初中Unit 5 A Path Toward a Better WorldWrapping up the TopicSelf-assessment同步达标检测题

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unit5 Wrapping up the Tpic-Prject & Review & Self-assessment
课时7 仁爱科普版初中英语九年级上册 (pp.94-97)
一、学习目标
1. 能够通过项目活动（制作科技成就手册）综合运用本单元所学词汇和句型，介绍科技成就。
2. 能够通过听力、首字母填空、关系代词填空等复习活动，巩固本单元核心语法（定语从句 that/which 和后缀 -ty/-ity）。
3. 能够阅读关于国家跳台滑雪中心"雪如意"的文章，理解文章内容并回答问题。
4. 能够对本单元的学习进行全面自评，查漏补缺，提升自主学习能力。
二、重点
核心词汇：achievement, bklet, fld, generate electricity, ski jumping, traditinal, symbl, challenging, engineering, cmplete, training center, turist site
核心语法复习：定语从句（关系代词 that 和 which）；后缀 -ty 和 -ity
阅读策略：快速阅读获取文章主旨，细读回答细节问题
综合复习：通过听、说、读、写活动整合本单元主题词汇和语法知识
三、难点
定语从句中关系代词 that 和 which 的综合运用与区分
阅读理解中推理判断题和主旨大意题的解答策略
在项目活动中综合运用本单元知识进行口头和书面表达
字词与词汇
语法与句型
1. 定语从句综合复习——关系代词 that 和 which
【规则】定语从句修饰名词或代词（先行词）。that 可指人或物，which 只能指物。指物时 that 和 which 通常可互换。
2. 后缀 -ty 和 -ity 复习
【规则】后缀 -ty 和 -ity 加在形容词后构成名词，表示性质或状态。
3. 易错纠错
学习支架
Unit 5 核心知识梳理卡
四、知识要点
1. achievement 的用法
【概念】achievement 是可数名词，意为"成就；成绩"。动词形式为 achieve（实现；达到）。
【教材依据】Making a bklet f scientific and technlgical achievements.（教材 p.94）
【应用】China has made great achievements in science. / He achieved his dream f becming a scientist.
【点拨】常见搭配：make achievements in...（在……方面取得成就）；achieve ne's gal/dream（实现目标/梦想）。
2. generate electricity 的用法
【概念】generate electricity 意为"发电"，generate 是及物动词，意为"产生；发电"。
【教材依据】One was t cntrl fld, and the ther was t generate electricity.（教材 p.95）
【应用】The dam generates electricity fr the whle city. / Slar panels can generate electricity frm sunlight.
【点拨】generate 与 prduce 都可表示"产生"，但 generate 更常用于发电、产生热量等科技语境。
3. challenging 的用法
【概念】challenging 是形容词，意为"有挑战性的"。动词形式为 challenge（挑战），名词形式为 challenge。
【教材依据】The center prved t be ne f the mst challenging engineering prjects in the wrld.（教材 p.96）
【应用】This is a challenging task. / The new prject is full f challenges.
【点拨】"ne f the + 最高级 + 复数名词"是常见句型，意为"最……的之一"。
4. cmplete 的用法
【概念】cmplete 可作动词，意为"完成"；也可作形容词，意为"完整的；彻底的"。
【教材依据】The center was cmpleted just in time fr the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games.（教材 p.96）
【应用】The prject was cmpleted in tw years. / Give me a cmplete answer.
【点拨】作动词时常用于被动语态 be cmpleted（被完成）；注意与 finish, end 的区别：cmplete 更正式，强调圆满完成。
五、典型例题
【例1】Gezhuba Dam is China's first large water cntrl prject ________ was built n the Changjiang River.
A. wh B. which C. what D. where
【答案】B
【解析】先行词 prject 是事物，用 which 或 that 引导定语从句。wh 修饰人，what 不引导定语从句，where 修饰地点。故选 B。
【例2】The center prved t be ne f the mst ________ engineering prjects in the wrld.
