2027年高考英语人教版一轮复习突破训练课件29-课时作业29 UNIT 3 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

这是一份2027年高考英语人教版一轮复习突破训练课件29-课时作业29 UNIT 3 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION，共5页。
课时作业29 UNIT 3 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
Ⅰ.阅读理解（每小题2.5分，共20分）
A（2026·河南南阳月考） Rftps cvered with grass, vegetable gardens and dense greenery are nw a cmmn sight in many cities arund the wrld. Mre and mre private cmpanies and city authrities are investing in green rfs, drawn t their wide-ranging benefits. Amng the benefits are saving n energy csts,reducing the risk f flds, making habitats fr urban wildlife, tackling air pllutin and even grwing fd. These increasingly radical urban designs can help cities adapt t the
mnumental prblems they face, such as access t resurces and a lack f green space due t develpment. Onging research is shwcasing hw green rfs in cities can integrate with “living walls”: envirnmentally friendly walls which are partially r cmpletely cvered with greenery, including a grwing medium, such as sil r water. Research als indicates that green rfs can be integrated with drainage systems n the grund, such as street trees, s that the water is managed better and the built envirnment is made mre sustainable. There is als evidence t demnstrate the scial value f green rfs. Dctrs are increasingly prescribing
（开处方） time spent gardening utdrs fr patients dealing with anxiety and depressin. In Nrth America, green rfs have becme mainstream, with a wide array f expansive,accessible and fd-prducing rfs installed in buildings. Again, city leaders and authrities have helped push the mvement frward. Only recently, San Francisc, USA, adpted a plicy requiring new buildings t have green rfs. Trnt, Canada, has plicies dating frm the 1990s, encuraging the develpment f urban farms n rftps.
Fr green rfs t becme the nrm（常态） fr new develpments, it needs supprt frm public authrities and private investrs. Thse respnsible fr maintaining buildings may have t acquire new skills, such as landscaping, and in sme cases, vlunteers may be needed t help ut.#1.5
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了城市中的绿色屋顶带来的多方面益处，以及让它成为新建项目的常态所面临的挑战。
1. What des the underlined wrd “mnumental” mst likely mean in paragraph 1?( )
A. Small and insignificant.B. Easy and simple.C. Massive r imprtant.D. Temprary r shrt-lived.
[解析] 词义猜测题。根据第一段画线词后的举例“such as access t resurces and a lack f green space due t develpment”可知，“资源获取”和“绿地缺乏”都是城市发展中面临的重大且关键的问题。故画线词意为“重大的”。故选C。
2. Hw d green rfs cntribute t mental health issues?( )
A. By reducing the risk f flds.B. By ffering gardening fr stress relief.C. By lwering energy csts in hmes.D. By imprving air quality in cities.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“Dctrs are increasingly prescribing time spent gardening utdrs fr patients dealing with anxiety and depressin.”可知，绿色屋顶提供的户外园艺活动可帮助缓解焦虑和抑郁等心理健康问题，也就是说绿色屋顶通过提供园艺活动这一缓解压力的方式帮助改善心理健康状况。故选B。
3. Why des the authr mentin San Francisc and Trnt?( )
A. T illustrate successful plicies prmting green rfs.B. T cmpare their strategies fr urban planning.C. T criticize their high csts f green rf cnstructin.D. T shw the difficulty f upgrading ld buildings.
