2021版新高考英语（北师大版）一轮复习教师用书：必修2Unit4Cyberspace

三言两语1.In recent years，Internet voting has become increasingly popular in China.2．To vote，or not to vote？This is a question that troubles him very much.3．Secondly，people can also choose to buy or sell whatever they want by the Internet，while traditional shops don't provide them with such great freedom.1.首先，在互联网的帮助下，人们在家在一台电脑前面办公，收发所需信息是有可能的。Firstly，with the help of the Internet，it's_possible_for_people_to_work_at_home with a computer in front，sending and getting the information they need.[it's＋adj.＋(for sb.) to do sth.]2．个人认为，仅凭网络投票的结果决定你是否胜出是不公平的。Personally，it_is_unfair_to_be_decided whether you are a winner or not only by the result of online voting.[it's＋adj.＋(for sb.) to do sth.] [单词　拼写应用]核心单词1．likely adj.有可能的 adv.(与most，very连用)可能2．focus vi.集中注意3．guide n．指南；导游，向导4．climate n．气候5．affect vt.影响6．attack n．& vt.攻击，进攻7．project n．课题；方案；工程8．disappear vi.消失9．suburb n．市郊，郊区10．destination n．目的地11．offer n．& vt.提供，提议；优惠12．crime n．犯罪；罪行13．crash vt.(汽车、飞机等)撞毁；坠毁14．average adj.平均的n.平均数15．historical adj.历史的，有关历史的16．locate vt.坐落于；位于17．tourism n．观光，游览[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空。1．For example，outdoor lighting severely affects (affect) migrating birds.2．Eating and drinking too much is likely to_give (give) one's stomach trouble.3．He finds it hard to_focus (focus) his thoughts on one thing for longer than five minutes.4．Atlanta was voted the best city in which to_locate (locate) a business by more than 400 chief executives.5．The soldier took his sword and attacked (attack) the enemy.6．Achieving your goal to be admitted by a first­grade university is only one of the destinations (destination) in your life.7．We rejected (reject) his idea for a music club，and decided to have an art club instead.8．I gratefully took the cup of coffee that she offered (offer) me.9．The plane crashed (crash) into the mountain，but luckily the pilot survived.拓展单词1．real adj.真实的，真的→reality n．真实，现实→realize vt.实现；意识到2．optimistic adj.乐观的→optimism n．乐观；乐观主义3．harm vt.& n．伤害，损害→harmful adj.有害的→harmless adj.无害的4．scientific adj.科学的→science n．科学→scientist n．科学家5．arrange vt.安排→arrangement n．安排6．settle vi.定居 vt.解决，使定居→settlement n．(新)定居地7．attract vt.吸引→attractive adj.吸引人的，有魅力的→attraction n．吸引力；具有吸引力的事物或人8．entertain v．娱乐；招待→entertainment n．娱乐；款待→entertaining adj.使愉快的；有趣的9．suggest vt.建议，提议→suggestion n．建议，提议10．terror n．恐怖→terrorist n．恐怖分子→terrorism n．恐怖主义→terrify vt.使恐怖；使惊吓→terrifying adj.令人恐怖的→terrified adj.感到恐怖的[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式或所给提示填空。1．These plays were a popular form of entertainment (entertain) in the 1920s and 1930s.2．In reality，I have realized that I must stop daydreaming and be realistic.(realise)3．The harmful materials became harmless to the environment after being dealt with.(harm)4．Parents arrange (arrangement) everything for their children and spare no effort to pave the way for their success.5．Destruction (destroy) of the environment is one of the most serious challenges we face.6．They provide an environment where you can practice under the guidance (guide) of someone who's good at the language.7．The chief engineer together with his colleagues has been looking for new scientific (science) methods of farming since five years ago.8．The man suggested that the manager should accept his suggestions which he thought were of great value.(suggest)9．The criminal is said to have committed many crimes before being arrested.(crime)10．Blackpool is the top tourist attraction in England.A number of visitors from all over the world are attracted by the attractive scenery there.(attract)阅读单词1．virtual adj.虚拟的2．pessimistic adj.悲观的，厌世的3．destruction n．破坏，毁灭4．military adj.军事的，军用的5．hacker n．电脑黑客6．global adj.全球的，全世界的7．surfing n．