人教版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 2 Wildlife protection课后测评

UNIT 2　WILDLIFE PROTECTION

Part 1　Listening and Speaking &Reading and Thinking

基础过关练

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1.This year the airline will be hard-pressed to make a　　　(利润). 

2.The boy was 　　　(开除)from the school because of fighting with others. 

3.It is difficult to　　　(估量)the success of the campaign at this stage. 

4.After the mad dog was 　　　(射杀), the life of the local people became calm again. 

5.This is a 　　　(海报) of Minning Town(《山海情》), a TV series about a poverty alleviation project.  

6.Many plants and animals are facing extinction due to the destruction of their 　　　(栖息地).  

7.China's economy is rapidly 　　　(恢复) from COVID-19 and has achieved positive growth.  

8.All countries should be devoted to building an inclusive(包容的) world and creating an atmosphere of common 　　　(和谐). 

Ⅱ.选词填空

die out; on average;watch over; adapt to;be concerned about

1.She has to 　　　　　　the little child because his parents are away on business. 

2.If these animals and plants 　　　　　　, we will never see them again. 

3.The new student soon 　　　　　　the environment after he came to the new school. 

4.We should 　　　　　　the future of our country, because we are part of it.  

5.　　　　　　,it takes about two years to study this course. 

Ⅲ.单句语法填空

1.Do you think the film 　　　　(adapt) is faithful to the book?  

2.The child had intended 　　　　(take) his homework home and finish it, but he forgot it. 

3.After ten years, she moved the old telephone from the 　　　　(live) room into the bedroom. 

4.As I waited, I became aware 　　　　something happening in the house. 

5.To our surprise, the number of people giving concerts online is increasing at an 　　　　(alarm) rate.  

Ⅳ.完成句子

1.只有下雨时你才觉得凉爽。

Only when it rains 　　　　　　　　　　　　. 

2.这就是学校改革如此关键的原因。

　　　　　　　　　school reform is so critical.  

3.你很容易对自己和周围的世界感到满足。

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　feel content with yourself and the world around you.  

Ⅴ.课文语法填空

Tibetan antelopes live on the plains of Tibet, Xinjiang, and Qinghai. 　1　(watch) them move slowly across the green grass, I'm struck by their beauty. I'm also reminded 　2　 the danger they are in. They are being hunted 　3　(illegal) for their valuable fur. 

My guide Zhaxi works at the Changtang National Nature Reserve, 　4　 is a shelter for the animals and plants of northwestern Tibet. To Zhaxi, the land is sacred and 　5　(protect) the wildlife is a way of life. 

The 1980s and 1990s　6　(be) bad times for the Tibetan antelope. Hunters were shooting antelopes 　7　(make) profits. Their habitats were becoming smaller as new roads and railways were built. 

In order to save this species from　8　(extinct), the Chinese government placed it under national protection. The measures were 　9　(effect). The antelope population has recovered and in June 2015, the Tibetan antelope was removed from the endangered species list. The government, 　10　, does not intend to stop the protection programmes, since the threats to the Tibetan antelope have not yet disappeared. 

1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　 

6.　　　 7.　　　 8.　　　 9.　　　 10.　　　 

能力提升练

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

Owls(猫头鹰)can be found in many parts of the world. And today, one kind of owl, the barred owl, is causing a problem in forests of the northwestern United States. Barred owls are a large species native to eastern North America, but they began moving west at the start of the 20th century. In parts of the Pacific Northwest, barred owls are now causing a drop in the population of a kind of smaller and less aggressive(侵略的) bird: the northern spotted owl. The U.S. Geological Survey is doing something unusual to protect spotted owls: killing barred owls. As a member of the department, David Wiens has mixed feelings about the program. “It's a little unpleasant, I think, to go out killing owls,” he says. “But we know that barred owls are really stronger than spotted owls and their numbers are growing too fast, so it makes sense to do that.”

It is a controversial(有争议的) program. “A decision not to kill the barred owl is a decision to make the spotted owl disappear,” says Bob Sallinger, a director at the non-profit National Audubon Society in Portland, Oregon. However, Marc Bekoff, a professor of ecology(生态学 ) and biology at the University of Colorado Boulder, strongly disagrees with the experiment and says humans should find another way to help spotted owls.