[解析] 推理判断题。第三段第一、二句提到在北美，绿色屋顶的普及和推动作用，结合下文提到的旧金山和多伦多可推知，列举这两个城市是为了说明政府政策在推广绿色屋顶方面的积极作用，即展示成功的推广政策。故选A。
4. What may be a barrier t green rfs t becme the nrm?( )
A. Lack f skilled wrkers fr maintenance.B. High expense f cnstructing green rfs.C. Resistance frm private investrs and authrities.D. Insufficient public awareness abut green rfs.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Thse respnsible fr maintaining buildings may have t acquire new skills, such as landscaping, and in sme cases, vlunteers may be needed t help ut.”可知，绿色屋顶要成为常态，一个可能的挑战是维护人员需要掌握新技能（如景观美化），所以存在维护方面的技术人才短缺问题。故选A。
1.tackle v.处理 2.sustainable adj.可持续的 3.depressin n.抑郁（症） 4.insignificant adj.微不足道的，无足轻重的5.criticize v.批评，批判 6.insufficient adj.不充分的，不够重要的
B（2026·安徽江淮十校期中） In a new study, led by the University f Oxfrd’s Department f Physics and published in Nature, an internatinal grup f authrs wh develped the science behind net zer demnstrate that relying n natural carbn sinks （自然碳汇） t ffset （抵消） nging CO 2 emissins frm fssil fuel use will nt actually stp glbal warming. Natural carbn sinks play a vital rle in relieving the impact f current emissins and drawing dwn atmspheric CO 2 cncentratins after the date f net zer, stabilizing glbal temperatures.
Yet gvernments and crpratins are increasingly turning t them t ffset emissins, rather than reducing fssil fuel use. Emissins accunting rules encurage this by creating an apparent equality between fssil fuel emissins and drawdwn f CO 2 by sme natural carbn sinks, meaning a cuntry culd appear t have achieved net zer while still cntributing t nging warming. The authrs call n gvernments and crpratins t clarify hw much they are cunting n natural carbn sinks t meet their climate gals, as well as recgnizing the need fr Gelgical Net Zer.
Gelgical Net Zer means balancing flws f carbn int and ut f the slid Earth, with ne tnne f CO 2 cmmitted t gelgical strage fr every tnne still generated by any cntinued fssil fuel use. Given the cst and challenges f permanent gelgical CO 2 strage, achieving Gelgical Net Zer will require a significant reductin in fssil fuel use. Prfessr Myles Allen, wh led the study, summarizes, “We are already cunting n frests and ceans t mp up ur past emissins, mst f which came frm burning stuff we dug ut f the grund. We can’t expect them t make up fr future emissins as well.
By mid-century, any carbn that still cmes ut f the grund will have t g back dwn, t permanent strage. That’s Gelgical Net Zer.” Prfessr Kirsten Zickfeld f Simn Fraser University in British Clumbia, Canada, c-authr and leader f ne f the ther 2009 net zer papers, says, “It is a cmmn assumptin that remving carbn frm the atmsphere t ffset burning f fssil fuels is as effective as nt burning fssil fuels in the first place. It is nt. Offsetting cntinued fssil fuel use with carbn remval will nt be effective if the remval is already being cunted n as part f the natural carbn cycle and if the carbn is nt permanently stred.”#1.7
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了牛津大学物理系研究发现仅靠自然碳汇无法阻止全球变暖，呼吁采用地质净零方案应对气候变化。
5. What is the main finding f the Oxfrd study published in Nature?( )
A. Natural carbn sinks can ffset all fssil fuel emissins.B. The net zer gal is suppsed t include mre carbn surces.C. Fssil fuel use shuld be banned t achieve the net zer gal.D. Natural carbn sinks alne fail t prevent glbal warming.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“relying n natural carbn sinks t ffset nging CO 2 emissins frm fssil fuel use will nt actually stp glbal warming”可知，该研究的主要发现是仅靠自然碳汇无法阻止全球变暖。故选D。
6. What is the cnsequence f current emissin accunting rules?( )
A. They claim net zer status but still cause warming.B. They discurage the investment in renewable energy.C. They ignre the rle f ceans in carbn absrptin.D. They verestimate the strage capacity f natural carbn sinks.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Emissins accunting a cuntry culd appear t have achieved net zer while still cntributing t nging warming.”可知，当前排放核算规则的结果是国家看似实现净零排放，实则仍在导致气候变暖。故选A。
