英语选择性必修第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement同步练习题

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这是一份英语选择性必修第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement同步练习题，共15页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。

单元质量检测(一)　UNIT 1　PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT
第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where is the man now?
A.In bed. B．In the kitchen. C．In the office.
2. How much are the cards all together?
A.10 yuan. B．11 yuan. C．12 yuan.
3. What is the man going to do?
A.He wants the woman to fix his computer.
B.He'll call the woman if the computer is OK.
C.He wants the woman to call him after a week.
4. Where is the man going to spend his holiday?
A.In London. B．In the country. C．In a big city.
5. Can Peter go out tonight?
A.No，not at all. B．Yes，with his mother. C．Yes，if he goes home first.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。
6. What were the students invited to do?
A.To have dinner. B．To take part in a party. C．To attend a meeting.
7. What was the man asked to do at the party?
A.To play the violin. B．To dance with Harry. C．To sing a pop song.
8．Whom did Harry dance with this time?
A.John. B．Rose. C．Jane.
听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。
9．What was the first piece of bad news John told Mary?
A.Tim had caught a bad cold.
B.He played badly in a match.
C.Their class had lost a basketball match.
10．What do you know about Tim from the dialogue?
A.He is often ill. B．He is very good at basketball. C.He is the team leader.
11．What does Miss Green do?
A.She is a student. B．She is a housewife. C．She teaches history.
听第8段材料，回答第12至13题。
12．Where does this conversation take place?
A.At the restaurant. B．At the hotel. C．In the shop.
13．What do we know about the rooms?
A.They are just common. B．They are very good. C．They are bad.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14．What won't the speakers do this weekend?
A.Take a boat to the islands. B．Go to the river. C．See a play.
15．Why does the man suggest phoning the theatre?
A.To book tickets.
B.To check if there will be a play.
C.To check if it is open this weekend.
16．What's the phone number?
A.527－086. B．572－860. C．527－860.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．When did the story take place?
A.In the morning. B．In the afternoon. C．In the evening.
18．What was Harry's problem?
A.Everyone at his school likes him.
B.No one at his school likes him.
C.Some people at his school dislike him.
19．Why didn't Harry want to accept his mother's advice?
A.He thought he was too weak.
B.He thought he was the headmaster.
C.He thought he was too old to change.
20．What have you learned from the text?
A.Harry is a bus driver. B．Harry is a student. C．Harry is a headmaster.
第二部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
You know that classics like LittleWomen and ToKillaMockingbird started as novels. But you probably didn't know that these other famous movies also came from books.
Hidden Figures
This film told the story of reallife Katherine Johnson and other female AfricanAmerican mathematicians who helped drive the United States into space in the 1960s. It was actually based on a 2016 nonfiction book and the movie did increase sales of the book.
Forrest Gump
The 1994 movie which was based on the book by Winston Groom won six Academy Awards, including Best Picture and Best Actor for the star Tom Hanks. Although the movie is critical and boxoffice success gave the book a huge increase, it's the film that made its mark on pop culture history.
The Girl on the Train
Paula Hawkin's psychological thriller, about a woman on a train who thinks she sees something strange out of the window, was a huge success. But unlike the fastpaced, can'tbeputdown quality of the novel, the movie was boring.
Field of Dreams
It's hard to describe the plot of this movie: Ray Kinsella hears a voice telling him to build a baseball field in his Iowa cornfield, and what happens next explores the themes of lost dreams, childhood heroes, and healing the pain of the past. The 1989 movie is loyal to W. P. Kinsella's 1982 original, ShoelessJoe, but cuts out some extra characters.
21．Which is the best choice for a person who loves math?
A.HiddenFigures. B．ForrestGump.
C.TheGirlontheTrain. D．FieldofDreams.
22. Who has won the Academy Award for Best Actor according to the text?
A.Kevin Costner. B．Winston Groom. C．Tom Hanks. D．W. P. Kinsella.
23．What is special about FieldofDreams?
A.It is a romantic comedy. B．It presents several themes.
