河北承德市2025-2026学年高一下学期期末巩固训练英语试题（含答案）

这是一份河北承德市2025-2026学年高一下学期期末巩固训练英语试题（含答案）试卷主要包含了阅读理解，完形填空，语法填空，书信写作，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、阅读理解
The Harvest & Heritage Festival 2026
Cme and explre the stry f Thanksgiving with us! This annual event lks back at early American histry and celebrates centuries-ld traditins. Jin the cmmunity t experience the rich heritage and varius custms f this traditinal hliday.
Histrical Rts
The festival dates back t the autumn f 1621 when early Eurpean settlers held a three-day harvest celebratin. Initially a small lcal event t welcme a successful harvest after a difficult year, it has nw becme a natinwide celebratin f family and gratitude.
Time-hnred Traditins
The Turkey Feast: On Sunday evening, families gather fr a big traditinal dinner. Eating turkey and pumpkin pie remains the mst famus custm, which became ppular acrss the cuntry in the late 1800s.
The Big Parade: On Saturday mrning, watch giant ballns and musicians march thrugh the streets. Interestingly, this famus custm actually started in New Yrk in 1924, nt in the early clnial days!
The Crnucpia Legend: Early settlers used a hrn-shaped (角形的) basket filled with fruits t shw their wealth. Tday, making this autumn decratin remains a belved family activity.
Lecture & Wrkshp Tickets
Histry Talk: $ 15 (Saturday afternn — Hear histrians share ld stries f early America)
Autumn Crafting (精心制作): $ 20 (Sunday afternn — Learn t make traditinal crnucpia decratins)
Special Offer: Teenagers (aged 13-18) receive a $5 discunt n any ticket. Children under 13 can enter all events fr free.
1．What is the event mainly intended t d?
A．T sell traditinal fds and crafts.
B．T review and celebrate traditins.
C．T teach peple hw t grw crps.
D．T shw gratitude t the cmmunity.
2．Which custm has the shrtest histry accrding t the text?
A．The giant balln parade.B．The big family turkey dinner.
C．The three-day harvest celebratin.D．The hrn-shaped basket decratin.
3．Hw much shuld a teenage by and his parents pay t hear histry stries?
A．$ 30.B．$ 40.C．$ 45.D．$ 55.
When Derek Pskin first arrived in the histric city f Yangzhu in 2016, he was simply tracing a famus pem by Li Bai. Hwever, the ancient city ffered him mre than beautiful views; it inspired a deep lve fr Chinese tea. “Cffee is fr wrk, but tea is fr life,” the 28-year-ld American ften says. What started as a persnal interest quickly grew, and as he bught mre leaves and teapts, he eventually turned his living rm int a warehuse (库房). T share his passin, he launched a side prject in 2018, which later became a glbal tea business.
Explring China’s tea culture, hwever, was a big challenge. Rather than wrking thrugh middlemen, Pskin chse t g directly t where the leaves grew. With a leap f faith, he nce cnnected with a yung farmer named Zha via scial media and headed t Guafengzhai, a remte village. There, he spent fur days hiking thrugh primitive (原始的) frests and learning the leaf fixatin prcess frm lcal families. T better understand the culture, he even lived in Chazhu fr a year t study the art f making clay teapts.
Thrugh these jurneys, Pskin’s understanding f tea changed frm a search fr “crrectness” t an appreciatin fr diversity. He realized that Chinese tea culture is nt fixed and varies by regin: while peple in Yangzhu might drink green tea straight frm a glass jar, thse in Chazhu prefer elegant tea sets. “Any way yu drink tea is the right way,” he says.
Nw running a tea huse named “Empty Cup” in Yangzhu, Pskin als shares his jurneys wrldwide thrugh vides and a pdcast. Lking ahead, he plans t turn his business int a scial enterprise (企业) t finance lcal tea farmers. Fr yung peple dreaming f success, he ffers a perspective f patience: “Great things take years f practice and imprvement. Dn’t rush it, and ne day everything will cme tgether.”
4．What led t the start f Pskin’s tea business?
A．His wish t intrduce thers t Chinese tea.
B．His desire t travel t remte Chinese villages.
C．His failure t find a satisfying jb in Yangzhu.
D．His dream f becming a famus pet like Li Bai.
5．Hw des Pskin carry ut his tea surcing wrk?
A．By wrking with lcal dealers.B．By emplying verseas agents.
C．By making field visits t rigins.D．By searching n nline platfrms.
6．What is a key feature f Chinese tea culture accrding t paragraph 3?
A．It features reginal differences.
B．It demands standard preparatin.
C．It highlights the beauty f tea sets.
D．It fcuses n tea making prcesses.
7．What is Pskin’s future aim fr his business?
A．T pen chain tea shps.
B．T develp new tea varieties.
C．T be a full-time cntent creatr.
D．T fund tea-grwing cmmunities.
Several years ag, sme dctrs in Canada began “prescribing” (开处方) art t their patients, ffering them free access t lcal museums. The idea was simple: by wandering amng masterpieces and reflecting n paintings, patients might imprve bth their physical and mental health.
A new study frm the UK nw suggests this is far frm an dd idea. Researchers at University Cllege Lndn (UCL) fund that jining in arts r cultural activities nce a week culd slw bilgical aging almst as much as exercising nce a week. In ther wrds, “art is life” may have real scientific supprt.
