2026届高三英语二轮高效复习讲义阅读理解素养培优（二）思辨性语篇题专项突破（Word版附解析）

这是一份2026届高三英语二轮高效复习讲义阅读理解素养培优（二）思辨性语篇题专项突破（Word版附解析），共2页。
高考思辨性语篇考查三大核心能力：逻辑分析能力(厘清论证结构)、批判思维能力(评估观点合理性)和观点提炼能力(把握作者立场)。这类题型不仅要求考生理解文本内容，更要分析论证方法(如类比、例证)和写作意图(如说服、阐释)。备考时需重点训练论证结构图解法，培养“论点—论据—结论”的思维模式。
专家说考情
1.聚焦论证链条：文章围绕“提出问题—分析—论证—结论”的完整链条展开，考查考生梳理行文思路的能力，而非孤立考查对观点的理解。
2.紧盯逻辑关系词：推理判断题答案多藏于因果、转折等逻辑关系词前后，考查考生对论证手法和态度转变的精准捕捉。
3.提炼核心冲突/问题：标题/主旨题要求考生对文章探讨的核心矛盾或问题进行提炼浓缩；正确答案常具思辨或批判色彩，并非简单概括内容。
名师说对策
A
(2025·全国一卷阅读C)While safety imprvements might have been made t ur streets in recent years，transprt studies als shw declines in pedestrian (行人) mbility，especially amng yung children.Many parents say there’s t much traffic n the rads fr their children t walk safely t schl，s they pack them int the car instead.
Dutch authrs Thalia Verkade and Marc te Brömmelstret are bthered by facts like these.In their new bk Mvement： Hw t Take Back Our Streets and Transfrm Our Lives，they call fr a rethink f ur streets and the rle they play in ur lives.
Life n city streets started t change decades ag.Whle neighburhds were destryed t make way fr new rad netwrks and kids had t play elsewhere.Sme cmmunities fught back.Mst famusly，a Canadian jurnalist wh had mved her family t Manhattan in the early 1950s led a campaign t stp the destructin f her lcal park.Describing her alarm at its prpsed replacement with an expressway，Jane Jacbs called n her mayr (市长) t champin “New Yrk as a decent place t live，and nt just rush thrugh.” Similar campaigns ccurred in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s as well.
Althugh these campaigns were widespread，the reality is that the majrity f the western cities were cmpletely redesigned arund the needs f the mtr car.The number f cars n rads has been increasing rapidly.In Australia we nw have ver twenty millin cars fr just ver twenty-six millin peple，amng the highest rate f car wnership in the wrld.
We invest a lt in rads that help us rush thrugh，but we fail t accunt fr the true csts.D we really recgnise what it csts us as a sciety when children can’t mve safely arund ur cmmunities？ The authrs f Mvement have it right： it’s time t think differently abut that street utside yur frnt dr.
[语篇解读]本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了西方城市过度围绕汽车设计导致行人流动性下降，尤其是儿童步行减少的现象，并通过历史案例和现状分析呼吁反思街道功能，重视城市宜居性。
1.What phenmenn des the authr pint ut in Paragraph 1？
A.Cars ften get stuck n the rad.
B.Traffic accidents ccur frequently.
C.Peple walk less and drive mre.
D.Pedestrians fail t fllw the rules.
C [细节理解题。根据第一段可知，交通研究也显示行人(尤其是儿童)的活动能力在下降。许多家长表示道路上车流量太大，孩子步行上学不安全，因此他们选择开车送孩子。故选C。]
2.What were the Canadian jurnalist and ther campaigners trying t d？
A.Keep their cities livable.
B.Prmte cultural diversity.
C.Help the needy families.
D.Make expressways accessible.
A [推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Describing her alarm at its prpsed replacement with an expressway，Jane Jacbs called n her mayr (市长) t champin ‘New Yrk as a decent place t live，and nt just rush thrugh.’”可知，Jane Jacbs描述了得知全国计划被高速公路取代时的恐慌，她呼吁市长将纽约建设成一个宜居的好地方，而不仅仅是一个人们匆匆而过的地方。故选A。]
3.What can be inferred abut the campaigns in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s？
A.They bsted the sales f cars.