A. challenge B. challenging C. challenged D. challenges
【答案】B
【解析】"ne f the mst + 形容词 + 复数名词"结构中，空格处需用形容词。challenging 是形容词，意为"有挑战性的"。故选 B。
【例3】The Natinal Ski Jumping Center is als knwn ________ "Snw Ruyi".
A. fr B. as C. t D. by
【答案】B
【解析】be knwn as 意为"被称为；以……而闻名"，be knwn fr 意为"因……而闻名"。句意为"国家跳台滑雪中心也被称为‘雪如意’"。故选 B。
第二部分：同步练习
★ 基础巩固
一、单项选择
1. China has made great ________ in science and technlgy in recent years.
A. achieve B. achievement C. achievements D. achieving
【答案】C
【解析】great 后接名词，achievement 是可数名词，被 great 修饰且表示多个成就时用复数 achievements。故选 C。
2. Gezhuba Dam was built mainly fr tw purpses. One was t cntrl fld, and the ther was t ________ electricity.
A. prduce B. generate C. make D. create
【答案】B
【解析】generate electricity 意为"发电"，是教材中的固定搭配。故选 B。
3. It is a traditinal Chinese symbl ________ means gd luck.
A. wh B. which C. what D. where
【答案】B
【解析】先行词 symbl 是事物，用 which 或 that 引导定语从句。故选 B。
4. The center was cmpleted just in time ________ the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games.
A. t B. at C. fr D. n
【答案】C
【解析】in time fr 意为"及时赶上……"，是固定搭配。句意为"中心恰好在2022年北京冬奥会前完工"。故选 C。
5. The suffix -ty/-ity can be added t an adjective t frm a nun. Which f the fllwing is crrect?
A. safe - safetity B. real - reality C. hnest - hnestity D. able - ablety
【答案】B
【解析】real + ity = reality（现实）。safe + ty = safety；hnest + y = hnesty；able + ity = ability。故选 B。
二、首字母填空
6. The Natinal Ski Jumping Center is als knwn as Snw Ruyi because it lks like a t________ Chinese symbl.
【答案】traditinal
【解析】句意为"因为它看起来像一个传统的中国象征"。traditinal 意为"传统的"。
7. The center prved t be ne f the mst c________ engineering prjects in the wrld.
【答案】challenging
【解析】句意为"该中心被证明是世界上最具挑战性的工程项目之一"。challenging 意为"有挑战性的"。
8. Nw Snw Ruyi is bth a training center and a ppular turist s________.
【答案】site
【解析】turist site 意为"旅游景点"，是固定搭配。
三、句子改写
9. The dam was built n the Changjiang River. It is China's first large water cntrl prject.（用定语从句合并为一句）
【答案】The dam that/which was built n the Changjiang River is China's first large water cntrl prject.
【解析】将第一句作为定语从句修饰 The dam，先行词为事物，用 that 或 which 引导。
10. The prject teams slved the difficulties by using the latest engineering technlgies.（对画线部分提问：by using the latest engineering technlgies）
【答案】Hw did the prject teams slve the difficulties?
【解析】对 by using... 方式状语提问，用疑问副词 Hw，后接一般疑问句语序 did the prject teams slve...
★★ 能力提升
一、单项选择
1. The building ________ shape is like an S is very special and beautiful.
A. that B. which C. whse D. where
【答案】C
【解析】先行词 building 与 shape 之间是所属关系（建筑的形状），用 whse 引导定语从句。that 和 which 在定语从句中不能作定语。故选 C。
2. It tk China abut 10 years ________ the Gezhuba Dam prject.
A. cmplete B. t cmplete C. cmpleting D. cmpleted
【答案】B
【解析】It takes sb. sme time t d sth. 为固定句型，意为"花费某人多少时间做某事"。故选 B。
3. — ________ was the Snw Ruyi center first used in wrld sprts events?
— At the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games.
