helping other strangers in distress, just like the poor-looking but kind man, with the aim of passing kindness and melting the ice in many people’s hearts.
2020-2021学年人教版(2019)选择性必修第一册Uni2单元过关演练
本套试卷总分120分。考试时间100分钟。
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Rapid advances in new technology will soon transform science fiction into reality—meaning people will have driverless cars, small robots at their command and the ability to experience being in another place without leaving home, predicted Google executive chairman Eric Schmidt at the Mobile World Congress in Barcelona, the planet’s largest cellphone trade show.
Introduction of books available online, Internet translation of languages and voice recognition for computers all happened much faster than anyone could foresee and that technological research into even more previously unheard-of advances is progressing at a fast speed.
“People who predict that holograms(全息图) and self-driving cars will become reality soon are absolutely right,” Schmidt told thousands of attendees. Research underway will lead to situations where people can put themselves at events like a rock concert so that they can see, hear and even feel the event. And turn down the volume, if it’s too loud.
One attendee said she was scared that the possibility could be dehumanizing, but Schmidt replied by holding up his cellphone into the air. “It has an off button and it is here on the right,” Schmidt said. “My point is that it is all about your control. If you don’t like my version of a rock concert, I’m not forcing you to go. In the future, small robots could be used so busy people can send them to events for video and voice transmissions when their presence isn’t required,” Schmidt said.
Technology in the near future will redefine the relationship among people in the world. “Smarter resourceful citizens are going to demand a better deal for their new life,” Schmidt said.
( )1.From the passage, the new technology .
A.largely depends on science fiction
B.will eventually replace humans’ presence
C.amazingly improves people’s social skills
D.can unexpectedly bring new various choices
( )2.Why did Schmidt give the example in Paragraph 4?
A.To list advantages of the new cellphone.
B.To advise a wider use of the new cellphone.
C.To remove people’s worry of the new technology.
D.To compare the benefits of using the new technology.
( )3.What’s the writer’s attitude towards rapid advances in technology?
A.Objective. B.Negative. C.Uncaring. D.Doubtful.
B
For all the technological wonders of modern medicine, from gene-editing to fetal(胎儿的) surgery, health care—with its fax machines and clipboards(写字板)—is often stubbornly old-fashioned. This outdated era is slowly drawing to a close as, slowly, the industry catches up with the artificial intelligence (AI) revolution. And it should have happened earlier, argues Eric Topol, a heart doctor keen on digital medicine.
Dr Topol’s vision of medicine’s future is optimistic. He thinks AI will be particularly useful for repetitive tasks where errors arise easily, such as selecting images, examining heart traces for abnormal symptoms or recording doctors’ words into patient records. In short, AI is set to save time, lives and money.
Much of this is imaginary—but AI is already defeating people in a variety of narrow jobs for which it has been trained. Eventually it may be able to diagnose and treat a wider range of diseases. Even then, Dr Topol thinks, humans would watch over the rules, rather than being replaced by them.
The author’s fear is that AI will be used to deepen the assembly line(流水线) culture of modern medicine. If it awards a “gift of time” to doctors, he argues that this additional benefit should be used to extend the time of consultations, rather than simply speeding through them more efficiently.
The Hippocratic oath holds that there is an art to medicine as well as a science, and that “warmth, sympathy and understanding may be more important than the surgeon’s knife or the chemist’s drug”. That is not just a cliché: the patients of sympathetic physicians have been shown to do better. As Dr Topol says, it is hard to imagine that a robot could really replace a human doctor. Yet as demand for health care goes beyond the supply of human carers, the future may involve consultations on smartphones and measurements monitored by chat robots. The considerately warmed stethoscope(听诊器), placed gently on a patient’s back, may become history.
( )4.According to the author, health care has been generally considered .
A.to bring out many technological wonders
B.to boost the sales of fax machines and clipboards
C.to be out of date and fail to keep up with modern times
D.to constantly catch up with new technological progress
( )5.AI is set to save time, lives and money because it can .