B.They turned ut largely ineffective.
C.They wn gvernment supprt.
D.They advcated building new parks.
B [推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Althugh these campaigns were widespread，the reality is that the majrity f the western cities were cmpletely redesigned arund the needs f the mtr car.The number f cars n rads has been increasing rapidly.(尽管这些运动很普遍，但现实是大多数西方城市完全围绕机动车的需求进行了重新设计。道路上的汽车数量一直在迅速增加)”可推知，20世纪60年代末和70年代澳大利亚的竞选活动未能阻止汽车发展，基本上没有效果。故选B。]
4.What can be a suitable title fr the text？
A.Why the Rush？ B.What’s Next？
C.Where t Stay？ D.Wh t Blame？
A [主旨大意题。通读全文，并根据文章最后一段“We invest a lt in rads that help us rush thrugh，but we fail t accunt fr the true csts.D we really recgnise what it csts us as a sciety when children can’t mve safely arund ur cmmunities？ (我们在帮助我们快速通过的道路上投入了大量资金，但我们没有考虑到真正的成本。当我们真的认识到孩子们不能在我们的社区安全地移动时，我们作为一个社会将会付出什么代价？)”可推知，本文批判城市过度追求交通效率、忽视行人需求的现象，A项“Why the Rush？ (为何匆匆？)”质问“rush thrugh (匆匆通行)”的规划理念，契合主旨，最适合作为本文标题。故选A。]
B
(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷阅读C)Is cmprehensin the same whether a persn reads a text n screen r n paper？ And are listening t and viewing cntent as effective as reading the written wrd when cvering the same material？The answers t bth questins are ften “n” .The reasns relate t a variety f factrs，including reduced cncentratin，an entertainment mindset (心态) and a tendency t multitask while cnsuming digital cntent.
When reading texts f several hundred wrds r mre，learning is generally mre successful when it’s n paper than n screen.A large amunt f research cnfirms this finding.The benefits f print reading particularly shine thrugh when experimenters mve frm psing simple tasks—like identifying the main idea in a reading passage—t nes that require mental abstractin—such as drawing inferences frm a text.
The differences between print and digital reading results are partly related t paper’s physical prperties.With paper，there is a literal laying n f hands，alng with the visual gegraphy f distinct pages.Peple ften link their memry f what they’ve read t hw far int the bk it was r where it was n the page.
But equally imprtant is the mental aspect.Reading researchers have prpsed a thery called “shallwing hypthesis (假说)”.Accrding t this thery，peple apprach digital texts with a mindset suited t scial media，which are ften nt s serius，and devte less mental effrt than when they are reading print.
Audi (音频) and vide can feel mre engaging than text，and s university teachers increasingly turn t these technlgies—say，assigning an nline talk instead f an article by the same persn.Hwever，psychlgists have demnstrated that when adults read news stries，they remember mre f the cntent than if they listen t r view identical pieces.
Digital texts，audi and vide all have educatinal rles，especially when prviding resurces nt available in print.Hwever，fr maximizing learning where mental fcus and reflectin are called fr，educatrs shuldn’t assume all media are the same，even when they cntain identical wrds.
[语篇解读]本文是一篇议论文。文章探讨了有纸化学习与无纸化学习的区别，并提出用纸质书籍更容易让人投入、专心学习，而电子书籍更容易使人分心，故有纸化学习在教育中是不能完全被取代的。
5.What des the underlined phrase “shine thrugh” in Paragraph 2 mean？
A.Seem unlikely t last.
B.Seem hard t explain.
C.Becme ready t use.
D.Becme easy t ntice.
D [词义猜测题。本段第一句谈到当阅读几百字或更多字的文本时，有纸化学习通常比在屏幕上学习更成功，接着谈到大量的研究证实了这一发现。故画线短语所在部分应该是指从提出简单的任务转向需要抽象思维的任务时，这种有纸化阅读的好处尤其明显，也就是说很容易被注意到，由此可知，画线单词shine thrugh意为“明显的”，与D项意思相近。故选D。]
6.What des the shallwing hypthesis assume？
A.Readers treat digital texts lightly.