7. What is the cre requirement f Gelgical Net Zer?( )
A. Increasing carbn strage t accelerate cean absrptin.B. Cmplete remval f all fssil fuel use in the near future.C. Undergrund strage matching nging fssil CO 2 emissins.D. Dubling the capacity f natural carbn sinks by refrestatin.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“Gelgical Net Zer means balancing flws f any cntinued fssil fuel use.（地质净零意味着要使进入和离开地球固体层的碳流量达到平衡，即对于任何持续使用化石燃料产生的每一吨二氧化碳，都要有一吨二氧化碳用于地质储存）”可推知，地质净零的核心要求是地下储存量与持续的化石燃料二氧化碳排放量相匹配。故选C。
8. What is Kirsten Zickfeld’s attitude twards the use f carbn remval?( )
A. Supprtive.B. Negative.C. Neutral.D. Indifferent.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据最后一段Kirsten Zickfeld的话“Offsetting cntinued fssil fuel use with carbn remval will nt be effective if the remval is already being cunted n as part f the natural carbn cycle and if the carbn is nt permanently stred.”可知，如果碳去除已经被视为自然碳循环的一部分，并且碳没有被永久储存，那么用碳去除来抵消化石燃料的持续使用将是无效的。故推知，Kirsten Zickfeld认为碳去除的使用效果并不理想，对其持消极态度。故选B。
1.atmspheric adj.大气的；大气层的 2.cncentratin n.浓度，含量；集中 3.stabilize v.（使）稳定；稳固
原句：In a new study, led by the University f Oxfrd’s Department f Physics and published in Nature, an internatinal grup f authrs wh develped the science behind net zer demnstrate that relying n natural carbn sinks t ffset nging CO 2 emissins frm fssil fuel use will nt actually stp glbal warming.
分析：这是一个主从复合句。句子主干是an internatinal grup f authrs demnstrate...；介词短语In a new study作状语，过去分词短语led by...作后置定语，修饰名词study；主语部分中的wh引导一个限制性定语从句，修饰先行词authrs；句中that引导宾语从句，作动词demnstrate的宾语。译文：在一项由牛津大学物理系带领并发表于《自然》杂志的新研究中，一个国际作者团队展示了净零排放背后的科学原理，表明依靠自然碳汇来抵消化石燃料使用产生的持续二氧化碳排放实际上无法阻止全球变暖。
Ⅱ.七选五（每小题2.5分，共12.5分）
Earth Hur is rganized by the Wrld Wide Fund fr Nature. It’s a big event usually n the last Saturday f March every year. On this evening, peple “g dark”. 1.___ It’s true that turning ff lights fr just ne hur saves nly a small amunt f pwer. 2.___ On ne level, jining in Earth Hur makes peple think abut the prblem f climate change and what we can d in everyday life t prtect nature. But n anther level, a large number f peple acting tgether sends a pwerful message t gvernments and cmpanies. 3.___ They begin cnsidering green issues when making big decisins.
The lg（标识） f Earth Hur is “60+”. The number 60 is fr the 60 minutes f Earth Hur. 4.___ In fact, peple wh jin in Earth Hur say that taking part makes them want t d mre fr the envirnment. 5.___ Musicians give cncerts by playing acustic（原声的） instruments instead f electric nes, and using candles instead f electric lights. Celebrity chefs have created special recipes fr families t prepare and eat by candlelight. Tree-planting sessins, grup walks and runs are als amng the ptins.#5
A.But this is nly the Hur represents every hur f every all, everyne has t answer fr what they have turning ff the lights, peple get invlved in ther pushes them t take urgent measures by making changes t is, they switch ff all unnecessary lights at the same time fr ne plus invites peple t cntinue their actin even after Earth Hur is finished.#7
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了由世界自然基金会组织的“地球一小时”活动，督促人们重视环境保护。
[解析] 上文说这一天晚上人们会“熄灯”，选项F是对上文的具体解释，选项中“switch ff all unnecessary lights at the same time”和上文中dark语义相关。故选F。
[解析] 根据上文可知，关灯一个小时看似作用不大，选项A承接上文，转折语义，说明这只是个开始，引出下文关灯一个小时所带来的益处以及更深层的做法和意义。故选A。
[解析] 上文说民众向政府和企业传递了强有力的信息，选项E承接上文，说明民众传递强有力信息的作用是促使政府改变政策。故选E。
[解析] 上文说“地球一小时”的标识是“60+”，同时解释了“60”的含义，可知设空处应解释“+”的含义，而选项G是对“+”的解释。故选G。
[解析] 通过下文可知，本段主要讲述除了关灯以外，人们做的其他节约能源的事情，设空处位于段首，点明本段主题，D项符合语境。故选D。
Ⅲ.完形填空（每小题1分，共15分）
Laura encurages her tw kids t make crafts and drawings frm ld bits f packaging. She began . .1. . her family’s waste when she mved huse and decided that she wuld leave all single-use . .2. . behind. “It’s cheaper and yu knw that the items will . .3. . being used instead f being set aside—s it’s just perfect! Each f us plays a big . .4. . in taking care f the envirnment. It’s . .5. . t try t help rather than just keep cmplaining abut the current situatin.”