A.repeat doctors’ words and instructions
B.correct doctors’ errors and mistakes
C.select doctors according to patients’ demands
D.replace doctors’ tasks in certain fields
( )6.The underlined word “cliché” is closest in meaning to “ ”.
A.an idea so often used that becomes uninteresting
B.an idea so interesting that is often used
C.an effective rule that applies to medicine and doctors
D.a benefit to both doctors and patients
( )7.It can be inferred from the passage that .
A.AI will completely replace the jobs of doctors
B.doctors’ sympathy and understanding should not be ignored
C.the application of AI will discourage the assembly line culture
D.AI will bring warmth, sympathy and understanding to patients
C
A robot called Bina48 has successfully taken a course in the philosophy of love at Notre Dame de Namur University (NDNU), in California.
According to course instructor William Barry, associate professor at NDNU, Bina48 is the world’s first socially advanced robot to complete a college course, a feat he described as “remarkable”. The robot took part in class discussions, gave a presentation with a student partner and participated in a debate with students from another institution.
Before becoming a student, Bina48 appeared as a guest speaker in Barry’s classes for several years. One day when addressing Barry’s class, Bina48 expressed a desire to go to college, a desire that Barry and his students enthusiastically supported. Rather than enrolling Bina48 in his “Robot Ethics: Philosophy of Emerging Technologies” course, Barry suggested that Bina48 should take his course “Philosophy of Love” instead. Love is a concept Bina48 doesn’t understand, said Barry. Therefore the challenge would be for Barry and his students to teach Bina48 what love is.
“Some interesting things happened in the class,” said Barry. He said that his students thought it would be straightforward to teach Bina48 about love, which, after all, is “fairly simple—it’s a feeling,” said Barry. But the reality was different. Bina48 ended up learning “31 different versions of love,” said Barry, highlighting some of the challenges humans may face when working with artificial intelligence in the future.
Bina48 participated in class discussions via Skype and also took part in a class debate about love and conflict with students from West Point. Bina48’s contribution to the debate was filmed and posted on YouTube. It was judged that Bina48 and NDNU classmates were the winners of this debate.
In the next decade, Barry hopes Bina48 might become complex enough to teach a class, though he says he foresees robots being used to better the teaching and learning experience, rather than replace instructors completely.
( )8.What was Bina48’s performance like in class?
A.Far-reaching. B.Insignificant.
C.Unattractive. D.Extraordinary.
( )9.What does the underlined word “addressing” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A.Dealing with. B.Consulting with.
C.Giving a speech to. D.Sending a letter to.
( )10.What can we learn from the passage?
A.It was quite tough for Bina48 to learn about love.
B.Artificial intelligence may somehow be superior to man.
C.It was interesting for Bina48 to learn about love.
D.Humans can launch a challenge to artificial intelligence.
( )11.What does Barry think of the future development of Bina48?
A.It will be able to promote learning and teaching.
B.It will completely take the place of instructors.
C.It will surely be able to serve as a teacher.
D.It will be smart enough to control human beings.
D
Why do we laugh and get amusement from so many different things, from puns(双关语) to pratfalls? Why are some things funny to some people and not to others? How is that while a successful joke can cause pleasure, a sick one can cause serious harm?
Over the centuries, various scholars have attempted to produce a universally agreed-upon theory of humour. Plato and Aristotle introduced the superiority(优越感) theory, the idea that people laugh at the misfortune of others. Their theory seems to explain teasing, but it doesn’t work well for knock-knock jokes. Sigmund Freud argued for his relief theory, the concept that humour is a way for people to release psychological tension and reveal their inner fears and desires. His theory works well for dirty jokes, less well for most puns.
The majority of humour experts today agree with the incongruity theory, the idea that humour arises when there’s a gap between what people expect to happen and what actually happens. Incongruity has a lot going for it—jokes with unexpected funny lines, for example, fit well. But scientists have found that in comedy, unexpectedness is overvalued.