A. What B. Where C. When D. Wh
【答案】C
【解析】回答是 At the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games（时间），用 When 提问。故选 C。
4. The technlgies ________ were used in building Snw Ruyi are amng the mst advanced in the wrld.
A. wh B. which C. what D. where
【答案】B
【解析】先行词 technlgies 是事物，用 which 或 that 引导定语从句。故选 B。
二、阅读理解
The Natinal Ski Jumping Center in Zhangjiaku, Hebei Prvince, is China's first natinal ski jumping center. It is als knwn as "Snw Ruyi", because it lks like an S-shaped Ruyi, a traditinal Chinese symbl that means gd luck.
The center prved t be ne f the mst challenging engineering prjects in the wrld. Firstly, it was n a muntain side, nt n flat grund. Secndly, the buildings were in an S-shape, rather than nrmal square-shaped buildings. What's mre, the main buildings had t be cmpleted within a shrt perid f time. Hwever, thanks t the hard wrk f the prject teams and the use f the latest engineering technlgies, the center was cmpleted just in time fr the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games.
Nw, as a mst mdern ski center, "Snw Ruyi" is bth a training center and a ppular turist site. Many visitrs cme t see this amazing building and learn abut the engineering technlgies behind it. The center has becme a symbl f China's achievements in engineering and sprts.
5. Why is the Natinal Ski Jumping Center called "Snw Ruyi"?
A. Because it was built in the snw. B. Because it lks like an S-shaped Ruyi. C. Because it is very cld there. D. Because it was named after a persn.
【答案】B
【解析】第一段提到"because it lks like an S-shaped Ruyi, a traditinal Chinese symbl that means gd luck"。故选 B。
6. What are the main difficulties in building the center?
A. Lack f mney and wrkers. B. Bad weather and lng distance. C. Muntain side lcatin, S-shape design and shrt cnstructin perid. D. T many turists and nise.
【答案】C
【解析】第二段列举了三个困难：在山坡上（nt n flat grund）、S形建筑（S-shape, rather than nrmal square-shaped）、工期短（within a shrt perid f time）。C 项概括了这三点。故选 C。
7. Hw did the prject teams slve the difficulties?
A. By giving up the prject. B. By asking freign cuntries fr help. C. By wrking hard and using the latest engineering technlgies. D. By changing the design t a square shape.
【答案】C
【解析】第二段最后提到"thanks t the hard wrk f the prject teams and the use f the latest engineering technlgies"。故选 C。
8. What can we infer (推断) frm the passage?
A. The center is nly used fr training. B. The center shws China's prgress in engineering. C. The center was easy t build. D. The center is n lnger used after the Olympics.
【答案】B
【解析】文章最后一句提到"The center has becme a symbl f China's achievements in engineering and sprts"，可以推断出该中心展示了中国在工程方面的进步。A 项错误（还是旅游景点），C 项错误（有挑战性），D 项错误（现在仍在使用）。故选 B。
三、选词填空（每词限用一次）
achievement fld generate traditinal symbl challenging cmplete training
Gezhuba Dam is ne f China's greatest 1.________ in water cntrl engineering. It was built t cntrl 2.________ and t 3.________ electricity fr millins f peple.
The Natinal Ski Jumping Center, als knwn as "Snw Ruyi", is a 4.________ Chinese symbl that means gd luck. Building it was ne f the mst 5.________ engineering prjects in the wrld. Hwever, the prject teams managed t 6.________ it in time fr the 2022 Winter Olympics.
Nw, Snw Ruyi serves as bth a 7.________ center and a ppular turist site. It has becme a 8.________ f China's achievements in science and engineering.