If reducing the barred owl population improves the number of spotted owls, the U.S. Geological Survey may consider killing more barred owls as part of a longer-term effort. Enough success has been noted for the experiment to be extended to August of 2021.

1.Why are barred owls being killed?

A.They are breaking the laws of nature.

B.They are killing each other to survive.

C.They are destroying large areas of forests.

D.They are putting the spotted owls in danger.

2.What is Wiens's attitude towards the program?

A.Doubtful.

B.Uncaring.

C.Supportive.

D.Negative.

3.Which is the best title for the text?

A.New Ways to Help Forests

B.How to Keep Ecological Balance

C.Killing One Species to Save Another

D.Time to Protect Animals

B

It is widely believed that biodiversity (生物多样性) is promoted to save species. But in reality species exist only as part of ecosystems and cannot survive unless their ecosystems are protected along with the diversity they contain as much as possible.

Protecting habitats is important for keeping biodiversity. In 2003, over 102,000 habitats covering nearly 19 million square kilometres, or 11.5% of the world's land surface,were under some form of protection. Though this has been a great improvement since 1962, when just l,000 protected habitats were listed, it is still not considered enough to stop the ecocide that is endangering the world's biodiversity. 

For a number of environmentalists, protecting the world's 25 biodiversity hotspots(热点地区) is critical to saving habitats and species. But many hotspots are endangered already, having lost up to three-quarters of their original plants.

The poor state of most biodiversity hotspots results directly from population growth and migration(迁移) into these areas. A study found that by the mid-1990s around 1.1 billion people had lived in these hotspots. Moreover, the annual population growth rate in these areas was 1.8%, higher than the global average of 1.4%. The PAI report concluded that human-related environmental changes would continue to put pressure on hotspots. Therefore, keeping biodiversity requires paying close attention to population size.

Protecting hotspots is not simply a matter of putting up fences or employing guards. The best results will be achieved when local people are educated about the value of wildlife, and actually gain a share of the benefits from eco-tourism. Only then do they have a chance to see the benefits of protecting hotspots.

4.What can we infer from Paragraph l?

A.The loss of any species can affect humans.

B.Endangered species are paid more attention to by humans.

C.Species can still survive when their ecosystems are destroyed.

D.Ecosystem protection is as important as diversity protection.

5.What does the underlined word “ecocide” in Paragraph 2 mean?

A.Ecosystem protection.

B.Reduction in the number of species.

C.Serious damage to habitats.

D.Habitat protection.

6.What's the direct cause of the terrible state of the hotspots?

A.Population growth in hotspots.

B.Migration out of these areas.

C.Global warming.

D.The global average population growth rate.

7.What's the author's opinion on protecting the hotspots?

A.It's simple to carry out.

B.It leads to the increase in tourists.

C.It's closely connected with local people.

D.It suggests that the local people be well educated.

Ⅱ.七选五

China has made great improvements in environmental protection during the past 70 years. 　1　 Each species on Earth has a role to play in the ecosystem. 

In recent decades,a series of wildlife-protection movements have been carried out by the central government. 　2　 The giant panda and the crested ibis(朱鹮) are among these successful stories.　 

The giant panda used to have a population of 1,114 in the 1970s. It now totals 1,864 thanks to 52 protection areas. 　3　 By the end of last year, seven of the nine released pandas had survived in the wild. 　4　 In 1981,only seven crested ibises were found in Yang County,Shaanxi Province.Since then,breeding programs have helped the population reach 2,000. China has even sent crested ibises to Japan and South Korea in recent years to help with the species' survival. 

　5　 Key projects will be continually carried out to improve protection,including making the lists of wild animals and plants under State protection,and also fighting against illegal wildlife trade, which includes ivory(象牙).  

A.Another species was once thought to be extinct.

B.Protecting wildlife is, without doubt, an important part.

C.China will continue its efforts in the wildlife protection.

D.People call for immediate protection of the remaining species.

E.Scientists have worked to feed pandas and then release them into the wild.

F.As environmental damage has increased, signs of change have appeared around the world.

G.Several species in danger of extinction have made impressive progress thanks to the methods.