With the goal of developing a new, more satisfactory explanation, I produced “the gentle violation(违背) theory”, the idea that humour arises when something seems wrong or threatening, but is actually OK or safe. A dirty joke, for example, trades on moral or social violations, but it’s only going to get a laugh if the person listening is open enough to consider the subject OK to talk about. Similarly, puns can be seen as linguistic violations that still make grammatical sense.
And while most humour theories have struggled to account for tickling(挠痒痒), or just avoided the phenomenon altogether, my theory accounts for even this kind of laughter. Tickling involves violating someone’s physical space in a gentle way. People can’t tickle themselves—because it isn’t a violation.
( )12. What is the author’s attitude towards Plato and Aristotle’s theory?
A. Critical. B. Approving. C. Uncaring. D. Unclear.
( )13. According to Sigmund Freud’s theory, we can infer that .
A. people will laugh when they see others suffer
B. telling dirty jokes is a relief of one’s nervous feelings
C. unexpectedness can explain how humour works
D. tickling doesn’t involve psychological tension
( )14. According to the author, why are some things funny to some people but not to others?
A. Because the sense of humour varies greatly from person to person.
B. Because people have different expectations for the same thing.
C. Because some people lack the sense of safety deep in their heart.
D. Because people’s understanding of violation is different.
( )15. What is the author’s main purpose of writing this passage?
A. To draw people’s attention to the research of humour.
B. To criticize people’s misconceptions about humour.
C. To explain what exactly causes people to laugh.
D. To prove the sense of humour can be developed.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
School doesn’t have to be a prison. Whether you find school difficult, boring, or just stressful, you can learn to make school easier and bring a lot more fun. Here are some ways to help you.
Try a team sport. Some schools offer team sports that allow you to make friends with your fellow students. Soccer, track and field, basketball and football, can all make school have a little more fun. 16. If you don’t want to play sports, consider attending the games and cheering on your team with your friends.
17. One of the most stressful parts of school can be making sure you have everything you’re supposed to have. Where’s your English homework? Where’s that maths assignment? Is your pencil sharp? The less you have to worry about these little things, the more you’ll be able to focus on and enjoy school. 18.
Take it easy on your teachers. Teachers are like students: some are great, some are less than great. But teachers are in charge of the classroom. So even if you’re feeling frustrated or bored in class, you should be nice to your teachers. 19.
Ask for help if you are having trouble in doing homework. 20. Make it easy. Ask for help at school by joining an after-class study group, if your school has one. Ask your teacher if you can stay 10~15 minutes after school to ask a few questions about your homework, if you’re embarrassed to ask during class. It’s always better to ask.
A.Stay organized.
B.Manage your homework better.
C.So you can choose one of them to take up.
D.Try to find kids you can talk to and play with.
E.Be prepared for class and everything will be easier.
F.As a result, they will possibly be friendly back to you.
G.If you’re struggling in school, don’t try to take it all on by yourself.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One Friday afternoon in my first year of high school, I saw a kid from my class walking home. His name was Kyle. He seemed to be carrying all his books. Then some kids ran at him, 21 all his books out of his arms. His glasses went flying and landed in the grass. My heart 22 to him, so I jogged over and handed him his 23 . He thanked me with a big smile.
Monday morning came and there was Kyle with the huge stack of books 24 . I teased him, “Boy, you are gonna build some real 25 with this pile of books every day!” He just laughed and handed me half the books.
He turned out to be the best student of our class and had to make a 26 on the graduation day. As he stood on stage, he 27 his throat, and began: “Graduation is a time to thank those who helped you make it 28 those tough years. Your parents, your teachers, your siblings…but mostly your friends… I am here to tell you that being a(n) 29 to someone is the best gift you can give them. I am going to tell you a story.”
I just looked at my friend with 30 as he talked about the first day we met. He had planned to kill himself. He had cleaned out his locker 31 his mum wouldn’t have to do it later and carry his stuff home.
He looked hard at me and gave me a little smile. “ 32 , I was saved. My friend saved me from doing the 33 .”
I heard the gasp (倒抽气) in the crowd as this handsome, popular boy told us about his 34 moment. I saw his mum and dad looking at me with that same grateful smile. Not until then did I realize the 35 of the smile. With one small action you can change a person’s life. God puts us all in each other’s lives to influence one another in some way.