C.It was released in 1982 for the first time. D．It shows all the figures in ShoelessJoe.
B
Kwame Alexander is a bestselling author of 24 books. His verse novel TheCrossover won the Newbery Medal in 2015, and was followed by another verse novel in 2016, Booked. In ThePlaybook: 52 RulestoAim, Shoot, andScoreinThisGameCalledLife, Alexander aims to inspire readers to dream big and reach for their goals.
TimeforKids (TFK): What can you tell us about ThePlaybook?
Alexander: I wanted to write a book about how important it is to persevere (坚持) and accept the challenges that come, because they only make you stronger. And I wanted to do it in a really cool and fun way, using sports as a metaphor (隐喻), so students would be interested in reading a book that is telling them how to make their lives better.
TFK: Where did you get the idea for the book?
Alexander: In TheCrossover, the father of the main characters, Josh and Jordan, gives them these rules for life, called Basketball Rules. Well, I was having breakfast with a friend of mine in New York City. He said, “Kwame, I love those Basketball Rules you have in TheCrossover. You should think about writing a whole book on those.” That's where it all began.
TFK: Is it hard to mix sports and poetry (诗歌)?
Alexander: I love sports, and I've been writing poetry since I was a kid. So those two things are as natural to me as breathing, laughing and walking.
TFK: You've said teachers need to make learning poetry fun. Did you have a teacher like this when you were a kid?
Alexander: My mum. She read poetry to my sisters and me when I was a kid, and she would make the words jump off the page!
TFK: What advice would you give to young writers?
Alexander: Read everything you can get your hands on. The best way to become a good writer is to read what other people have written.
24．What can we learn about ThePlaybook?
A.It is a historical novel. B．It won the Newbery Medal.
C.It is actually about rules for life. D．It is based on Alexander's true life.
25．Who inspired Alexander to write ThePlaybook?
A.His mum who read poetry to him. B．The teacher who taught him poetry.
C.His friend who read TheCrossover. D．The two characters in TheCrossover.
26．When Alexander was a kid, how did he feel about poetry?
A.It was rather boring. B．It was quite difficult.
C.It was pretty mysterious. D．It was very interesting.
27．In Alexander's mind, what's important to become a good writer?
A.Always dreaming big. B．Gladly accepting challenges.
C.Reading as much as possible. D．Having a wide knowledge of poetry.
C
Tens of thousands of people from around the world threw tons of ripe tomatoes at each other Wednesday in an annual food fight that leaves the eastern Spanish town of Bunol covered in red pulp (酱). More than 40，000 people, including many visitors from Australia, Britain and the United States, merrily took part this year in the food fight known as the “Tomatina”， now in its 64th year, a spokeswoman for Bunol's town hall said.
A rocket fired from the town hall was the signal for start of the event for which local authorities provided 120 tons of tomatoes and participants were covered in pulp and standing ankledeep in red pulp. Many men were shirtless while others wore old clothes, hard hats, goggles or protective plastic sheets. Shopkeepers put up huge plastic covers on their store fronts or boarded them up to protect their properties from the sea of red mush.
After a battle municipal workers and local residents used huge hoses to clear the walls and streets of the tomato pulp in just half an hour while the participants headed to a nearby river where temporary showers were set up.
The event cost the town of some 10，000 residents 28，000 euros (40，000 dollars) to stage, Spanish media reported.
The “Tomatina” is observed each year in Bunol, located in a fertile (肥沃的) region some 40 kilometres north of the coastal city of Valencia, Spain's thirdlargest city, falling on the last Wednesday in August.
The origins of the event are unclear although it is thought to have its roots in a food fight between childhood friends in the mid1940s in the city.
It has grown in size as international press coverage brought more and more people to the festival.
28．What can we know from the first paragraph?
A.Visitors came to watch the Spanish fighting. B．The “Tomatina” takes place every year.
C.Bunol lies in the west of Spain. D．The “Tomatina” is held all over the world.
29．What is the purpose of the second paragraph?
A.To present some details. B．To prove a point.
