高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 4 Adversity and Course课时作业

这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 4 Adversity and Course课时作业，共16页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7， B等内容，欢迎下载使用。

单元质量检测(四)　UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE
第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1．5分，满分7．5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一个小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．How does the woman usually go to work?
A．By car． B．On foot． C．By bike．
2．When did Jack leave home ?
A．At 8：30． B．At 9：00． C．At 9：30．
3．What are the speakers talking about?
A．The exam results． B．The time for the maths exam．
C．The change to their class schedule．
4．How much did a pound of apples cost five years ago?
A．$1．0． B．$1．5． C．$3．0．
5．What do we know about the company?
A．It will move to another place．
B．It will develop some new products．
C．It has been having serious financial problems lately．
第二节(共15小题；每小题1．5分，满分22．5分)
听下面5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各个小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What kind of apartment does the man want to buy?
A．It has a bedroom and a sitting room．
B．It has three bedrooms and a big garden．
C．It has two bedrooms and a big kitchen．
7．What is the man's present address?
A．1664 Pine Street． B．1464 Pine Street． C．1446 Pine Street．
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．Where does the woman work?
A．At a teachers' college． B．At a tourist company． C．At a bank．
9．Why did the woman come to the airport?
A．To pick someone up． B．To see her sister off． C．To volunteer to help others．
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．On which day doesn't the man have to work?
A．On Wednesdays． B．On Saturdays． C．On Sundays．
11．How did the man learn the profession?
A．He learnt it from his parents．
B．He learnt it for two years at college．
C．He learnt it from some books on his own．
12．What job does the man do?
A．A guard． B．A cook． C．A waiter．
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．Why does the man call the doctor?
A．Because Linda has a fever．
B．Because Linda has a bad toothache．
C．Because Linda can't sleep well．
14．How long has Linda been ill?
A．Since this morning． B．For two days． C．Since yesterday evening．
15．What do we know from the conversation?
A．Linda is the man's niece．
B．The woman will go to examine Linda at once．
C．The man has taken Linda's temperature．
16．What should Linda do according to the doctor?
A．Drink enough water． B．Take some medicine． C．Have a special diet．
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．What does the company mentioned in the passage sell?
A．Clothes． B．Toys． C．Electronic products．
18．How old should one who wants to get the job be?
A．Between the age of thirty and thirty­five．
B．Between the age of thirty and forty．
C．Between the age of forty and forty­five．
19．What language should the applicant be able to speak besides English?
A．The Arabic language． B．At least one Latin language．
C．At least one language of the Far East．
20．Where will one live if he or she gets the job?
A．Singapore． B．Japan． C．Brazil．
第二部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题，每小题2．5分，满分37．5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Marvel at the incredible collection consisting of over 140 species including 300 sharks, rays and the largest collection of Sand Tiger sharks in the world． Walk along the Rainforest, Rocky Shore and Living Ocean environments at the Underwater Zoo and you'll find yourself face to face with dangerous Piranha, Giant Catfish, playful Otters, a Humbolt Penguin colony and more．
Options
Basic pass: With this basic pass, you'll get access to the Aquarium tunnel and Underwater Zoo．
Explorer pass: If you're looking to get a little close to the sea creatures then this pass is for you． Along with the researcher pass you also get access to the submersible simulator & big screen theater and a free ride on the glass bottomed boat．
VIP line buster: This ultimate pass includes all the benefits of an Explorer pass, with a tour guide and you get to try your hand at fish feeding!
Timings
Sunday—Wednesday: 10：00 am—11：00 pm
Thursday—Saturday: 10：00 am—12：00 am
Pro Tip
You can save a lot by purchasing a combo ticket． This ticket gives you access to Underwater Zoo and Aquarium Tunnel alongside tickets to the observation deck on the 124th floor of the Burj Khalifa． Government ID card has to be presented for entry．
Tickets
Your voucher will be emailed to you shortly． Please display the same at the time of entry at the security line on your mobile phone with a valid photo ID．
21．What can you do if you have an explorer pass?
