【英语】河北省承德市2025-2026学年高一上学期期末试题（学生版+解析版）

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第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
New energy and renewable (可再生的) energy are bth envirnment-friendly energy surces. They are used t cut dwn ur need fr cal, il and natural gas and reduce the harmful effects f human activities n the earth. Hwever, there are sme key differences between the tw.
New energy usually refers t creative technlgies and methds that are still in the early stages f develpment, such as wave energy r hydrgen fuel cells. Renewable energy surces like slar, wind, and water pwer have been arund fr much lnger and are mre widely used and accepted as wrkable substitutes (替代) fr traditinal energy surces. Bth types f energy are imprtant fr a greener future, but renewable energy is mre widely used and easier t get.
In a wrd, new energy and renewable energy ffer different ways t build a cleaner energy future. New energy technlgies prvide creative slutins t cut greenhuse gas emissins (排放) and imprve energy safety, but they face challenges in materials, technlgy and csts. Renewable energy surces like sunlight and wind have prved trustwrthy, cst-effective and ec-friendly. S in the future, uniting bth types will be necessary t meet the rising need fr clean energy and deal with glbal warming.
1. Which f the fllwing is a type f new energy?
A. Slar energy.B. Water pwer.C. Wave energy.D. Wind pwer.
2. What is a quality f renewable energy?
A. Its csts have been n the rise.B. Its surces face n limit.
C. Its applicatin is falling rapidly.D. Its envirnmental influences are nt fixed.
3. What may the future f clean energy be like?
A. Different types f clean energy will be used.
B. It will be highly demanded due t larger ppulatins.
C. The fcus will be n develping mre cst-effective energy.
D. There will be a preference fr new energy t renewable energy.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍新能源和可再生能源的共性、关键区别、各自特点，以及未来两者结合发展的必要性。
【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“New energy usually refers t creative technlgies and methds that are still in the early stages f develpment, such as wave energy r hydrgen fuel cells.(新能源通常指仍处于发展初期的创新性技术和方法，例如波浪能或氢燃料电池)”和“Renewable energy surces like slar, wind, and water pwer have been arund fr much lnger (太阳能、风能和水能等可再生能源已经存在了更长的时间)”可知，波浪能是新能源，而太阳能、水能、风能均属于可再生能源。故选C项。
【2题详解】细节理解题。根据表格中可再生能源的 Sustainability可持续性一栏“Is cnsidered sustainable as they are frm surces that cannt be used up (被认为是可持续的，因为它们来自不会被耗尽的资源)”可知，可再生能源的来源是无限的，不会被用完。故选B项。
【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“S in the future, uniting bth types will be necessary t meet the rising need fr clean energy and deal with glbal warming.(因此，在未来，有必要将两者结合起来，以满足日益增长的清洁能源需求并应对全球变暖)”可知，未来清洁能源的发展将是结合新能源和可再生能源，即使用不同类型的清洁能源。故选A项。
B
The wildfires in Ls Angeles spread uncntrllably. Unluckily, Charltte’s hme was n its path. The height mark frm when she was a child was drawn n the kitchen wall. Family memries filled every crner f the huse. Her parents’ wedding vide frm the 1990s was put away in the basement. All things in the huse were gne. “It was a pretty special and unique huse,” says Charltte, wh ran away with her parents, her yunger sister and their three dgs when the fire brke ut.
A few days after the fire, a friend shared a vide with her. In the vide, Ls Angeles artist Heber ffers t create waterclr paintings f peple’s hmes befre they were burned fr free. Charltte reached ut t Heber, asking fr a painting f her childhd hme. “I want it as a surprise fr my parents, wh are suffering s much right nw,” Charltte says. She sent a pht t Heber, wh cmpleted a painting f Charltte’s hme in just three days.
Charltte says she will frever be thankful t Heber. “It means the wrld,” she says. “We’re in a situatin where we have nthing, and anything like that, especially pieces that hnr the memry f what the huse meant t us.”
After the wildfires started, Heber thught abut ways she culd cntribute. A friend sent her a pst by anther lcal artist ffering t draw peple’s hmes fr free, and Heber felt inspired (鼓舞). “This will be my way t help peple,” said Heber. Shrtly after she psted her ffer n scial media, requests started cming in. Heber has created mre than 25 paintings. She is glad that peple find her paintings meaningful, saying, “Hpefully it inspires thers t use their talents t help peple.”