The study fllwed mre than 3,500 adults in the UK, examining hw ften they tk part in artistic r cultural activities and measuring their bilgical age using epigenetic (表观遗传) clcks. These clcks estimate (预测) hw fast a persn is aging based n lifestyle and gene activity, rather than simply cunting birthdays.
Activities included visiting museums r libraries, attending exhibitins, painting, crafting, singing, dancing, and mre. Participants wh engaged in such activities weekly shwed significantly slwer aging cmpared t thse wh rarely did. One measurement tl, DunedinPACE, fund that weekly participatin slwed aging by abut 4 percent. Anther clck, PhenAge, suggested that weekly art engagement made peple appear nearly ne year yunger bilgically — almst twice the effect f weekly exercise.
The benefits were strngest amng middle-aged adults. Interestingly, the greater the diversity f activities, the better the results. Accrding t senir authr Feifei Bu, this is the first evidence directly linking arts engagement with slwer bilgical aging. Previus studies already shwed that art reduces stress, lwers inflammatin, and imprves heart health — effects similar t exercise.
Lead researcher Daisy Fancurt, wh has studied art’s health benefits fr nearly ten years, believes these findings prve that art shuld be recgnized as a health-prmting behavir. Just as dctrs may prescribe nature walks r frest bathing, they might regularly prescribe museum visits r creative hbbies in the future. After all, whether enjying natural landscapes r human-made masterpieces, bth experiences seem t prvide the same “ingredients” fr better health and happiness.
8．What is the main purpse f the first tw paragraphs?
A．T challenge a traditinal view.B．T analyze a scial phenmenn.
C．T intrduce a medical treatment.D．T present a research backgrund.
9．What d we knw abut epigenetic clcks frm the text?
A．They change ur gene expressins.
B．They shw a persn’s real birth date.
C．They indicate bilgical aging speed.
D．They determine the effects f lifestyle.
10．Which f the fllwing best describes the effect f arts engagement?
A．Frequency matters the mst.B．Variety brings greater benefits.
C．Mental health greatly imprves.D．Benefits peak amng the elderly.
11．What can be inferred frm the last paragraph?
A．Creative activities require less effrt.B．Art and nature share health benefits.
C．Medical prescriptins are changing fast.D．Artwrks are mre attractive than nature.
The shipping industry is respnsible fr arund 3 percent f carbn dixide emissins. Hwever, if wind-assisted carg (货物) ships chse rutes based entirely n where the winds are better, their fuel use culd be significantly reduced r even cmpletely eliminated.
There is grwing interest amng shipping cmpanies in expliting wind pwer t cut csts. Sme are building ships with cnventinal sails frm the beginning, while thers are adding autmated sails t existing ships.
Currently, sme wind-assisted ships are still perated like cnventinal nes, taking a direct rute at a set speed. T explre what culd be achieved if rutes and speeds were varied t ptimize (使最优化) the wind bst, Thrben Schwedt at the German Aerspace Center and his clleagues set ut t investigate. The team als assumed that ships culd generate and stre hydrgen (氢). When winds are very strng, sme f the energy is used t generate hydrgen via electricity-generating turbines underneath a ship. This hydrgen can then pwer engines when the winds are lw.
The researchers tk data n histrical weather in the Atlantic Ocean ver ne year and used a cmputer mdel t wrk ut ptimal rutes. “The ships g cmpletely wild rutes,” says Schwedt. On average, the energy cnsumptin f ships taking the ptimal rutes wuld be 75 percent lwer than thse taking direct rutes. “Smetimes taking really big deturs that yu culdn’t think wuld wrk ut,” says Schwedt. “With this apprach, we managed t get energy savings frm 50 t 100 percent.”
Hwever, Tristan Smith at University Cllege Lndn pints ut that such high energy saving is nly theretically pssible. “This very much depends n what average vyage speed yu are targeting, which is set by the ecnmics f a ship’s peratin,” says Smith. “In ur experience, the savings are significantly lwer fr mst ships.”
12．What des the underlined wrd “expliting” in paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A．Running ut f.B．Making light f.C．Keeping track f.D．Taking advantage f.
13．Why did sme ships fllw cmpletely wild rutes accrding t the study?
A．T shrten the sailing distance.B．T increase hydrgen prductin.
C．T achieve greater energy savings.D．T avid severe weather cnditins.
14．What d Tristan Smith’s wrds imply?
A．Real-wrld saving effects can be quite limited.
B．Theretical savings match practical peratins.
C．Wind carg ships are ecnmically impssible.
D．Shipping efficiency relies heavily n target speed.
15．Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A．Carg Ships Shuld Depend n Wind EnergyB．Histrical Weather Culd Guide Mdern Ships
C．Wind Pwer Culd Make Carg Shipping GreenD．Tp Cmpanies Shuld Lead the Wind Industry
The phrase “grassrts crew” riginally referred t temprary (临时的) perfrmance grups that traveled frm place t place with limited resurces. 16 On scial media, peple ften use it t describe rganizatins, teams, r prjects that appear highly prfessinal n the surface but are actually perated by rdinary peple wh are learning, imprvising (临时拼凑), and slving prblems as they g.
Many peple imagine that successful cmpanies, institutins, r industries are run by perfect experts. Reality is ften different. Studies suggest that decisin-making is frequently shaped by limited infrmatin, time pressure, and human uncertainty. 17 What ften separates successful teams frm unsuccessful nes is nt perfectin, but the ability t adapt quickly when things g wrng.