A．Have a tour guide． B．Feed the fish in person．
C．Talk to the researcher． D．See the sea creatures closer．
22．What should you choose to buy if you want to save money?
A．A government ID card． B．A combo ticket．
C．A VIP line buster． D．A valid photo ID．
23．When can you visit Dubai Aquarium Underwater Zoo?
A．At 9：00 am Tuesday． B．At 11：00 am Wednesday．
C．At 3：00 pm Thursday． D．At 5：00 pm Saturday．
B
Everybody, at some point in their lives, has experienced failure． It could be something as simple as not getting the job you wanted, or getting fewer marks even after hard work． But what makes you is not your failure, but how you get back up after being hit．
Once, a young school boy was caught in a fire accident in his school and it was assumed that he would not live． His mother was told that he was sure to die, for the terrible fire had destroyed the lower half of his body． Even if he were to survive, he would be lame throughout his life．
But the brave boy did not want to die nor did he want to be lame． Much to the amazement of the doctor, he did survive． But unfortunately from his waist down, he had no motor ability． His thin legs just hung there, lifeless． Eventually he left the hospital． But his determination to walk was unshakable． At home, when he was not in bed, he had to stay in a wheelchair． One day, he threw himself from the chair and pulled himself across the grass, dragging his legs behind him． He reached the fence, raised himself up and then began dragging himself along the fence, firmly determined． He did this every day, with faith in himself that he would be able to walk unaided． With his iron determination, he did develop the ability to stand up, then to walk on and off, then to walk by himself and then to run．
He began to walk to school, and then run to school, to run for the joy of running． Later in college he was on the track team．
In February 1934, in New York City's Madison Square Garden, this young man who was not expected to survive, who would surely never walk, who could never hope to run—this determined young man, Dr． Glenn Cunningham, ran the world's fastest mile．
A good example of the power of positive thinking and faith in one's self, Glenn Cunningham continues to be an inspiration for many, and his story, a brilliant evidence to how one can bounce back even when all difficulties are piled against one, to the degree that death seemed the preferable option．
24．What is the first paragraph intended to do?
A．Present an argument． B．Make preparations for statement．
C．Arouse readers' interest． D．Function as a brief introduction．
25．What was the doctor's opinion about Glenn?
A．Glenn was able to walk with his own great effort．
B．Great determination could make a difference to Glenn．
C．There was a slim chance that Glenn could survive．
D．Glenn could live a normal life with the upper half of his body．
26．What do we know about Glenn?
A．Glenn took recovery exercise in hospital．
B．Glenn inspired people with his moving story．
C．Glenn won the first place in Marathon．
D．Glenn organized a track team in college．
27．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Strengthen Determination B．Stand up After Failure
C．Go After Dreams D．Face Difficulty Bravely
C
Scientists say they have found high levels of small plastic particles in Arctic snow． Their findings provide more evidence that plastic is entering Earth's atmosphere and traveling great distances around the planet．
A German­Swiss research team collected snow samples from the Arctic and other areas． When the researchers examined the samples in a laboratory, they were surprised to find very high levels of microplastics． Microplastics are very small pieces of plastic． These plastic particles are generally smaller than 5 millimeters in length． Other studies have found microplastics in the environment． They come from the disposal (处理) and breakdown of man­made plastic products and industrial waste．
The study found the highest levels of microplastics came from the Bavarian Alps． One snow sample from the area had 154, 000 microplastic particles per liter(公升)． Samples collected from the Arctic had much lower levels． However, even samples from the Arctic contained up to 14, 000 particles per liter, the study found．
Melanie Bergmann co­wrote the report on the study． She said in a statement she believes the new study clearly shows that “the majority of the microplastic in the snow comes from the air．” She said this idea is supported by research that studied the atmospheric movement of pollen (花粉) from plants． In those studies, scientists confirmed pollen had traveled great distances to reach the Arctic．
Bergmann said she hopes the new study will lead to more research on this issue． She also said she believes that microscopic plastic particles should be included in worldwide observations of air pollution levels．
“We really need to know what effects microplastics have on humans, especially when people inhale them，” Bergmann said．
28．What surprised the research team?