Any glass cntainer is . .6. . and repurpsed fr anther use. This means that the family nly send a piece f . .7. . t the landfill every tw weeks n average. She tries nt t buy any plastic at all, but when she des, she will get it . .8. . washed and recycled. The family als grw their wn tmates, lettuce, and sme ther vegetables in the garden, and have range trees utdrs. Laura has als . .9. . herself in a cmmunity f friends wh . .10. . items with each ther that they need, like furniture r plates.
She said, “We tried t use the minimum . .11. . and inherited（接收） sme tys and baby equipment frm friends and relatives. If we really had t . .12. . anything, first we tried at the . .13. . market.” T help educate her kids, Laura takes them ut n nature walks t the frest where they . .14. . rubbish as they g. “They enjy this . .15. ., because they knw it’s better fr the envirnment,” she said.#6
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述劳拉一家通过身体力行、从小事做起，来践行节能环保的理念。
1. ( ) A. cnsideringB. reducingC. analyzingD. dividing
[解析] 通读第一、二段可知，劳拉是一个很注重环保的人，所以这里指她开始减少家庭废弃物。故选B。
2. ( ) A. ptsB. handlesC. itemsD. cllectins
[解析] 根据下文的“items”可知，此处应用items。items为原词复现。故选C。
3. ( ) A. cntinueB. stpC. fancyD. delay
[解析] 根据下文“instead f being set aside”可知，这些东西会被循环利用以避免浪费，即继续使用。故选A。
4. ( ) A. gameB. leadC. matchD. rle
[解析] 根据语境及常识可知，在保护环境方面，我们每个人都能起很大作用。此处是固定搭配play a（n）... rle in... “在……中发挥……作用”。故选D。
5. ( ) A. riginalB. enjyableC. cautiusD. nrmal
[解析] 根据下文可知，在劳拉看来，保护环境是令人感到快乐的事情。故选B。
6. ( ) A. attended tB. left utC. washed upD. taken away
[解析] 根据下文可知，因为还要被再次利用，故应是先被清洗干净。故选C。
7. ( ) A. equipmentB. furnitureC. glassD. rubbish
[解析] 根据下文“t the landfill”可知，他们应是把垃圾送到垃圾填埋场。故选D。
8. ( ) A. thrughlyB. delightedlyC. mdestlyD. accidentally
[解析] 根据上下文可知，因为塑料制品污染严重，所以，当避免不了要买塑料制品时，她会把它彻底地清洗干净并循环利用。故选A。
9. ( ) A. devtedB. fundC. expsedD. buried
[解析] 根据下文可知，劳拉经常参加这样的活动。“find neself...”是一个固定用法，意为“发觉自己处在某种状态”。故选B。
10. ( ) A. buyB. tradeC. discussD. clarify
[解析] 根据下文“items with each ther that they need”可知，这里指互换物品。故选B。
11. ( ) A. necessaryB. valuableC. rdinaryD. pssible
[解析] 根据上文“minimum”可知，劳拉尽可能少用物品。pssible的意思是“可能的”。故选D。
12. ( ) A. purchaseB. discverC. apprachD. preserve
[解析] 根据下文“first we tried at the 13 market”可知，去市场是要购买一些东西。这是与上文一物多次利用和与他人交换物品相对的行为，即不得不购买东西时。故选A。
13. ( ) A. farawayB. duty-freeC. secnd-handD. lifelng
[解析] 根据上文可知，劳拉是很节俭环保的人，所以为了节省和环保，去二手市场更符合常理。故选C。