18 New emplyees ften assume that managers have all the answers. After a few years, many discver that managers are als figuring things ut in real time. They attend meetings, discuss ptins, and smetimes change plans repeatedly. Behind many seemingly perfect systems are peple trying their best t handle challenges they have never faced befre.
Interestingly, recgnizing the existence f “grassrts crews” can reduce unnecessary anxiety. Many yung peple feel stressed because they cmpare themselves with idealized images f success. Yet when they realize that even large rganizatins cntain uncertainty and imperfectin, they becme less afraid f making mistakes. 19
Of curse, calling smething a “grassrts crew” des nt mean prfessinalism is unimprtant. High standards, respnsibility, and cntinuus learning still matter. 20 Research n skill develpment has repeatedly shwn that expertise grws thrugh practice, feedback, and repeated imprvement rather than instant mastery.
Perhaps the mst valuable lessn is this: the wrld mves frward nt because everyne is exceptinal, but because rdinary peple keep shwing up, learning, and imprving.
A．Even experienced prfessinals make mistakes.
B．As a result, they make every effrt t avid mistakes.
C．This idea becmes bvius when we enter the wrkplace.
D．Tday, hwever, the term has taken n a brader meaning.
E．The lessn is simply that excellence is usually built gradually.
F．It usually takes emplyees years t becme prfessinal managers.
G．Grwth ften cmes frm actin rather than waiting fr perfectin.
二、完形填空
An extrardinary act f bravery recently unflded in Tennessee, where a lcal plice fficer was highly praised fr his quick thinking and curage. While n 21 , Officer Rgers became the first t arrive at a residential building that had suddenly caught fire.
The scene was ut f cntrl, with thick smke rising and 22 neighbrs shuting that a family was still trapped inside. Realizing that every secnd cunted, Rgers did nt 23 . Despite the grwing flames (火焰) visible near the entrance, he 24 directly int the burning building. Inside, the 25 smke made it nearly impssible t see, but Rgers 26 t lcate a desperate mther, Rachel, and her tw yung children. Withut a secnd thught, he 27 the fur-year-ld girl and carried her ut t safety, while the mther 28 clsely behind, guiding her lder sn thrugh the danger.
29 n the terrifying mments later, Rachel admitted she was wndering hw she culd pssibly 30 bth children alne when Rgers suddenly appeared like a(n) 31 . Even after 32 the family, the fficer’s duty was nt ver. His bdy camera ftage (执法记录仪) later shwed that he even attempted t cntrl the fire using a simple fire extinguisher until firefighters arrived.
33 , n injuries were reprted. In a statement, the plice department acknwledged that althugh fficers are nt 34 trained t fight fires, Rgers’ selfless actins perfectly illustrated their sacred ath (誓言) t prtect the cmmunity. This mving stry serves as a pwerful 35 f the cmmitment displayed by rdinary heres daily.
21．A．businessB．vacatinC．dutyD．bard
22．A．annyedB．terrifiedC．puzzledD．disappinted
23．A．hesitateB．faintC．retireD．escape
24．A．slidB．marchedC．crashedD．rushed
25．A．bitingB．blindingC．freezingD．striking
26．A．tendedB．chseC．claimedD．managed
27．A．picked upB．backed upC．cheered upD．gave up
28．A．fellB．wanderedC．fllwedD．crwded
29．A．DeterminingB．ReflectingC．ActingD．Leaning
30．A．rescueB．cmfrtC．cntrlD．mnitr
31．A．fficerB．herC．regularD．witness
32．A．identifyingB．appintingC．pleasingD．securing
33．A．FrtunatelyB．AdmittedlyC．ShckinglyD．Nrmally
34．A．flexiblyB．secretlyC．prfessinallyD．ccasinally
35．A．prmiseB．surceC．reminderD．argument
三、语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填写1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Accrding t China’s Manned Space Engineering Office, the Lng March-2F Y23 carrier rcket carrying the Shenzhu-23 manned spaceship lifted ff at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center at 23:08 n May 24, 2026. Abut 10 minutes later, the spaceship 36 (successful) separated frm the rcket and entered the designated rbit. All three astrnauts n bard were reprted t be 37 gd cnditin.
The crew (全体机组人员) will perfrm autnmus dcking (自动对接) with the Tiangng space statin, 38 is currently in rbit. After 39 (cmplete) the dcking, they will cnduct an n-rbit rtatin (轮换) with 40 Shenzhu-22 crew. This means the new team will take ver the wrk while the previus team prepares t return t Earth.
During their six-mnth missin, the astrnauts will carry ut a series f imprtant tasks. These include mre than 20 41 (science) experiments in fields such as space medicine and material science. They will als perfrm tw t three spacewalks 42 (set) new equipment up and check the statin’s exterir. In additin, rutine maintenance f the statin’s life supprt system, 43 (require) t ensure everything wrks prperly, will be carried ut.
This missin marks the 7th manned flight in the 44 (apply) stage f China’s space statin and the 40th launch f the cuntry’s manned space prject. Up t nw, a ttal f 30 Chinese astrnauts 45 (travel) t space, including the three crew members f Shenzhu-23.