冲浪8．site n．(事物或事件发生)场所，位置9．spider n．蜘蛛10．fashion n．时髦，时尚1．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)When a student attacks a professor on the social media，the language used actually says more about the student.抨击2．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Freddy was an average student，but not an average person.普通的3．(全国卷Ⅱ)With 500 years of history，Hampton Court was once the home of four Kings and one Queen.Now this former royal palace is open to the public as a major tourist attraction.景点[短语　多维应用]高频短语1.hang_on(电话用语)别挂断2．get_in_touch 取得联系3．be_up_to  做，从事于；取决于4．in_the_flesh 本人亲身5．what's_more 而且 [语境运用]　选用左栏短语的适当形式填空。Bob and I have been good friends since we were very young，however，I couldn't ①get_in_touch with him recently.I don't know what he has ②been_up_to and I worry about him very much.I decide to pay a visit to him ③in_the_flesh，but my brother suggests that I (should) go on holiday with him.But I have to reject his suggestion.④What's_more，I have no time to go with him.6.come_true实现7．as_well_as  也，又8．cut_off  切掉，切断9．have_problems_with 在……方面有困难10．take_action  采取行动[语境运用]　选用左栏短语的适当形式填空。My father ⑤has_problems_with his health for several years.His friends ⑥as_well_as my family have been advising him to quit smoking，but he won't listen.He becomes too weak recently，so he has to follow our advice and ⑦takes_action to quit smoking.11.make_up 编造；构成12．as_if  好像，仿佛13．take_over  接收，接管14．consist_of  由……组成15．be_known_as 被认为是 [语境运用]　选用左栏短语的适当形式填空。Fifty students ⑧make_up our class.We all like our English teacher very much.He is over forty years old，but he looks ⑨as_if he were just thirty years old.He ⑩is_known_as a famous teacher in our county.It was last year that he ⑪took_over our class.We all think he is one of the best teachers in our school.[句式　结构仿写]教材原句背诵句式仿写应用1.It is＋adj.＋that...句型，其中it作形式主语...it is clear that we are going to see a huge growth in shopping on the Internet.很明显，2019年上映的卡通电影《哪吒》很受年轻人的喜爱。It_is_obvious_that，Ne Zha，the cartoon film which is on in 2019，is popular with the young people.2.as if引导表语从句...the use of computers with sounds and pictures that make you feel as if you are in a real situation.这肉尝起来似乎已经坏了。This meat tastes as_if it has already gone bad.3.have sth.done“让某物遭受”，过去分词作宾补Do you have anything planned for Saturday and Sunday？到了我们该更新网页的时候了。It's time for us to_have_our_website_page_updated.4.动词＋it＋形容词＋to do sth.But I still find it hard to imagine.许多专家认为让学生有足够的睡眠很重要。Many experts think_it_important_to_let students have enough sleep.1．likely adj.有可能的 adv.(与most，very连用)可能 be likely to do sth. 很可能做某事It is likely that... 很可能……Not likely. 绝不可能。(表示强烈反对)be much more likely to accept change可能会更容易接受变化 there were likely to be further attacks 很可能会有更多的袭击be likely to go on rising this year 今年可能会继续上升[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Students will help and learn from each other，and a friendship is likely to_be_formed (form)．②It is likely that you will suffer from bad health if you keep smoking.[链接写作]——句式升级(普通表达)They are likely to be fired by the company because of their fault.(高级表达)It_is_likely_that_they_will_be_fired_by_the_company because of their fault.(it作形式主语)2．focus vi.集中注意；(使)聚集 n．焦点，焦距，聚焦；(活动、兴趣等的)中心，集中点 (1)focus on/upon sth./sb.集中注意力于某物/某人focus one's attention/eyes on 注意力集中于(2)in focus 焦距对准；清晰out of focus 焦距没对准；模糊 be currently focusing on assessment and development 目前在关注评估和发展focus his message on the economy 将主题集中在经济方面focus their attention on the controversy 把关注的焦点放到争议上the main focus of her life她生活的重心[联想发散]　表示“集中(注意力、精力等)于……”的短语还有：①pay attention to　②put one's heart into③fix one's attention on　④concentrate on[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Most of us are more focused on our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day.