A．The discovery of microplastics． B．The breakdown of plastic products．
C．The high levels of microplastics． D．A small amount of plastic particles．
29．Why does the writer mention the movement of pollen?
A．To explain the reason． B．To get favor．
C．To express agreement． D．To introduce new idea．
30．What's the meaning of the underline word “inhale”？
A．Addict to． B．Breathe in． C．Mix with． D．Free from．
31．What's the best title of the passage?
A．Steps Are Taken to Stop Air Pollution
B．The Earth's Atmosphere Is Heavily Polluted
C．Microplastics Have Serious Influence on Health
D．High Levels of Plastics Were Found in Arctic Snow
D
It was only a matter of time before someone shrunk (压缩) the huge computer system use in a fighter jet (战斗机) into a device which is the size of an iPhone．
The device, which is called the Aviation Warrior, appears to be using technology of phones and computer devices to help a pilot trapped behind enemy lines． If it proves successful, it could mean the difference between life and death for a pilot in danger．
The Aviation Warrior uses a processor (处理器) the size of a smart phone which is said to be as powerful as a laptop． This powers a display on the pilot's helmet and a small screen on their wrist．
Using these, a pilot can view full­color maps and virtual images of the landscape around them on displays that adjust as they move their heads． Their helmets also receive and pass surround­sound alerts, giving directional warnings of incoming bombs．
The Warrior technology will enable pilots to find ways through dark conditions when dust or bad weather block land and dangerous buildings． It will also locate enemy and friendly positions．
“With this new system they have all the information they would typically have in a cockpit on their person, so when they leave the aircraft, they still have it with them，” said John D．Harris, president of Raytheon Technical Services． “Instead of the hide and seek, where a pilot would wait for rescue, they now know how to get to safety，” said Harris．
Harris refuses to discuss Warrior's battery life—an issue that disturbs many users of smart phones—saying only that it meets standard requirements． He also declines to talk about its price．
32．What's the main purpose of the Aviation Warrior?
A．To help adapt Hollywood movie．
B．To keep a pilot to fly modern planes．
C．To enable a trapped pilot to escape．
D．To allow a smart phone user to find the destination．
33．Which of the following best describes the feature of the Aviation Warrior?
A．Cheap． B．Small． C．Fashionable． D．Huge．
34．What's the probable meaning of the underlined word “declines” in the last paragraph?
A．Refuses． B．Fails． C．Hopes． D．Intends．
35．What can we infer from the passage?
A．The Aviation Warrior can help pilots find ways only through dark conditions．
B．The price of the Aviation Warrior is reasonable．
C．The battery life of many smart phones isn't long．
D．The Aviation Warrior will be widely used in the future．

第二节(共5小题；每小题2．5分，满分12．5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It is common for people to complain． Actually, even the kindest and most thoughtful people complain． And complaining isn't always an annoying thing． __36__ However, if someone makes complaints frequently, the problems will start． So, these tips will help you quiet complainers．
Change the topic．
Some complainers will be distracted from their negative mood if you change the topic in a direction that interests them． If your neighbor is complaining about the noisy community environment, you can tell her you bought some beautiful flowers yesterday． __37__
Show your care．
If the complainer keeps complaining to you, and asks something like, “Can you understand me？”， don' t always say, “I've heard and gotten it．” Instead, listen carefully and make some eye contact with the person． Stand in his shoes, and if possible, offer him some advice．
__38__
When someone frequently makes complaints to you, ask nicely what he's done to improve it． This question may help to abruptly end the complaint and remind the person to do something useful．
Be honest．
__39__ If someone complains to you many times before and you must cut the conversation short, you can simply be honest, saying you need to focus on your own business．
Have a heart­to­heart talk．
Maybe the complainer is very close to you, such as your best friend or your partner, and he stresses you out with loads of negative attitudes． __40__ This will let the person know your true feelings． Otherwise, if you always hide your true feelings and continue listening to his repeated complaints, finally you may start avoiding the person．