C.To draw a conclusion. D．To introduce another topic.
30．How did the participants clean themselves after the event?
A.Swimming in the river. B．Going to the river to have a shower.
C.Using running water at home. D．Getting washed in the bathroom.
31．What made the event popular according to the passage?
A.The government. B．The citizens of Bunol.
C.Improvement of economy. D. Media reporting.
D
People have different ways of dealing with a common cold. Some take over the counter medicines such as aspirin while others try popular home remedies (治疗) like herbal tea or chicken soup. Yet here is the tough truth about the common cold: nothing really cures it.
So why do people sometimes believe that their remedies work? According to James Taylor, professor at the University of Washington, colds usually go away on their own in about a week, improving a little each day after symptoms peak, so it's easy to believe it's medicine rather than time that deserves the credit, USAToday reported.
It still seems hard to believe that we can deal with more serious diseases yet are powerless against something so common as a cold. Recently, scientists came closer to figure out why. To understand it, you first need to know how antiviral drugs work. They attack the virus by attaching to and changing the surface structures of the virus. To do that, the drug must fit and lock into the virus like the right piece of a jigsaw (拼图), which means scientists have to identify the virus and build a 3D model to study its surface before they can design an antiviral drug that is effective enough.
The two cold viruses that scientists had long known about were rhinovirus (鼻病毒) A and B. But they didn't find out about the existence of a third virus, rhinovirus C, until 2006. All three of them contribute to the common cold, but drugs that work well against rhinovirus A and B have little effect when used against rhinovirus C．
“This explains most of the previous failures of drug trials against rhinoviruses，” study leader Professor Ann C. Palmenberg at the University of Wiscons in Madison, US, told ScienceDaily.
Now, more than 10 years after the discovery of rhinovirus C, scientists have finally built a highly detailed 3D model of the virus, showing that the surface of the virus is, as expected, different from that of other cold viruses.
With the model in hand, hopefully a real cure for a common cold is on its way. Soon, we may no longer have to waste our money on medicines that don't really work.
32．What does the author think of popular remedies for a common cold?
A.They are quite effective. B．They are slightly helpful.
C.They actually have no effect. D．They still need to be improved.
33．How do antiviral drugs work?
A.By breaking up cold viruses directly.
B.By changing the surface structures of the cold viruses.
C.By preventing colds from developing into serious diseases.
D.By absorbing different kinds of cold viruses at the same time.
34．What can we infer from the passage?
A.The surface of cold viruses looks quite similar.
B.Scientists have already found a cure for the common cold.
C.Knowing the structure of cold viruses is the key to developing an effective cure.
D.Scientists were not aware of the existence of rhinovirus C until recently.
35．What is the best title for this passage?
A.Drugs Against Cold Viruses B．Helpful Home Remedies
C.Research on Cold Viruses D. No Current Cure for Common Cold

第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Human's Greatest Achievements
The Earth is 4.5 billion years old, but the human race has lived on it for just 200，000 years. In that short time, we have achieved amazing things.
__36__ The list is almost endless. The invention of the airplane has changed our lives. The discovery of antibiotics has saved the lives of millions of people. Can you imagine living without electricity? What about the printing press? Without the printing press, you wouldn't be reading this. In the last 50 years, there have been great achievements in communication, such as radio, TV, computers, the Internet, and smartphones. __37__
What about the arts? The arts have brought pleasure to many people, but are the Beatles and Bach more important than antibiotics? __38__
Finally, we must not forget humans' early achievements. __39__ We can't imagine modern life without cooked food and cars.
What are humans' greatest achievements? To answer the question, we need to decide what we mean by “great”. __40__ Or is it just something that makes us say “Wow” like the Great Wall? What do you think?
A．Do you think it is difficult to have great achievements?
B．Is it something that makes us rich or happy or save lives?
C．We enjoy these things every day because they are free to use.
D．They used fire for cooking and heating and invented the wheel.
E．Many of humans' great achievements are in science and technology.
F．And is Mickey Mouse as important an achievement as going to space?