1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　 

参考答案

基础过关练

Ⅰ.1.profit　2.removed　3.measure　4.shot　5.poster

6.habitat(s)　7.recovering　8.harmony

Ⅱ.1.watch over　2.die out　3.adapted to　4.be concerned about

5.On average

Ⅲ.1.adaptation　考查名词。句意:你认为这部电影改编本忠于这本书吗?设空处作主语,故用名词形式。adaptation在此处意为“改编本”。

2.to take　考查固定搭配。句意:这个孩子本打算把作业带回家做完,但他忘了。had intended to do sth.本打算做某事。

3.living　考查形容词。句意:十年以后,她把那台旧电话从客厅搬进了卧室。living居住的。living room客厅。

4.of　考查介词。句意:我在等待的时候,知道了房子里发生的一些事情。become aware of知道;意识到。故填介词of。

5.alarming　考查形容词。句意:令我们吃惊的是,在线开音乐会的人数正以惊人的速度增长。alarming意为“惊人的;令人惊恐的”,修饰事或物。

Ⅳ.1.do you feel cool　2.This is why　3.It's easy for you to

Ⅴ.1.Watching　考查现在分词。句意:看着它们慢慢地穿过绿色的草地,我被它们的美震撼。句子主语I和动词watch之间为主动关系,故本空应用现在分词形式作状语。

2.of　考查固定短语。句意:也使我想起了它们所处的危险。remind sb. of sth.意为“使某人想起某物”,故本空应填介词of。

3.illegally　考查副词。句意:因其珍贵的羊毛,它们(藏羚羊)正在被非法猎杀。本空修饰谓语动词,故填副词illegally。

4.which　考查非限制性定语从句。句意:我的向导扎西在羌塘国家级自然保护区工作,这个保护区是西藏西北地区动植物的庇护所。本空引导非限制性定语从句,修饰the Changtang National Nature Reserve,关系词在从句中作主语,故填关系代词which。

5.protecting　考查动名词。句意:对扎西来说,这片土地是神圣的,并且保护野生动物是一种生活方式。此处为动名词作主语。

6.were　考查动词的时态及主谓一致。句意:20世纪80年代和90年代是藏羚羊的苦难时期。根据The 1980s and 1990s可知此处描述过去发生的事情,本空应用一般过去时;且The 1980s and 1990s作主语,故填were。

7.to make　考查不定式。句意:(当时)猎人们正射杀藏羚羊以谋取利润。此处用动词不定式表目的。

8.extinction　考查名词。句意:为了拯救这一物种使其免于灭绝,中国政府将其置于国家保护之下。根据空前的介词from可知,本空应用名词形式。

9.effective　考查形容词。句意:这些措施是有效的。本空在句中作表语,故填形容词effective。

10.however　考查副词。句意:然而,政府并没有打算停止这些保护项目,因为对藏羚羊的威胁还没有消失。本句与上文之间为转折关系,且本空前后均为逗号,故填however。

能力提升练

Ⅰ.A

　本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了因为横斑猫头鹰对北方斑点猫头鹰的生存构成威胁,美国地质调查局出台了一个捕杀横斑猫头鹰的项目以挽救斑点猫头鹰,由此引发的不同观点。

1.D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“...barred owls are now causing a drop in the population of a kind of smaller and less aggressive(侵略的) bird: the northern spotted owl. The U.S. Geological Survey is doing something unusual to protect spotted owls: killing barred owls.”可知,横斑猫头鹰威胁到了北方斑点猫头鹰的生存,所以为了保护斑点猫头鹰,要捕杀横斑猫头鹰。故选D项。A项“它们正在违反自然规律”;B项“它们为了生存而互相残杀”;C项“它们正在毁坏大片森林”。

2.C　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“David Wiens has mixed feelings about the program. ‘It's a little unpleasant, I think, to go out killing owls,’ he says. ‘But we know that barred owls are really stronger than spotted owls and their numbers are growing too fast, so it makes sense to do that.’”可知,David Wiens对这个项目有一种复杂的感受,他认为去捕杀横斑猫头鹰有一点令人不舒服,但是横斑猫头鹰要比斑点猫头鹰更强壮,并且它们数量增长太快,所以这样做也是合乎情理的。由此可以推断,David Wiens对这个项目的态度是支持的。故选C项。A项“怀疑的”;B项“冷漠的”;D项“消极的”。本题容易误选A项,错误地根据文中的unpleasant 认为他对这个项目持怀疑的态度,但是unpleasant是形容出去捕杀猫头鹰这件事,他对这个项目的态度主要体现在“it makes sense to do that”这一句上,所以他对这个项目是支持的。