②The children's faces were badly out of focus in the photograph.[链接写作]——一句多译他集中精力学习。①He focused_his_attention_on his study.(focus)②He fixed_his_attention_on his study.(fix)③He was_absorbed_in his study.(absorb)④He applied_himself_to his study.(apply)⑤He concentrated_his_attention_on his study.(concentrate)3．offer n．& vt.提供，提议；出价；优惠(1)offer sb.sth.＝offer sth.to sb. 主动把某物给某人offer to do sth.主动提出做某事(2)make an offer to do sth. 想要做某事make an offer of help/food 主动提供帮助/食物offer to teach them water­skiing 主动提出教他们滑水 offer his sympathy to us 向我们表示同情 be offering a quality service 提供水准一流的服务 [联想发散]　表示“提供给某人某物”的常见短语还有：①supply sb.with sth.＝supply sth.to sb.②provide sb.with sth.＝provide sth.for sb.[基础练习]——单句语法填空①The driver offered to_drive (drive) us to the station.②In a word，we should offer our help and love to the people in need.③When he graduated from college，he made an offer to_be_sent (send) to a remote village school.[链接写作]——一句多译如果你主动帮助别人，你最终会得到回报。①If_you_offer_to_help_people you'll eventually be rewarded.(offer v．)②If_you_make_an_offer_to_help_people you'll eventually be rewarded.(offer n．)4．harm vt.& n．伤害，损害 (1)do/cause harm to 对……造成伤害do sb.harm＝do harm to sb. 伤害某人；对某人有害mean no harm 无恶意 There is no harm in doing sth.做某事无害处(2)harmful adj.有害的be harmful to sth.对事物有害do harm to human beings对人有害ensure that no one comes to any harm 确保无人受到伤害there's no harm in asking问问也无妨[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Fruit juice can be harmful (harm) to children's teeth.②Fiercely debating with strong emotion hurts feelings and does harm to teamwork.[链接写作]——一句多译如果使用不当，这种药物会对你造成伤害。①If used improperly，the medicine will_do/cause_harm_to_ you/will_do_you_harm.(harm n．)②If used improperly，the medicine will_be_harmful_to_you. (harmful adj.)5．suggest vt.建议，提议；推荐；表明，暗示  (1)suggest (sb.'s) doing sth. 建议(某人)做某事suggest(that)．..(should)do 建议……(从句用虚拟语气)(2)suggestion n．提议，建议；意见；暗示make/offer/give a suggestion 建议，提议ask for a suggestion 征求建议 suggest how this might occur 说得清这事是怎么发生的 suggest taking her out to dinner for a change提议带她出去吃饭换换口味 [名师点津]　suggest表示“暗示，表明”时，其主语往往是事物，而不是人。这时suggest后的宾语从句不用虚拟语气。[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Someone suggested sending (send) his brother to the US for treatment.②Mother suggested that she (should)_adapt (adapt) herself to her new conditions in college as soon as possible.③Mr Li gave me a suggestion (suggest) that I (should) pay more attention to my handwriting.[链接写作]——一句多译在昨天的会议上我建议他放弃那个计划。①I_suggested_his_giving_the_plan_up at the meeting yesterday.(suggest doing...)②I_suggested_that_he(should)give_the_plan_up at the meeting yesterday. (suggest that...)③I_made_a_suggestion_that_he(should)give_up_the_plan at the meeting yesterday.(同位语从句)6．settle vi.定居，安家；停留vt.安排，处理；决定；安放；使定居 (1)settle down/get settled定居；稳定；平静下来settle(down)to sth. 开始专心于某事，着手认真做某事settle in/into 定居；迁入(新居)；适应(新工作)settle on 决定，选定；停留，降落(2)settler n．移居者settlement n．解决；住宅区settle the bill for my coffee 为我的咖啡付账the matter is settled 安排妥当了settle himself on the sofa 坐在沙发上a black dust settled on the walls 墙上落了一层黑色的粉尘let his eyes settle upon Cross's face目光落在了克罗斯的脸上[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Back from abroad，the couple decided to settle down in Nanning.②They settled down to a serious discussion over coffee.③But he finally settled on literature，particularly drama and poetry.7．view n．景色，风景；视野；观点；意见vt.眺望；观察；观看；看作；考虑 (1)come into view 看得见，进入视野in view 在视野范围内have a good view of 清楚地看到；饱览(2)in view of 鉴于；考虑到in one's view 在某人看来(3)view...as 把……看作have similar views on 在……上的看法相似 get a better view of the blackboard 更清楚地看到黑板上的内容 in full view of anyone who walked by 过往的人都能看见她 in my view things won't change 依我看，事情不会改变 be taking the long view 从长远角度考虑make your views known to sb.