2026届高三英语二轮高效复习试题随堂演练阅读理解素养培优（二）思辨性语篇题专项突破（Word版附解析）

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(2025·全国一卷阅读C)While safety imprvements might have been made t ur streets in recent years，transprt studies als shw declines in pedestrian (行人) mbility，especially amng yung children.Many parents say there’s t much traffic n the rads fr their children t walk safely t schl，s they pack them int the car instead.
Dutch authrs Thalia Verkade and Marc te Brömmelstret are bthered by facts like these.In their new bk Mvement： Hw t Take Back Our Streets and Transfrm Our Lives，they call fr a rethink f ur streets and the rle they play in ur lives.
Life n city streets started t change decades ag.Whle neighburhds were destryed t make way fr new rad netwrks and kids had t play elsewhere.Sme cmmunities fught back.Mst famusly，a Canadian jurnalist wh had mved her family t Manhattan in the early 1950s led a campaign t stp the destructin f her lcal park.Describing her alarm at its prpsed replacement with an expressway，Jane Jacbs called n her mayr (市长) t champin “New Yrk as a decent place t live，and nt just rush thrugh.” Similar campaigns ccurred in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s as well.
Althugh these campaigns were widespread，the reality is that the majrity f the western cities were cmpletely redesigned arund the needs f the mtr car.The number f cars n rads has been increasing rapidly.In Australia we nw have ver twenty millin cars fr just ver twenty-six millin peple，amng the highest rate f car wnership in the wrld.
We invest a lt in rads that help us rush thrugh，but we fail t accunt fr the true csts.D we really recgnise what it csts us as a sciety when children can’t mve safely arund ur cmmunities？ The authrs f Mvement have it right： it’s time t think differently abut that street utside yur frnt dr.
[语篇解读]本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了西方城市过度围绕汽车设计导致行人流动性下降，尤其是儿童步行减少的现象，并通过历史案例和现状分析呼吁反思街道功能，重视城市宜居性。
1.What phenmenn des the authr pint ut in Paragraph 1？
A.Cars ften get stuck n the rad.
B.Traffic accidents ccur frequently.
C.Peple walk less and drive mre.
D.Pedestrians fail t fllw the rules.
C [细节理解题。根据第一段可知，交通研究也显示行人(尤其是儿童)的活动能力在下降。许多家长表示道路上车流量太大，孩子步行上学不安全，因此他们选择开车送孩子。故选C。]
2.What were the Canadian jurnalist and ther campaigners trying t d？
A.Keep their cities livable.
B.Prmte cultural diversity.
C.Help the needy families.
D.Make expressways accessible.
A [推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Describing her alarm at its prpsed replacement with an expressway，Jane Jacbs called n her mayr (市长) t champin ‘New Yrk as a decent place t live，and nt just rush thrugh.’”可知，Jane Jacbs描述了得知全国计划被高速公路取代时的恐慌，她呼吁市长将纽约建设成一个宜居的好地方，而不仅仅是一个人们匆匆而过的地方。故选A。]
3.What can be inferred abut the campaigns in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s？
A.They bsted the sales f cars.
B.They turned ut largely ineffective.
C.They wn gvernment supprt.
D.They advcated building new parks.
B [推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Althugh these campaigns were widespread，the reality is that the majrity f the western cities were cmpletely redesigned arund the needs f the mtr car.The number f cars n rads has been increasing rapidly.(尽管这些运动很普遍，但现实是大多数西方城市完全围绕机动车的需求进行了重新设计。道路上的汽车数量一直在迅速增加)”可推知，20世纪60年代末和70年代澳大利亚的竞选活动未能阻止汽车发展，基本上没有效果。故选B。]
4.What can be a suitable title fr the text？
A.Why the Rush？ B.What’s Next？
C.Where t Stay？ D.Wh t Blame？
A [主旨大意题。通读全文，并根据文章最后一段“We invest a lt in rads that help us rush thrugh，but we fail t accunt fr the true csts.D we really recgnise what it csts us as a sciety when children can’t mve safely arund ur cmmunities？ (我们在帮助我们快速通过的道路上投入了大量资金，但我们没有考虑到真正的成本。当我们真的认识到孩子们不能在我们的社区安全地移动时，我们作为一个社会将会付出什么代价？)”可推知，本文批判城市过度追求交通效率、忽视行人需求的现象，A项“Why the Rush？ (为何匆匆？)”质问“rush thrugh (匆匆通行)”的规划理念，契合主旨，最适合作为本文标题。故选A。]
B
(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷阅读C)Is cmprehensin the same whether a persn reads a text n screen r n paper？ And are listening t and viewing cntent as effective as reading the written wrd when cvering the same material？The answers t bth questins are ften “n” .The reasns relate t a variety f factrs，including reduced cncentratin，an entertainment mindset (心态) and a tendency t multitask while cnsuming digital cntent.
