高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 1 Science and Scientists一课一练

这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 1 Science and Scientists一课一练，共6页。
1. She explained the thinking(想法) behind the campaign.
2. T much prtein(蛋白质) in the diet may advance the ageing prcess.
3. He escaped by sawing thrugh the bars f his cell(牢房).
4. S far they have nt fund a way t fight the virus(病毒).
5. One f the main findings(发现) f the survey is that this chemical des harm t peple’s health.
6. My initial (最初的)reactin was t decline the ffer.
7. Researchers arund the wrld are wrking tgether t develp a new vaccine(疫苗).
8. The cnstructin f this framewrk(框架) tk nly a few minutes.
9. He believes nly theretical(理论的) science can create miracles.
10. The snw had melted, but the lake was still frzen slid(坚实的).
Ⅱ. 单句语法填空
1. The truble is that I have lst his address.
2. The questin is whether I shuld g t the cinema with him, r g shpping with her.
3. That was what she did this mrning n her way t the statin.
4. He was injured by a car this mrning. This is why he was absent frm schl.
5. He has made rapid prgress. That is because he is gifted.
6. The questin is hw we can get in tuch with him.
7. His suggestin is that anther meeting (shuld) be held (hld) t discuss the prblem.
8. The impressin he makes n me is that he is a reliable persn.
9. The reasn why he was fired was that he was suspected f stealing the cmputer f his cmpany.
10. The prblem is wh is really fit fr the hard jb.
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
(2021·济宁高二检测)
British chemist David Evans has becme an vernight celebrity n Chinese scial media. His chemistry experiments have attracted ver 2 millin fllwers in just a few mnths. Evans is a chemistry prfessr at the Beijing University f Chemical Technlgy. The 60-year-ld man always wears a white lab cat, a pair f safety gggles(护目镜), and smiles ften. Sme web users say he lks just like the “grandpa f KFC”.
Evans has psted vides f varius experiments. His mst ppular experiments have attracted millins f hits n vide-sharing apps. Excited children’s cheers and shuts can be heard in his vides. “I hpe my experiments can aruse peple’s interest in science, ” he says.
Evans has been interested in China since childhd. In the early 1970s, befre the refrm and pening-up, he viewed it as “a cuntry full f mysteries”. He first visited the Chinese mainland in 1987 t attend a chemistry cnference in Nanjing, Jiangsu Prvince. He quit his jb in the United Kingdm and mved t Beijing in 1996. Many f his friends thught he was crazy. But Evans said they just saw China’s challenges but nt its ptential.
Since 2011, Evans has turned t the Internet t ppularize science. He learned shrt-vide apps are als ppular in small cities and rural areas. And he realized this enables him t reach mre students, wh lack pprtunities t perfrm fun experiments. But even a ne-minute vide requires a cnsiderable amunt f wrk. Still, he thinks it’s wrth it t fulfill his respnsibility t ppularize science.
His experiments always fill schls’ lecture halls with laughter. Sme viewers call him “a Harry Ptter-like magician”, but he disagrees. “A magician never tells the secrets behind his tricks, but a scientist always gives an explanatin. ” He sees himself as a teacher. He perfrms experiments t spread knwledge, inspire thinking, remve misunderstandings and shw that science can create change. Evans says he lks frward t mre “chemical reactins” with China.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了一位移居中国, 并且在网上发布化学实验短视频的英国化学家在中国的一些事迹。
1. Wh is David Evans accrding t the passage?
A. A film celebrity.
B. A chemistry teacher.
C. A manager f KFC.
D. A British magician.
【解析】B。细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Evans is a chemistry prfessr at the Beijing University f Chemical Technlgy. ”(Evans是北京化工大学的化学教授。)可知, David Evans是一位化学老师。故选B。
2. Why did Evans begin t pst vides f experiments n the Internet?
A. T ppularize science.
B. T rise t fame.
C. T apply shrt-vide apps.
D. T make a frtune.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据文章第四段第一句自2011年以来, 埃文斯开始通过互联网普及科学。以及第四段最后一句他认为履行普及科学的责任是值得的。可知, 埃文斯开始在互联网上发布实验视频, 是为了普及科学。故选A。
3. Which f the fllwing statements is true accrding t Paragraph 3?
A. Evans cnsidered the UK t be a cuntry full f mysteries.
B. Evans first visited Chinese mainland in his childhd.
C. Evans went t China fr a chemistry meeting in 1987.
D. Evans mved t Beijing with the supprt f his friends.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文章第三段第三句可知他第一次访问中国大陆是在1987年, 在江苏省南京市参加一个化学会议。故选C。
4. What can we infer frm the passage?
A. Evans knws exactly hw a magic wrks.
B. Evans is a serius scientist and barely smiles.
C. Evans will cntinue t pst vides f experiments in China.
D. Evans’ students like t interrupt his experiments with laughter.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据文章第二段前两句埃文斯上传了各种实验的视频。他最受欢迎的实验已经在视频分享应用程序上吸引了数百万点击量。以及最后一段最后一句埃文斯说, 他期待与中国发生更多的“化学反应”。可知, 他将继续发布更多的实验视频。故选C。
Ⅱ. 完形填空
(2021·盐城高二检测)
The news f Stephen Hawking’s death came a great shck t the whle wrld. T his family, he was “a great scientist and an extrardinary man whse wrk and legacy(遗赠)will 1 fr many years”.