4. What can be knwn abut Charltte’s hme?
A. It was pulled dwn fr path repair.B. It was repainted by her ld sister.
C. It was filled with varius vides.D. It was burned dwn by fire.
5. Why did Charltte ask Heber fr a painting f her huse?
A. T enjy classic art.B. T recver her memry.
C. T share it with her friend.D. T cheer up her parents.
6. Where did Heber’s inspiratin cme frm?
A. The ppularity f her vides.B. The experiences in her childhd.
C. The behavir f a lcal artist.D. The hpe t shw her painting skills.
7. What message des the text mainly deliver?
A. Quick actin in the face f disasters is necessary.
B. Artists shuld better their skills t make cntributins.
C. It’s imprtant t keep memries f ne’s childhd hme.
D. Small acts f kindness can bring warmth t peple in need.
【答案】4. D 5. D 6. C 7. D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述洛杉矶野火烧毁夏洛特家后，艺术家赫伯免费为受灾者绘制家园水彩画，用善意温暖受灾家庭的故事。
【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The wildfires in Ls Angeles spread uncntrllably. Unluckily, Charltte’s hme was n its path.(洛杉矶的野火失控蔓延。不幸的是，夏洛特的家就在火势蔓延的路径上)”和“All things in the huse were gne.(房子里的所有东西都没了)”可知，夏洛特的家被大火烧毁了。故选D项。
【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的““I want it as a surprise fr my parents, wh are suffering s much right nw,” Charltte says.(夏洛特说：“我想把它当作一份惊喜，送给此刻正承受着巨大痛苦的父母。”)”可知，夏洛特向赫伯索要自己家的画，是为了让正在遭受痛苦的父母开心起来、振作起来。故选D项。
【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“A friend sent her a pst by anther lcal artist ffering t draw peple’s hmes fr free, and Heber felt inspired (鼓舞).(一位朋友给她发了另一位当地艺术家免费为人们画家园的帖子，赫伯受到了鼓舞)”可知，赫伯的灵感来自另一位当地艺术家免费为人们画家园的行为。故选C项。
【7题详解】推理判断题。根据全文内容，尤其是第二段中赫伯免费为夏洛特绘制家园水彩画、第四段中赫伯免费为他人绘制多于25幅家园画并希望用自己的才华帮助他人可知，文章主要传递的信息是：小小的善举也能给有需要的人带来温暖。故选D项。
C
Meaningful cnversatins with children can be challenging fr a parent. The bk Hw t Talk S Kids Will Listen & Listen S Kids Will Talk by Adele Faber and Elaine Mazlish prvides much advice n imprving relatinships with children.
Faber and Mazlish are knwn fr their smart ways f helping parents and kids cmmunicate better. The bk has six chapters (章节), each abut different skills that can help parents deal with cmmn prblems. The authrs discuss many things parents face daily, frm dealing with their kids’ bad feelings t setting strict but kind rules. One f the best things abut the bk is hw much it stresses understanding and supprting kids’ feelings. The authrs say a clear cnnectin exists between hw kids feel and hw they act. Parents can create a safe envirnment where parents and kids can trust each ther and wrk tgether by recgnizing and understanding their feelings. This is different frm the usual ways f dealing with prblems invlving (涉及) punishment and threats, which ften make things wrse instead f better.
The writing style is clear and simple, s peple can quickly learn and implement the skills in their everyday lives. The tasks at the end f each chapter make it even mre useful by encuraging readers t try the skills and learn them by heart.
Everyne wh wants t imprve their cmmunicatin with kids shuld read this bk. Its respectful and understanding methds strengthen relatinships and imprve parenting. It is a helpful tl fr parents dealing with stubbrn children r the emtinal ups and dwns f teenagers.
Fllwing the ideas in this bk, parents can make their hmes mre peaceful, where kids feel heard and understd. This cntributes t raising cnfident, respectful, and mentally smart kids. Everyne wh wants t learn hw t cmmunicate with children effectively must read this famus bk.
8. What is Faber and Mazlish’s bk mainly abut?
A. Practical suggestins n better parenting.B. Creative strategies fr remving bad habits.
C. Ways fr children t becme mre independent.D. Cmmunicatin skills fr clear self-expressin.
9. What des the underlined wrd “implement” in paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A. Recrd.B. Cmpare.C. Recgnize.D. Apply.
