2021高三统考外研英语一轮（经典版）学案：Book3　Module3　TheViolenceofNature

Book 3　Module 3　The Violence of Nature

1．A severe earthquake almost destroyed everything, leaving many buildings in ruins.

一场强烈的地震几乎毁了一切，令很多建筑成为废墟。

2．Crops are destroyed in a flood, which gradually results in increased food prices due to food shortages.

洪水毁坏了农作物，这逐渐导致由食物短缺引起的食品价格上涨。

3．California wildfires caused a lot of homes and other buildings to burn to ashes and many people were reported killed, making it the deadliest in state's recorded history.

加州山火令很多房屋和建筑烧为灰烬，据报道很多人在火中丧生，使得它成为该州有史以来最致命的山火。

4．There is the possibility of life­threatening floods during the next 48 hours in many coastal areas.

在沿海地区未来48小时内有可能会出现危及生命的洪灾天气。

自主排查 夯基固本

Ⅰ　核心单词

(1)flood (n.) 洪水

(2)experience (vt.) 经历 (n.) 经历(可数)；经验(不可数)→experienced (adj.) 有经验的

(3)cause (vt.) 引起；导致 (n.) 原因；事业；目标

(4)furniture (n.) 家具→furnish (vt.) 配备；装备

(5)bury (vt.) 埋葬→burial (n.) 葬礼；掩埋

(6)occur (vi.) 发生→occurrence (n.) 发生；出现

(7)violent (adj.) 猛烈的；激烈的；强烈的→violence (n.) 暴力

(8)strike (vt.& n．) (雷电、暴风雨等)袭击 (n.) 罢工→struck (过去式)→struck/stricken (过去分词)

(9)possibility (n.) 可能；可能性→possible (adj.) 可能的→possibly (adv.) 可能地

(10)terrifying (adj.) 吓人的；可怕的→terrified (adj.) 恐惧的；受惊吓的→terrify (vt.) 使恐惧；惊吓→terror (n.) 恐惧；惊恐

(11)luckily (adv.) 幸运地；幸亏→lucky (adj.) 幸运的→luck (n.) 好运；运气

(12)thankfully (adv.) 感激地；满怀感谢地→thankful (adj.) 感激的；感谢的→thank (v.) 感谢

(13)hopefully (adv.) 满怀希望地；有希望地→hopeful (adj.) 有希望的→hope (n. & v．) 希望；期望

(14)sadly (adv.) 伤心地；不幸地→sad (adj.) 悲伤的→sadness (n.) 悲伤

(15)warning (n.) 警告→warn (v.) 警告

(16)active (adj.) 积极的；活跃的→actively (adv.) 积极地；活跃地

(17)damage (n.& v．) 损失；损害

Ⅱ　阅读单词

(1)disaster (n.) 灾难

(2)hurricane (n.) 飓风

(3)lightning (n.) 闪电→light (n.) 光 (v.) 点燃

(4)thunderstorm (n.) 雷暴

(5)tornado (n.) 龙卷风

(6)column (n.) 柱状物

(7)current (n.) 海流；潮流

(8)latitude (n.) 纬度

(9)feather (n.) 羽毛

(10)tropical (adj.) 热带的

(11)equator (n.) 赤道

(12)rotating (adj.) 旋转的；循环的

(13)wave (n.) 波浪

(14)erupt (vt.) (火山的)爆发；喷发→eruption (n.) 爆发；喷发

(15)volcano (n.) 火山

(16)previous (adj.) 以前的→previously (adv.) 以前地

(17)worldwide (adj.) 全世界的

　[单句语法填空]

1．The young man has not yet recovered from his early  ________ (experience)．

答案：experiences

2．I was looking for my handbag, which  ________ (bury) under a pile of old newspapers.

答案：was buried

3．An earthquake hit the capital,  ________ (cause) panic among the population.

答案：causing

4．The explosion  ________ (occur) during an exercise near the town.

答案：occurred

5．Immediately a great fear fell on her. She shut the door  ________ (violent), and ran away.

答案：violently

6．Wilde fell and  ________ (strike) his head on the stone floor.

答案：struck

7．Then a lake formed, probably after an  ________ (erupt) blocked some rivers or streams.

答案：eruption

8．We were not in the least worried about the  ________ (possible) that sweets could rot the teeth.

答案：possibility

9．The biting cold was more  ________ (terrify) than anyone could have imagined.

答案：terrifying

10．________ (hopeful), you've found Franklin's and the others' advice helpful.