His parents, bth Oxfrd graduates, placed a high 2 n educatin and family members were ften seen reading bks at dinner. 3 knwn at schl as “Einstein”, Hawking was nt 4 successful academically. With time, he began t shw talents fr scientific subjects and decided t read 5 at university. As mathematics was nt 6 at Oxfrd then, Hawking chse physics instead.
Diagnsed with a rare mtr neurne disease, Hawking eventually 7 a wheelchair. Thugh shcked and bitter, Hawking cntinued his wrk in physics 8 . After the lss f his 9 , he cmmunicated thrugh a speech-generating device, which 10 him t prduce A Brief Histry f Time with the help f an assistant.
Hawking nce 11 hw he felt when first infrmed f his disease, 12 that he wuld never realize his ptential. “But nw, 50 years later, I can’t be mre 13 my life, ” he said.
Hawking als gained ppularity 14 the academic wrld and appeared in several TV shws. He was featured in the film The Thery f Everything, which 15 his rise t fame and relatinship with his first wife, Jane.
【文章大意】本文是一篇人物传记类的记叙文, 介绍了传奇物理学家霍金的伟大成就以及人们对他的高度评价。激励人们向他学习, 战胜困难取得成功。
1. A. live n B. hld n
C. hang nD. catch n
【解析】选A。霍金的遗赠会继续存在很长时间。live n以……为生, 继续存在, 活下去; hld n坚持, 继续拥有; hang n握住不放; catch n理解, 明白, 变得流行。故选A项。
2. A. evaluatinB. request
C. valueD. standard
【解析】选C。霍金的父母高度重视教育。evaluatin评价, 评估; request要求, 请求; value价值, 重要性; standard标准。短语place a high value n高度重视。故选C项。
3. A. UnlessB. When
C. AlthughD. Because
【解析】选C。尽管在学校被称为“爱因斯坦”, 但是霍金起初在学习上并不成功。上下文之间是转折关系, 所以使用连词althugh引导让步状语从句。故选C项。
4. A. necessarilyB. cmpletely
C. particularlyD. initially
【解析】选D。尽管在学校被称为“爱因斯坦”, 但是霍金起初在学习上并不成功。necessarily必要地; cmpletely完全地; particularly尤其, 特别; initially起初, 最初。故选D项。
5. A. physicsB. mathematics
C. scienceD. chemistry
【解析】选A。根据后句Hawking chse physics instead可知霍金后来选择了物理学。根据常识可知霍金是一名伟大的物理学家。故选A项。
6. A. awesmeB. available
C. admirableD. alternative
【解析】选B。那时的牛津大学并没有数学学科, 所以他选择了物理。awesme令人敬畏的, 可怕的, 极好的; available可利用的, 可得到的; admirable令人羡慕的; alternative可供选择的。故选B项。
7. A. brught inB. resulted in
C. ended inD. put frward
【解析】选C。被诊断为罕见的运动神经疾病, 霍金最终坐上了轮椅。 brught in带来, 引进; resulted in导致; ended in以……结束; put frward提出。故选C项。
8. A. regardlessB. therwise
C. indeedD. furthermre
【解析】选A。尽管很震惊, 也很痛苦, 但霍金继续物理方面的研究工作。regardless不管, 不顾; therwise否则, 要不然; indeed实际上; furthermre而且。故选A项。
9. A. mvementB. speech
C. senseD. writing
【解析】选B。根据后句“he cmmunicated thrugh a speech-generating device”可知他通过发声装置与他人交流, 说明他丧失了语言能力。故选B项。
10. A. allwedB. frced
C. encuragedD. gt
【解析】选A。这台装置让他在助手的帮助下完成了《时间简史》。allwed允许, 让; frced强迫, 迫使; encuraged鼓励; gt得到, 理解。故选A项。
11. A. recalledB. fancied
C. addressedD. cmmented
【解析】选A。霍金回忆了刚刚得知患病消息时的情景。 recalled回忆; fancied幻想; addressed处理; cmmented评论。故选A项。
12. A. declaringB. assuming
C. insistingD. arguing
【解析】选B。当霍金得知自己患病的时候, 认为自己无法实现自己的梦想。本句表示霍金当时对人生的看法。 declaring宣布; assuming认为; insisting坚持; arguing争论, 辩论。故选B项。
13. A. cautius fB. strict with
C. satisfied withD. fed up with
【解析】选C。本句中can’t和比较级连用表示最高级的含义, 表示霍金对自己的成就非常满意。be cautius f小心的, 谨慎的; be strict with对……严格; be satisfied with对……满足; be fed up with厌恶。故选C项。
14. A. withinB. arund
C. twardsD. utside
【解析】选D。根据后句appeared in several TV shws(出现在几个电视节目中)可知在学术界之外, 霍金也很受欢迎。故选D项。
15. A. analyzedB. cnfirmed
C. chartedD. traced
【解析】选C。这部电影记录了霍金声名鹊起以及和他第一任妻子Jane的关系。 analyzed分析; cnfirmed确认; chart vt. 记录 n. 图表; traced追踪。故选C项。