10. What can parents expect t get by fllwing the ideas in the bk?
A. Mre pen-minded kids.B. A peaceful family envirnment.
C. A chance t meet like-minded parents.D. Better management ver their emtins.
11. What is the authr’s purpse in writing the text?
A. T recmmend a bk.B. T vice a cmmn fear.
C. T present an interesting finding.D. T ffer suggestins n remving stress.
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. B 11. A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了《如何说孩子才会听，如何听孩子才肯说》这本书及其内容与作用。
【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“The bk Hw t Talk S Kids Will Listen & Listen S Kids Will Talk by Adele Faber and Elaine Mazlish prvides much advice n imprving relatinships with children.(Adele Faber和Elaine Mazlish所著的《如何说孩子才会听，如何听孩子才肯说》一书提供了很多改善与孩子关系的建议)”以及第二段“The bk has six chapters (章节), each abut different skills that can help parents deal with cmmn prblems.(这本书有六个章节，每个章节都讲述了不同的技能，可以帮助父母处理常见的问题)”可知，Faber和Mazlish的书主要是关于更好的育儿的实用建议。故选A。
【9题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段“The writing style is clear and simple, s peple can quickly learn and implement the skills in their everyday lives.(写作风格清晰简单，所以人们可以很快学会并在日常生活中implement这些技能)”可知，这本书的写作风格清晰简单，所以人们可以快速学习并在日常生活中“运用”这些技能。由此可知，implement意为“运用”，与Apply意义相近。故选D。
【10题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Fllwing the ideas in this bk, parents can make their hmes mre peaceful, where kids feel heard and understd.(遵循这本书中的理念，父母可以让他们的家更平静，让孩子们感到被倾听和理解)”可知，遵循书中的理念，父母可以营造一个平静的家庭环境。故选B。
【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“The bk Hw t Talk S Kids Will Listen & Listen S Kids Will Talk by Adele Faber and Elaine Mazlish prvides much advice n imprving relatinships with children.(Adele Faber和Elaine Mazlish所著的《如何说孩子才会听，如何听孩子才肯说》一书提供了很多改善与孩子关系的建议)”以及最后一段“Everyne wh wants t learn hw t cmmunicate with children effectively must read this famus bk.(每个想学习如何与孩子有效沟通的人都必须读这本著名的书)”可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是推荐一本书。故选A。
D
Sprt utility vehicles (SUVs) and ther similar large-sized cars are cmmn n the rads acrss the UK. They made up 63% f new car sales last year, up frm 12% in 2010. Glbally, the number is abut 48% and shws n sign f cming dwn. Cars are getting bigger, and that is a prblem.
The main harm frm cars is rad danger, pllutin and peple driving instead f walking r cycling. Larger and heavier cars cause mre serius risks. A study lked at what happened when an SUV hit a walking persn r cyclist. It fund that adults were 44% mre likely t die if hit by an SUV than by a nrmal car. It als discvered that in the US, 10% f walker and cyclist deaths and serius injuries wuld be prevented if SUVs were replaced (代替) with smaller cars.
Cars are als getting wider — a trend (趋势) knwn as “carspreading”. On average, new cars in Eurpe gt half a centimetre wider each year frm 2010 t 2024. There is nly s much rad space, and mre f it being taken up by cars means there is less f it fr peple cycling r using ther types f transprtatin. If mre peple were walking and cycling, their health wuld be much better. S cars getting bigger means peple are missing ut n that advantage, t. The extra size f these cars als brings mre air pllutin. As SUVs are heavier than ther cars, they need mre il t run and give ff mre pllutin. And even electric SUVs cannt help imprve air quality as effectively as smaller electric cars.
If we are ging t have safer streets and cleaner air, we need t cnsider these prblems when buying a car. Gvernments are als expected t d mre t bring the csts f these cars int line with the extra danger and pllutin they cause.