G．We could probably live without them, but life wouldn't be as interesting.
第三部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A series of severe thunder storms struck our area recently. Heavy rains, strong winds, and lots of lightening had __41__ flash flooding and even swept down trees. I had spent the afternoon __42__ branches out of my yard. Then just before I was getting ready to take my dogs for their last walk of the day the __43__ came on my television and over my phone that another storm was__44__.
I quickly took my dogs outside. Huge and __45__ clouds were rolling in while thunder __46__ over the hills. Despite this, I knew that the stars were shining and the moon was smiling up __47__ but I just couldn't see them. The blink of light, up high, at the far end of the meadow (草坪) might hide behind my house. I smiled. It amazed me how far their light __48__ in the darkness of the night and how they didn't seem __49__ at all by the approaching storm. I felt that the __50__ no longer seemed so scary and that my fear had been replaced with relief and joy.
Life does have its share of storms, some caused by __51__ and some caused by us. We can't go through life being scared of them, __52__. We are here to shine our light. We are here to share our love. We are bound to ride through the __53__， clean up after them, and make this world a better place. Light may seem tiny but you will be __54__ at how far it can be seen and how easily it can __55__ the dark away.
41．A.reserved B．caused C．witnessed D．indicated
42. A．cutting down B．throwing up C．picking up D．looking for
43．A.expectations B．details C．signals D．warnings
44．A.heading our way B．coming to mind C．coming into effect D．taking its place
45．A.constant B．unpleasant C．temporary D．normal
46．A.disappeared B．mattered C．changed D．boomed
47．A.anywhere B．outdoors C．somewhere D．indoors
48．A.shone B．circled C．swept D．traveled
49．A.bothered B．followed C．targeted D．allocated
50．A.result B．trick C．darkness D．battle
51．A.nature B．society C．design D．chance
52．A.instead B．therefore C．though D．somehow
53．A.match B．present C．thoughts D．storms
54．A.amazed B．concerned C．upset D．good
55．A.give B．put C．drive D．send
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
After winning a precious silver medal at the 2006 Turin(都灵)Winter Olympics, pairs skater Zhang Dan became a household name in China and 56.________ (continue)to work in the sport since retiring from competition.
With the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics 57.________ (draw)near, the country is starting 58.________ exciting new era in its winter sports journey, of which Zhang Dan feels surely proud.
“59.________ (final), this year, we have this wonderful opportunity 60.________ (host)the Beijing Winter Olympics. As a part of the Chinese ice and snow sports community, I'm so proud and excited to welcome the 61.________ (arrive)of Beijing 2022. I have witnessed China's winter sports go from strength to strength through the years，” said Zhang Dan.
The most memorable moment of Zhang Dan's career could 62.________ (consider)a perfect representation of the Olympic spirit.
Partnering with Zhang Hao at the 2006 Turin Games, Zhang Dan injured 63.________ (she)in a fall as the pair narrowly failed to do a quadruple salchow (四周抛跳), a jump 64.________ had never before been landed in competition. Rather than quitting, however, Zhang Dan skated through the pain to finish the program and won the silver medal.
Zhang Dan notes that experience has had a huge influence 65.________ her life, encouraging her to “be braver and directly face any difficulties with that Olympic spirit”. Now she hopes her story can inspire China's young athletes at Beijing 2022.
第四部分　写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
你校英文读书会举办五四青年节“致青春”主题演讲活动，请你写一份发言稿，内容包括：
1. 介绍一位励志人物；
2. 描述他/她对你的影响。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
The Person Who Has Influenced Me Most
There are many people helping us during our lives.________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Last week, as I was having breakfast in my truck, I noticed a boy, sitting by the road with his dog. He was holding a sign asking for money or food to help feed him and his dog. People drove past ignoring them.
When I finished my breakfast, I decided to buy some food for them. As I was leaving, I pulled up beside him and handed him a bag of breakfast and a small bag of dog food. I asked him if he would be willing to work hard for the pay. He immediately said that he could be the hardest worker I had ever seen.
