高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement巩固练习

这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement巩固练习，共17页。试卷主要包含了5分,满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。

第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Yu prbably knw wh Marie Curie was,but yu may nt have heard f Rachel Carsn.Of the utstanding ladies listed belw,wh d yu think was the mst imprtant wman f the past 100 years?
Jane Addams(1860-1935)
Anyne wh has ever been helped by a scial wrker has Jane Addams t thank.Addams helped the pr and wrked fr peace.She encuraged a sense f cmmunity(社区) by creating shelters and prmting educatin and services fr peple in need.In 1931,Addams became the first American wman t win the Nbel Peace Prize.
Rachel Carsn(1907-1964)
If it weren’t fr Rachel Carsn,the envirnmental mvement might nt exist tday.Her ppular 1962 bk Silent Spring raised awareness f the dangers f pllutin and the harmful effects f chemicals n humans and n the wrld’s lakes and ceans.
Sandra Day O’Cnnr(1930-present)
When Sandra Day O’Cnnr finished third in her class at Stanfrd Law Schl,in 1952,she culd nt find wrk at a law firm because she was a wman.She became an Arizna state senatr(参议员) and,in 1981,the first wman t jin the US Supreme Curt.O’Cnnr gave the deciding vte in many imprtant cases during her 24 years n the tp curt.
Rsa Parks(1913-2005)
On 1 December 1955,in Mntgmery,Alabama,Rsa Parks wuld nt give up her seat n a bus t a white passenger.Her simple act landed Parks in prisn.But it als set ff the Mntgmery bus byctt.It lasted fr mre than a year,and kicked ff the civil-rights mvement.“The nly tired I was,was tired f giving in,” said Parks.
1.What is Jane Addams nted fr in histry?
A.Her scial wrk.
B.Her teaching skills.
C.Her effrts t win a prize.
D.Her cmmunity backgrund.
答案A
解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Anyne wh has ever been helped by a scial wrker has Jane Addams t thank.”可知,任何曾经得到社会工作者帮助的人都要感谢Jane Addams,由此推知,她在历史上以社会工作者而闻名。故选A项。
2.What was the reasn fr O’Cnnr’s being rejected by the law firm?
A.Her lack f prper training in law.
B.Her little wrk experience in curt.
C.The discriminatin against wmen.
D.The pr financial cnditins.
答案C
解析细节理解题。根据第四段中的“ culd nt find wrk at a law firm because she was a wman.”可知,她没能在法律事务所找到工作是因为她是一名女性,这是对于女性的歧视。故选C项。
3.Wh made a great cntributin t the civil-rights mvement in the US?
A.Jane Addams. B.Rachel Carsn.
C.Sandra Day O’Cnnr.D.Rsa Parks.
答案D
解析细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“ kicked ff the civil-rights mvement.”可知,Rsa Parks对民权运动做出了贡献。故选D项。
B
I always feel srry fr wrld leaders busy dealing with fights between natins.When my three children were yung,mst days it was hard t keep my huse frm becming a battlefield.
It gt wrse as they grew lder.Three years ag,Zack,then 16,culdn’t make it thrugh a day withut making his sisters,Alex 11 and Taryn 9,angry.
My husband and I tried t be understanding the by at such an age.We reasned,punished,and left heartfelt ntes n his bed abut hw he was hurting ur family.His answer was “I say it because it’s true.”
I even tried telling the girls t fight back.Bad idea.Nw I had three children at war.Whatever I said t them,they paid n attentin.When there was n way ut,I tld everything t my sister,Mary,in an email.She replied,“Dn’t email me.Email him.”
Our sn was nline every day,mailing and talking with his friends.Maybe he wuld actually hear me this way.I didn’t say anything different,but email just tk the tensin away.There’d be n shuting r dr banging.Zack wuldn’t feel under attack.
Zack didn’t reply fr days.When he finally did,his entire message was fur small wrds.I smiled when I read them:“Yu’re right.I’m srry.”