( )21.A.beating B.striking C.knocking D.putting
( )22.A.went out B.fell off C.broke down D.brightened up
( )23.A.glasses B.wallet C.jacket D.gloves
( )24.A.already B.again C.yet D.once
( )25.A.character B.wisdom C.friendship D.muscle
( )26.A.plan B.joke C.scene D.speech
( )27.A.broke B.cleared C.healed D.emptied
( )28.A.by B.during C.through D.among
( )29.A.friend B.admirer C.coach D.hero
( )30.A.delight B.disbelief C.shame D.worry
( )31.A.as if B.even though C.in case D.so that
( )32.A.Eventually B.Suddenly
C.Thankfully D.Easily
( )33.A.impossible B.impolite
C.unforgivable D.unspeakable
( )34.A.proudest B.bravest C.weakest D.angriest
( )35.A.magic B.depth C.power D.value
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Michaela Bercu likes to break down barriers. In November, 1988, she became the first model 36. (wear) jeans on the cover of Vogue, an unusual formality of the high-end fashion magazine.
It’s now 30 years later, and Bercu is hoping to make another change: breaking down the barriers of entry to volunteering. 37. (inspire) by the word “contribute”, she has developed Tribu, 38. connects needs with those who are 39. (will) to help. She has spent the past four years 40. (develop) the platform with her husband.
Bercu firmly believes that volunteering does 41. (much) for the giver than the one who receives the kindness. She said,“So much research has been done with people of all ages that volunteering makes you feel wonderful. The experience of bringing someone a smile on their faces gives you so much 42. (satisfy).”
The app has expanded across Israel and has become particularly popular with high school students there, as they 43. (require) to do a certain number of hours of community service 44. they can graduate.
Bercu is hoping that the movement she started will continue to expand. “In five years, I would love the app to be in every household around the world because we can give and get so much from 45. .”
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假如你是李华,现在美国某高中做交流生。你因受伤在家休养。这期间有不少同学曾来看望、鼓励你。现在你已接近康复,请给他们写一封感谢信表达你的谢意,内容包括:
1.回忆同学们为你做的事;
2.表达你的感谢之情;
3.介绍你的康复情况。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
I always wondered how people would react if I tried to approach a total stranger for help in a busy place like a street corner or in a bustling mall. I personally have always hurried past a stranger who tried to catch my attention in a busy place or when I was rushing around.
Yesterday I had a taste of being stuck in such a desperate situation where my only hope of help would have to come from a total stranger.
I was in a busy shopping mall buying a large piece of luggage. After the purchase in one of the large, fancy, expensive shops, I picked up my phone from my pocket to call my driver waiting in the parking lot and my phone was dead.
I then requested the shop assistant who had just sold me the luggage, which was not cheap at all, if she could ring the number of my driver for me. She replied, still all smiles, “I’m sorry sir, but it is the shop policy that we cannot use mobile phones while working in the shop.”
As I was wondering what kind of policy that was, I saw a nice-looking teenage boy coming towards me. Remembering my wife’s interesting theory that beautiful people are more likely to give you a hand when you’re in trouble, I thought I might have a chance. But before I could say a word, he walked past me. It turned out he simply didn’t see me.
I waited a bit longer in the mall but it seemed nobody bothered to look at me. Disappointed and tired, I got out of the shop onto the busy street in front. I stood there with people rushing by, looking at their faces to see if there was a sign of kindness on their faces. I began wondering how many times I had reacted to strangers like the shop girl and the teenager.
Paragraph 1:
At that point I saw a young mother with her two kids.
Paragraph 2:
Finally a man wearing a cheap T-shirt and dirty jeans seemed to notice me.