The next day he carried wood around and fetched tools for me all day without complaining once. His dog simply followed him. During the day I learned about his sad experiences. When the boy was 15 years old, his mother became critically ill. His father, who took care of the boy's mother, could not go out to work, and the poor boy had to drop out of school because of being unable to afford his school tuition. Being too young, he failed to find a job. He had to beg near his home to help his parents.
A month later, I paid him $2，000, the look on his face was well worth it. My aimless act of kindness seemed to put spark (活力) back in his eyes.
注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
After that I continued to offer him some work and pay him.________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Tears of joy flooded the boy's eyes.________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

单元质量检测(一)　UNIT 1　
PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT
第一部分
听力材料：
Text 1
W: If you don't get up soon，you'll be late for work.
M: I'm not getting up today. I'm going to enjoy lying here.
Text 2
M: I'd like to buy these 6 New Year's cards. Are they two yuan each?
W: Five of them are，but the smaller one is only one yuan.
Text 3
W: How long will it take you to fix my computer?
M: I'll ring you when it's ready，but it shouldn't take longer than a week.
Text 4
W: It is said that you are going to spend your holiday in London this year.
M: No , anywhere but London. In fact, I feel like seeing the country life. Not a crowded and noisy capital.
Text 5
W: Let's go to the movies tonight，Peter.
'M: I'd like to，but Mother wants me to go home first, then I can go.
Text 6
W: Were you invited to the party last Saturday?
M: Yes，that's right.
W: How many of you were invited there?
M: Five. John, Jane, Rose, Harry and me.
W: Was Rose asked to do anything?
M: Yes, of course. She was asked to sing a pop song.
W: Were you and Harry asked to dance?
M: No. Harry didn't dance with me this time. He was asked to dance with Jane.
W: Then what were you asked to do?
M: I was asked to play the violin.
Text 7
W: Hello，John.
M: Hi，Mary. I've got some bad news.
W: Yes?
M: Our class lost the basketball match yesterday.
W: Oh, really? What was the score?
M: 32 to 15.
W: Impossible. You didn't play well?
M: Tim didn't come. He had a fever.
W: No wonder. It doesn't matter. They were only lucky. I'm sure we will win next time.
M: And there is something else.
W: What?
M: Miss Green is leaving. She's getting married and will live with her husband in London.
W: That's really bad news. I enjoy her lessons so much. Then we are going to have a new history teacher.
Text 8
M: Here's your room, madam.
W: Thank you. Oh，what a nice，large room!
M: Yes. All the rooms here at the hotel are quite large. And the rooms on this side of the building have a lovely view.
W: You're right. This view is wonderful!
M: Our rooms also have telephones, TV sets and radios and you are free to use them.
W: Oh, that's wonderful. Thank you very much.
M: If you have something you can call me any time.
W: I see. Thank you for your help.
M: It's my pleasure.
Text 9
W: What shall we do this weekend?
M: I don't know. I just want to stay at home and do some reading. It has been a busy week. What would you like to do?
W: Let's take a boat to the islands. We can have a picnic and go swimming.
M: It's a long way. Besides, the water is quite cool these days. I don't really want to do that.
W: Let's go to the Stratford then. We can spend the day by the river，and in the evening we can go and see a play.
M: That sounds a better idea. Let's phone the theatre and book our tickets.
W: What's the phone number?
M: It's 527－860.
Text 10
Harry came to his mother one morning while she was having her breakfast，and said to her, “No one at my school likes me, Mother. The teachers don't, and the children don't. Even the cleaners and the bus drivers hate me.”
“Well, Harry，” his mother answered, “Perhaps you aren't very nice to them. If a few people don't like a person, he or she may not be responsible for that. But if a lot of people don't, there is usually something wrong, and that person really needs to change.”
“I'm too old to change，” Harry said, “I don't want to go to school.”
“Don't be silly, Harry，” his mother said, going to the garage to get the car out. “You have to go. You're quite well, and you still have a lot of things to learn. And besides that you're headmaster of the school.”