答案：Hopefully

自然灾害词汇集锦

①flood洪水

②earthquake地震

③drought干旱

④aftershock 余震

⑤tsunami 海啸

⑥mudslide 泥石流

⑦landslide 山体滑坡

⑧haze 霾

1．pick_up　捡起；接收(信号)；卷起；掀起；搭载；偶然学会

2．take_off  去掉；起飞；突然成功；脱掉

3．on_average  平均起来

4．end_up  结果为……，以……结束

5．wake_up  睡醒；醒来

6．set fire to  放火(焚烧)……

7．catch fire   着火

8．put out  扑灭(火)

9．in all  总共；共计

10．take place   发生；举行

　[选词填空]

pick up, put out, in all, on average, end up with, set fire to

1．There were twelve of us ________ for dinner.

答案：in all

2．You can ________ what astronauts call a carbon－dioxide headache.

答案：end up with

3．The boy went down to ________ the wallet on the ground.

答案：pick up

4．The police were trying to find out who ________ the shop.

答案：set fire to

5．The price of the egg is eight yuan per kg________.

答案：on average

6．Without firemen, the villagers around tried many ways to ________the fire.

答案：put out

1．pick短语小结

①pick up 捡起；学会；接收(信号)

②pick off  瞄准射击；采摘；挑选

③pick on 捉弄；欺负；挑剔；批评

④pick out  挑出，辨认出

⑤pick at 吃一点点；扯；找茬

2．“fire”家族

①set fire to ... 放火烧……

②catch fire 着火

③be on fire 着火；在燃烧

④start a fire 生火，点火

⑤make a fire 生火

⑥put out a/the fire 灭火

⑦play with fire 玩火

⑧open fire (战争等)开火

⑨be on fire for ...  对……狂热/喜欢

答案：1.making it famous　2.that I have ever seen

直击重点 突破考点

１．experience　vt.经历；体验　n．[C](一次)经历，体验；[U](由实践得来的)经验(P21)

(1)单句语法填空

①Students meet once a month to discuss their  ________ (experience)．

②As a nurse, she has rich experience ________ looking after children.

答案：①experiences　②in

(2)单句改错

Some people learn by experiment and others learn by experiences.

_________________________________________________________________

答案：experiences→experience

(3)单句写作

①Don't correct him all the time; he'll learn   __________.

别总是纠正他，他会从经验中学习。

②I ________________ doing this kind of job.

做这种工作我很有经验。

答案：①by/from experience　②am experienced in

(1)experience n.

have rich/much experience in/of/with sth. 在某事方面有经验

by/from experience 凭经验，从经验中(得出)

in sb.'s experience 据某人的经验来看

(2)experience sth. 体验/经历/感受某事

(3)experienced adj. 有经验的

be experienced in (doing) ... 在(做)……方面有经验

２．bury　vt.埋葬；遮盖；使专心(P22)

(1)单句语法填空

He was buried ________  his study, so you'd better not disturb him.

答案：in

(2)单句写作

①He ____________________ and wept.

他双手掩面而泣。

②Since she left, he has ______________ his work.

自从她离开后，他全心扑在工作上。

答案：①buried his face in his hands　②buried himself in

埋头于，专心于

bury one's face/head in sth. 把脸/头埋在某物里面

３．occur　vi.发生；出现；(想法、念头等)想起；浮现(P22)

(1)单句语法填空

①The traffic accident ________ (occur) yesterday morning.

②Such a simple explanation never occurred  ________  me!

答案：①occurred　②to

(2)单句改错

Didn't it occur to you turn to the policeman for help?

_________________________________________________________________

答案：turn前加to

(3)单句写作

①I suppose ________ didn't ____________ you ____________ the police.

我想你根本就没想到打电话报警。

②________ had never ________________________ he might be falling in love with her.

他从未想到自己会爱上她。

答案：①it; occur to; to call　②It; occurred to him that

(1)It occurs/occurred to sb.某人想到……

(2)Sth.  occur(s)/occurred to sb. 某人想到某事；某事浮现在某人的脑海中

４．strike　vt.(雷电、暴风雨等)袭击；突然想到；敲钟，报时；擦，划(火柴)　n．(雷电、暴风雨等)袭击；罢工(P23)

(1)单句语法填空

①I was deeply struck  ________  the beauty of the Great Wall.

②Staff at the hospital went ________ strike to protest against the incident.

答案：①by　②on

(2)单句改错

①The stone struck him in his right eye.

_________________________________________________________________

②Workers of the mine were on the strike, demanding better working conditions.

_________________________________________________________________

答案：①his→the　②去掉strike前的the

(3)单句写作

______________ I had left my purse in the office.

我突然想到我把钱包落在办公室了。

答案：It struck me that

(4)选词填空(strike/beat/hit/knock)

An idea ________ him that his friend lived nearby when a stone ________ him on the head, so he went up to ________ at the door with his heart ________ faster.