A．Focus on the effect．
B．Encourage the person to take actions．
C．Don't be afraid of letting him down．
D．Avoid saying the word complaining．
E．Talking about the problem with him frankly is important．
F．Sometimes, making a complaint can at least release our stress．
G．If your colleague is saying ill words of the boss, tell him there will be some new employees next week．
第三部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
There's being a good neighbor, and then there's going the extra mile． And in one Massachusetts neighborhood, the neighbors are pulling out all the stops．
Two years ago, about a__41__ after Samantha was born, Glenda and Raphael Savitz learned their daughter was __42__． “She was the first deaf person my husband and I had known，” Glenda, 33, told the Boston Globe． “So it's a surprise． __43__． But I think I'm someone who's like: OK． What do we do? She's a week old． We're going to be learning sign language． There was no __44__ that it was going to be important to her development and her __45__．”
But the Savitz family weren't the only ones who learned how to sign． Over 20 residents of their neighborhood in the town of Newton are also learning sign language． The residents__46__ an instructor on their own and __47__ gather together in a living room to learn the language． The neighbors' desire to learn to __48__ with Samantha is something that the Savitz family finds extremely __49__．
“One of the most emotional issues having her is that I really learned about how much support and how much love there is here，” Glenda said． “People are __50__ so much time and energy to learn a(n) __51__ language because they're dying to talk to my little girl． I don't have __52__ for that． ”
Baby Sam already has friends all over the neighborhood． Henry Marshall, a 19­year­old Harvard freshman, told the Globe that Sam __53__ with her child­size basketball hoop as he shoots hoops on his adult­size one． __54__ he plays, she copies his movements and __55__ the words for “play” and “friend．”
“It's a special neighborhood，” Raphael Savitz told the Globe． “It's just a really welcoming place．”
41．A．day B．week C．year D．month
42．A．deaf B．blind C．hurt D．dull
43．A．Embarrassed B．Awesome C．Unbearable D．Unexpected
44．A．point B．chance C．question D．possibility
45．A．work B．study C．play D．growth
46．A．hired B．sent C．trained D．assisted
47．A．suddenly B．regularly C．immediately D．randomly
48．A．share B．stay C．associate D．communicate
49．A．interesting B．surprising C．touching D．demanding
50．A．looking for B．giving up C．putting in D．relying on
51．A．oral B．foreign C．local D．useless
52．A．ideas B．words C．choices D．suggestions
53．A．plays B．lives C．helps D．deals
54．A．Because B．Unless C．Although D．While
55．A．writes B．reads C．signs D．says
第二节(共10小题；每小题1．5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
At the 138th session of the International Olympic Committee (IOC), the 56．________(decide)was adopted to change the Olympic motto (格言) for the first time in history． With the word “together” 57．________ (add) to the phrase “Faster, higher, stronger”， the president of the organization, Thomas Bach, called the incident 58．________ landmark (里程碑) event． The original version of the motto, written by French priest Henri Didon, 59．________(approve)at the first Olympic Congress in 1894． The phrase was so liked by the first President of the IOC, Pierre de Coubertin, that he decided to make 60．________ the slogan of the Games． Now the slogan 61．________(complete) sounds like “Faster, higher, stronger—together．” The press officer of the committee, Mark Adams, explained to reporters the meaning of the idea, 62．________(stress)that an athlete cannot be faster, taller and stronger without a team around him． The Olympic 63．________(value) lie not only in individual excellence but also in the environment, the team around the athlete． In the Olympic Games, it is not victory 64．________ participation that matters． Former speed skater Svetlana Zhurova positively assessed the innovation． However, most of the experts interviewed reacted calmly 65．________ what happened．
第四部分　写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假如你是李华，暑假期间打算去英国一所语言学校参加为期一个月的语言培训。请你给该培训学校负责人写一封邮件，询问有关情况。内容包括：
1．住宿情况；
2．费用问题；
3．学习期间注意事项。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Sir or Madam，