When reading texts f several hundred wrds r mre，learning is generally mre successful when it’s n paper than n screen.A large amunt f research cnfirms this finding.The benefits f print reading particularly shine thrugh when experimenters mve frm psing simple tasks—like identifying the main idea in a reading passage—t nes that require mental abstractin—such as drawing inferences frm a text.
The differences between print and digital reading results are partly related t paper’s physical prperties.With paper，there is a literal laying n f hands，alng with the visual gegraphy f distinct pages.Peple ften link their memry f what they’ve read t hw far int the bk it was r where it was n the page.
But equally imprtant is the mental aspect.Reading researchers have prpsed a thery called “shallwing hypthesis (假说)”.Accrding t this thery，peple apprach digital texts with a mindset suited t scial media，which are ften nt s serius，and devte less mental effrt than when they are reading print.
Audi (音频) and vide can feel mre engaging than text，and s university teachers increasingly turn t these technlgies—say，assigning an nline talk instead f an article by the same persn.Hwever，psychlgists have demnstrated that when adults read news stries，they remember mre f the cntent than if they listen t r view identical pieces.
Digital texts，audi and vide all have educatinal rles，especially when prviding resurces nt available in print.Hwever，fr maximizing learning where mental fcus and reflectin are called fr，educatrs shuldn’t assume all media are the same，even when they cntain identical wrds.
[语篇解读]本文是一篇议论文。文章探讨了有纸化学习与无纸化学习的区别，并提出用纸质书籍更容易让人投入、专心学习，而电子书籍更容易使人分心，故有纸化学习在教育中是不能完全被取代的。
5.What des the underlined phrase “shine thrugh” in Paragraph 2 mean？
A.Seem unlikely t last.
B.Seem hard t explain.
C.Becme ready t use.
D.Becme easy t ntice.
D [词义猜测题。本段第一句谈到当阅读几百字或更多字的文本时，有纸化学习通常比在屏幕上学习更成功，接着谈到大量的研究证实了这一发现。故画线短语所在部分应该是指从提出简单的任务转向需要抽象思维的任务时，这种有纸化阅读的好处尤其明显，也就是说很容易被注意到，由此可知，画线单词shine thrugh意为“明显的”，与D项意思相近。故选D。]
6.What des the shallwing hypthesis assume？
A.Readers treat digital texts lightly.
B.Digital texts are simpler t understand.
C.Peple select digital texts randmly.
D.Digital texts are suitable fr scial media.
A [细节理解题。根据第四段中的“which are ften nt s serius”以及“devte less mental effrt”可知，在对待电子文本的时候，读者通常不是很严肃，同时比阅读纸质文本时投入的精力要少，即读者对电子文本不是很重视，故选A。]
7.Why are audi and vide increasingly used by university teachers？
A.They can hld students’ attentin.
B.They are mre cnvenient t prepare.
C.They help develp advanced skills.
D.They are mre infrmative than text.
A [细节理解题。根据第五段第一句可知，音频和视频比文字更吸引人，所以大学教师越来越多地改用这些技术，故选A。]
8.What des the authr imply in the last paragraph？
A.Students shuld apply multiple learning techniques.
B.Teachers shuld prduce their wn teaching material.
C.Print texts cannt be entirely replaced in educatin.
D.Educatin utside the classrm cannt be ignred.
C [推理判断题。最后一段首先谈到电子文本、音频和视频都具有教育作用，特别是在提供纸质文本无法提供的资源时。Hwever后提到为了最大限度地进行需要集中注意力和反思的学习，教育者不应该假设所有媒体都是一样的，即使它们包含相同的词汇。这与倒数第二段最后一句中的信息意思一致：当成年人阅读新闻故事时，他们比听或看相同的片段能记住更多内容，也就是说有纸化学习在教育中是不能完全被取代的，故选C。]
核心
单词
A篇
mbility n.流动性 transfrm v.转变 wnership n.所有权 decent adj.体面的 invest v.投资
B篇
cmprehensin n.理解 multitask v.多任务处理 abstractin n.抽象概念 inference n.推论
hypthesis n.假说
熟词
生义
A篇
pack 常用义：v.打包 n.包裹→文章义：v.塞进
B篇
pse 常用义：v.摆姿势→文章义：v.提出
gegraphy 常用义：n.地理学→文章义：n.空间布局
call 常用义：v.打电话 n.呼喊→文章义：v.需要
核心
短语
A篇
make way fr 为……让路 fight back 反抗 call n sb.t d 呼吁某人做 fail t accunt fr 未能考虑到
B篇
pse tasks 布置任务 draw inferences 进行推断 mental effrt 脑力投入 call fr 需要