答案：
1～5　ABBBC　6～10　BACCB　11～15　CBBAA
16～20　CABCC
第二部分
第一节
A
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍四部由经典小说改编的电影。
21．答案与解析：A　细节理解题。从HiddenFigures部分中的“the story of reallife Katherine Johnson and other female AfricanAmerican mathematicians”可以得出答案。
22．答案与解析：C　细节理解题。从ForrestGump部分中的“including Best Picture and Best Actor for the star Tom Hanks”可以得出答案。
23．答案与解析：B　推理判断题。从FieldofDreams部分中的“what happens next explores the themes of lost dreams, childhood heroes, and healing the pain of the past”可以推断出这个电影同时探讨了多个主题。
B
【语篇解读】　本文通过采访一位作家及谈论他的作品，激励读者怀揣梦想，实现他们的目标。
24．答案与解析：C　细节理解题。通过审题得知ThePlaybook是关键词，根据第一段中的“ThePlaybook: 52 RulestoAim, Shoot, andScoreinThisGameCalledLife”及第五段中的“the father of the main characters, Josh and Jordan, gives them these rules for life, called Basketball Rules”可知，这本书实际上与生活准则有关。故选C项。
25．答案与解析：C　细节理解题。题目中的关键词为inspired, 根据第五段中的“...I was having breakfast with a friend of mine in New York City. He said, ‘Kwame, I love those Basketball Rules you have in TheCrossover. You should think about writing a whole book on those.’ That's where it all began.”可知，亚历山大写这本书的灵感来自一位读过他的书的朋友。故选C项。
26．答案与解析：D　推理判断题。根据文章倒数第三段中的“She read poetry to my sisters and me when I was a kid, and she would make the words jump off the page！”可知，亚历山大认为他的母亲让诗句活灵活现。再根据倒数第四段中的“You've said teachers need to make learning poetry fun.”可推知，亚历山大觉得诗歌很有趣。故选D项。
27．答案与解析：C　推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知，亚历山大建议读者读一切可以获得的读物。他认为成为一名好作家的最好方式就是阅读别人已经写出的作品。由此可推知，尽可能多阅读对成为一名好的作家来说很重要。故选C项。
C
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在西班牙东部的布尼奥尔小镇一年一度举行的民间传统节日——番茄节。
28．答案与解析：B　细节理解题。根据第一段“Tens of thousands of people from around the world threw tons of ripe tomatoes at each other Wednesday in an annual food fight that leaves the eastern Spanish town of Bunol covered in red pulp.”可知，番茄节每年都会举行。故选B项。
29．答案与解析：A　目的意图题。第二段提到，从市政厅发射的火箭是活动开始的信号，当地政府为活动提供了120吨西红柿，参与者被果肉覆盖，脚踝深埋在红色果肉中。许多男人赤膊上阵，而其他人则穿着旧衣服、安全帽、护目镜或保护性塑料布。由此可知，本段的目的是展示番茄节的一些具体细节。
30．答案与解析：B　细节理解题。根据第三段“...while the participants headed to a nearby river where temporary showers were set up.”可知，参与者去附近的河流洗澡，以自我清洁。故选B项。
31．答案与解析：D　细节理解题。根据最后一段“It has grown in size as international press coverage brought more and more people to the festival.”可知，媒体报道使得参与人数越来越多，节日越来越受欢迎。故选D项。
D
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了目前没有真正能治愈普通感冒的事实，从科学角度解释了原因，并且介绍了一种可能真正治愈普通感冒的模型。也许，人们很快就会有治愈感冒的方法。
32．答案与解析：C　推理判断题。根据文章第一段的“Yet here is the tough truth about the common cold: nothing really cures it.”可知，关于普通感冒有一个残酷的事实：没有什么方法能真正治愈它。由此推测，作者认为普通感冒的流行疗法没有效果。