The children still fught,f curse,but Zack changed.Best f all,I nw have a better way t talk with nt ne but three f them.I like it that they dn’t tune me ut as much as they used t.They like nt having t listen t me shuting t them.Or as Alex says,“Yu’re s much nicer nline.”
All I knw is that the huse is quiet.But we’re talking.
4.What was the truble befre the nline talk in the family?
A.The children culdn’t get alng peacefully.
B.The writer failed t understand her daughters.
C.The family fund it difficult t keep the huse clean.
D.The parents were nt willing t talk with their children.
答案A
解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Three years ag,Zack,then 16,culdn’t make it thrugh a day withut making his sisters,Alex 11 and Taryn 9,angry.”可知,在作者给儿子发邮件之前的日子里,孩子们不能和平相处。故选A项。
5.The writer emailed her sister .
A.t escape frm the prblem
B.hping she’d email the by
C.t tell her abut the family prblem
D.asking abut child-raising
答案C
解析细节理解题。根据第四段中的“When there was n way ut,I tld everything t my sister,Mary,in an email.”可知,作者在没有办法解决的情况下,给姐姐发了邮件说这个问题。故选C项。
6.The underlined phrase “tune me ut” in the passage prbably means “ ”.
A.pay n attentin t me
B.get angry with me
C.quarrel with me
D.keep me ut f their rms
答案A
解析词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“Whatever I said t them,they paid n attentin.”可知,在以前孩子们不理会作者说的话,再根据画线词后的“as much as they used t”可知,本句意思是作者喜欢孩子们不像以前那样忽视她。故选A项。
7.Why des the writer feel srry fr wrld leaders busy dealing with fights between natins?
A.Because she desn’t think the leaders are successful.
B.Because she desn’t think fights can be stpped.
C.Because she has nthing t d with the leaders.
D.Because she can understand that the leaders’ jb is hard.
答案D
解析推理判断题。根据第一段中的“When my three children were yung,mst days it was hard t keep my huse frm becming a battlefield.”可知,作者之所以理解国家领导人的难处,是因为她难以处理孩子们之间的矛盾。故选D项。
C
When Albert Einstein was yung,he was a quiet child wh spent much f his time alne.He was slw t talk and had difficulty in learning t read.
When Albert was five years ld,his father gave him a cmpass.Albert was filled with wnder when he discvered that the cmpass needle always pinted in the same directin—the nrth.He asked his father and his uncle what caused the needle t mve.Their answers were difficult fr Albert t understand.Yet he spent a lt f time thinking abut them.He said later that he felt smething must be hidden behind things.
Albert didn’t like schl.The German schls f that time were nt pleasant.Students culdn’t ask questins.Albert said he felt as if he were in prisn.
One day Albert tld his uncle Jacb hw much he hated schl,especially mathematics.His uncle tld him t slve mathematical prblems by pretending t be a pliceman.“Yu are lking fr smene,” he said,“but yu dn’t knw wh he is.Call him ×.Find him by using yur mathematical tls.”
Albert learnt t lve mathematics.He was studying the cmplex mathematics f calculus(微积分) while all his friends were still studying simple mathematics.Instead f playing with his friends he thught abut things such as “What wuld happen if peple culd travel at the speed f light?”
Albert wanted t teach mathematics and physics.He graduated with hnurs,but it was a pity that he culd nt get a teaching jb.
8.Accrding t paragraph 2,we can learn that Albert Einstein .
A.was interested in the cmpass
B.wanted t be a great scientist
C.was nt clever enugh
D.didn’t like thinking by himself
答案A
解析推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Albert was filled with wnder when he discvered that the cmpass needle always pinted in the same directin—the nrth.”可知,爱因斯坦对指南针很感兴趣。故选A项。
9.Why did Albert Einstein hate schl?
A.He culdn’t play with his friends there.
B.Students were nt allwed t ask questins.
C.The schls were like prisns at that time.
D.He had t learn mathematics that he didn’t like.