3.C　主旨大意题。综合全文来看,尤其是文中最后一段中的“If reducing the barred owl population improves the number of spotted owls, the U.S. Geological Survey may consider killing more barred owls as part of a longer-term effort.”可知,文章主要讨论通过捕杀横斑猫头鹰来增加斑点猫头鹰的数量,所以这篇文章最好的题目是“杀死一个物种来拯救另一个物种”,故选C项。A项“帮助森林的新方法”;B项“如何保持生态平衡”;D项“是时候保护动物了”。

B

　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了保护世界生物多样性,不仅要注重保护栖息地,也要关注热点地区的保护。

4.D　推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“But in reality species exist only as part of ecosystems and cannot survive unless their ecosystems are protected along with the diversity they contain as much as possible.”可知,事实上,物种仅作为生态系统的一部分而存在,除非它们的生态系统以及它们所包含的多样性尽可能多地得到保护,否则它们无法生存。由此可判断,生态系统保护与多样性保护同样重要。故选D。A项“任何物种的消失都会影响到人类”,第一段未提及;B项“濒危物种越来越受到人类的重视”,第一段未提及;C项“当生态系统遭到破坏时,物种仍然可以生存”与第一段信息相矛盾。

5.C　词义猜测题。根据“Though this has been a great improvement since 1962, when just 1,000 protected habitats were listed”和“that is endangering the world's biodiversity”可知,虽然受保护的栖息地增加,但仍然不足以阻止危及世界生物多样性的对栖息地的严重破坏。所以画线词ecocide 意为“对栖息地的严重破坏”。故选C。A项“生态保护”;B项“物种数量减少”;D项“栖息地保护”。

6.A　细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“The poor state of most biodiversity hotspots results directly from population growth and migration(迁移) into these areas.”可知,造成生物多样性热点地区糟糕状况的直接原因是人口增长和人口的迁入。故选A。B项“迁出这些地区”;C项“全球变暖”;D项“全球平均人口增长率”。注意B项为易错选项,直接原因是人口的迁入而不是迁出。

7.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句可知,当地人了解到野生动物的价值,并真正从生态旅游中获益后,才会取得最好的效果。只有那时,他们才有机会看到保护热点地区的好处。由此可知,作者的观点是保护热点地区应该与当地人密切联系起来。故选C。A项“它实施起来很简单”,由最后一段第一句可知A项错误;B项“它导致游客的增加”,文中未提及;D项“建议当地人应该接受良好的教育”与原文表述不符,文中只是说要教育当地人了解野生动物的价值。

Ⅱ.　本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了在过去的70年里,中国在环境保护方面取得了很大的进步,其中保护野生动物无疑是重要的一个环节。

1.B　 根据上句“China has made great improvements in environmental protection during the past 70 years.”可知,在过去的70年里,中国在环境保护方面取得了很大的进步。根据下句“Each species on Earth has a role to play in the ecosystem.”可知,地球上的每一个物种都在生态系统中发挥着一定的作用。所以保护野生动物无疑是重要的一部分。故选B。

2.G　根据上句“In recent decades, a series of wildlife-protection movements have been carried out by the central government.”可知,近几十年来,中央政府开展了一系列的野生动物保护运动。所以一些濒临灭绝的物种由于这些保护措施而取得了令人瞩目的进展。故选G。

3.E　根据下句“By the end of last year, seven of the nine released pandas had survived in the wild.”可知,到去年年底,放归的9只大熊猫中有7只在野外存活下来。所以科学家们致力于喂养大熊猫,然后将它们放归野外。故选E。

4.A　根据下文“In 1981, only seven crested ibises were found in Yang County, Shaanxi Province...China has even sent crested ibises to Japan and South Korea in recent years to help with the species' survival.”可知,1981年,在陕西省的洋县,只发现七只朱鹮。近年来,中国甚至将朱鹮送往日本和韩国,以帮助该物种的生存。所以另一个物种(朱鹮)曾经被认为已经灭绝。故选A。

5.C　根据下句“Key projects will be continually carried out to improve protection, including making the lists of wild animals and plants under State protection, and also fighting against illegal wildlife trade, which includes ivory.”可知,中国将继续实施重点工程以提高保护力度,包括制定国家保护下的野生动植物名录,还有与包括象牙在内的非法野生生物交易作斗争。所以中国将继续努力保护野生生物。故选C。