2021高三统考外研英语一轮（经典版）学案：Book3　Module4　SandstormsinAsia

Book 3　Module 4　Sandstorms in Asia

1．Sandstorms have become so widespread that they have severely affected people's daily life and held back economic growth.

沙尘暴变得如此广泛，已经严重影响到人们的日常生活以及经济发展。

2．Some proper measures appear_to_have_been_adopted to deal with the serious problem.

人们似乎已经采取了一些适当的措施来处理这个严重的问题。

3．There is no denying the fact that sandstorms have become a serious problem with_which we are confronted.

无可否认的事实是沙尘暴已经成了我们面临的一个严重问题。

4．To_have_been_caught in a sandstorm was so frightening that no one wanted to experience it.

遭遇沙尘暴是如此可怕，没人愿意经历。

自主排查 夯基固本

Ⅰ　核心单词

(1)frightening (adj.) 吓人的；可怕的→frighten (v.) 使惊吓；惊恐→frightened (adj.) 害怕的；受惊吓的→fright (n.) 惊吓

(2)process (n.) 进程；过程 (vt.) 处理；加工

(3)forecast (vt.) 预报；预告 (n.) 预测；预报；预示

(4)strength (n.) 力量；力气→strengthen (vt.) 加强→strong (adj.) 坚强的；强壮的→strongly (adv.) 坚强地

(5)cycle(vi.) 骑自行车→bicycle (n.) 自行车→cyclist (n.) 骑自行车(脚踏车)的人

(6)chemical (n.) 化学药品→chemistry (n.) 化学→chemist (n.) 化学家；药剂师

(7)environment (n.) 环境→environmental (adj.) 环境的

(8)pollution (n.) 污染→pollute (vt.) 污染

(9)recycle (v.) 重新利用；再循环

(10)concerned (adj.) 关心的；担心的→concern (n.& v．) 关心；担心→concerning (prep.) 关于

(11)evidence (n.) 根据；证明→evident (adj.) 明显的；显然的

(12)major (adj.) 主要的；多数的 (vi.) 主修→majority (n.) 大多数

(13)urgent (adj.) 紧急的→urge (vt.) 催促；极力主张

(14)complain (vi.) 抱怨；发牢骚→complaint (n.) 抱怨

(15)protection (n.) 保护→protect (vt.) 保护

Ⅱ　阅读单词

(1)sandstorm (n.) 沙尘暴

(2)inland (adj.) 内地的；内陆的

(3)mass (adj.) 大量的；大规模的

(4)campaign (n.) 战役；活动

(5)dune (n.) 沙丘

(6)desertification (n.) (土地的)沙漠化→desert (n.) 沙漠

(7)citizen (n.) 公民；市民

(8)dust (n.) 沙尘；灰尘→dusty (adj.) 布满灰尘的

(9)mask (n.) 面罩

(10)atmosphere (n.) 大气；大气层

(11)melt (vi.) 融化

(12)coastal (adj.) 沿海的→coast (n.) 海岸

(13)nutshell (n.) 坚果壳；简单的一句话

(14)scary (adj.) 恐怖的；吓人的

(15)absolutely (adv.) 绝对地；完全地→absolute (adj.) 绝对的；完全的

　[单句语法填空]

1.Going into hospital can be very  ________ (frighten) for a child.

答案：frightening

2．On the whole, these people are peace­loving, law­obeying  ________ (citizen)．

答案：citizens

3．________ (cycle) is good exercise. It strengthens all the muscles of the body.

答案：Cycling

4．I am willing to devote myself to the  ________ (environment) protection, and ready to make my own contribution.

答案：environmental

5．The problem of  ________ (pollute) arises along with the rapid development of industry.

答案：pollution

6．A lot of the plastics that carmakers are using cannot  ________ (recycle)．

答案：be recycled

7．Everybody is  ________ (concern) about the future of his country.

答案：concerned

8．The American couple  ________ (complain) about the high cost of visiting Europe.

答案：complained

9．The new system is very complicated, but I will try to explain it  ________  a nutshell.

答案：in

10．He replied that this was  ________ (absolute) impossible.

答案：absolutely

1．­tion结尾的名词集锦

①desertification   (土地的)沙漠化

②pollution 污染

③protection 保护

④application 申请

⑤competition 竞争

⑥description 描述

2．fore­作前缀的词汇集锦

①forecast vt. 预报；预告

②forearm n. 前臂

③forehead n. 前额

④foreknowledge n. 预知

⑤foreman n. 领班，工头

⑥foresight n. 先见之明，预见，深谋远虑

⑦foretaste n. 预先的体验；预示

⑧foretell v. 预言，预知

3．“着急”家族

①urgent adj. 紧急的

②impatient adj. 着急的，没耐心的

③anxious adj. 焦急的

1．cut_down  砍倒；削减

2．be_caught_in  突然遭遇(风暴等)

3．wake_up_to  醒来面对；意识到

4．one_after_another  一个接一个地

5．have_a_bad_effect_on  对……有坏影响

6．take in  吸收；收养；收留

7．give out  放出；发出；用完；耗尽

8．can't help but   不得不

9．in a nutshell  简言之；概括地讲

10．look through  浏览

　[选词填空]

cut down, take in, wake up to, give out, be caught in, in a nutshell

1．Brett's always ________ homeless animals.

