2021高三统考外研英语一轮（经典版）学案：Book8　Module1　DeepSouth

Book 8   Module 1　Deep South

1．With the environment unspoiled, Antarctica attracts many tourists to pay a visit there every year.

由于环境未被破坏，南极洲每年吸引许多游客前来参观。

2．Antarctica is the coldest continent in the world, lying in south of the Antarctic Circle and it's covered by ice nearly all around the year.

南极洲是世界上最冷的大陆，位于南极圈以南，几乎全年被冰覆盖。

3．Great Wall Station is the first scientific expedition station established by China in Antarctica, founded on February 20,1985.

长城站是中国于1985年2月20日在南极建立的第一个科学考察站。

4．Lying in the remote and high location, Antarctica is the driest and coldest place in the world.

南极洲位处偏远，纬度又高，是世界上最干燥、最寒冷的地方。

自主排查 夯基固本

Ⅰ　　核心单词

(1)state (n.) 状态；状况 (v.) 陈述；声明→statement (n.) 陈述；声明→statesman (n.) 政治家

(2)depth (n.) 深度→deep (adj.& adv.) 深的；深深地→deeply (adv.) 强烈地；深刻地；非常→deepen (v.) 加深(理解)；深化

(3)extreme (adj.) 极端的；极度的→extremely (adv.) 极其

(4)trap (v.) 储存；留存→trapped (过去式)→trapped (过去分词)

(5)balance (v.) 使平衡 (n.)平衡→balanced (adj.) 平衡的

(6)test (n.) 试验 (v.) 测验

(7)promote (v.) 促进；增进→promotion (n.) 晋升；晋级→promotive (adj.) 增进的；提升的

(8)severe (adj.) 艰难的；艰巨的→severely (adv.) 严重地

(9)pure (adj.) 干净的；不含有害物质的→purely (adv.) 仅仅；完全

(10)abnormal (adj.) 不正常的；反常的→normal (反义词) (adj.) 正常的

(11)absence (n.) 缺乏；没有→absent (adj.) 缺席的；不在场的→present (反义词) (adj.) 在场的；出席的→presence (n.) 出席

(12)depressing (adj.) 令人沮丧的；令人抑郁的→depressed (adj.) 忧伤的；沮丧的→depress (v.) 使沮丧→depression (n.) 沮丧；(意志)消沉

(13)discourage (v.) 阻止；打消……的念头→encourage (反义词) (v.) 鼓励→courage (n.) 勇气→discouraged (adj.) 灰心的；丧气的→discouraging (adj.) 令人泄气的

(14)privilege (n.) 荣幸；特权

(15)reliability (n.) 可靠性→rely (v.) 依靠；依赖→reliable (adj.) 可靠的；可信赖的

(16)inspiration (n.) 鼓舞；启示；灵感→inspire (v.) 鼓舞；鼓励→inspiring (adj.) 令人鼓舞的→inspired (adj.) 受鼓舞的；有灵感的

Ⅱ　　阅读单词

(1)explorer (n.) 探险者→explore (v.) 探索；探究→exploration (n.) (对某地区的)勘察

(2)mass (n.) 块；堆，团

(3)treaty (n.) (国家或政府间的)条约；公约

(4)commercial (adj.) 商业的

(5)nuclear (adj.) 核的，核能的

(6)radioactive (adj.) (具有)放射性的

(7)voyage (n.) (乘船的)旅行；航行

(8)drift (v.) 漂流；漂泊

(9)ceremonial (adj.) 仪式性的；正式的→ceremony (n.) 仪式

(10)intense (adj.) 强烈的

(11)clothing (n.) 衣服；(尤指)某种服装

(12)portable (adj.) 轻便的；便携的

(13)sunrise (n.) 日出→sunset (n.) 日落

(14)tiresome (adj.) 烦人的；令人讨厌的

(15)isolated (adj.) 孤单的，孤立的

(16)platform (n.) 平台

　[单句语法填空]

1.The pool ranges from one meter to four metres in ________ (deep)．

答案：depth

2．The key is to develop a ________ (balance) and varied programme that's fun as well as progressive.

答案：balanced

3．The stream has frozen up and you can see the fish ________ (trap) in the ice.

答案：trapped

4．They thought his behaviour was ________ (normal), for he didn't behave as usual.

答案：abnormal

5．Aristotle once wrote that “happiness is ________ state of activity”．

答案：a

6．While waiting for the opportunity to get ________ (promote), Henry did his best to perform his duty.

答案：promoted/promotion

7．It was his ________ (absent) of mind during driving that resulted in a terrible accident.

答案：absence

8．Don't be so ________ (discourage). If you put away such feelings, you will do better next time.

答案：discouraged

9．It is ________ (extreme) cold outside, so you'd better put on more clothes if you go out.

答案：extremely

10．There was a ________ (depress) air in the office when the news of power cut was announced.