33．答案与解析：B　细节理解题。根据第三段的“They attack the virus by attaching to and changing the surface structures of the virus” 可知，它们通过附着和改变病毒的表面结构来攻击病毒。由此可知，抗病毒药物通过改变感冒病毒的表面结构起作用，故选B项。
34．答案与解析：C　推理判断题。根据第三段表述可知，了解感冒病毒的结构是开发有效治疗方法的关键，故选C项。
35．答案与解析：D　主旨大意题。统览全文内容，尤其第一段的“Yet here is the tough truth about the common cold: nothing really cures it”可知，文章主要介绍了目前没有真正能治愈普通感冒的事实，解释了其科学原因，并介绍了一种可能真正治愈普通感冒的模型。故D项“目前还没有治愈普通感冒的方法”可概括文章大意。
第二节
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。地球已经有45亿年的历史了，但人类只在上面生活了20万年。在这短短的时间里，我们取得了惊人的成就。文章主要就人类科技方面的成就和这些成就的意义展开论述。
36．答案与解析：E　下文主要列举了一些科技方面的伟大发明，故E选项“许多人类的伟大成就都是在科学和技术方面。”符合语境，下文是对该选项的举例说明。故选E。
37．答案与解析：G　上文提到了通信领域的一些巨大成就，本句为本段最后一句，应该承接上文继续说明这些发明对人们生活的影响，G选项中的them指代上一句中的great achievements。故G选项“没有它们我们可能也能生活，但生活就不会那么有趣了。”符合语境，故选G。
38．答案与解析：F　上文通过设问句将艺术方面的成就和科学技术方面的成就进行了对比，本句为本段最后一句，应该承接上文继续采用设问句进行这种比较。故F选项“米老鼠和进入太空的成就一样重要吗？”符合语境，故选F。
39．答案与解析：D　上文提到人类早期的成就，故本句应该承接上文举例说明人类的早期成就有哪些，D选项中的They指代上一句中的humans。故D选项“他们用火做饭和取暖，并发明了轮子。”符合语境，且下一句也与该选项相呼应。故选D。
40．答案与解析：B　上文提到了对“伟大”的定义，故本句应该承接上文继续说明如何定义“伟大”。故B选项“它是某种让我们变得富有、快乐或拯救生命的东西吗？”符合语境，且下一句也与该选项相呼应。故选B。
第三部分
第一节
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者在经历暴风雨时的感悟。
41．答案与解析：B　句意：大雨、强风和多次闪电成了暴洪，甚至刮倒了树木。结合常识和“Heavy rains, strong winds”和“flash flooding”的关系可推知，大雨和强风引发了洪水。故选B项。
42．答案与解析：C　句意：我花了一下午的时间把树枝捡到院子外面。cut down砍倒；throw up呕吐；pick up捡起；look for寻找。根据句中“and even swept down trees”、“out of my yard”可知，院子里有很多树枝，作者将它们捡起并放在院子外面。故选C项。
43．答案与解析：D　此处表示就在作者准备带着狗出去的时候，电视和手机上出现了另一场暴风雨袭来的警告。根据句中“that another storm was__44____”可知，关于另一场暴风雨的警告来了。故选D项。
44．答案与解析：A　根据下段中“I quickly took my dogs outside. Huge and__45____clouds were rolling in while thunder__46____over the hills.”可知，另一场暴风雨已经在路上了。故选A项。
45．答案与解析：A　句意：连绵不断的乌云滚滚而来，雷声在山上轰鸣。根据句中“Huge”及“rolling in”可知，大片乌云连绵不断地滚滚而来。故选A项。
46．答案与解析：D　disappeared消失；mattered要紧；changed改变；boomed轰鸣。根据“while thunder__46____over the hills”可知，雷声在山上轰鸣。故选D项。
47．答案与解析：C　句意：尽管如此，我知道星星在闪烁，月亮在某处微笑，但我就是看不见它们。根据句中“but I just couldn't see them”可知，作者知道星星在看不见的某处闪烁着。故选C项。
48．答案与解析：D　句意：令我惊讶的是，它们的光在黑夜中传播了很远，似乎对即将到来的暴风雨毫不在意。结合常识和句中“how far their light”和“in the darkness”可推知，星星和月亮的光芒在黑暗中传播了很远。故选D项。
49．答案与解析：A　句意同上。根据上文“The blink of light, up high, at the far end of the meadow (草坪)”可知，星星和月亮的光芒依旧闪烁着，没有受到正在靠近的暴风雨的打扰。故选A项。
50．答案与解析：C　句意：我觉得黑暗似乎不再那么可怕，我的恐惧已经被轻松和快乐所取代。根据前文和句中“no longer seemed so scary”可知，有星星和月亮的光芒，作者觉得黑暗似乎不那么可怕了。故选C项。
51．答案与解析：A　结合常识和句中“some caused by us”可知，生活中的一些“暴风雨”是自然产生的，一些是人为造成的。故选A项。