12. What can we learn frm the study in paragraph 2?
A. SUVs are mre likely t cause deaths.
B. Nrmal cars can avid hitting walkers and cyclists.
C. The latest mdels f SUVs n the market are safer.
D. There are mre and mre peple chsing nt t drive.
13. What des paragraph 3 fcus n?
A. The slutin t limited rad space.
B. The harmful effects f the carspreading trend.
C. The reasns fr wider cars becming mre ppular in Eurpe.
D. The relatinship between car width and peple’s physical health.
14. What is the authr’s attitude twards larger cars?
A. Uncncerned.B. Mixed.C. Unsupprtive.D. Appreciative.
15. What is the best title fr the text?
A. The Increasing Ppularity f SUVsB. The Hidden Dangers f Larger Cars
C. The Develpment f the Car IndustryD. The Cmpetitin between Nrmal and Large Cars
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. C 15. B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕大型汽车(尤其是SUV)展开，介绍了其在全球及英国销量增长的现状，阐述了大型汽车在道路安全、占用空间、污染排放等方面带来的诸多隐患，同时呼吁个人购车时考虑这些问题，也希望政府采取措施管控大型汽车的相关成本以减少其危害。
【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“A study lked at what happened when an SUV hit a walking persn r cyclist. It fund that adults were 44% mre likely t die if hit by an SUV than by a nrmal car.(一项研究考察了当一辆运动型多用途车（SUV）撞上行人或骑自行车者时的情况。研究发现，与被普通汽车撞到相比，被SUV撞到的成年人死亡的可能性要高出44%)”可知，研究表明SUV相比普通汽车，更有可能导致被撞者死亡。故选A。
【13题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Cars are als getting wider — a trend (趋势) knwn as “carspreading”. On average, new cars in Eurpe gt half a centimetre wider each year frm 2010 t 2024. There is nly s much rad space, and mre f it being taken up by cars means there is less f it fr peple cycling r using ther types f transprtatin. If mre peple were walking and cycling, their health wuld be much better. S cars getting bigger means peple are missing ut n that advantage, t. The extra size f these cars als brings mre air pllutin. As SUVs are heavier than ther cars, they need mre il t run and give ff mre pllutin. And even electric SUVs cannt help imprve air quality as effectively as smaller electric cars.(汽车的车身尺寸也在不断加宽——这种现象被称为“汽车加宽化”。从2010年到2024年，欧洲的新车平均每年会加宽0.5厘米。道路空间是有限的，而汽车占用的更多空间意味着留给骑自行车或使用其他交通方式的人的空间就更少了。如果更多的人选择步行和骑自行车，他们的健康状况将会大大改善。因此，汽车变得更大意味着人们也失去了这一优势。这些汽车的额外尺寸还带来了更多的空气污染。由于SUV比其他汽车更重，它们需要更多的燃油来运行，并产生更多的污染。而且即使是电动SUV也无法像较小的电动汽车那样有效地改善空气质量)”可知，本段主要讲的是汽车变宽这一趋势的危害。故选B。
【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“If we are ging t have safer streets and cleaner air, we need t cnsider these prblems when buying a car. Gvernments are als expected t d mre t bring the csts f these cars int line with the extra danger and pllutin they cause.(如果我们想要拥有更安全的街道和更清洁的空气，那么在购买汽车时我们就需要考虑这些问题。同时，政府也应当采取更多措施，使这些汽车的成本与它们所带来的额外危险和污染相匹配)”以及作者详细阐述了大型汽车带来的道路安全风险、空间占用、污染加剧等问题，最后还呼吁人们购车时考虑这些问题，希望政府管控大型汽车的成本以匹配其造成的危害，由此可判断作者对大型汽车持不支持的态度。故选C。
【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Sprt utility vehicles (SUVs) and ther similar large-sized cars are cmmn n the rads acrss the UK. They made up 63% f new car sales last year, up frm 12% in 2010. Glbally, the number is abut 48% and shws n sign f cming dwn. Cars are getting bigger, and that is a prblem.(在英国各地的公路上，运动型多用途车（SUV）以及其他类似的大型汽车十分常见。去年这类车辆占新车销量的63%，而2010年这一比例仅为12%。在全球范围内，这一比例约为48%，且没有下降的迹象。汽车正变得越来越大，这确实是个问题)”以及文章开篇点明汽车变大是个问题，随后从安全、空间、污染等方面详细论述大型汽车的潜在危害，最后提出应对建议，即全文围绕大型汽车的隐患展开，B项“大型汽车的潜在危害”最适合作为文章标题。故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Phtgrapher Mandy has been creating pictures abut waste in the sea since 2010. As a child, she spent a lt f time n the east cast cllecting driftwd and sea glass. ____16____ She fund a cmputer, a TV, and s n. She had t ask what was ging n and where they came frm.
Her phtgraphy prject fcuses n man-made clthing. It began in a rck pl in 2012, where she fund a piece that lked exactly like seaweed, brwn and green, with markings. Pulling it ut, she fund it was actually plyester (聚酯纤维) frm abut the 1970s. ____17____ She realized that the clthing we were putting n was becming the plastics ging int ur waters.
On her website, there’s a map f all the places where she discvered the plastics. It shws that it’s nt just certain beaches cvered in plastics. ____18____ At the same time, Mandy stressed that plastics were nt the nly things left n the beach by chance. Frm Hallween cstumes t schl unifrms, she fund sme clthing dating back tens f years.
“____19____ That is because peple can’t visit these places, and the scientific research may nt be read by the general public,” she said. That thinking led her t start the phtgraphy prject, shwing hw fast fashin prduces a number f cheap clthing and peple dn’t wear it that lng. “In fact, we dn’t even think abut what happens t ur clthing after we thrw it away.”