让……了解你的观点 [一词多义]——写出下列句中view的含义①People came from all over the world to view her work.观看②When the old man opened the window，a stranger with a high hat came into view.视野③He climbed up to the top of the church tower to get a better view of the entire city.景色④We'd like to find out young people's views on religion.观点[链接写作]——完成句子在我看来，为了增强体质，我们应该养成健康的饮食习惯。In_my_view，we should develop healthy eating habits to build up a strong body.8．average adj.平均的；普通的；正常的；平常的 n．平均数；平均水平；一般水准 v．平均为；计算出……的平均数 (1)an average of 平均有(后跟数词)(2)on(the)average 平均起来above/below (the) average 在平均水平以上/以下(3)average out 算出平均数it takes an average of ten weeks 平均需要10周的时间be only average academically学习成绩一般On an average we would be spending ￡300 per day.平均下来，我们每天要花费300英镑。below average rainfall降雨量低于平均值[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①The common cold is a good example：women，on average，get fewer colds than men.②Last year was the warmest year on record，with global temperature 0.68 ℃ above the average.③I spend the average of about $200 a year on books.the→an9．hang on(＝hold on) (电话用语)别挂断；坚持下去，抓住不放 (1)hang up 挂断电话hang out/about/around 闲逛hang together 团结，同心协力hang onto 抓紧不放；继续保留(2)get/have the hang of sth. 学会做某事的技巧hang on for a minute稍等一会儿managed to hang on 坚持了下来was unable to hang on to his lead 没能保住自己的领先地位[基础练习]——单句语法填空①I was hanging out with friends at 3 p．m.this Sunday.②Having struggled for several weeks，Lucy finally got the hang of learning physics.[链接写作]——完成句子①这是件困难的工作，但如果你坚持不渝，最后是能成功的。It's hard work but if you hang_on you'll succeed in the end.②我要保存那些旧照片，因为它们可能很有价值。I should hang_on_to those old photographs for they may be valuable.10．get in touch 取得联系 be in touch with 和……有联系lose touch with 和……失去联系be out of touch with 和……失去联系keep in touch with 和……保持联系[名师点津]　get in touch与lose touch表示短暂动作，不与一段时间连用；be in touch与be out of touch表示状态，可以与一段时间连用。get in touch with him tomorrow明天和他接头 get in touch with my inner self 了解内心的自我 get in touch more often多多联络 [基础练习]——单句语法填空①We're out of touch with our office in Spain.②We now keep in touch with him by writing letters.11.(be)up to 忙于，从事于；达到(数量/规格)；胜任；直到……为止；取决于；是……的责任 up to now 直到现在It is up to you. 随你的便/由你来决定。It is up to sb.to do sth. 该由某人做某事。will make it up to you会补偿你的I'll be up to see you tomorrow.我明天来看你。[一词多义]——写出下列句中up to的含义①Up to a certain point，the more stress you are under，the better your performance will be.达到②John was fired because he wasn't up to his work.胜任③It's up to you whether we accept the present or not.取决于④She was here up to a few minutes ago.直到……为止[链接写作]——完成句子是否继续上这门课程由她决定。It's_up_to_her_to_decide  whether or not to go on with the course.12．(教材P8)．..it_is_clear_that we are going to see a huge growth in shopping on the Internet.……很显然，我们将会看到网上购物的巨大增长。[句法句式]本句句型为：It is clear that...句型。在这一句型中，it为形式主语，that从句为真正的主语。(1)常用于这种结构的形容词有：clear，obvious，certain，important，possible，natural，interesting，likely，unusual等。(2)在It is necessary/important/strange/surprising/unthinkable/unbelievable/ incredible＋that...中，从句中的谓语动词常用“should＋动词原形”，should可省略。[名师点津]　在以上句型中，如果从句内容只是简单地陈述事实，谓语动词用陈述语气；如果从句内容并不是陈述事实，而是表达某种强烈的情感(要求、建议、命令、责备、惋惜、吃惊等)，谓语动词用虚拟语气，即“(should＋)do”形式。[基础练习]——单句语法填空①It is obvious that she is popular with students.②It is important that we (should)_discuss (discuss) the plan.[链接写作]——词汇升级(普通表达)It's clear that people's lifestyles now have changed a lot.(高级表达)Clearly/Obviously/Apparently people's lifestyles now have changed a lot.13．(教材P8)Some experts see our future in virtual reality—the use of computers with sounds and pictures that make you feel as_if you are in a real situation.有些专家看到虚拟现实的未来——(虚拟现实)是计算机通过声音和图像模拟现实，以使人感到仿佛置身于一个真实的空间。 [句法句式]as if(＝as though)意为“仿佛；好像；似乎”，常用在be，look，seem，sound，smell，feel等系动词的后面引导表语从句。