52．答案与解析：C　根据上文“Life does have its share of storms”和句中“We can't go through life being scared of them”可知，生活中的确有“暴风雨”，但我们不能被它们吓到，上下文有转折关系。故选C项。
53．答案与解析：D　句意：我们一定会渡过风暴，在暴风雨过后清理干净，让这个世界变得更好。根据“ride through the__53__， clean up after them”可知，them指代storms，故选D项。
54．答案与解析：A　根据第二段中“It amazed me how far their light__48__in the darkness of the night”可知，我们和作者一样，会对光所能传播的距离感到惊叹。故选A项。
55．答案与解析：C　结合上文可知，星星和月亮的光芒让作者觉得黑暗似乎不那么可怕了，所以光芒能够驱散黑暗。故选C项。
第二节
【语篇解读】　本文属于新闻采访，讲述的中国滑冰选手张丹的故事和她对于2022冬奥会的期许和展望。
56．答案与解析：has continued　考查动词的时态和语态。根据下文的“since retiring from competition”可以推断出此处应该使用现在完成时。
57．答案与解析：drawing　考查非谓语动词。with复合结构当中，drawing near充当宾补。
58．答案与解析：an　考查冠词。开启了一个令人激动的新时代，后面紧接的是exciting，故填an。
59．答案与解析：Finally　考查副词。根据句意可知此处应用副词Finally。
60．答案与解析：to host　考查非谓语动词。此处用不定式作后置定语。
61．答案与解析：arrival　考查名词。arrival充当welcome的宾语。
62．答案与解析：be considered　考查被动语态。主语是“The most memorable moment of Zhang Dan's career”，和consider构成动宾关系，根据句意应是“被认为”。
63．答案与解析：herself　考查代词。主语是张丹，所以使用反身代词。
64．答案与解析：which/that　考查定语从句。同位语a jump后接了一个定语从句，对上文提到的四周抛跳进行解释说明。
65．答案与解析：on　考查介词。固定搭配have a huge influence on sb./sth.。
第四部分
第一节
The Person Who Has Influenced Me Most
Therearemanypeoplehelpingusduringourlives. The person who affects me most is my English teacher, Ms. Black.
I didn't learn English in my primary school. Then my parents moved to a big city and I had to study in a middle school of the city. At first, I felt lonely. I did badly in my study especially English. Then, Ms. Black encouraged me to try my best. She often helped me with my English after class. She also asked other students to get on well with me. Finally, I became a good student in that school.
I often share my experience with others. She makes me know that nothing is impossible if you put your heart into it.
第二节
AfterthatIcontinuedtoofferhimsomeworkandpayhim. The boy still worked very hard. Even though he was assigned a very difficult job, he would not complain at all. Gradually, the boy became more active. One morning, the boy walked up to me very happily, telling me that his mother was getting better and his father could go out to work. Besides, he earned enough money to pay his tuition. He could finally go back to school.
Tearsofjoyfloodedtheboy'seyes. Saying thanks, he threw himself into my arms and gave me a big hug. He sincerely said that without my help, he would not have the opportunity to study in school again. He promised to study hard in the future. If he had the opportunity, he would help people in need like me. I knew that a little kindness would also have a great impact.