答案：depressing

1．ab­作否定前缀的词汇一览

①abnormal adj. 不正常的；反常的

②abuse v. 滥用

③absent adj. 缺席的；缺乏的；不存在的；心不在焉的

④absurd adj.荒谬的；荒诞的；荒唐可笑的；不合理的

2．sun构成的合成词

①suncream n. 防晒霜

②sunglasses n. 太阳镜；墨镜

③sunrise n. 日出

④sunset n. 日落

⑤sunshine n. 阳光

⑥sunshower n. 日光浴

3．extra­作前缀的词汇集锦

①extraterrestrial adj. 天外的；地球外的

②extraneous adj. 外来的；没有关联的

③extraordinary adj. 非凡的；特别的；离奇的

④extrapolate v. 推断

⑤extracurriculum adj. 课外的；业余的

⑥extravagant adj. 奢侈的；浪费的；过度的

1．set_foot_on　　　　　　　进入；到达

2．stand_out   突出

3．in_the_form_of   以……的形式

4．in_case_of   如果；假使

5．adapt_to   (使)适应

6．as a result   结果；因此

7．keep one's promise   信守诺言

8．come up with   想出

9．take a risk   冒险

10．in particular  特别；尤其

　[选词填空]

in case of, set foot on, adapt to, stand out, come up with, in the form of

1．This is the first time I have left my country and ________ foreign soil.

答案：set foot on

2．If you know first aid methods, you can be calmer and more helpful ________ emergency.

答案：in case of

3．It was the culture, rather than the language, that made it hard for him to ________ the new environment abroad.

答案：adapt to

4．Nowadays people are surrounded by information ________ TV advertising.

答案：in the form of

5．Her bright red hair makes her ________ in a crowd, so you will recognize her immediately.

答案：stand out

6．Is that the best excuse you can ________？

答案：come up with

1．make的相关结构

①be made from ... 由……制成(从制成物中看不出原材料)

②be made of ... 由……制成(从制成物中可看出原材料)

③be made in ... 在某地生产(制造)

④be made into ... 把……制成……

⑤be made up of 由……组成

2．foot/feet的相关短语

①set foot on 进入；到达；踏上

②on foot 步行

③put your foot in your mouth 说错话

④rise to one's feet 站起来

⑤set foot in 进入；涉足

⑥keep one's feet 站稳；不跌倒

⑦stand on one's own feet 自立

⑧struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来

答案：did the noise of the street stop

直击重点 突破考点

1. state　n．状态；状况；国家；政府；州　v．陈述；声明(P2)

(1)单句语法填空

①She is ________ a poor state of health, which worries her mother very much.

②In a brief ________ (state), he concentrated entirely on international affairs.

答案：①in　②statement

(2)单句写作

①In the face of failure, it is the most important to keep ____________________.

面对失败，最重要的是要保持良好的心态。

②____________ the president ____________ announcing new policies to deal with the new situation.

据称总统已经发表声明，宣布了应对新局势的新政策。

③He ____________ on the question at the meeting.

他在会上阐明了自己对这个问题的看法。

答案：①a good state of mind　②It is stated that; has made a statement　③stated his views

(1)in a ... state＝in a state of ... 处于……的状态

a good state of health/mind 良好的健康状况/心态

(2)statement n. 声明；陈述

issue/make a statement 发表声明

(3)It is stated that ... 据称……

state one's views 陈述自己的见解

2. balance　v．使平衡；权衡　n．平衡；平稳；秤；天平；余额(P3)

(1)单句语法填空

①Trees here don't grow taller, because the gardener doesn't want to break ________ balance of the scene.

②It has always been difficult for females to keep a balance ________ family and career.

答案：①the　②between

(2)单句改错

①I was depressed and my life seemed completely out of the balance.

________________________________________________________________________

②He cut down on coffee and cigarettes, and ate a balance diet.

________________________________________________________________________

答案：①去掉the　②balance→balanced

(3)单句写作

①The courts must ____________________________ the security of the nation.

法庭必须在我们的自由和国家安全之间作出权衡。

②She tries to ____________________________ career.

她力图兼顾家庭生活和事业。

③I ________________ and fell on my face.

我失去平衡，脸着地摔倒了。

④Meanwhile, the fate of the refugees continues to ________________.

与此同时，难民的命运仍然悬而未决。

⑤I would say that, ____________， it hasn't been a bad year.

总的说来，我觉得今年还不错。

答案：①balance our liberty against　②balance home life and/with　③lost my balance　④hang in the balance　⑤on balance

(1)balance ... against ...  权衡……与……

balance ... with/and ...  使……与……平衡

(2)keep/lose one's balance (使某人)保持/失去平衡

break the balance 打破平衡

be out of balance 失去平衡(强调状态)

be/hang in the balance 悬而未决；在危急状态中

on balance 全面考虑之后；总的来说

keep a balance between A and B 保持A与B之间的平衡

(3)balanced adj. 平衡的；均衡的

a balanced diet 均衡的饮食

3. discourage　v．阻止；打消……的念头(P11)

(1)单句语法填空

①His parents tried to discourage him from ________ (go) abroad, but failed.

②Michael Jordan didn't let a missed shot create ________ (discourage)．

③They do not have the courage ________ (apologise) for their actions.