9. 第1空 ______
10. 第2空 ______
11. 第3空 ______
12. 第4空 ______
13. 第5空 ______
14. 第6空 ______
15. 第7空 ______
16. 第8空 ______
第1空【答案】achievements
【解析】句意为"中国在水控工程方面最伟大的成就之一"。achievement 意为"成就"，ne f + 复数名词。
第2空【答案】fld
【解析】cntrl fld 意为"控制洪水"，是教材原文。
第3空【答案】generate
【解析】generate electricity 意为"发电"，固定搭配。
第4空【答案】traditinal
【解析】traditinal Chinese symbl 意为"中国传统象征"。
第5空【答案】challenging
【解析】mst challenging 意为"最具挑战性的"，教材原文。
第6空【答案】cmplete
【解析】cmplete 意为"完成"，manage t d sth. 后接动词原形。
第7空【答案】training
【解析】training center 意为"训练中心"，教材原文。
第8空【答案】symbl
【解析】becme a symbl f 意为"成为……的象征"。
四、书面表达
本单元的项目活动是制作科技成就手册。请你选择一项中国科技成就（如北斗导航系统、葛洲坝大坝、国家跳台滑雪中心"雪如意"等），写一篇短文介绍这项成就。
提示：1. 这项成就的基本信息（名称、位置等）。2. 这项成就的特点或意义。3. 你的感受。
要求：80词左右；至少使用一个定语从句；使用本单元至少5个主题词汇。








【参考范文】
The Natinal Ski Jumping Center, which is als knwn as "Snw Ruyi", is ne f China's greatest achievements in engineering. It is lcated in Zhangjiaku, Hebei Prvince. The center lks like an S-shaped Ruyi, a traditinal Chinese symbl that means gd luck.
Building it was very challenging because it was n a muntain side and had t be cmpleted within a shrt time. Hwever, thanks t the hard wrk f the prject teams, it was cmpleted in time fr the 2022 Winter Olympics. Nw it is bth a training center and a turist site. I am prud f this great achievement!
【评分要点】
1. 内容完整：涵盖基本信息、特点意义、个人感受三个要点（4分）
2. 语法正确：正确使用定语从句（如 which is als knwn as..., that means gd luck）（3分）
3. 词汇丰富：使用至少5个主题词汇（achievement, engineering, traditinal, symbl, challenging, cmplete, training center, turist site 等）（3分）
4. 结构清晰：条理分明，逻辑连贯（3分）
5. 书写规范：拼写、标点、大小写正确（2分）
★★★ 拓展延伸
1. Which f the fllwing is NOT mentined as a difficulty in building Snw Ruyi?
A. It was n a muntain side. B. The buildings were in an S-shape. C. There was nt enugh mney. D. The cnstructin perid was shrt.
【答案】C
【解析】文章提到了三个困难：山坡上（A）、S形（B）、工期短（D），但没有提到资金不足（C）。故选 C。
2. The wrd "rather than" in "the buildings were in an S-shape, rather than nrmal square-shaped buildings" means ________.
A. as well as B. instead f C. because f D. thanks t
【答案】B
【解析】rather than 意为"而不是"，与 instead f 同义。句意为"建筑是S形的，而不是普通的方形建筑"。故选 B。
3. Think abut yur daily life. What scientific r technlgical achievement has changed yur life the mst? Write 3-4 sentences explaining why. Use at least ne attributive clause.
【参考答案】The smartphne is the technlgical achievement that has changed my life the mst. It helps me cmmunicate with my friends anytime and anywhere. I als use it t search fr infrmatin that I need fr my studies. Withut it, my life wuld be very different.
【解析】本题考查开放性表达，要求学生选择一项科技成就，解释其如何改变自己的生活，并使用定语从句。评分关注：内容相关、定语从句使用正确、语言表达流畅。
第三部分：参考答案汇总
（以下为各题答案汇总，详细解析见各题后标注）
【基础巩固】
一、单项选择：1. C 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. B
二、首字母填空：6. traditinal 7. challenging 8. site
三、句子改写：9. The dam that/which was built n the Changjiang River is China's first large water cntrl prject. 10. Hw did the prject teams slve the difficulties?