答案B
解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The German schls f that time were nt pleasant.Students culdn’t ask questins.”可知,德国学校不允许学生问问题,因此,爱因斯坦不喜欢学校。故选B项。
10.What des the underlined wrd “cmplex” prbably mean?
A.Useful. B.Difficult.
C.Bring.D.Interesting.
答案B
解析词义猜测题。根据本句“He was studying the cmplex mathematics f calculus while all his friends were still studying simple mathematics.”说明该词与simple是反义词。difficult“困难的”符合语境。故选B项。
11.We can learn frm the passage that .
A.Einstein became a mathematics teacher after graduatin
B.Einstein gradually lved mathematics with his uncle’s help
C.Einstein’s uncle was a pliceman
D.Einstein liked playing with ther children
答案B
解析推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二、三段内容可知他的叔叔教他如何学习数学,他是在叔叔的影响下喜欢上数学的。故选B项。
D
If yur jb requires a lt f sitting,yu culd be putting yur health at danger.
The American Jurnal f Epidemilgy(流行病学) did a study in 2010 n the crrelatin(关联) between sitting and an individual’s physical health.In the study,53,440 wrking men and 69,776 wrking wmen were surveyed n their time spent sitting.The subjects were all disease free when emplyed.The researchers identified 11,307 deaths in men and 7,923 deaths in wmen during the 14-year fllw-up.
The findings:Wmen wh reprted sitting fr mre than six hurs per day had an apprximately 40 higher all-cause death rate than thse wh reprted less than three hurs a day,and men had an apprximately 20 higher death rate.
Well,nw’s a fine time t get this infrmatin.But why didn’t they tell me this years ag?I wuld have planned n taking a mre active jb instead f the sedentary(需要久坐的) jb f an editr.
S what can yu d if yu have t wrk fr a living at a jb that requires a lt f sitting?Here are sme ideas:
First,take frequent breaks.It is recmmended that wrkers vary activities,change their psitin,and take shrt breaks every 20 minutes t rest muscles and increase bld circulatin.Secnd,get a standing desk.Sme studies have shwn that wrking frm an upright psitin may be better fr health.The serius fitness peple can even purchase a treadmill(跑步机) desk.It nly ges abut ne mile per hur.Third,have a walking meeting.If yur grup is kind f small,ging fr a walk while discussing tpics is a gd alternative.
12.Accrding t the text,the study in 2010 .
A.fund men reprting shrter sitting time than wmen
B.surveyed mre men than wmen n their daily sitting time
C.identified fewer deaths in men than in wmen during the 14-year fllw-up
D.discvered crrelatin between sitting and physical health in men and in wmen
答案D
解析细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“The American Jurnal f Epidemilgy did a study in 2010 n the crrelatin between sitting and an individual’s physical health.”可知,《美国流行病学杂志》在2010年做了一个关于久坐和个人身体健康关联的研究调查。故选D项。
13.We can infer frm the text that the authr did nt recmmend .
A.using a standing desk
B.resting ne’s muscles
C.quitting sedentary jbs
D.taking a walk while discussing
答案C
解析推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,作者建议那些长时间坐着工作的人使用立式办公桌,放松肌肉或者边走边讨论,并没有提到放弃久坐不动的工作。故选C项。
14.What des the underlined wrd “subjects” in paragraph 2 mean?
A.Things being discussed.
B.Peple being studied.
C.Areas f knwledge being learned.
D.Objects being painted.
答案B
解析词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“In the study,53,440 wrking men and 69,776 wrking wmen were surveyed n their time spent sitting.”可知,该研究对53,440个男员工和69,776个女员工坐着的时间进行了调查,发现这些人在受雇时均无疾病。由此可知画线词词义为“被调查的人”。故选B项。
15.What is the main idea f the text?
A.Yur lng-sitting jb culd be killing yu.
B.Wrking ut leads t health risks.
C.Lng-time sitting is psitively assciated with health.
D.A study n sitting time and physical health was cmpleted.