答案：①going　②discouragement　③to apologise

(2)单句改错

①Herbie Hancock encouraged by his family to learn music at a young age.

________________________________________________________________________

②I had a talk with him, and encouraged him overcome his shortcomings.

________________________________________________________________________

答案：①encouraged前加was　②overcome前加to

(3)单句写作

①My father is a lawyer, and he __________________ the field.

我父亲是一名律师，他劝我别干这一行。

②Hearing the ____________， he ____________.

听了这个令人泄气的结果，他感到很灰心。

③We ____________ learn foreign languages at school.

在校时，学校鼓励我们学习外语。

答案：①discouraged me from entering　②discouraging result; felt discouraged　③were encouraged to

(1)discourage sb. from doing sth.劝某人不要做某事；使某人失去做某事的信心

discouraged adj. 沮丧的；灰心丧气的

be discouraged by 因……感到气馁

(2)discouraging adj. 令人泄气的；令人沮丧的

(3)discouragement n. 灰心；挫折；阻止

(4)courage n. 勇气

have the courage to do sth. 有勇气做某事

(5)encourage vt. 鼓励

encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事

encouragement n. 鼓励

1. stand out 显眼；杰出(P3)

(1)单句语法填空

①After several rounds of competition, the little girl stood ________ because of her excellent spoken English and quick response.

②How can you stand ________ and see him accused of something he didn't do?

③Is this building going to stand up ________ the strongest hurricanes?

答案：①out　②by　③to

(2)单句改错

Some parents worry about their children who are not able to stand up themselves in life.

________________________________________________________________________

答案：up后加for

(3)单句写作

A picture of pear  (yali)  ______________ “pressure”， which shares a similar pronunciation with the fruit in Chinese.

因为在汉语中水果鸭梨与压力谐音，所以人们用鸭梨的图片代表压力。

答案：stands for

stand by 袖手旁观；遵守(诺言、协议等)；支持

stand for 代表；主张；容忍；忍受

stand up 站起来；(论点、证据等)站得住脚；经得起(常与to连用)

stand up for 支持；维护

2. in case of 如果；假使；万一(P11)

④    单句改错

①In case fire, ring the alarm bell at once.

②In no case the patient be allowed to get up until he has recovered from his illness.

________________________________________________________________________

答案：①fire前加of　②case后加should

(2)单句写作

①I took my driving license with me on holiday, ____________ I wanted to hire a car.

我在度假时随身带着驾照，以备自己需要租车(时用)。

②________________， I'm going to try.

不管怎样我都要试试。

③____________________ language learning, Mandarin learning also asks for lots of practice.

学习普通话需要多多练习，这对语言学习来说是常有的情况。

④You probably won't need to call—but take my number, ____________.

你很可能无须打电话，不过还是记下我的电话号码吧，以防万一。

答案：①in case (that)　②In any case　③As is often the case with　④(just) in case

in case of＋名词/代词/动名词　万一；如果发生；假使

in case (that) ...  万一……；以防……

in no case 无论如何不；决不(位于句首句子用倒装)

in any case 无论如何；不管怎样

in this/that case 如果这样/那样的话

as is often the case (with ... ) (对……)这是常有的事

(just) in case 以防万一(用在句末)

特别提醒

像in no case一样，表示“决不”，放在句首时用部分倒装的短语还有：at no time, by no means, under no circumstances, in no way, on no occasion, in no sense等。

[教材原句]Protecting Antarctica from nuclear tests and radioactive waste is very important to this continent.

保护南极免受核试验和放射性废物的破坏对这一大陆来说非常重要。(P5)

单句语法填空

①________ is known to all that Tokyo will host the 2020 Olympic Games.

②It's no use ________ (ask) me. I don't know any more than you do.

③________ (tell) the truth is the best method in this situation.

答案：①It　②asking　③To tell

当动词不定式短语、动词－ing形式或从句作主语时，常用it作形式主语，位于句首，真正的主语(不定式短语、动词­ing形式或从句)放在句子后面。

课文回练 升华运用

Antarctica, the __1__ (cold) place on Earth, is the __2__ (five) largest continent in the world. The conditions there are quite extreme with nearly no rainfall. 98 percent of the surface __3__ (cover) permanently by ice and strong winds driven by gravity blow from the pole to the coastline. __4__， it is full of wildlife like the famous penguins, __5__ can adapt to its hard conditions. The ice there has become a window on the past with gases and minerals  __6__ (trap) in it. Not until the late 18th century did the British __7__ (explore) James Cook cross the Antarctic Circle. Then in 1895, a Norwegian explorer called Carstens Borchgrevink set foot __8__ the Antarctic mainland. In 1961, 12 countries signed a treaty to make __9__ the world's biggest nature reserve. Today scientists from all over the world go there __10__ (study) its resources and to work together for progress and peace.

1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5.________　6.________　7.________　8.________　9.________　10.________

答案：1.coldest　2.fifth　3.is covered　4.However　5.which　6.trapped　7.explorer　8.on　9.it　10.to study