B.Digital texts are simpler t understand.
C.Peple select digital texts randmly.
D.Digital texts are suitable fr scial media.
A [细节理解题。根据第四段中的“which are ften nt s serius”以及“devte less mental effrt”可知，在对待电子文本的时候，读者通常不是很严肃，同时比阅读纸质文本时投入的精力要少，即读者对电子文本不是很重视，故选A。]
7.Why are audi and vide increasingly used by university teachers？
A.They can hld students’ attentin.
B.They are mre cnvenient t prepare.
C.They help develp advanced skills.
D.They are mre infrmative than text.
A [细节理解题。根据第五段第一句可知，音频和视频比文字更吸引人，所以大学教师越来越多地改用这些技术，故选A。]
8.What des the authr imply in the last paragraph？
A.Students shuld apply multiple learning techniques.
B.Teachers shuld prduce their wn teaching material.
C.Print texts cannt be entirely replaced in educatin.
D.Educatin utside the classrm cannt be ignred.
C [推理判断题。最后一段首先谈到电子文本、音频和视频都具有教育作用，特别是在提供纸质文本无法提供的资源时。Hwever后提到为了最大限度地进行需要集中注意力和反思的学习，教育者不应该假设所有媒体都是一样的，即使它们包含相同的词汇。这与倒数第二段最后一句中的信息意思一致：当成年人阅读新闻故事时，他们比听或看相同的片段能记住更多内容，也就是说有纸化学习在教育中是不能完全被取代的，故选C。]
(九)思辨性语篇题专练
A
(2025·太原高三年级模拟考试)If yu’re digitally skilled，it has likely been a while since yu spent much time writing by hand.The labrius prcess f tracing ut ur thughts，letter by letter，n the page is becming a thing f the past in ur screen-dminated wrld，where text messages and thumb-typed grcery lists have replaced handwritten letters and sticky ntes.T keep up，many schls are intrducing cmputers as early as preschl，meaning sme kids may learn the basics f typing befre writing by hand.Althugh electrnic keybards ffer bvius efficiency benefits，giving up handwriting may cme at a significant cst.
Typing pays n attentin t the frm f the letters—nly invlving relatively simple and unifrm mvements.By cntrast，handwriting is a cmplex task.The mtr system has t delicately adjust the pressure that each finger applies n the pen t recreate each letter.Adding t the cmplexity，yur visual system must cntinuusly prcess that letter as it’s frmed，with yur brain making adjustments t fingers in real time t create the letters’ shapes.“This prcess lets yu make yur bdy and what yu are seeing mesh，” says Rbert Wiley，a cgnitive psychlgist at the University f Nrth Carlina at Greensbr，adding “such cmplexity is crucial t mental develpment.”
Screens and keybards replacing pen and paper might affect kids’ ability t learn letters，which is actually an imprtant predictr f later reading and math attainments.If yung children are nt receiving any handwriting training，their brains simply wn’t reach their full ptential.Fr adults，typing ften results in failing t actually prcess infrmatin.During a lecture，it’s pssible t type what they’re hearing wrd fr wrd.But ften，they’re just typing blindly，failing t make infrmatin their wn.On the ther hand，taking ntes by hand frces them t write nly key wrds and use drawings r arrws t wrk thrugh ideas.
Actually，we dn’t have t drp digital tls，like graphics tablets and smart pens，t capitalize n the pwer f handwriting.Recent research suggests that writing n a screen activates the same brain pathways as writing n paper.It’s the mvement that cunts，nt its final frm.
[语篇解读]本文是议论文。在屏幕主导的世界里，手写逐渐被打字取代。本文对比了打字和手写的不同，指出放弃手写可能会付出很大代价，如影响孩子的心理发展、学习字母的能力以及成年人对信息的处理。
1.What des the authr intend t cnvey in Paragraph 1？
A.Abandning handwriting is unwise.