答案A
解析主旨大意题。通读全文,特别是根据第二段中的“The American Jurnal f Epidemilgy did a study in 2010 n the crrelatin between sitting and an individual’s physical health.”以及第三段的研究结果可知,本文主要介绍的是《美国流行病学杂志》的一项研究表明,工作时久坐对我们的身体健康有不利影响。故选A项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The mst successful peple all have certain habits in their daily rutines.These habits help cntribute t their success.Frming a new gd habit can be a struggle,but it is well wrth the effrt. 16
Set yur gal.
Befre yu can begin t wrk n yur new habit,it is wrthwhile t cnsider yur gal. 17 Make sure that yur gal is specific,measurable and realistic t increase yur chances f success.
18
Chsing the habits that are mst likely t help yu achieve yur gal is imprtant.After yu have set yur gal and wrked ut all the specifics f achieving that gal,identify a habit that is part f achieving that gal.Cnsider what gd habit wuld help yu accmplish that gal.
Cnsider yur mtivatin.
Once yu have identified yur gal and the new habit yu need t accmplish this gal,take sme time t cnsider yur mtivatin. 19 Gd mtivatin can be the difference between success and failure in terms f frming a new habit.S take yur time t cnsider yur mtivatin.
Give yurself time.
Frming a new habit can take a lng time.Sme peple can frm a new habit in as little as a few weeks,while ther peple will take several mnths.As yu wrk t frm yur new habit,just keep in mind that it may be a while befre it cmes true. 20
A.Identify ways t achieve gals.
B.Find the habit yu want t frm.
C.Gd habits are sure t make yu a success.
D.Here are the fur steps yu can fllw t frm gd habits.
E.Figure ut exactly what yu hpe t accmplish.
F.Try t be patient with yurself as yu frm yur new habit.
G.Yur mtivatin is the reasn yu want t frm this new habit.
答案16~20 DEBGF
第二部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
An English man is being praised fr his act f kindness.He 21 an expensive bike fr ￡80 nly s he culd return it t its 22 wner.
26-year-ld Burke was abut t leave the 23 after finishing his rutine physical exercises when he was 24 by three men asking if he wanted t buy a bike.Burke was immediately 25 f its rigin since they were trying t sell the ￡1,350 bike fr ￡80.Apart frm that,he 26 there was a bike lck still 27 t the rear wheel(后轮).
After Burke gt the bike,he psted a pht f it n scial media t 28 its wner.Within hurs,Burke was 29 by the bike’s wner n the phne,whse huse had been burgled(入室盗窃).The man’s 30 fr its return was beynd wrds.He tried t 31 the mney t Burke,but Burke refused,telling 32 that he “didn’t feel right taking mney frm the unfrtunate man.”
Burke has since been reprted by scial media fr his “heric” deed,althugh he 33 that he did nt return the bike fr media attentin. 34 ,Burke was delighted t receive the nline 35 t his hnesty.