When cmpleting her prject, Mandy prmised nt t buy any clthes fr a year. She nw ften receives emails frm thse wh d the same after seeing her phtgraphy wrk. Even if peple dn’t take that step, drawing attentin t the prblem can make them buy less. ____20____
A. It’s actually everywhere.
B. That’s a big win fr her.
C. They will sn break dwn.
D. Finding this changed her life.
E. She als fund ther things washed up.
F. I shuld pass n what’s ging n as an artist.
G. I’ve never thught what I d culd make a difference.
【答案】16. E 17. D 18. A 19. F 20. B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了摄影师曼迪自2010年起创作海洋垃圾主题摄影作品的经历与初衷。
【16题详解】根据上文“As a child, she spent a lt f time n the east cast cllecting driftwd and sea glass.(小时候，她花了很多时间在东海岸收集浮木和海玻璃)”以及下文“She fund a cmputer, a TV, and s n.(她发现了电脑、电视之类的东西)”可知，此空需要承接前文的海边捡拾行为，过渡到后文发现的各类非自然垃圾，体现其发现的垃圾种类的变化。E选项“She als fund ther things washed up.(她还发现了被冲上岸的其他东西)”中的“als”衔接前文的捡拾行为，“ther things washed up”指代后文的电脑、电视等垃圾，自然衔接上下文，符合语境。故选E项。
【17题详解】根据上文“Pulling it ut, she fund it was actually plyester (聚酯纤维) frm abut the 1970s.(她把它捞出来后，发现那其实是上世纪70年代的聚酯纤维制品)”以及下文“She realized that the clthing we were putting n was becming the plastics ging int ur waters.(她意识到，我们身上穿的衣物，正变成流入海洋的塑料垃圾)”可知，此空需要点明这次发现的重大影响，正是这次发现让她产生了后续的认知，进而开启相关摄影项目。D选项“Finding this changed her life.(这次发现改变了她的人生)”中的“Finding this”指代前文发现聚酯纤维衣物垃圾的经历，精准衔接后文她的认知转变，体现这次发现的关键作用，符合语境。故选D项。
【18题详解】根据上文“It shws that it’s nt just certain beaches cvered in plastics.(这表明，并非只有特定的海滩被塑料垃圾覆盖)”可知，此空需要承接前文，进一步说明海洋塑料垃圾的分布特点，即分布范围并非局限，而是十分广泛。A选项“It’s actually everywhere.(事实上，它无处不在)”中的“It”指代前文的“plastics”，直接承接“并非只有特定海滩有塑料垃圾”的观点，点明塑料垃圾遍布各处的分布现状，符合语境。故选A项。
【19题详解】根据下文“That is because peple can’t visit these places, and the scientific research may nt be read by the general public,” she said. That thinking led her t start the phtgraphy prject(她表示：“这是因为人们无法去到这些地方，而相关的科学研究也可能不会被普通大众看到。”正是这个想法，让她开启了这个摄影项目)”可知，此空需要点明她开启摄影项目的初衷，即作为摄影师想要将海洋垃圾的现状传递给大众。F选项“I shuld pass n what’s ging n as an artist.(作为一名艺术家，我应该把当下的现状传递出去)”中的“as an artist”契合她摄影师的身份，“pass n what’s ging n”正是她开启摄影项目的核心初衷，后文的内容则是对该句的原因解释，符合语境。故选F项。
【20题详解】根据上文“She nw ften receives emails frm thse wh d the same after seeing her phtgraphy wrk. Even if peple dn’t take that step, drawing attentin t the prblem can make them buy less.(如今，她经常收到一些人的邮件，这些人看了她的摄影作品后，也开始一年不买衣服。即便有人没有采取这一行动，让人们关注到这个问题，也能让他们减少衣物购买)”可知，此空需要总结前文的内容，点明这些结果对于曼迪的环保行动而言，是一种积极的成果。B选项“That’s a big win fr her.(这对她来说是一场巨大的胜利)”中的“That”指代前文人们受其作品影响采取的各类环保行为，精准总结这些行为带来的积极效果，契合曼迪的环保初衷，符合语境。故选B项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
James always dreamed f running a marathn (马拉松). As a child, he lved watching races n TV, ____21____ himself crssing the finish line t the sund f a cheering crwd. But at age 10, he was fund t have a serius ____22____. Dctrs tld him he wuld never be able t run like ther kids.
Fr years, James ____23____ with self-dubt. Every step he tk reminded him f his ____24____. But deep inside, he refused t believe that his dreams were ____25____ and began fcusing n what he culd d. With the help f a supprtive cach, he ____26____ built up his strength, first walking, and then jgging.
One day, he made a ____27____ — signing up fr a marathn. Friends and family tried t talk him int ____28____, but James just didn’t listen.
On the day f the marathn, he std at the starting pint with ____29____ runners. As the race began, he rushed frward with determinatin. The first few miles were ____30____, but he kept mving frward. He was slwer than the thers, but he didn’t ____31____.
As time went by, ____32____ set in and his legs began t ache. Hwever, when he thught he culdn’t g n anymre, he ____33____ the crwd was cheering fr him. He cntinued t____34____with all his strength. When he finally ____35____ the finish line, his eyes filled with tears. He prved t the wrld that determinatin can make dreams cme true.