B.Digital literacy is essential nwadays.
C.Handwritten cmmunicatin is ut f date.
D.Cmputer curses are urgently needed in preschls.
A [细节理解题。第一段先描述了在屏幕主导的世界里，手写逐渐被打字取代，很多学校在幼儿园时期就引入了计算机，一些孩子可能先学打字后学手写的现象，接着指出“Althugh electrnic keybards ffer bvius efficiency benefits，giving up handwriting may cme at a significant cst”，即尽管电子键盘具有明显的效率优势，但放弃手写可能会付出巨大的代价。由此可知，作者在第一段想要表达放弃手写是不明智的，故选A。]
2.What des the underlined wrd “mesh”in Paragraph 2 mean？
A.Set up.B.Run fast.
C.Mess up.D.Wrk tgether.
D [词句猜测题。画线词所在句前讲手写是一项复杂的任务，运动神经系统必须精细地调整每个手指在笔上施加的压力，以重现每个字母；更复杂的是，你的视觉系统必须在字母形成的过程中不断地处理它，同时你的大脑要实时地对手指进行调整，以形成字母的形状。由此可知，此处强调在手写的过程中，你的身体和你所看见的东西会相互协调，故画线词与D项的意思最为接近。]
3.What can be inferred frm Paragraph 3 ？
A.Blind typing cntributes t brain develpment.
B.Kids have a preference fr screens and keybards.
C.Handwritten markers are gd fr getting ideas linked.
D.Adults have the ability t memrize cmplex infrmatin.
C [推理判断题。根据第三段的“On the ther hand，taking ntes by hand frces them t write nly key wrds and use drawings r arrws t wrk thrugh ideas”可知，手写笔记迫使人们只写关键词，使用图画或箭头来梳理想法，这说明手写标记有助于将想法联系起来，故选C。]
4.What is the authr’s attitude twards using digital pens？
A.Dubtful.B.Critical.
C.Favrable.D.Unclear.
C [观点态度题。根据最后一段的内容可知，作者认为人们不必放弃数字工具来利用手写的力量，最近的研究表明在屏幕上书写会激活与在纸上书写相同的大脑神经通路，重要的是书写的动作，而不是最终形式。由此可推知，作者对使用数字笔书写持支持的态度，故选C。]
B
(2025·成都高中毕业班第二次诊断性检测)A quiet revlutin is happening in autnmus systems，freeing us frm the burdens f labr and giving us mre cntrl ver ur lives.A rbtaxi can give yu a smth ride t wherever yu need t g while a humanid rbt can handle chres at hme.
Undubtedly，instead f spending time driving，r flding laundry，we can engage in intellectual，artistic，and scial pursuits that were previusly unimaginable.We can learn new languages，develp new skills，r cnnect mre deeply with lved nes.We are clse t a future where the freedm t create and explre is n lnger limited by the demands f daily life.
Hwever，undeniable cnvenience as these autnmus systems ffer，there’s smething special abut the tasks they aim t replace.Learning t drive，r even flding laundry is nt just chres but the very fabric f ur human experience.The first time yu gt behind the wheel f a car gave yu a mment f grwth and independence.Flding laundry can be a quiet，reflective mment—a reminder that life is made up f simple rhythms.
Here lies the cntradictin：Autnmy isn’t just abut freedm frm wrk but cntrl.As we hand ver mre cntrl t machines，we are lsing sme f ur wn.
Take Full Self-Driving(FSD)system，fr example.Despite the incredible cnvenience and safety it ffers，we need t reflect n what we might be leaving behind as we mve clser t this reality.Fr many，driving is mre than just a means f getting frm ne destinatin t anther—it’s an experience abut freedm and cntrl.The sensry cnnectin t the rad，and even the jy f mastering the art f driving are elements that technlgy might replace，but nt necessarily reprduce.
True human autnmy is nt just abut handing ver daily tasks t machines.It’s abut the chice t engage in thse tasks when we want t.The simple act f driving a car，r cleaning a hme is mre than just a functin；it’s an expressin f ur humanity.Perhaps that’s the real challenge in frnt f us as autnmus systems becme mre integrated int ur lives：hw t use these machines t enhance ur freedm withut lsing the very expressin f ur humanity.