【能力提升】
一、单项选择：1. C 2. B 3. C 4. B
二、阅读理解：5. B 6. C 7. C 8. B
三、选词填空：1. achievements 2. fld 3. generate 4. traditinal 5. challenging 6. cmplete 7. training 8. symbl
四、书面表达：见参考范文及评分要点
【拓展延伸】
1. C 2. B 3. 见参考答案单词
读音
词性
释义
例句
achievement
/əˈtʃiːvmənt/
n.
成就；成绩
China has made great achievements in science and technlgy.
bklet
/ˈbʊklət/
n.
小册子
We made a bklet f scientific achievements.
fld
/flʌd/
n./v.
洪水；淹没
The dam was built t cntrl fld.
generate electricity
/ˈdʒenəreɪt ɪlekˈtrɪsəti/
短语
发电
Gezhuba Dam can generate electricity.
ski jumping
/skiː ˈdʒʌmpɪŋ/
短语
跳台滑雪
The Natinal Ski Jumping Center is in Zhangjiaku.
traditinal
/trəˈdɪʃənl/
adj.
传统的
Ruyi is a traditinal Chinese symbl that means gd luck.
symbl
/ˈsɪmbl/
n.
象征；符号
Ruyi is a traditinal Chinese symbl f gd luck.
challenging
/ˈtʃælɪndʒɪŋ/
adj.
有挑战性的
It prved t be ne f the mst challenging engineering prjects.
engineering
/ˌendʒɪˈnɪərɪŋ/
n.
工程；工程学
Thanks t the latest engineering technlgies, the center was cmpleted.
cmplete
/kəmˈpliːt/
v./adj.
完成；完整的
The center was cmpleted just in time fr the Games.
training center
/ˈtreɪnɪŋ ˈsentə(r)/
短语
训练中心
Snw Ruyi is bth a training center and a turist site.
turist site
/ˈtʊərɪst saɪt/
短语
旅游景点
Nw it is a ppular turist site.
flat grund
/flæt ɡraʊnd/
短语
平地
It was n a muntain side, nt n flat grund.
prject team
/ˈprɒdʒekt tiːm/
短语
项目团队
Thanks t the hard wrk f the prject teams.
教材例句
结构分析
It is China's first large water cntrl prject that was built n the Changjiang River.
that 引导定语从句，修饰先行词 prject
valuable experience fr ther water cntrl prjects that/which fllwed.
that/which 修饰先行词 prjects
It lks like an S-shaped Ruyi, a traditinal Chinese symbl that means gd luck.
that 修饰先行词 symbl
t the hard wrk f the prject teams and the use f the latest engineering technlgies that were used.
that 修饰先行词 technlgies
形容词
名词
释义
safe
safety
安全
difficult
difficulty
困难
pssible
pssibility
可能性
hnest
hnesty
诚实
creative
creativity
创造力
natinal
natinality
国籍
persnal
persnality
个性
curius
curisity
好奇心
able
ability
能力
real
reality
现实
错误
正确
The dam that it was built n the river is large.
The dam that was built n the river is large.（关系代词作主语时不再加主语代词）
This is ne f the mst challenging prject.
This is ne f the mst challenging prjects.（ne f + 最高级 + 复数名词）
The center cmpleted in 2022.
The center was cmpleted in 2022.（cmplete 此处用被动语态）
Ruyi is a traditinal Chinese symbl which means gd lucky.
Ruyi is a traditinal Chinese symbl which means gd luck.（luck 是名词，lucky 是形容词）
知识类别
核心内容
教材依据
主题词汇
clean energy, slar energy, wind pwer, achievement, engineering
pp.81-97
语法1
后缀 -ty/-ity 构成名词
pp.89-90
语法2
定语从句 that/which
pp.89-90
思维技能
plt chart（情节图）
pp.85-86, 92
阅读策略
retelling（复述）
pp.85-86
写作主题
Hw science and technlgy imprve ur life
pp.91-93