21. A. bservingB. imaginingC. rememberingD. suggesting
22. A. errrB. cnditinC. influenceD. accident
23. A. cmmunicatedB. brkeC. agreedD. struggled
24. A. achievementsB. schedulesC. limitatinsD. respnsibilities
25. A. impssibleB. unavidableC. specificD. wrthwhile
26. A. alarminglyB. frmallyC. legallyD. slwly
27. A. cmmentB. differenceC. mveD. recvery
28. A. backing utB. hlding nC. turning arundD. starting ver
29. A. creativeB. frgivingC. experiencedD. helpful
30. A. relaxingB. challengingC. strategicD. equal
31. A. adaptB. slideC. quitD. sweat
32. A. calmnessB. prideC. lnelinessD. tiredness
33. A. heardB. mentinedC. wrriedD. expected
34. A. practiceB. advanceC. dreamD. dnate
35. A. crssedB. remvedC. missedD. measured
【答案】21. B 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述詹姆斯自幼梦想跑马拉松，却因患病被告知无法像常人一样跑步，最终凭借决心和坚持完成马拉松、实现梦想的故事。
【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：小时候，他喜欢在电视上看比赛，想象着自己在欢呼的人群中冲过终点线的样子。A. bserving观察；B. imagining想象；C. remembering记得；D. suggesting建议。根据前文“James always dreamed f running a marathn”可知，詹姆斯梦想跑马拉松，看比赛时会想象自己冲过终点线的场景。故选B。
【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但在10岁时，他被发现患有严重的疾病。A. errr 错误；B. cnditin疾病、状况；C. influence影响；D. accident事故。根据后文“Dctrs tld him he wuld never be able t run like ther kids”可知，此处指他患上了严重的疾病，导致无法像其他孩子一样跑步。故选B。
【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：多年来，詹姆斯一直与自我怀疑作斗争。A. cmmunicated交流；B. brke打破；C. agreed同意；D. struggled斗争。根据前文他患病无法跑步、梦想受阻，以及“self-dubt”可知，他长期在自我怀疑中挣扎。故选D。
【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他迈出的每一步都让他想起自己的局限。A. achievements成就；B. schedules日程；C. limitatins局限、限制；D. respnsibilities责任。根据上文“Dctrs tld him he wuld never be able t run like ther kids.”可知，每一步都能让他意识到自己身体上的局限。故选C。
【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但在内心深处，他拒绝相信自己的梦想是不可能实现的，并开始专注于自己能做的事情。A. impssible不可能的；B. unavidable不可避免的；C. specific具体的；D. wrthwhile值得的。根据下文“built up his strength, first walking, and then jgging.”他开始锻炼、尝试跑马拉松可知，他不相信自己的梦想无法实现。故选A。
【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：在一位支持他的教练的帮助下，他慢慢增强了力量，先是走路，然后是慢跑。A. alarmingly惊人地；B. frmally正式地；C. legally合法地；D. slwly慢慢地。根据下文“first walking, and then jgging” 可知，他的力量是逐步、慢慢增强的，符合循序渐进的过程。故选D。
【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一天，他做出了一个举动 —— 报名参加马拉松。A. cmment评论；B. difference差异；C. mve举动、行动；D. recvery恢复。结合后文“signing up fr a marathn”可知，报名参加马拉松是他做出的一个具体举动。故选C。
【28题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：亲友们试图劝他退出，但詹姆斯就是不听。A. backing ut退出、打退堂鼓；B. hlding n坚持；C. turning arund转身；D. starting ver重新开始。根据后文“but James just didn’t listen.”并结合他的身体情况推测，亲友劝他退出比赛。故选A。
【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：马拉松那天，他和一群经验丰富的跑步者一起站在起跑线上。A. creative有创造力的；B. frgiving宽容的；C. experienced有经验的；D. helpful有帮助的。结合马拉松比赛的场景，参与比赛的大多是有经验的跑步者，符合语境。故选C。
【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：开始的几英里很有挑战性，但他一直向前走。A. relaxing令人放松的；B. challenging 挑战性的；C. strategic战略性的；D. equal平等的。结合詹姆斯的身体状况，以及后文“but he kept mving frward”可知，刚开始的几英里对他来说并不容易，充满挑战。故选B。
【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他比其他人慢，但他没有放弃。A. adapt适应；B. slide滑动；C. quit放弃；D. sweat出汗。根据前文“he was slwer than the thers, but”可知，此处表转折，他虽然慢，但没有放弃。故选C。
【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，疲惫感袭来，他的腿开始酸痛。A. calmness冷静；B. pride骄傲；C. lneliness孤独；D. tiredness疲惫、劳累。根据后文“his legs began t ache”可知，长时间跑步让他感到疲惫。故选D。
【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，当他以为自己再也跑不动的时候，他听到了人群在为他欢呼。A. heard听到；B. mentined提到；C. wrried担心；D. expected期待。结合下文“the crwd was cheering fr him”可知，他听到了人群的欢呼声。故选A。
【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他继续用尽全力前进。A. practice练习；B. advance前进、推进；C. dream梦想；D. dnate捐赠。根据前文“the crwd was cheering fr him.”可知，听到人群欢呼他继续向前跑。故选B。
【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他最终冲过终点线时，眼里充满了泪水。A. crssed穿过、冲过；B. remved移除；C. missed错过；D. measured测量。根据后文“his eyes filled with tears. He prved t the wrld that determinatin can make dreams cme true.”可知，他冲过了终点线。故选A。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Museum f Fine Arts in Budapest pened a majr Chinese cultural exhibitin (展览) n Nv 27. It is ne f the mst imprtant Chinese cultural exhibitins ever ____36____ (hld) in Hungary and presents ver 150 ancient artwrks frm the Qin (221 BC—206 BC) and Han (206 BC—220 AD) dynasties, including 10 riginal Terractta Warrirs.