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了自主系统带给人们无可否认的便利，但同时人们也因此可能会丧失一部分属于自己的控制权和人类体验。
5.What d autnmus systems prbably enable us t get？
A.Greater abilities t handle chres.
B.Higher intellectual ambitins.
C.Mre pprtunities t develp creativity.
D.A free future f living withut limits.
C [推理判断题。第二段讲毫无疑问，不用花时间开车或者叠衣服，人们可以参加那些以前难以想象的知识性、艺术性和社交性的活动，人们可以学习新的语言、培养新的技能，或者与至爱的人建立更深厚的联系。由此可推知，因为有了自主系统，人们可以有时间投入到一些激发创造力的活动之中，故选C。]
6.What des Paragraph 3 mainly fcus n？
A.The value f rutine experiences.
B.The freedm thrugh technlgy.
C.The reflectins n persnal grwth.
D.The rm fr imprving autnmus systems.
A [主旨大意题。第三段首句是段落主旨句，表明尽管这些自主系统带来了无可否认的便利，但它们试图取代的那些任务却有着独特的意义。接着以学习开车和折叠衣服为例，具体说明这些家务活是人类经历的重要组成部分。由此可知，本段主要关注日常经历的价值，故选A。]
7.Why des the authr mentin“FSD system”？
A.T demnstrate the jy f driving.
B.T argue against the freedm frm wrk.
C.T give an example f technlgical cnvenience.
D.T stress the lss f cntrl and human experience.
D [推理判断题。第五段以完全自动驾驶系统为例，说明尽管它带来了难以置信的便利和安全性，但人们需要反思在这个过程中可能会失去什么。接着作者具体说明对很多人来说，驾驶不仅是从一个地方到另一个地方的出行方式，它是一种关于自由和掌控的体验；与道路的感官联系，甚至是掌握驾驶技巧所带来的乐趣，这些都是技术可能会取代，但不一定能复制的元素。由此可知，作者提及完全自动驾驶系统是为了强调因自主系统而造成的控制权和人类体验的丧失，故选D。]
8.What message des the authr mainly cnvey？
A.Technlgy serves as a helping hand.
B.Freedm isn’t what technlgy ffers us.
C.The future f autnmus systems is in ur hands.
D.There are cnflicts between innvatin and autnmy.
D [主旨大意题。通读全文可知，作者一方面承认了自主系统带来的便利，另一方面呼吁人们关注在这一过程中人们可能丧失的控制权和人类体验，最后作者强调真正的人类自主不仅仅是把日常任务交给机器，而是保留人们选择参与这些任务的权利，利用机器增强自由的同时又不失去人性的表达。故D项“创新和自主之间存在冲突”是作者主要想传递的信息。]
C
(2025·南昌高三模拟测试)Genres(体裁) are ften viewed as structural framewrks fr literary texts，nt which elements like imagery，characters，plt，and settings are layered.These framewrks are passed dwn thrugh generatins，evlving(演变) ver time.
Amng all genres，the nvel received the mst critical attentin in the twentieth century，ften praised as the “king f genres” due t its reflectin n the real wrld.Yet，in the nineteenth century，it was primarily seen as a frm f middle-class entertainment.It was nt until the twentieth century that the nvel was lifted t the status f an art frm，jining in the same league as painting r classical music.Later n，many schlars successively studied the characteristics f nvels frm the 18th and 19th centuries.
Recently，in a bk f Edwin Frank，Stranger Than Fictin，he raises an appealing questin： Is there such a thing as a “twentieth-century nvel”？ Is it meaningful t distinguish the twentieth-century nvel frm its nineteenth-century predecessr—r even frm the nvel f the twenty-first century？ Frank thinks s.In his bk，he illustrates hw the twentieth-century nvel matures int a distinct literary genre.The twentieth century was a perid f vilent change； therefre，vilent change is what the twentieth-century nvel reflects—nt，r nt nly，in its subject matter but in its frm.Frank suggests that，mdern as the twentieth-century nvel is，it shws the cultural relevance t develpment f scieties.