答案：struck; hit; knock; beating

(1)strike sb.＋介词＋the＋身体部位　击打某人某处

be struck by 被……打动

sth. strikes/struck sb. 某人突然想起某事

It strikes/struck sb. that ... /It strikes/struck sb. to do ... 某人突然想到……

strike a match 划火柴

(2)be on strike 在罢工(状态)

go on strike 举行罢工(动作)

[易混辨析]

１．end up结果为……，以……结束(P23)

(1)单句语法填空

①Our game always ends up  ________  a quarrel.

②He ended up  ________ the head of the company.

③With prices going up, I find it hard to make  ________ (end) meet.

答案：①in　②as　③ends

(2)单句改错

①It is high time that we put an end with this discussion.

_________________________________________________________________

②Now I want to know about this thing from begin to end.

_________________________________________________________________

答案：①with→to　②begin→beginning

(3)单句写作

①If you try to remember everything you will ________________ nothing.

如果你想记住所有内容，结果反而会什么也记不住。

②The meeting ____________________ at last.

会议终于结束了。

③It rained for three days ____________.

雨连续下了三天。

答案：①end up remembering　②came to an end　③on end

(1)end up in 以……告终；结果为……

end up with 以……结束(指以某种方式结束)

end up as 最终成为……

end up doing sth. 最终以做某事而结束

(2)come to an end 结束(不及物)

put an end to 结束(及物)

from beginning to end 从头至尾；自始至终

on end 连续地

make (both) ends meet 使收支相抵；量入为出

１．[教材原句]They can destroy houses, but leave the furniture inside exactly where it was.

它们能毁掉房屋，却把房内的家具留在原处。(P23)

(1)单句语法填空

①Leave the medicine  ________  the children can't reach it.

②The news left me  ________ (wonder) what would happen next.

③Leave your kids ________ they are and they will grow in a healthy way.

答案：①where　②wondering　③as

(2)单句改错

①The bad weather left the project half finishing.

_________________________________________________________________

②Leave the rice cook for 20 minutes at least.

_________________________________________________________________

答案：①finishing→finished　②cook前加to

(3)单句写作

①As soon as I'd shut the door, I realized I'd ________________.

我刚关上门，就想起钥匙留在里面了。

②I purposely __________________ at night because I know I'll be blamed by Mom.

我故意晚上开着窗子，因为我知道妈妈会责备我。

答案：①left the keys inside　②leave the window open

(1)leave＋宾语＋(宾补)

(2)leave sb./sth.＋

２．[教材原句]Coghlan travelled back to Canada—after he had been buried in Texas!

埋葬于得克萨斯州的科格伦又回到了加拿大！(P23)

(1)单句语法填空

①In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home, and wireless phones ________ (invent) yet.

②On my recent visit, I held a lively three－month－old twin that ________ (reject) by its mother.

答案：①hadn't been invented　②had been rejected

(2)单句写作

①My classmate told me that __________________  by his teacher.

我同学告诉我他已经受到了老师的惩罚。

②We all thought  that ______________ in the plane crash.

我们都以为他在飞机失事中丧生了。

答案：①he had been punished　②he had been killed

(1)过去完成时的被动语态表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成了的被动动作。该动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”；这一过去时间可用by, before等构成的短语或when, after, until等引导的从句或通过上下文来表示。

(2)用在含有被动形式的间接引语或宾语从句中，常放在像said, told, thought, wondered等词的后面，表示在这些过去发生的动作之前已经发生的动作。

课文回练 升华运用

A tornado is a __1__ (rotate) column of air from a thunderstorm to the ground. Almost all of __2__ occur in the area from Texas in the southeast to South Dakota in the north.

Tornadoes can cause much __3__ (destruct). On average there are 800 __4__ (tornado)  in the US each year. The worst one of all time was in 1925, __5__ (affect) three US states. By the time it ended, more than 700 people __6__ (kill) and 2,700 had been injured.

Hurricanes are strong tropical storms.There are __7__ (violence) winds of 120 kilometres per hour or more. There are about six Atlantic hurricanes each year. The worst hurricane disaster was __8__ the 8th September 1900, __9__ killed 6,000 people in a population of 37,000 and __10__ (destroy) 3,600 buildings.

1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5.________　

6.________　7.________　8.________　9.________　10.________

答案：1.rotating　2.them　3.destruction　4.tornadoes　5.affecting　6.had been killed　7.violent　8.on　9.which　10.destroyed