四、书信写作
46．假定你是李华，近期你注意到班里同学在校园消费中存在一些不良消费现象。请你给校英文报专栏“Teenager Life”投稿，呼吁同学们树立健康理性的消费观。内容包括：
（1）不良消费现象；（2）如何培养正确消费观。
注意：（1）词数应为80个左右；（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Say N t Imprper Spending
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五、书面表达
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Clara spent her childhd in Maple Valley, a remte village famus fr its handmade wven (编织) baskets. The village was surrunded by endless bamb frests, and almst every husehld knew the ancient craft. She ften played in the bamb frests and ran arund the village happily. As a little girl, Clara lved watching her grandfather make beautiful, strng baskets ut f rugh bamb pieces. T her, it was magic.
Hwever, as time went n, the magic seemed t fade. Plastic bags and mass-prduced bxes tk ver the market. One by ne, the yung weavers packed their bags and headed fr big cities, leaving nly the elderly behind. The village grew quieter, and the beautiful craft was abut t disappear. Clara, t, left fr cllege and eventually fund a jb as a web designer in a busy city. She had a cmfrtable life, but a part f her heart always remained in the bamb frests.
During a hliday, Clara returned t Maple Valley. Walking dwn the familiar street, her heart sank. The village was s silent, and she culd hardly see any yung peple. Her grandfather’s wrkshp, nce filled with laughter and the clear sund f cutting bamb, was nw cvered in dust. Her grandfather sat n a chair, his hands hlding a half-finished basket, lking blankly ut the windw. “N ne wants them anymre, Clara,” he sighed sftly, his vice heavy with helplessness. “This craft will die with us.”
Clara lked at the beautiful but unsld baskets stacked (堆积) in the crner, and then at her grandfather’s disappinted eyes. Suddenly, she made up her mind. She realized she culdn’t just stand by and watch. She had the design skills and understd mdern tastes; they had the amazing craft. All that was needed was a way t cnnect them t the utside wrld.
注意：(1)词数应为150个左右；(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A week later, Clara quit her jb and set up a studi in the village.
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As Clara’s creative prducts gained ppularity nline, significant changes began t happen in Maple Valley.
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参考答案
一、阅读理解
【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B
【分析】本文是2026年丰收与遗产节活动的宣传介绍，介绍了感恩节的历史起源、活动包含的经典传统项目、不同活动的票价与优惠政策，吸引公众参与活动。
【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第一段“This annual event lks back at early American histry and celebrates centuries-ld traditins.(这个年度活动回顾美国早期历史，庆祝传承数百年的传统)”可知，该活动的主要目的是回顾历史、庆祝感恩节传统。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段“The festival dates back t the autumn f 1621 when early Eurpean settlers held a three-day harvest celebratin.(该节日可以追溯到1621年秋天，当时早期欧洲定居者举办了为期三天的丰收庆祝活动)”可知，三天丰收庆祝活动起源于1621年；根据第三段The Turkey Feast部分中“Eating turkey and pumpkin pie remains the mst famus custm, which became ppular acrss the cuntry in the late 1800s.(吃火鸡和南瓜饼是最负盛名的习俗，在19世纪后期在全美流行开来)”可知，家庭火鸡晚餐全国流行始于19世纪后期；根据第四段The Big Parade部分中“Interestingly, this famus custm actually started in New Yrk in 1924, nt in the early clnial days!(有趣的是，这个著名习俗实际上1924年才起源于纽约，并非起源于早期殖民时代)”可知，巨型气球游行起源于1924年；根据第五段The Crnucpia Legend部分中“Early settlers used a hrn-shaped (角形的) basket filled with fruits t shw their wealth.(早期定居者用装满水果的角形篮子来展示财富)”可知，角形篮装饰起源于早期定居者时期，早于1621年。对比四个时间可知，巨型气球游行的历史最短。