The exhibitin, ____37____ was rganized by the Budapest museum and the Shaanxi Prvincial Cultural Heritage Administratin, is scheduled ____38____ (last) fr six mnths.
In his pening speech, Hungarian President Tamas Sulyk said that Hungary and China have develped strng and fruitful relatins in a variety f ____39____ (field), like culture, ecnmy, science, innvatin and diplmacy. He added that such an exhibitin culd shw the fast ____40____ (grw) cnnectins between the tw cuntries.
Laszl Baan, ____41____ (direct) f the museum, says the exhibitin sets a new benchmark fr Central Eurpe. He expresses cnfidence that ____42____ number f visitrs culd be “amng the highest in the museum’s histry”, reaching half a millin.
Reka Palinka, a visitr, says she ____43____ (intrduce) t the Terractta Warrirs fr the first time in 1988 in Budapest, and revisiting them years later has deepened her understanding f their histrical ____44____ cultural imprtance. “When I was yung, it just amazed me; nw I can _____45_____ (true) understand hw big and imprtant this special grup f ancient relics is,” she says.
【答案】36. held 37. which 38. t last 39. fields 40. grwing 41. directr 42. the 43. was intrduced 44. and 45. truly
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了布达佩斯美术博物馆于11月27日举办的一场大型中国文化展览，介绍了展览的主办方、展期、展品，以及匈牙利总统、博物馆负责人和参观者对这场展览的评价。
【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这是匈牙利举办过的最重要的中国文化展览之一，展出了来自秦朝（公元前221年—公元前206年）和汉朝（公元前206年—公元220年）的超过150件古代艺术品，其中包括10尊原版兵马俑。空格处作后置定语修饰名词exhibitins，exhibitins与hld之间为被动关系，故用过去分词形式。故填held。
【37题详解】考查定语从句。句意：此次展览由布达佩斯博物馆和陕西省文化遗产管理局联合举办，预计将持续六个月。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为The exhibitin，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，故用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【38题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：此次展览由布达佩斯博物馆和陕西省文化遗产管理局联合举办，预计将持续六个月。be scheduled t d sth.为固定搭配，意为“计划做某事”。故填t last。
【39题详解】考查名词单复数。句意：在开幕致辞中，匈牙利总统塔马斯·苏柳克表示，匈牙利和中国在文化、经济、科学、创新以及外交等多个领域建立了紧密且富有成效的关系。a variety f为固定搭配，意为“各种各样的”，后接可数名词的复数形式，故填fields。
【40题详解】考查形容词。句意：他补充说，这样的展览能够展示两国之间日益紧密的联系。空格处修饰名词cnnectins用形容词grwing，作定语，意为“不断增长的”。故填grwing。
【41题详解】考查名词。句意：该博物馆馆长拉兹洛·巴恩表示，此次展览为中欧地区树立了新的标杆。空格处作同位语，解释说明Laszl Baan的身份，指“博物馆馆长”，需用名词形式，且表示头衔职位的名词作同位语用单数，故填directr。
【42题详解】考查冠词。句意：他满怀信心地表示，参观人数可能会“达到该博物馆历史上的最高水平”，达到50万人次之多。the number f意为“……的数量”，故填the。
【43题详解】考查动词时态、语态及主谓一致。句意：游客雷卡·帕林卡表示，她于1988年在布达佩斯首次接触到兵马俑，多年后再次参观这些文物，这让她更加深刻地理解了它们在历史和文化方面的重要意义。由时间状语in 1988可知，此处描述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时；主语she为第三人称单数形式，与动词intrduce之间为被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was intrduced。
【44题详解】考查连词。句意：游客雷卡·帕林卡表示，她于1988年在布达佩斯首次接触到兵马俑，多年后再次参观这些文物，这让她更加深刻地理解了它们在历史和文化方面的重要意义。空格前后的histrical和cultural为并列的形容词，共同修饰名词imprtance，故用连词and连接。故填and。
【45题详解】考查副词。句意：“在我年轻的时候，这一切只是令我感到惊奇；而现在，我终于能够真正理解这一特殊的一批古代文物有多么庞大且意义非凡了。” 她说道。空格处修饰动词understand用副词truly，故填truly。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，上周你班组织了主题为“保护我们身边的野生动植物”的活动，请给你的英国好友Mark写封邮件，内容包括：
1. 活动内容；
2. 你的感想。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mark,
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mark,
Hw have yu been lately? Last week, ur class rganized an activity with the theme f “Prtecting Wildlife Arund Us”.