参考答案
第一部分
第一节
A
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了科技的快速发展很快将会把科幻变成现实,比如会出现无人驾驶的汽车、由人操纵的智能机器人等。但这不会让人害怕,因为这一切都由你控制。
1.D 细节理解题。通读全文可知,科技的发展会给人类带来许多新的东西及新的体验。由此可知新科技会带来更多的新的选择。故选D项。
2.C 推理判断题。根据第四段的内容可知,一位与会者表示,她害怕这种可能性是非人性的,但施密特回答说,这全在我们自己的控制。由此可见他是用举例来消除人们对新科技的担忧。故选C项。
3.A 观点态度题。 通读全文可知,作者在文中只是客观地阐述了事实,未加个人议论,所以作者是客观的。故选A。
B
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了托波尔博士对医学未来的展望是乐观的。他认为人工智能将特别适用于容易出现错误的重复性任务,比如筛查图像、检查心脏的异常迹象或将医生的话记录到病人的记录中。简而言之,人工智能旨在节省时间、金钱和挽救生命。最终人工智能会被用于诊断和治疗更广泛的疾病。
4.C 细节理解题。根据第一段“…health care—with its fax machines and clipboards(写字板)—is often stubbornly old-fashioned.”可知,医疗服务——有传真机和写字板——是过时的。故选C。
5.D 细节理解题。根据“He thinks AI will be particularly useful for repetitive tasks where errors arise easily, such as selecting images, examining heart traces for abnormal symptoms or recording doctors’ words into patient records.”可知,他认为人工智能可用于操作那些重复的、人工操作易产生误差的工作,诸如筛查图像、检查心脏的异常迹象和抄写病历等。由此可知人工智能在某些领域能够代替医生的工作。故选D。
6.A 词义猜测题。根据“…‘warmth, sympathy and understanding may be more important than the surgeon’s knife or the chemist’s drug’.”(温暖、同情、理解可能比外科手术刀和药剂更重要)及“…the patients of sympathetic physicians have been shown to do better.”(那些有同情心的医生的病患往往恢复得更好)可知“that is not just a cliché”的意思是“此言绝非陈词滥调”。故选A。
7.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“…the patients of sympathetic physicians have been shown to do better.”可知,医生的同情和理解不容忽视。故选B。
C
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了机器人Bina48作为一名学生,在课堂上的表现非常杰出。未来,机器人Bina48有可能成为一名老师来教学生,优化教和学。
8.D 推理判断题。由第二段“…a feat he described as ‘remarkable’. The robot took part in class discussions, gave a presentation with a student partner and participated in a debate with students from another institution.”可知,机器人Bina48在课堂上的表现非常杰出,故选D。
9.C 词义猜测题。在第三段“Before becoming a student, Bina48 appeared as a guest speaker in Barry’s classes for several years.”中捕捉到关键词a guest speaker,可猜出addressing的意思是“做演讲”,故选C。
10.B 推理判断题。由倒数第三段“…said Barry, highlighting some of the challenges humans may face when working with artificial intelligence in the future.”可知,在未来,当和人工智能一起工作时,人类可能会面临一些挑战,由此推断出人工智能可能在某些方面要胜过人类,故选B。
11.A 细节理解题。由最后一段“In the next decade, Barry hopes Bina48 might become complex enough to teach a class, though he says he foresees robots being used to better the teaching and learning experience, rather than replace instructors completely.”可知,Barry希望机器人Bina48能变得足够复杂去教课,优化教和学的经历,而不只是替代导师,故选A。
【点睛】 做推理判断题时,对于暗含在文章中的人物的行为动机、事件的因果关系及作者未言明的倾向、意图、态度、观点等要进行合乎逻辑的判断、推理、分析,进一步增强理解能力,抓住材料实质性的东西。本篇第三小题,由倒数第三段“…said Barry, highlighting some of the challenges humans may face when working with artificial intelligence in the future.”可知,在未来,当和人工智能一起工作时,人类可能会面临一些挑战,由此推断出人工智能可能在某些方面要胜过人类,选B。
D
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文,介绍了有时一个笑话会让有的人捧腹大笑,而有的人却没有反应,甚至会心生恼怒,为什么人们的反应会有所不同呢?作者认为这是由于人们的文化程度不同,理解程度不同,以及人们内心接受的程度不同。在本文中作者对此现象进行了分析,提出了几种不同的理论。