3．细节理解题。根据Lecture & Wrkshp Tickets部分中“Histry Talk: $ 15 (Saturday afternn — Hear histrians share ld stries f early America)(历史讲座：15美元(周六下午——聆听历史学家分享美国早期的古老故事))”以及“Special Offer: Teenagers (aged 13-18) receive a $5 discunt n any ticket. Children under 13 can enter all events fr free.(特别优惠：13-18岁青少年购买任意门票可享受5美元折扣，13岁以下儿童可免费参加所有活动)”可知，一张历史讲座票原价15美元，一个青少年可享受5美元折扣即仅需10美元，他的父母需要购买两张原价票，总费用为10+15×2=40美元。
【答案】4．A 5．C 6．A 7．D
【分析】主要讲述美国人德里克因追寻诗句来到扬州，爱上中国茶文化并创业推广中国茶的励志故事。
【详解】4．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“T share his passin, he launched a side prject in 2018, which later became a glbal tea business.(为了分享自己的热爱，他在2018年开启了一个副业项目，该项目后来发展成一家全球性茶叶企业。)”可知，他创办茶叶企业的初衷是向他人分享、推广中国茶。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Rather than wrking thrugh middlemen, Pskin chse t g directly t where the leaves grew.(波斯金没有通过中间商合作，而是选择直接前往茶叶产地。)”可知，他通过实地走访茶叶原产地的方式采购茶叶。
6．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“He realized that Chinese tea culture is nt fixed and varies by regin: while peple in Yangzhu might drink green tea straight frm a glass jar, thse in Chazhu prefer elegant tea sets.(他意识到中国茶文化并非一成不变，且因地而异：扬州人或许直接用玻璃罐冲泡绿茶饮用，而潮州人则偏爱雅致茶具。)”可知，中国茶文化的一大主要特点是具有地域差异性。
7．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Lking ahead, he plans t turn his business int a scial enterprise (企业) t finance lcal tea farmers.(展望未来，他计划将自己的企业转型为社会企业，为当地茶农提供资金支持。)”可知，他未来的目标是资助茶叶种植产区的农户。
【答案】8．D 9．C 10．B 11．B
【分析】本文介绍了一项最新研究，证实每周参与艺术文化活动可有效减缓生物衰老，效果接近甚至优于每周运动，为艺术促进健康提供了科学依据，也为未来临床健康干预提供了新思路。
【详解】8．推理判断题。根据第一段“Several years ag, sme dctrs in Canada began “prescribing” (开处方) art t their patients, ffering them free access t lcal museums.(几年前，加拿大的一些医生开始为病人“开艺术处方”，让他们可以免费进入当地博物馆)”和第二段“A new study frm the UK nw suggests this is far frm an dd idea. Researchers at University Cllege Lndn (UCL) fund that jining in arts r cultural activities nce a week culd slw bilgical aging almst as much as exercising nce a week.(英国如今的一项新研究表明，这绝不是一个离谱的想法。伦敦大学学院的研究人员发现，每周参加一次艺术或文化活动减缓生物衰老的效果几乎和每周一次运动一样)”可知，前两段先引出医生给病人开艺术处方的旧尝试，进而介绍新的研究结论，目的是引出本次研究的背景，引出全文主题。
9．细节理解题。根据第三段“measuring their bilgical age using epigenetic (表观遗传) clcks(使用表观遗传时钟测量了他们的生物年龄)”和“These clcks estimate (预测) hw fast a persn is aging based n lifestyle and gene activity, rather than simply cunting birthdays.(这些时钟根据生活方式和基因活动来预测一个人的衰老速度，而不是简单地计算生日)”可知，表观遗传时钟可以指示一个人生物衰老的速度。
10．细节理解题。根据第五段“Interestingly, the greater the diversity f activities, the better the results.(有趣的是，活动的多样性越大，效果越好)”可知，参与艺术活动时，多样性会带来更大的益处。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段“After all, whether enjying natural landscapes r human-made masterpieces, bth experiences seem t prvide the same “ingredients” fr better health and happiness.(毕竟，无论是欣赏自然景观还是人造杰作，这两种体验似乎都能为更健康、更幸福提供相同的“要素”)”可推知，艺术和自然对健康有着共通的益处。
【答案】12．D 13．C 14．A 15．C
【分析】本文介绍了随着航运公司越来越对利用风能降低成本感兴趣，一项研究发现，风力助力货轮通过优化路线和航速最大化利用风能，可大幅降低能耗，但业内专家指出该高节能效果目前仅存在于理论层面，实际应用中的节能效果会大打折扣。
【详解】12．词句猜测题。根据第一段“Hwever, if wind-assisted carg (货物) ships chse rutes based entirely n where the winds are better, their fuel use culd be significantly reduced r even cmpletely eliminated.(然而，如果风力助力货船完全根据风力更优的区域选择航线，它们的燃料消耗就能大幅降低，甚至可以完全省去燃料)”以及第二段“There is grwing interest amng shipping cmpanies in expliting wind pwer t cut csts.(航运公司对expliting风能来降低成本的兴趣越来越浓厚)”可知，风力助力航行可以降低燃料消耗、减少成本，因此航运公司想要利用风能实现降本，“expliting”意思是“利用”，和Taking advantage f(利用)含义一致。
13．推理判断题。根据第四段““The ships g cmpletely wild rutes,” says Schwedt. On average, the energy cnsumptin f ships taking the ptimal rutes wuld be 75 percent lwer than thse taking direct rutes...“With this apprach, we managed t get energy savings frm 50 t 100 percent.”(“船舶会走完全非常规的路线。”Schwedt说。走最优路线的船，平均能耗比走直线路线的船低75%……“通过这种方法，我们成功实现了50%到100%的节能”)”可知，船舶走非常规路线是为了最大化利用风能，实现更高程度的节能。