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I needed to do something in my community (社区) in order to complete the community service hours required to graduate from high school． Some of my friends had signed up to spend time at a soup kitchen, so I did, too． It seemed like a good thing to do．
I thought that we would just be passing out dinners to those in need, but I found out we would be doing everything from preparing to serving the dinner． We began preparing the food, from mixing salad dressing to separating frozen meat． Much still needed to be done before dinner was served, but already outside the building many homeless people were gathering． It wasn't until a couple of hours later that we opened the doors and began serving dinner．
As the line of people came toward me, I got a little scared． I'd come face to face with the homeless: How should I act? How would they treat me? Would they hate me for having more than they did? While some of the people looked very friendly, some of them looked so dangerous． I didn't have too much time to worry about it． I was assigned (分配) to serve the salad with the lady next to me． She smiled at me and said if I needed help, she'd be right there, which I found quite comforting．
I had never seen so many people wanting food． They were of all ages and nationalities． Most of them wore clothes that were torn and dirty． Some looked like they had totally given up on life, while others seemed to be making the best of the situation, smiling and joking． Some were better off than others, but they all needed a good meal and a warm place to eat． It saddened me to think of how many people there were who didn't have a place to call home and the only food they got came from a soup kitchen．
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
As they came in my direction, I put on my brightest and happiest smile．________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
I was so happy that I had earned my service hours in this way．________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________





单元质量检测(四)　UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE
第一部分
答案：
1－5　CABAC　6－10　CCABA
11－15　BBACC　16－20　ABBCA
听力材料：
Text 1
M: Do you cycle to work every day?
W: Nearly every day. Sometimes, if it's raining, I'll catch a bus.
Text 2
W: Where 's Jack? It's already 9：00.
M: His mother said he left home at 8：30.I think he will be here at 9：30.
Text 3
M: Boys and girls, here are some changes to your exam timetable. Your math exam will be changed to the next day.
W: You mean the 18th.
M: Yes. And the exam will start and end one hour earlier.
Text 4
W: The prices at the greengrocer's shop have increased much. Now apples cost $3 a pound.
M: I know. Five years ago they were only a third of that price.
Text 5
M: You wanted to see me, Mrs. Applegate?
W: Uh, yes. I'll get right into the points, Mr. Bradley. This company has been having serious financial problems lately, and unfortunately, we have to let some people go.
Text 6
W: Good morning, may I help you?
M: Yes, I want to buy an apartment. I'd like two bedrooms and a big kitchen.
W: All right. Have a seat, please. Let me ask you a few questions. First of all, may I have your name, please?
M: My name's Donald Eakins.
W: How do you spell your last name, Mr. Eakins?
M: It's E­A­K­I­N­S.
W: E­A­K­I­N­S. First name: Donald. And what's your present address, Mr. Eakins.
M: It's 1446 Pine Street.
W: 1446 Pine. That's in San Francisco, isn't it?
M: Yes, it is.
W: OK. My name is Michelle. This is my calling card.
Text 7
M: Thanks for your help.
W: That's all right. I'm always ready to help anyone in need.
M: So, how long have you been living in China?
W: For almost ten years. My husband and I teach at a teachers' college downtown.
M: Wow! No wonder you can speak Chinese so well.
W: Thanks. I guess I just have to learn it, you know. Well, how was your trip by the way?
M: It was tiring. I was sitting for a long time and my flight was even delayed for three hours in New York.
W: Sorry to hear that.
M: Are you picking up someone here?
W: Oh, no. Actually, I just saw my sister off. She visited us for a month.
M: I see. It was really nice meeting you here and thanks again for the help.
W: You are welcome. I hope you enjoy your stay here.
Text 8
W: Do you have to work at the weekend?
M: Oh, yes, that's our busiest time. Many people come here for dinner at the weekend. I get Wednesdays off.
W: What do you do at work?
M: I prepare the dinner and cook the food and I have to keep everything in the kitchen totally clean. But I don't have to do the washing­up.