答案：taking in

2．The police are doing all they can to ________ the accidents.

答案：cut down

3．My money was beginning to ________ and there were no jobs to be found.

答案：give out

4．I  ________ the rain and my suit has been ruined.

答案：was caught in

5．He hasn't yet ________ the seriousness of the situation.

答案：woken up to

6．To put it ________， we're bankrupt (破产的)．

答案：in a nutshell

1．effect的短语搭配

①have an effect on/upon ... 对……有(坏)影响

②come/go into effect 开始生效；开始实施

③bring/put/carry ... into effect实行；使生效

④in effect有效；在实施中；实际上

⑤take effect 生效，起作用

2．give的短语搭配

①give out 放出；发出；用完，耗尽

②give in屈服，让步

③give off 发出

④give away 捐赠；泄露；分送；送掉

⑤give up放弃

3．“be ＋过去分词＋in”结构小结

①be caught in突然遭遇(风暴等)

②be absorbed in专注于某事

③be dressed in 穿着

④be engaged in 忙于某事

⑤be lost in陷入……

答案：1.have never read a more moving one　2.If not

直击重点 突破考点

１．strength　n．力量；力气；长处；优势；强度；坚强(P32)

(1)单句语法填空

①He hasn't got enough strength ________ (remove) that stone.

②He hoped  ________ (strength) the position of the sciences in the leading universities.

答案：①to remove　②to strengthen

(2)单句改错

Before going into the Asian market, they thought carefully of their strength and weaknesses.

_________________________________________________________________

答案：strength→strengths

(3)单句写作

①He pushed against the rock ______________________.

他用全力推那块石头。

②Practising Chinese kung fu can not only __________________， but also develop one's character.

练习中国功夫不仅能够增强人的体质，还能培养人的性格。

答案：①with all his strength　②build up one's strength

(1)strong adj. 强壮的；坚强的

(2)have the strength to do sth. 有力气/意志做某事

with all one's strength 用上全身的力气

strengths and weaknesses 长处和短处

build up one's strength 强身健体；增强体力

(3)strengthen vt. 加强；巩固

２．complain　vi.抱怨；发牢骚(P36)

(1)单句改错

①People complain whether they don't get enough information.

_________________________________________________________________

②Claire is so angry that she threatens to make a complaint about their boss.

_________________________________________________________________

答案：①whether→that　②about→to

(2)单句写作

①One of their neighbours has written to ____________ the noise of the traffic.

他们的一个邻居写信抱怨车辆噪声。

②I'm going to __________ the manager ________ this.

我要就这件事向经理投诉。

③I'd like to __________________ the dogs barking.

我要就狗吠扰民提出投诉。

答案：①complain about　②complain to; about　③make a complaint about

(1)complain  that ... 抱怨……

complain about/of 关于……投诉/抱怨

complain to sb. 向某人抱怨/投诉

(2)complaint n. 抱怨；投诉

make a complaint to sb. 向某人抱怨/投诉

make a complaint about/of sth. 抱怨/投诉某事

１．cut down砍倒；缩减；降价(P31)

(1)单句语法填空

①His mother has to cut  ________  all his food for him.

②While Mary was telling her story, Tom kept cutting ________ on her.

③Cut  ________  this article and show it to your bank manager.

答案：①up　②in　③out

(2)单句改错

The rope was too long, so we cut it in a half.

_________________________________________________________________

答案：去掉a

(3)单句写作

①People have __________ too many trees in the village in the past decade.

在过去的十年里，人们砍伐了村子里太多的树。

②If you want to ________________ your spending, a good goal would be  making morning coffee at home instead of going to a café.

如果你想削减开支，你可以早晨在家自制咖啡而不是去咖啡馆。

③When their children lived far away from them, these old people felt ____________ from the world.

当孩子们住得离老人很远时，这些老人就会觉得与外界隔绝了。

答案：①cut down　②cut down on　③cut off

cut down (on ...) 削减；减少

cut across 抄近路穿过；走近路

cut in 插嘴

cut off 切断；停止；隔绝

cut out 切下；剪下；删掉

cut up 切碎；使伤心

cut sth. in half 将……对半切开

２．take in 吸收；收养；理解；理会；欺骗，上当；改小(衣服)；包括(P35)

(1)单句语法填空

①Don't let yourself be taken ________ by his tricks.

②The plane took ________ despite the fog.

③Please speak slowly so that I can take ________ your name and address.