14．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Hwever, Tristan Smith at University Cllege Lndn pints ut that such high energy saving is nly theretically pssible. “This very much depends n what average vyage speed yu are targeting, which is set by the ecnmics f a ship’s peratin,” says Smith. “In ur experience, the savings are significantly lwer fr mst ships.”(然而，伦敦大学学院的Tristan Smith指出，这么高的节能仅在理论上可行。Smith说：“这很大程度上取决于你目标的平均航行速度，而航行速度是由船舶运营的经济效益决定的。根据我们的经验，对大多数船舶来说，实际节能幅度要低得多”)”可知，Tristan Smith的话暗示现实世界中的实际节能效果是十分有限的。
15．主旨大意题。通读全文，首段“Hwever, if wind-assisted carg (货物) ships chse rutes based entirely n where the winds are better, their fuel use culd be significantly reduced r even cmpletely eliminated.(然而，如果风力助力货船完全根据风力更优的区域选择航线，它们的燃料消耗就能大幅降低，甚至可以完全省去燃料)”引出利用风能可以大幅降低燃料消耗，进而介绍了一项研究证明优化路线后能实现高效节能，最后专家指出理论的高节能在实际中很难实现。本文围绕风力助力货轮航运展开，核心内容是风能可以减少货轮航运的碳排放，让航运更环保。因此“Wind Pwer Culd Make Carg Shipping Green(风能可以让货轮航运更环保)”最适合作为标题。
【答案】16．D 17．A 18．C 19．G 20．E
【分析】本文梳理了“草根团队(grassrts crew)”一词的含义演变，揭示了现实中多数组织与团队都是边行动边调整的普通人集合，而非由完美专家运营，帮助读者正确认识不确定性和不完美的普遍性，放下对完美的执念，在持续行动与改进中成长。
【详解】16．上文“The phrase “grassrts crew” riginally referred t temprary (临时的) perfrmance grups that traveled frm place t place with limited resurces.(短语“草根团队”最初指资源有限、四处流动的临时演出团体)”介绍该短语的原始含义，下文“On scial media, peple ften use it t describe rganizatins, teams, r prjects that appear highly prfessinal n the surface but are actually perated by rdinary peple wh are learning, imprvising (临时拼凑), and slving prblems as they g.(在社交媒体上，人们常用这个词来形容那些表面看起来高度专业，实际上却由普通人运营的组织、团队或项目，这些普通人一边学习、一边临时拼凑、一边解决问题)”介绍它现在网络语境下的全新含义，前后语义发生转折，空处应指出含义范围拓展，D选项“Tday, hwever, the term has taken n a brader meaning.(然而如今，这个词已经有了更广泛的含义)”符合此处逻辑。
17．上文“Studies suggest that decisin-making is frequently shaped by limited infrmatin, time pressure, and human uncertainty.(研究表明，决策通常受到有限信息、时间压力和人为不确定性的影响)”说明决策本身就存在诸多不确定性，下文“What ften separates successful teams frm unsuccessful nes is nt perfectin, but the ability t adapt quickly when things g wrng.(区分成功团队与失败团队的往往不是完美，而是出问题时快速调整的能力)”指出成败的关键是出错后的调整能力而非完美，因此空格需要承上启下，说明哪怕是专业人员也会出错，A选项“Even experienced prfessinals make mistakes.(哪怕经验丰富的专业人士也会犯错)”符合此处逻辑。
18．根据下文“New emplyees ften assume that managers have all the answers. After a few years, many discver that managers are als figuring things ut in real time.(新员工通常认为管理者掌握所有答案。几年之后，很多人会发现管理者也在实时弄清楚事情)”可知，本段以职场新人看待管理者的角度为例，说明不完美和边摸索边行动是普遍现象，空格位于段首，需要引出职场这个场景，C选项“This idea becmes bvius when we enter the wrkplace.(当我们进入职场，这个观点就变得非常明显)”符合此处逻辑，This idea指代前一段中成功的关键不是完美而是出错后的调整能力。
19．根据上文“Yet when they realize that even large rganizatins cntain uncertainty and imperfectin, they becme less afraid f making mistakes.(然而当他们意识到哪怕是大型组织也存在不确定性和不完美，他们就不会那么害怕犯错了)”可知，认识到“草根团队”的普遍存在后，年轻人不再惧怕犯错，会更愿意行动成长，G选项“Grwth ften cmes frm actin rather than waiting fr perfectin.(成长往往来自行动，而非等待完美)”符合此处逻辑。
20．上文“Of curse, calling smething a “grassrts crew” des nt mean prfessinalism is unimprtant. High standards, respnsibility, and cntinuus learning still matter.(当然，把某件事称为“草根团队”并不代表专业不重要。高标准、责任感和持续学习依然重要)”承认专业素养依然重要，下文“Research n skill develpment has repeatedly shwn that expertise grws thrugh practice, feedback, and repeated imprvement rather than instant mastery.(技能发展研究反复证明，专业能力是通过实践、反馈和反复打磨成长起来的，而非一蹴而就)”指出能力是逐步养成的，空格需要总结核心观点：优秀是逐步建立的，E选项“The lessn is simply that excellence is usually built gradually.(其中的道理很简单：卓越通常是逐步构建的)”符合此处逻辑。
二、完形填空
【答案】21．C 22．B 23．A 24．D 25．B 26．D 27．A 28．C 29．B 30．A 31．B 32．D 33．A 34．C 35．C
【分析】本文讲述了田纳西州一名值班警官罗杰斯在居民楼突发火灾时，第一时间冲进火场，成功救出被困的一家母子三人，还尝试控制火情等待消防员到来，最终无人受伤，他的英勇无私诠释了警察保护社区的誓言，彰显了平凡英雄的奉献精神。