W: What is hard about the job?
M: It's very difficult to satisfy everybody's taste. Besides, we have to stand all the time.
W: How did you learn the profession?
M: Well, I did a two­year course at college. In the first year we had to learn the basics, and then we had to take exams and practice cooking in the restaurant.
W: What's the secret of being good at your job?
M: Attention to detail. You have to love it. You have to show passion for it.
Text 9
M: This is Mr. Moore. I'd like to talk to the doctor about my daughter.
W: Hold on the line, please. Hello, Mr. Moore. What seems to be the problem?
M: It's my daughter, Linda. I'm worried about her. She's running a fever.
W: How long has she been running this fever?
M: Let me see. It started yesterday evening.
W: I see. Have you taken her temperature with a thermometer?
M: Yes. The last time I took it, it was 37.8℃.
W: Well, 37.8℃ isn't too bad. How about her stomach? Has she vomited?
M: No, not a sharp pain and she hasn't vomited, either.
W: Well, let me see—not much pain. She hasn't vomited, and her temperature's not high—it sounds like it isn't too serious.
M: Should I be giving her any medicine?
W: I really don't think she needs any special medicine right now. Mr. Moore, keep her in bed and have her drink plenty of water.
M: Should I bring her into your office?
W: No, I don't think I need to see her. But if she starts to feel worse and her fever gets higher, bring her in and I'll have a look at her.
M: Thank you. Bye.
Text 10
Webster Toys has made good and interesting toys for more than a hundred years. Now we sell them in countries from New Zealand to Norway, and from Japan to Brazil. We are looking for someone to sell our toys in the Far East. He or she should be between the age of thirty and forty. He or she should already have some years of experience of selling. He or she should speak at least one language of the Far East, as well as good English. Most importantly, he or she should understand money and make money more than ever before, for himself or herself, and for Webster Toys.
The person we are looking for will live in Singapore and work in our office there, but he or she will travel for up to six months in any one year.
If you think you are the person we are looking for, write to Mr J. Sloman at our head office.
第二部分
第一节
A
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。迪拜水族馆和水下动物世界位于哈利法塔的124层楼，文章介绍了参观该地方的时间、如何购票等相关事宜。
21．答案与解析：D　细节理解题。从第二部分的“If you're looking to get a little close to the sea creatures then this pass is for you”可知，持有an explorer pass的游客可以近距离地靠近海洋动物。故选D项。
22．答案与解析：B　细节理解题。从第四部分的“You can save a lot by purchasing a combo ticket.”可知，购买组合票可以节省一些开销。故选B项。
23．答案与解析：B　细节理解题。从第三部分的内容可知，水族馆和水下动物世界周日至周三10点至晚上11点开放，周四至周六的10点至12点开放。故选B项。
B
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。每个人在人生的某个阶段都经历过失败。文章通过Glenn在经历事故后幸存并且凭借坚强的毅力恢复正常生活的故事，告诉我们“让你成功的不是你的失败，而是你如何在被打击后重新站起来”。
24．答案与解析：D　推理判断题。根据第一段的第一句“Everybody, at some point in their lives, has experienced failure.”和最后一句“But what makes you is not your failure, but how you get back up after being hit.”可知，第一段的作用是做一个简短的介绍。