B.purchased
C.sldD.brrwed
答案B
解析设空处与第三段中“After Burke gt the bike... ”的“gt”在语义范畴上一致,表示“购买”。rent“出租,租用”;purchase“购买”;sell“出售”;brrw“借”。故选B项。
B.desperate
C.generusD.riginal
答案D
解析根据第三段首句“After Burke gt the bike,he psted a pht f it n scial media t its wner.”可知,Burke买下自行车后,在社交媒体上发布了自行车的照片,希望能够联系上物主。careless“粗心的”;desperate“绝望的;拼命的”;generus“慷慨的;仁慈的;丰富的”;riginal“原来的;最初的”。故选D项。
B.ffice
C.factryD.statin
答案A
解析根据设空后信息“after finishing his rutine physical exercises”可知,Burke应是在健身房锻炼身体。gym“健身房”;ffice“办公室”;factry“工厂”;statin“车站”。故选A项。
B.required
C.apprachedD.begged
答案C
解析Burke在健身房结束健身活动准备离开时,三个人走近他问他是否想买自行车。persuade“说服”;require“需要”;apprach“接近;走近”;beg“恳求;祈求;乞讨”。故选C项。
B.skeptical
C.cnfidentD.nervus
答案B
解析根据设空后的“ they were trying t sell the ￡1,350 bike fr ￡80.”可知,售价1350英镑的自行车只需80英镑就可以买到,Burke对此感到怀疑。aware“意识到;察觉到”;skeptical“怀疑的”;cnfident“有信心的;确信的”;nervus“焦虑的;胆怯的”。故选B项。
B.understd
C.predictedD.nticed
答案D
解析句意:除对价格差距感到怀疑外,他还注意到自行车后轮上还上着锁。ignre“忽视;不予理睬”,understand“理解”;predict“预言;预告;预报”;ntice“注意到”。故选D项。
B.expsed
C.cmparedD.adjusted
答案A
解析句意同上题。attach“把……附在……上”;expse“暴露;揭穿”;cmpare“比较;对比”;adjust“调整;适应;整理”。故选A项。
B.track
C.prtectD.educate
答案B
解析Burke买下自行车后在社交媒体上发布照片,希望能追踪到物主。cnsult“咨询;查询”;track“追踪”;prtect“保护”;educate“教育;训练”。故选B项。
B.visited
C.reachedD.reminded
答案C
解析根据语境可知,此处表示几小时内,自行车的主人就通过电话联系了Burke。praise“赞扬”;visit“参观”;reach“(尤指用电话)联系”;remind“提醒;使想起”。故选C项。
B.thankfulness
C.lveD.enthusiasm
答案B
解析对于素不相识的Burke买下自行车并设法归还给自己的善举,自行车主人的感激之情自然是难以言表,当他试图偿还Burke购车的费用时,Burke拒绝了。故选B项。
inB.get ut
C.set asideD.pay back
答案D
解析句意同上题。put in“安装;正式提出(要求等)”;get ut“出版,困难地说出”;set aside“省出;把……搁到一旁”;pay back“偿还”。故选D项。
B.wners
C.audiencesD.bike-lvers
答案A
解析根据最后一段中的“Burke has since been reprted by scial media fr his ‘heric’ deed...”可知,社交媒体对Burke的善举进行了报道。reprter“记者”;wner“主人”;audience“观众”;bike-lver“自行车爱好者”。故选A项。
B.denied
C.stressedD.accepted
答案C
解析句意:尽管社交媒体自那以后报道了他的“英雄”事迹,但Burke强调自己将自行车物归原主并不是为了吸引媒体的关注。prmise“承诺”;deny“否认;否定;拒绝”;stress“强调”;accept“接受”。故选C项。
B.Otherwise
C.MeanwhileD.Hwever
答案D
解析此处表示转折,故选Hwever。therefre“因此,所以”;therwise“否则,除此以外”;meanwhile“与此同时”;hwever“然而”。故选D项。
B.display
C.assessmentD.discussin
答案A
解析设空处填入的词应与文章首句“An English man is being praised fr his act f kindness.”中的“praised”在范畴上一致,即受到表扬、受到欢迎。welcme“欢迎”;display“展览”;assessment“评估”;discussin“讨论”。故选A项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Mei Lanfang was gd at playing the rle f wmen in Beijing peras,36. (call) “Dan”.
Mr Mei Lanfang increased internatinal cmmunicatin 37. China and ther cuntries as the frerunner(先驱) 38. spreads Beijing pera abrad.He visited Japan in 1919,1924 and 1956.In 1930,he 39. (visit) America.He visited Russia 40. 1935 and 1952,which gained him a high reputatin.During this perid he knew many famus 41.(artist),singers,dancers,writers 42. painters.Because f his travels,there was an 43. (imprve) culture understanding in many cuntries.Frm that time n,Beijing pera was 44.(list) int the dictinary f internatinal drama.
Mr Mei Lanfang 45. (be) the symbl f Chinese acting art.