We first watched sme educatinal vides abut endangered species. Then we made psters and handed them ut in the cmmunity t raise awareness abut wildlife prtectin. We als planted sme lcal wild plants in the park.
This activity made me realize the urgency f prtecting wildlife. Every small actin cunts in safeguarding ur planet’s bidiversity. I hpe we can d mre tgether in the future.
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Lily and I had been best friends since primary schl — we shared everything, frm ur favrite snacks t ur deepest secrets, and prmised t be by each ther’s side n matter what happened in ur life. S when her 14th birthday rlled arund, I spent weeks preparing the perfect gift: a hand-painted ntebk, every page with tiny drawings f ur valuable memries tgether, frm the time we gt lst at the amusement park t the night we stayed up crying ver a sad mvie. I even wrte a heartfelt letter inside, puring ut hw much she meant t me and hw thankful I was fr ur friendship.
On her birthday party, I pushed my way thrugh the crwd, handed her the gift with a big smile, and waited excitedly fr her reactin (反应). But t my shck, Lily just tk a quick lk at the ntebk, said a quiet “thanks”, threw it carelessly nt the messy table, and turned t chat with ther guests right away withut a secnd lk. My heart fell like a stne. Did she hate it that much? Had ur friendship really meant s little t her? Fr the rest f the party, I felt a tight, sad feeling in my thrat, hardly said any wrd, and left early with a brken heart.
After that day, I distanced myself frm her — stpping ur daily walks t schl, ignring (无视) her texts and calls, and even mving t a back seat in the class t avid her. Lily tried t talk t me several times, fllwing me dwn the hallway and leaving ntes n my desk, but I still avided her, t hurt and angry t listen. We grew apart, and ur nce unbreakable friendship turned int awkward silence.
We didn’t talk fr a whle mnth. During thse lng, quiet days, I thught abut Lily every single day. I kept replaying the happy times we’d shared in my mind, wndering if we culd ever g back t being the clse friends we used t be.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
One afternn, Lily shwed up at my dr, hlding that same ntebk.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Hearing Lily’s wrds, all my anger and sadness disappeared immediately.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
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【答案】
One afternn, Lily shwed up at my dr, hlding that same ntebk. Her eyes were red and swllen as she aplgized t me. She explained that n her birthday, right befre I gave her the gift, she’d gtten an urgent call — her grandma had passed ut suddenly and been rushed t the hspital. She’d been s scared and distracted that she’d had n time t lk at the ntebk carefully. But when she pened it that night, she cried. “This is the best gift I’ve ever received,” she said as she turned the pages. I saw tear marks n the letter I’d written.
Hearing Lily’s wrds, all my anger and sadness disappeared immediately. I hugged Lily tightly, saying that I was s stupid fr jumping t cnclusins withut asking her why. We sat n the sfa, admiring the ntebk tgether. She pinted at each drawing and tld me hw much she lved every detail. I aplgized fr ignring her calls and hiding frm her thse days, and she said she was srry fr nt explaining t me sner. The sun cast a warm glw n bth f us. As we laughed at ur silly memries, I realized that true friendship is built n understanding and frgiveness, nt just happy times tgether.
Quality
New Energy
Renewable Energy
Surce
Can include nn-renewable surces like nuclear energy
Cmes frm natural surces like sunlight, wind, and water
Envirnmental Influence
May have different envirnmental influences depending n the surce
Has lwer envirnmental influences cmpared t traditinal energy surces
Sustainability (可持续性)
May r may nt be sustainable in the lng term
Is cnsidered sustainable as they are frm surces that cannt be used up
Csts
Can differ depending n the surce and technlgy used
Have been falling ver time as technlgy advances