25．答案与解析：C　推理判断题。根据第三段的第二句“Much to the amazement of the doctor, he did survive.”可知，医生认为这个男孩活下来的概率很小。
26．答案与解析：B　推理判断题。根据最后一段的第一句“A good example of the power of positive thinking and faith in one's self, Glenn Cunningham continues to be an inspiration for many...”可知，Glenn以他感人的故事激励人们。
27．答案与解析：B　主旨大意题。根据第一段内容可知，让你成功的不是你的失败，而是你如何在被打击后重新站起来，由此可知本文最佳主题是Stand up After Failure。
C
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。科学家在北极雪中发现了大量的塑料颗粒。他们发现这些微塑料来自空气。
28．答案与解析：C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“...they were surprised to find very high levels of microplastics.”可知，科研人员惊讶地发现雪中塑料微粒的含量非常高，故选C项。
29．答案与解析：B　目的意图题。根据第四段中“She said this idea is supported by research that studied the atmospheric movement of pollen (花粉) from plants.”可知，Bergmann为了使自己的科学发现更具说服力，所以提到了有关大气中花粉运动的研究。故选B项。
30．答案与解析：B　词义猜测题。结合文章最后一段表述的内容，尤其是“...what effects microplastics have on humans...”可知，研究者们正在致力于发现这些塑料颗粒对人体有什么样的影响，再结合四个选项的含义可推知，inhale表“吸入”之意。故选B项。
31．答案与解析：D　主旨大意题。通览整篇文章内容，尤其是根据文章第一段第一句“Scientists say they have found high levels of small plastic particles in Arctic snow.”可知，本文主要讲科学家在北极雪中发现了大量的塑料颗粒。故选D项。
D
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是一种新发明——名为Aviation Warrior的新设备。
32．答案与解析：C　推理判断题。根据第二段的“...appears to be using technology of phones and computer devices to help a pilot trapped behind enemy lines.”可知，航空战士的主要目的是使被困的飞行员逃脱，故选C。
33．答案与解析：B　推理判断题。根据第三段的“The Aviation Warrior uses a processor the size of a smart phone which is said to be as powerful as a laptop.”可知，Aviation Warrior的处理器和智能手机一样大小，说明比较小，最能描述航空战士的特点的是“小”，故选B。
34．答案与解析：A　词句猜测题。根据最后一段的“Harris refuses to discuss Warrior's battery life—an issue that disturbs many users of smart phones—saying only that it meets standard requirements.”和画线词前面的also可知，画线词所在句表示“他也拒绝谈论它的价格”，因此画线词declines意为“拒绝”，即refuses，故选A。
35．答案与解析：C　推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Harris refuses to discuss Warrior's battery life—an issue that disturbs many users of smart phones—saying only that it meets standard requirements.可推断出，许多智能手机的电池寿命都不长，故选C。
第二节
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些帮助平息抱怨的建议。
36．答案与解析：F　结合空后转折词However及内容可知，空处应延续上文，和“抱怨并不总是坏事”相关。F项“有时候，抱怨至少可以释放我们的压力”正是说抱怨也有好处。
37．答案与解析：G　根据上文表述可知，本段主题是转移话题；而空前是作者所给的如何转移话题的例子。G项“如果你的同事在说老板的坏话，告诉他下周会有新员工”也是如何转移话题的例子。符合语境，与上文一致，都是举例说明。
38．答案与解析：B　空处为小标题，为本段中心句。根据本段表述可知，这里主要讲述的是行动比抱怨重要。B项“鼓励这个人采取行动”是本段大意，形式上也符合上下小标题形式。
39．答案与解析：C　根据标题Be honest和下文表述可知，本段鼓励对自己诚实，无需一直忍受对方的抱怨，要勇敢地说出自己的感受。C项“不要害怕让他失望”引出下文，勇敢说出自己的感受。
40．答案与解析：E　根据下文表述可知，空处的事情能够让对方知道你的真实感受。E项“和他坦率地讨论这个问题很重要”正是可以让对方知道你真实感受的方式。
第三部分
第一节
【语篇解读】　本文为记叙文。Savitz夫妇生了一个耳聋的孩子，为了孩子的成长与发展，他们决定去学手语。而小区里的多位邻居为了能够与这个孩子交流，也自发地定期学手语，共同为这个孩子创造一个充满爱的环境。
41．答案与解析：B　根据下文“She's a week old.”可知，此处指“Samantha出生一周后”，所以填B项。
42．答案与解析：A　根据下文“She was the first deaf person my husband and I had known”可知，答案为A项。
43．答案与解析：D　根据前句“So it's a surprise.”可知，是出乎预料的(Unexpected)。
44．答案与解析：C　对于生下来就耳聋的女儿来说，父母学习手语毫无疑问对她的发展和成长来说是很重要的。There is no question that...“毫无疑问……”。
45．答案与解析：D　根据语境以及and前的“her development”，可以推断出此处应为“成长”，故选D项。