(1)省略：如果as if/though引导的方式状语从句为主系表结构且其主语与主句主语一致，则可省略其中的主语和系动词。(2)语气：如果as if/though引导的从句表示实现的可能性很小或与事实相反，则用虚拟语气；如果实现的可能性较大，则用陈述语气。[基础练习]——单句语法填空①He opened his mouth as if to_say (say) something.②They talked as if they had_met (meet) before.③I remember the whole thing as if it happened (happen) yesterday.多维训练——夯实基础维度1——用所给词的正确形式填空1．It is suggested that we (should)_discuss (discuss) the problem.2．My German isn't up to translating (translate) that letter.3．Students will help and learn from each other，and a friendship is likely to_be_formed (form)．4．Indeed，the phone can bring great convenience to our life.However，it can be harmful (harm) to our friendship.5．Fortunately，a man made an offer to_take (take) him around the different spots.6．It seemed as if the bag had_been_pressed (press) by something heavy.7．Would you like to have your writing published (publish) in this magazine?维度2——在空白处填入一个适当的词1．Wait until the students settle down before you start the lesson.2．In view of the heavy smog，the school has taken various measures to protect the students.3．400 people a year die of this disease on average.4．They settled down to test papers when they came to the room.5．She also wanted to make sure she didn't lose touch with her friends in Taiwan.维度3——查缺补漏1．Up to now，we have_finished (finish) most of the work，and the rest of the work needs to be done in two days.2．We'll get in touch as soon as we know the results of the test.3．Fancy sitting (sit) in the sun and doing nothing all day!4．It is reported in the newspaper that several new subway lines are being built in Wuhan.5．Seeing the super star appear in the flesh，the crowd burst into cheers.语篇练习——提升能力提能一　单元话题语篇练根据P8教材课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。In the last thirty years，the Internet has grown 1.rapidly(rapid)，and this growth is 2.clearly(clear) going to continue.Some experts are pessimistic 3.about the future.One worry is crime in cyberspace.In the future，4.terrorists(terror) may “attack” the world's computers，cause chaos，and make planes and trains crash.5.However，many people are optimistic about the future of the Internet.Angela Rossetto says that in the next few years，it is clear that we are going to see a huge growth in shopping on the Internet.She also believes that，in the future，we will get 6.entertainment(entertain) from the Net and that television will 7.probably(probable) disappear.The mail service may also disappear with the 8.increasing(increase) use of e­mail.Some experts see our future in virtual 9.reality(real)—the use of computers with sounds and pictures that make you feel as if you are in 10.a real situation.提能二　单元话题写作练1．补全要点句(加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)①随着科学技术的快速发展，计算机应用于如此多的领域，以至于我们不能没有它。With_science_and_technology_developing_quickly，computers can be_ applied_to_such a number of fields that we can't go without it.②人们依靠计算机来解决各种问题，比如，探索月球。People can solve_all_kinds_of_problems by calculating on computers，for example，exploring the moon.③人们普遍认为在将来计算机不能替代人类。It_is_universally_believed_that computers can't take the place of human beings in the future.2．升级平淡句(1)用as引导的时间状语从句改写1中的①句：As_science_and_technology_develop_quickly，computers can be applied to such a number of fields that we can't go without it.(2)用what引导的主语从句改写1中的③句：What_is_universally_believed is that computers can't take the place of human beings in the future.3．衔接成美文(注意利用适当的过渡衔接词汇：as a result，anyhow)As science and technology develop quickly，computers can be applied to such a number of fields that we can't go without it.As a result，people can solve all kinds of problems by calculating on computers，for example，exploring the moon.Anyhow，what is universally believed is that computers can't take the place of human beings in the future.