④Our company has taken ________ a new clerk.

答案：①in　②off　③down　④on

(2)单句改错

①I know you're busy and I wouldn't want to take in too much of your time.

_________________________________________________________________

②I found it easy to take on what the teacher had taught.

_________________________________________________________________

答案：①in→up　②on→in

(3)单句写作

①When the clock stopped, he ____________， found what was wrong, and put the whole thing together again.

钟停以后，他把它拆开，查出毛病所在，又把它重新组装了起来。

②A new person has been appointed ____________ his work.

已经派人来接替他的工作。

答案：①took it apart　②to take over

take apart 拆开；分开

take down 记下；写下；拿下

take off 脱下；起飞；休假；(事业)成功

take on 呈现；雇用；承担

take over 接收；接管

take up 占据；开始从事

３．give out 分发；发布，公布(消息等)；发出，放出(光、热、气体等)；用完；耗尽；精疲力竭；失灵，停止起作用(P35)

用give短语完成下列句子

①Ever if we meet with difficulties, we never ________ hope.

②Bill Gates is so generous that he has ________ most of his money to charity.

③They argued back and forth until finally Tom ________.

④The sun ________ light and heat to the earth.

答案：①give up　②given away　③gave in　④gives out/off

give away 泄露；赠送；分发；出卖

give off 发出(气味、光、声音、热等)；散发

give in (to ...) 投降；屈服

give up 放弃；停止

特别提醒

give out在表示“分发；分配；宣布；放出；发出(声音、气味等)”时，是及物动词短语，但在表示“用尽；用完”时，与run out一样，是不及物动词短语，而use up和run out of是及物动词短语，有被动语态，主语往往是人。

１．[教材原句]“To have been caught in a sandstorm was a terrible experience，” he said.

“遇上沙尘暴是一种可怕的经历，”他说。(P32)

(1)单句语法填空

①What I would suggest is  ________ (put) off the meeting.

②This is the best way  ________ (solve) the problem.

答案：①to put　②to solve

(2)单句写作

①Don't ____________________. Just do what you should.

不要假装努力工作。做你该做的事。

②He is said __________________ to attend a meeting.

据说他已被邀请去参加一个会议。

答案：①pretend to be working hard　②to have been invited

(1)若不定式的动作与谓语动作同时发生或发生在谓语动作之后，不定式用一般式。

(2)若不定式的动作与谓语动作同时发生，并强调动作正在进行或持续进行，不定式用进行式。

(3)若不定式的动作发生在谓语动作之前或强调动作已经发生，不定式用完成式。

(4)当不定式的逻辑主语与不定式是被动关系时，不定式一般用被动式。

２．[教材原句]The storms sometimes continue all day and traffic moves very slowly because the thick dust makes it difficult to see.

风暴有时持续一整天，车辆开得很慢，因为浓浓的尘埃降低了能见度。(P32)

(1)单句语法填空

①I don't think it possible ________ (master) a foreign language without good memory.

②We found  ________  difficult to get along with him.

答案：①to master　②it

(2)单句改错

No matter where he is, he makes a rule to go for a walk before breakfast.

_________________________________________________________________

答案：makes后加it

(3)单句写作

①The heavy snow ____________________ there on time.

这场大雪使得他们不可能按时到达那儿。

②He __________________ a poem every morning.

他养成了每天早晨背诵一首诗的习惯。

答案：①made it impossible for them to get　②makes it a rule to recite

(1)make it＋adj./n. (for sb.) to do ...  结构意为“使得(某人)做某事……”，其中make是使役动词，it为形式宾语，形容词为宾语补足语，不定式短语是真正的宾语。

(2)常用于该结构的动词还有feel, think, believe, find, consider等。构成：feel/think/believe/find/consider＋it＋adj./n.＋(for sb.) to do/that ...

特别提醒

该结构中若宾语补足语是“no use”或“no good”时，真正的宾语不用不定式结构，而改用“doing sth.”。

课文回练 升华运用

Sandstorms, strong and dry winds __1__ carry sand, have struck some Asian countries for centuries. As a result of “desertification”， sandstorms in China seem __2__ (increase) in recent years. This process happens __3__ land becomes desert.  Northwest China is part of the sandstorm centre in Central Asia. Therefore, sandstorms have __4__ very bad effect on Beijing, __5__ (especial)  on its weather and traffic. People give frightening __6__ (describe) of their terrible experience in a sandstorm. __7__ (solve) the problem, many ways have been tried. For example, in order to stop the desert __8__ (come) nearer, which is only 250 km away to the west of Beijing, the government is planting trees. So far, over 30 billion trees __9__ (plant) and for the next five years, __10__  (many) trees will be planted.

1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5.________　

6.________　7.________　8.________　9.________　10.________

答案：1.that/which　2.to have increased　3.when　4.a

5．especially　6.descriptions　7.To solve　8.coming　9.have been planted　10.more