46．答案与解析：A　结合语境可知，居民们自己花钱雇了(hired)一位老师。
47．答案与解析：B　根据语境可知，此处应该是定期(regularly)聚集在一起学习手语。
48．答案与解析：D　这里“neighbors' desire to learn to ______ with Samantha”与51空后的“ they're dying to talk to my little girl”对应，此处应为talk to的同义表达。
49．答案与解析：C　根据文章主旨以及下文“I don't have ______ for that.”可知，邻居的这种关爱令Savitz一家非常感动 (touching)。
50．答案与解析：C　根据空后“much time and energy to learn”可知，此处应为投入(putting in)时间和精力。
51．答案与解析：B　foreign在此处意为“陌生的；不熟悉的”。为了与孩子交流而学习的手语，对于邻居来说是陌生的。
52．答案与解析：B　根据上文“something that the Savitz family find extremely touching”可知，此处意思是感动得无以言表。
53．答案与解析：A　根据下文“...her child­size basketball hoop”以及“she copies his movements”可知，此处应该选择A项。
54．答案与解析：D　根据下文的“she copies his movements”可知，此处表示“当……的时候”。
55．答案与解析：C　Baby Sam是聋哑儿，所以应该是用手势表达(sign)。
第二节
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。国际奥委会(IOC)在第138届会议上决定，在历史上首次改变奥林匹克格言。
56．答案与解析：decision　考查词性转换。根据空前的定冠词the可知，此处动词decide应变成名词decision。
57．答案与解析：added　考查非谓语动词。这里是考查“with＋n./pron＋非谓语动词”的复合结构，过去分词作宾语补足语表示被动，意为“被添加”。
58．答案与解析：a　考查冠词。此处a landmark event意为“一个里程碑式的事件”，不定冠词表示数量，意为“一个、一次、一组、一种、一类”等。
59．答案与解析：was approved　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。本句written部分是定语，此空为谓语动词，根据in 1894可知用一般过去时，且“格言被通过”，主语为三单形式，故用was approved。
60．答案与解析：it　考查代词。结合上文的表述可知，此处应用代词it指代上文的the phrase。
61．答案与解析：completely　考查词性转换。此空修饰动词sound，应用副词completely。
62．答案与解析：stressing　考查非谓语动词。stressing为现在分词作状语，与主句主语是主动关系。
63．答案与解析：values　考查名词的数。根据谓语lie可知，主语应该是名词复数。
64．答案与解析：but　考查连词。not... but为常用词组，意为“不是……而是”。
65．答案与解析：to　考查介词。react to为固定搭配，表示“作出反应”之意。
第四部分
第一节
参考范文：
DearSirorMadam，
I'm Li Hua, a student from China. I'm planning to go to Britain to attend a one­month English course in your school during the vacation. I'm writing to ask for some detailed information about the course.
To begin with, would you please tell me about the living condition of the dormitory? I wonder if I could have a separate room of my own rather than share the room with other students. I'd also like to know how much I need to pay for the course and whether the accommodation is included. Finally, is there anything I should pay special attention to? Thank you very much.
I am looking forward to hearing from you soon.
Yourssincerely，
LiHua
第二节
参考范文：
Astheycameinmydirection, Iputonmybrightestandhappiestsmile. I wanted to make them know that I was really anxious to help them. To my relief, they smiled politely back at me when they saw my smile, and I could see their exhaustion in their eyes. I wanted to know what they were going through and I was desperate to know what I could do for them. They nodded gratefully as I pushed my spoon into the pot and took a large spoonful and poured it into their bowls.
IwassohappythatIhadearnedmyservicehoursinthisway. This experience made me realize that there are so many people in this world who need our help. It also made me realize that our small act of kindness can make them feel warm and make a great difference to them. I will never forget the way they looked at me when they were given food. I am anxious to urge the world to do everything possible to help those in need.