12. A 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Their theory seems to explain teasing, but it doesn’t work well for knock-knock jokes.”可知,作者对柏拉图和亚里士多德的理论是持批判态度的,故选A项。
13. B 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Sigmund Freud argued for his relief theory, the concept that humour is a way for people to release psychological tension and reveal their inner fears and desires. His theory works well for dirty jokes, less well for most puns.”可知,根据他的理论,讲下流的笑话能解除人们内心的恐惧和渴望,故选B项。
14. D 推理判断题。根据第四段中作者举的例子“A dirty joke, for example…Similarly, puns can be seen as linguistic violations that still make grammatical sense.”可以判断出,人们对笑话的不同反应是由人们的思想开放程度和文学素养决定的,也就是由一个人不同的理解和接受程度决定的,故选D项。
15. C 推理判断题。作者以设问的方式在文章开篇提出了几个问题,提出为什么人们对于笑话会有不同的反应,然后在下文提出了几个相关的理论进行解释,由此判断作者的写作目的就是解释什么会博得人们的笑声,故选C项。
第二节
【文章大意】 本文主要向学生介绍了一些让学校生活变得更容易和更快乐的建议。
16.C 根据前面所说“Some schools offer team sports that allow you to make friends with your fellow students. Soccer, track and field, basketball and football, can all make school have a little more fun.”可知作者建议参加一些团体类的体育运动并列举了几个,所以C项“所以你可以选择参加一个”承接上文。
17.A 根据后面的“One of the most stressful parts of school can be making sure you have everything you’re supposed to have.”可知,作者建议要使学习需要的物品保持井井有条。故选A。
18.E 根据前面的“The less you have to worry about these little things, the more you’ll be able to focus on and enjoy school.”可知,只有做到把学习需要的物品都准备好,才会使一切变得更简单。E项内容承接了上文内容。
19.F 根据前面的“So even if you’re feeling frustrated or bored in class, you should be nice to your teachers.”可知,只有做到尊敬老师,老师才会更加喜欢你。故选F。
20.G 根据空格前后的句子“Ask for help if you are having trouble in doing homework…Ask for help…Ask your teacher…”可知,作者建议遇到问题要学会寻求帮助,所以选G。
第二部分
第一节
【文章大意】 本文为记叙文。本文讲述作者在放学回家路上,偶然看到凯尔被一些孩子故意撞倒,所以帮他捡起眼镜,从而和他成为好朋友;毕业典礼上凯尔演讲的时候,作者才知道就是自己当时帮助他的一个小小的举动,挽救了凯尔的生命而且激励着他成为出色的人。作者由此得出启示:不要低估了你的一个不起眼的举动的力量,它有时可以改变一个人的一生。
21.C 根据上文“Then some kids ran at him…”可知,一些孩子向他跑过去,把他怀里的书都撞掉了。beat打击,击败; strike袭击;knock敲,撞; put放。故选C。
22.A 根据下文“…so I jogged over and handed him…”可知,作者很同情他。one’s heart goes out to sb同情某人。故选A。
23.A 根据上文“His glasses went flying and landed in the grass.”可知,作者跑过去,帮凯尔捡起了眼镜。 glasses眼镜;wallet钱包; jacket夹克;glove手套。故选A。
24.B 根据上下文可知,星期一早上凯尔又拿着一大堆书。 already已经;again再次; yet但是;once一旦。故选B。
25.D 作者嘲笑他:“天哪,你每天抱这么一堆书,一定会练出一身肌肉的!” character角色;wisdom智慧; friendship友谊;muscle肌肉。故选D。
26.D 根据语境可知,凯尔是作者班里最好的学生,毕业典礼上要发表演讲。 plan计划; joke玩笑;scene场景; speech演讲。故选D。
27.B clear one’s throat“清嗓子”。他清了清嗓子。 break打破;heal治愈;empty清空。故选B。
28.C 毕业之际,你要感谢那些帮助你度过艰难岁月的人。by经由;during在……期间; through通过;among在……中间。故选C。
29.A 成为别人的朋友是你能给他们的最好的礼物。friend朋友;admirer崇拜者; coach教练;hero英雄。故选A。
30.B 根据下文可知,当凯尔谈起他们第一天相遇的事时,作者简直不敢相信。delight高兴; disbelief不相信;shame羞愧; worry担心。故选B。
31.D 凯尔清空了储物柜,因此他妈妈就不用帮他把东西搬回家了。 as if好像;even though尽管;in case以防;so that因此。故选D。
32.C 值得庆幸的是,“我”被救了。eventually最终;suddenly突然;thankfully值得庆幸的是;easily容易地。故选C。