Hwever，that relevance seems t have waned.Tday，the nvel n lnger hlds a central place in the cultural cnversatin.Peple’s daily questin has shifted frm “What are yu reading？” t “What are yu streaming？” Televisin series have emerged as the dminant frm f middle-class entertainment in the twenty-first century.
Has prestige televisin reshaped the rle f the nvel？ Many nineteenth-century nvels gain vitality in the twentieth century thrugh film adaptatins.Henry James，fr example，wuld likely be pleased t knw that The Prtrait f a Lady has been adapted int a miniseries，a feature film，and even a televisin versin—each reaching a far larger audience than the riginal print editin culd ever have hped fr.
[语篇解读]本文是说明文。小说这一文学体裁因其对现实世界的反映在二十世纪备受关注，Edwin Frank在其书Stranger Than Fictin中探讨了二十世纪小说的演变和独特性。如今，小说在文化对话中不再占据中心地位，电影、电视等大众传播媒介为小说注入了新的活力。
9.Why did the nvel gain recgnitin in the twentieth century？
A.It mirrred its link with reality.
B.It was written in amusing frms.
C.It displayed attractive characters.
D.It was authred by the middle class.
A [细节理解题。根据第二段的“Amng all genres，the nvel received the mst critical attentin in the twentieth century，ften praised as the ‘king f genres’ due t its reflectin n the real wrld”可知，在所有体裁中，小说在二十世纪受到了最重要的关注，因其对现实世界的反映而被誉为“体裁之王”。由此可知，小说在二十世纪获得认可的原因是它反映了与现实的联系，故选A。]
10.Which aspect f the twentieth-century nvel des Stranger Than Fictin fcus n？
A.Its rise and fall.
B.Its expansin and effect.
C.Its significance and limitatin.
D.Its evlutin and uniqueness.
D [推理判断题。根据题干中的Stranger Than Fictin将答案定位在第三段。根据该段的“In his bk，he illustrates hw the twentieth-century nvel matures int a distinct literary genre”可知，在Stranger Than Fictin这本书中，Frank阐述了二十世纪小说如何发展为一种独特的文学体裁，即二十世纪小说的演变过程；再根据该段的“The twentieth century was a perid f vilent as the twentieth-century nvel is，it shws the cultural relevance t develpment f scieties”可知，二十世纪小说反映了二十世纪的剧烈变化，不仅反映在题材上，也反映在形式上，尽管二十世纪小说是现代的，但它显示了与社会发展的文化相关性，所以该书还关注了二十世纪小说的独特性。故选D。]
11.What des the underlined wrd “waned” in Paragraph 4 mean？
A.Varied.B.Weakened.
C.Peaked.D.Remained.
B [词句猜测题。画线词前的“that relevance”指代第三段尾句的“the cultural relevance t develpment f scieties”，即小说与社会发展的文化相关性。根据第四段的“Tday，the nvel n lnger hlds a central place in the cultural cnversatin”“Televisin series have emerged as the dminant frm f middle-class entertainment in the twenty-first century”可知，如今，小说在文化对话中不再占据中心位置，电视连续剧已成为二十一世纪中产阶级娱乐的主要形式。由此可推知，此处表示小说与社会发展的文化相关性似乎减弱了，故画线词与B项的意思最为接近。C项的peak在此作动词，意为“达到顶峰，达到最高水平”。]
12.What des the example f The Prtrait f a Lady indicate？
A.Nvels lse their artistic appeal.
B.Adaptatins decrease nvels’ status.
C.The media breathe new life int nvels.
D.TV shws change the rle f nvels.