【详解】21．考查名词。句意：罗杰斯警官值班时，第一个赶到了突然起火的居民楼。A. business公事，生意；B. vacatin假期；C. duty值班，任务；D. bard董事会，甲板。根据上文“a lcal plice fficer was highly praised fr his quick thinking and curage”可知，罗杰斯警官上班时遇到火情并英勇行动，n duty是固定搭配，意为“值班，在岗”。
22．考查形容词。句意：现场已经失控，浓烟滚滚，惊恐万分的邻居大喊着还有一家人被困在里面。A. annyed恼怒的；B. terrified受惊的，惊恐的；C. puzzled困惑的；D. disappinted失望的。根据上文“ut f cntrl, with thick smke rising”以及后文“neighbrs shuting that a family was still trapped inside”可知，发生火灾还有人被困，邻居此时应该是极度恐惧惊慌的。
23．考查动词。句意：意识到每一秒都很关键，罗杰斯没有丝毫犹豫。A. hesitate犹豫；B. faint晕倒；C. retire退休；D. escape逃跑。根据上文“Realizing that every secnd cunted”和下文“he ______ directly int the burning building.”可知，情况危急时间紧迫，罗杰斯没有犹豫就选择进去救人。
24．考查动词。句意：尽管看见入口附近的火焰越来越大，他还是直接冲进了燃烧的大楼。A. slid滑动；B. marched行进；C. crashed碰撞；D. rushed冲，急速行进。根据上文“neighbrs shuting that a family was still trapped inside”和后文“directly int the burning building”可知，火情紧急，为了救人，罗杰斯肯定是快速冲入火场。
25．考查形容词。句意：在大楼内部，刺眼的浓烟几乎让人看不见东西，但是罗杰斯设法找到了绝望的母亲瑞秋和她的两个年幼孩子。A. biting刺骨的；B. blinding刺眼的，使人视线模糊的；C. freezing极冷的；D. striking引人注目的。根据后文“made it nearly impssible t see”可知，浓烟刺眼，遮挡了视线，让人看不见。
26．考查动词。句意：同上。A. tended倾向，照料；B. chse选择；C. claimed宣称；D. managed设法做成，成功完成。根据后文“he _____ the fur-year-ld girl and carried her ut t safety”可知，罗杰斯带小女孩出来，说明他成功找到了被困人员，manage t d...表示“设法成功做成某事”。
27．考查动词短语。句意：他不假思索，抱起四岁的女孩，把她带到了安全区域，而母亲紧紧跟在后面，带着大一点的儿子也穿过危险区域。A. picked up捡起，抱起；B. backed up支持，后退；C. cheered up使振作；D. gave up放弃。根据后文“the fur-year-ld girl and carried her ut t safety”可知，对象是四岁的小女孩，要带她离开，自然是抱起孩子。
28．考查动词。句意：同上。A. fell跌倒；B. wandered闲逛；C. fllwed跟随；D. crwded使拥挤。根据后文“clsely behind”可知，警官抱着小女孩走在前面，母亲带着大儿子跟在后面。
29．考查动词。句意：事后回想这段可怕的经历，瑞秋坦言，当时她正在想自己怎样独自救出两个孩子，罗杰斯就像英雄一样突然出现了。A. Determining决定；B. Reflecting反思，回想；C. Acting行动；D. Leaning倾斜，倚靠。根据后文“n the terrifying mments later”可知，时间是火灾之后，此处是瑞秋回忆当时的情况，reflect n是固定搭配，意为“回想，反思”。
30．考查动词。句意：同上。A. rescue营救；B. cmfrt安慰；C. cntrl控制；D. mnitr监控。根据上文“she was wndering hw she culd pssibly”和后文“bth children alne when Rgers suddenly appeared”可知，瑞秋和孩子都被困在火场，她当时在想的是如何自己救出两个孩子。
31．考查名词。句意：同上。A. fficer官员，警官；B. her英雄；C. regular常客；D. witness目击者。根据后文“rdinary heres”和第一段中“An extrardinary act f bravery recently unflded in Tennessee, where a lcal plice fficer was highly praised fr his quick thinking and curage.”可知，在绝境中前来救人的罗杰斯在瑞秋眼中就像英雄一样。
32．考查动词。句意：甚至在保证这一家人安全后，这名警官的任务还没有结束。A. identifying识别；B. appinting任命；C. pleasing使愉快；D. securing保护，使安全。根据前文“Withut a secnd thught, he ______ the fur-year-ld girl and carried her ut t safety, while the mther _____ clsely behind, guiding her lder sn thrugh the danger.”可知，他已经把人救出来，此处指确保一家人安全之后。
33．考查副词。句意：幸运的是，没有报告有人受伤。A. Frtunately幸运地；B. Admittedly公认地；C. Shckingly令人震惊地；D. Nrmally正常地。根据后文“n injuries were reprted”可知，火灾后没有人受伤，是一件很幸运的事。
34．考查副词。句意：警方在声明中承认，尽管警察没有经过专业的灭火训练，罗杰斯无私的行动完美诠释了他们保护社区的神圣誓言。A. flexibly灵活地；B. secretly秘密地；C. prfessinally专业地；D. ccasinally偶尔地。根据“ althugh fficers are nt _____ trained t fight fires”和常识可知，灭火是消防员的工作，警察没有接受过专业的灭火训练。
35．考查名词。句意：这个感人的故事有力地提醒人们，平凡英雄每天都在展现他们的奉献。A. prmise承诺；B. surce来源；C. reminder提醒物；D. argument论点。根据后文“f the cmmitment displayed by rdinary heres daily”可知，这个故事可以让人们记住，一直有平凡英雄在默默奉献。
三、语法填空
【答案】36．successfully 37．in 38．which 39．cmpleting 40．the 41．scientific 42．t set 43．required 44．applicatin 45．have travelled/have traveled
【分析】本文讲述了神舟二十三号载人飞船成功发射进入预定轨道，说明了本次任务中宇航员的工作安排、核心任务以及该任务对中国载人航天工程的重要意义。
【详解】36．考查副词。句意：大约10分钟后，飞船成功与火箭分离，进入预定轨道。此处需要用副词修饰动词separated，形容词successful的副词形式是successfully，表示“成功地”。
37．考查介词。句意：据报道，机上三名宇航员都身体状况良好。in gd cnditin是固定搭配，表示“状况良好”。
38．考查定语从句。句意：机组人员将与目前在轨道上的天宫空间站进行自动对接。此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是the Tiangng space statin，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，用which引导。
39．考查非谓语动词。句意：完成对接后，他们将与神舟二十二号的机组人员进行在轨轮换。空处位于介词After之后，要用动名词形式作宾语，动词cmplete的动名词是cmpleting。