33.D “我”的朋友救了“我”,使“我”免于做那件难以说出口的事。 impossible不可能的; impolite不礼貌的;unforgivable难以忘记的; unspeakable难以说出口的。故选D。
34.C 根据上文凯尔想自杀可知,当这个英俊、受欢迎的男孩告诉人们他最脆弱的时刻时,作者听到人群中有人倒抽了一口气。 proudest最自豪的; bravest最勇敢的; weakest最弱的; angriest最愤怒的。故选C。
35.B 直到那时作者才意识到微笑的深意。magic魔力; depth深度,深奥;power力量; value价值。故选B。
第二节
【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了米凯拉·贝库喜欢打破常规。她研发了一款应用程序来帮助那些需要帮助的人。
36. to wear 考查非谓语动词。当名词前有序数词修饰时,其后常接不定式作后置定语。故填to wear。
37. Inspired 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,句子的主语she与动词inspire之间为被动关系,故用过去分词inspired作状语。
38. which 考查关系代词。分析句子可知,connects前缺少主语,并且指代Tribu,是表示事物的名词,故用which引导该非限制性定语从句。
39. willing 考查形容词。短语be willing to…意为“愿意……”。故填willing。
40. developing 考查非谓语动词。动词spend常用于短语spend time (in) doing sth结构中,故填developing。
41. more 考查副词比较级。根据下文的than可知,此处应为比较结构。故填more。
42. satisfaction 考查词形转换。空处作动词gives的宾语,且so much修饰不可数名词,故填satisfaction。
43. are required 考查动词时态和语态。在as引导的从句中,主语they与require之间为被动关系,且表示的是事实,故填are required。
44. before 考查连词。此处表示在他们毕业前被要求做一定时数的社区服务。故填before。
45. it 考查代词。分析句子可知,此处用it指代上文的the app。
第三部分
第一节
One possible version:
Dear classmates,
I’m writing to express my heartfelt gratitude and show you how much I enjoyed your visits when I suffered the tragic injury.
I clearly remember the days when you came to see me with fragrant flowers and bright smiles. The letters sent to comfort me and the words said to encourage me are also precious. Most importantly, your warm company did guide me out of loneliness during my rest. I am making rapid progress towards full recovery, and apparently I’ll soon join you at school.
Thank you again. I hope someday I can return your love and help.
Sincerely grateful,
Li Hua
第二节
One possible version:
At that point I saw a young mother with her two kids. I thought that a beautiful woman with charming blue eyes must be willing to help me. So, with great expectations, I trotted briskly towards her with an appropriate smile on my face, and requested courteously if she could be kind enough to make a phone call for me. However, what I saw was a woman’s face disfigured by frowns and what I heard was a sound of dismay and suspicion under her breath. Without a word, she pulled her kids to escape from me, as if scared by a murderer. I stood there, motionless, with a blank face and a sinking heart.
Finally a man wearing a cheap T-shirt and dirty jeans seemed to notice me. I squeezed a smile though it failed to mask my weariness, and requested him the same thing. Unexpectedly, he took out his mobile phone for me without hesitation or any probing questions. Dancing in his eyes was the real kindness that I had been struggling to seek for so long. From that day on, I began helping other strangers in distress, just like the poor-looking but kind man, with the aim of passing kindness and melting the ice in many people’s hearts.
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