答案36.called 37.between 38.wh/that 39.visited 40.in 41.artists 42.and 43.imprved 44.listed 45.is
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华,你们班级的节目《哈姆雷特》(Hamlet)将参加下个月学校“英语文化节”话剧(drama)比赛,请你给度假中的外教Mr Hurst写一封电子邮件,并附上节目录像,请他给予相关的指导。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.邮件的开头和结尾已为你写好。
Dear Mr Hurst,











Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
参考范文
Dear Mr Hurst,
I am srry t truble yu during yur vacatin.My classmates and I wuld like t ask fr yur help.
Our schl is having a Drama Cmpetitin next mnth as part f an English Cultural Festival,and we have been wrking hard n ur perfrmance Hamlet.I have sent a vide f practising play by urselves.Culd yu please tell us what yu think f ur perfrmance and acting?Als,is there anything we can d t imprve ur clthing,light and sund effects?
We lk frward t yur ideas and thank yu fr yur help.
I d hpe yu’ll enjy yur hliday!
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写词数应为150左右。
9-year-ld Igr lived in a huge frest in the nrth f Russia.His father was a wdcutter and his mther was a tailr.The by liked playing with animals in the frest,and knew the names f different birds and their sngs.One freezing winter,Igr was seriusly ill and the dctr wh was frm big cities tld his parents that nly surprise culd save him.Lying all day in bed,Igr nly wanted his father t catch a bird and played with it.But in winter there were n birds in the frest.“Yu culd make him a bird ut f wd,”suggested the anxius mther.
The first finished bird was fat and t heavy t fly.He threw it int the fire but the head was in hands.
It was snwing heavily,and he really didn’t knw where t find a bird.Then an idea ccurred t him,“The bird needs tw pieces f wd.”Eventually,he made it and shwed it t his wife.“Beautiful!”she said,taking a needle and thread(线) and sewing the tw ends tgether,like a real bird.She tied a lng thread t the bird’s back.And it culd be hung abve Igr’s bed.Quietly,the wdcutter hung the bird abve the by’s bed.
At daybreak,his sn was watching the bird carefully.There was a light in his eyes fr the first time in many weeks.“Beautiful!”said Igr.“I’ve never seen it befre in the frest.What’s its name?”“That’s a gd questin.I’ll find ut and tell yu.”The next mrning,when the father entered Igr’s rm,he fund the by sitting up in bed,trying t tuch the bird.The last time Igr sat up in bed was many weeks ag.“What’s it called?” the by asked.“Oh,dear,I’m still nt sure.”
Late n that night,Igr’s father went int his sn’s rm quietly and made the thread a little shrter.Then the bird was hanging a little higher abve Igr’s head.Three days later,he fund Igr kneeling n the bed,trying t tuch the bird.His hand was very near it.“Have yu decided n the name?”“Nt yet.My sn.”his father replied.
Again,at night the father went int his sn’s rm.









Several days later,Igr’s father was cutting wd when he heard a scream frm the huse.







参考范文
Again,at night the father went int his sn’s rm.Seeing Igr was asleep,he put the bird a little higher and left.T his jy,Igr was able t stand n the bed and nearly tuch the bird the secnd day.He wanted t make it g rund in persn.The wdcutter encuraged his sn t g n trying and tld him it was nt as high as he thught.Hwever,Igr still wanted t knw the name f the bird.The father said he was trying t figure ut the kind f the bird.
Several days later,Igr’s father was cutting wd when he heard a scream frm the huse.He ran quickly t his sn’s bedrm.He culdn’t believe what he saw.Igr was jumping up and dwn excitedly n his bed.It was abve his head that the bird was ging rund very fast.He shwed ff his perfrmance t his father.“Please tell me,what’s its name?”“It’s called the bird f surprise,”his father replied excitedly.And his mther,standing at the dr,cried tears f jy t see her yung sn full f life nce again.