40．考查定冠词。句意：完成对接后，他们将与神舟二十二号的机组人员进行在轨轮换。此处特指神舟二十二号的全体机组人员，定冠词the表示特指。
41．考查形容词。句意：这些任务包括空间医学、材料科学等领域的20多项科学实验。此处需要用形容词修饰名词experiments，名词science的形容词形式是scientific，表示“科学的”。
42．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们还将进行两到三次太空行走，以安装新设备并检查空间站外部。此处表示太空行走的目的是安装新设备，用不定式作目的状语。
43．考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，还需要对空间站的生命保障系统进行日常维护，以确保一切正常运行。主语是rutine maintenance f the statin’s life supprt system，谓语是will be carried ut，空处作后置定语修饰主语maintenance，maintenance和require之间是被动关系，要用过去分词形式required。
44．考查名词。句意：此次任务标志着中国空间站应用阶段的第7次载人飞行，也是中国载人航天工程的第40次发射。the applicatin stage表示“应用阶段”，此处用名词applicatin作定语修饰stage。
45．考查动词时态。句意：截至目前，包括神舟二十三号的三名机组人员在内，共有30名中国宇航员进入过太空。句中时间状语是Up t nw，这是现在完成时的标志，主语a ttal f 30 Chinese astrnauts是复数，所以助动词用have，travel的过去分词是travelled或traveled。
四、书信写作
46．【答案】One pssible versin:
Say N t Imprper Spending
Recently, sme imprper spending habits have been nticed amng ur classmates. Fr instance, sme tend t buy expensive brand-name prducts blindly, while thers frequently spend t much n snacks and nline games, which nt nly wastes mney but als adds a heavy burden t their parents.
T develp a healthy and ratinal spending habit, it is essential fr us t take actin. First, we shuld make a budget, ensuring ur mney is spent n necessities rather than luxuries. Secnd, befre making a purchase, we’d better ask urselves if it is truly needed.
Let’s start frm small things, value ur parents’ hard-earned mney, and be smart cnsumers.
【分析】本篇书面表达要求考生向学校英文报专栏投稿，围绕校园不良消费现象展开写作，介绍学生中存在的不当消费行为，并给出培养健康理性消费观的具体做法，呼吁理性消费。
【详解】1．词汇积累
不恰当的：imprper → inapprpriate
无目的地：blindly → aimlessly
浪费：waste → squander
合理的：ratinal → reasnable
2．句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Recently, sme imprper spending habits have been nticed amng ur classmates.
拓展句：Recently, as I have bserved, sme imprper spending habits have been nticed amng ur classmates.
五、书面表达
47．【答案】例文
A week later, Clara quit her jb and set up a studi in the village. She first cleaned up her grandfather’s dusty wrkshp, then redesigned the traditinal bamb baskets by cmbining mdern minimalist aesthetics with the ancient craft. She tk clear phts f every finished prduct, designed attractive prduct pages, and pened an nline stre t sell these handcrafted wrks t custmers acrss the cuntry. Her grandfather served as the chief craft instructr, passing dwn the weaving skills t a small team f lcal craftsmen, and the quiet wrkshp finally eched with the familiar crisp sund f cutting bamb again.
As Clara’s creative prducts gained ppularity nline, significant changes began t happen in Maple Valley. Handwven bamb prducts drew mre and mre rders due t their texture and design. T keep up with demand, Clara began recruiting yung peple wh wanted t return t the village t learn weaving, ffering prfessinal training and stable incme. Besides, many peple pened hmestays fr turists wh came t experience weaving. The nce silent village became lively again, and the ancient craft f basket weaving that was abut t disappear finally regained new life under the cmbinatin f traditin and innvatin.
【分析】本文以人物为线索。Clara生长于一个手工编织篮子而闻名的偏远村庄，过去村子里几乎家家户户都做编织工艺，充满了欢声笑语。后来在工业化的冲击下，祖辈传承的编织手艺濒临消失，年轻人去大城市打工，只留下老年人孤独在家。Clara回家看到这样的情况后，辞去城市的设计工作回到故乡，结合现代设计和互联网将传统编织产品重新推向市场，吸引年轻人返乡，让濒临消亡的古老传统手艺重获新生，振兴了村庄。
【详解】1．续写线索：
①由续写第一段首句内容可知，本段可以描写Clara回村建立工作室，融合现代审美改良传统编织产品，开网店建立线上销售模式，联合祖父给工匠传授编织技能，让工坊重获生机。
②由续写第二段首句内容可知，本段可以描写产品订单增加，Clara招募回乡年轻人，培养年轻编织者，当地建立了许多民宿，在传承传统手工艺的同时振兴了村庄经济。
2．段落续写：
辞职建工作室——改良传统编织产品——开线上商店——联合祖父传授技能——工坊恢复生机——订单增长——招募返乡年轻人——建民宿——村庄恢复活力、传统手艺重获新生
3．词汇激活
行为类
①结合：cmbine/integrate/mix
②跟上：keep up with/catch up with
状态类
①安静的：quiet/tranquil
②有生机的：lively/vibrant