C [推理判断题。最后一段的“Many nineteenth-century nvels gain vitality in the twentieth century thrugh film adaptatins”表明许多十九世纪的小说在二十世纪通过电影改编而焕发活力。接着作者以The Prtrait f a Lady这本小说为例，说明它被改编成多种形式，且每一种形式都比原著更受观众欢迎，借此证明电影、电视等大众传播媒介为小说注入了新的活力，故选C。]
卷别
主题语境
2025年全国一卷阅读C
城市交通与生活
2023年新高考Ⅰ卷阅读C
数字极简主义
核心
单词
A篇
mbility n.流动性 transfrm v.转变 wnership n.所有权 decent adj.体面的 invest v.投资
B篇
cmprehensin n.理解 multitask v.多任务处理 abstractin n.抽象概念 inference n.推论
hypthesis n.假说
熟词
生义
A篇
pack 常用义：v.打包 n.包裹→文章义：v.塞进
B篇
pse 常用义：v.摆姿势→文章义：v.提出
gegraphy 常用义：n.地理学→文章义：n.空间布局
call 常用义：v.打电话 n.呼喊→文章义：v.需要
核心
短语
A篇
make way fr 为……让路 fight back 反抗 call n sb.t d 呼吁某人做 fail t accunt fr 未能考虑到
B篇
pse tasks 布置任务 draw inferences 进行推断 mental effrt 脑力投入 call fr 需要
核心
单词
A篇
Para.1：basics n.基础，基本原则；基本需要 Para.2：unifrm adj.一致的，统一的，一律的 Para.4：activate v.激活，使活动，使活化
B篇
Para.1：revlutin n.巨变，大变革；革命 Para.4：cntradictin n.(事实、看法、行动等的)不一致，矛盾，对立 Para.5：reprduce v.复制；再生产，再制造，使再次发生；繁殖，生育
C篇
Para.2：characteristic n.(物或人的)特征，特性，特色 Para.3：distinguish v.成为……的特征，使具有……的特色，使有别于；区分，辨别，分清 distinct adj.截然不同的，不同种类的；清晰的，清楚的，明白的，明显的；确实的，确切的 relevance n.相关性，相关度，关联性 Para.4：dminant adj.首要的，占支配地位的，占优势的，显著的
核心
短语
A篇
Para.1：by hand 手写的 keep up齐步前进，并驾齐驱，跟上 at a cst 付出代价 Para.2：by cntrast 相比之下 Para.3：wrd fr wrd一字不差地，(翻译时)逐字地 wrk thrugh 解决(难题)，处理(不快的事)
B篇
Para.2：engage in参加，参与 Para.4：hand ver 把……送交，交出；移交(权力、责任) Para.5：reflect n反省，考虑
熟词
生义
A篇
trace(Para.1)常用义：n.痕迹，遗迹，踪迹 v.查出，找到，发现，追踪 文章义：v.描绘(事物的过程或发展)，追述，记述
C篇
(1)layer(Para.1) 常用义：n.表层，层 文章义：v.铺一层……，分层放置
(2)mature(Para.3) 常用义：adj.成熟的 文章义：v.充分发展
词缀
变形
A篇
Para.3：predict v.预言，预告，预报→predictr n.有预测作用的事物，预示物→predictin n.预言，预测→predictive adj.预测的，预言的，前瞻的 attain v.(通常经过努力)获得，得到；达到(某年龄、水平、状况)→attainment n.成就，造诣；达到，获得→attainable adj.可达到的，可获得的→unattainable adj.无法得到的，难以达到的
B篇
Para.2：pursue v.追求，继续进行→pursuit n.事业，消遣，爱好；追求，寻找；追赶，跟踪 depend v.确信，相信，指望→dependence n.依赖，依靠；相关(性)，相依(性)→independence n.独立；自主，自立→dependent adj.依赖的，依靠的→independent adj.独立的；公正的；不相关的，不受影响的；私营的；自主的；自立的
C篇
Para.3：appeal v.呼吁，恳请，恳求；上诉，申诉；有吸引力 n.呼吁，恳求；上诉，申诉；感染力，吸引力→appealing adj.有吸引力的，有趣的 Para.5：adapt v.改编，改写；(使)适应，(使)适合→adaptatin n.改编本，改写本；适应→adaptive adj.适应的，有适应能力的