(新高考)高考英语一轮复习课时作业选择性必修三 Unit 3 Environmental Protection (含解析)

Unit 3 Environmental Protection

A组·基础巩固

Ⅰ. 语法填空

A

Without the Earth we have nowhere to live, along with many other organisms. If we don't save the Earth 1.________ (active) now, our children or grandchildren might not be able to see it for long. Our atmosphere 2. ________ (weaken) and we have to do something about it quickly.

We could plant more 3. ________ (tree) to create more oxygen to keep the bad air away from the atmosphere, 4. ________ we could just stop cutting down the rainforest. We are living and we need the space but we aren't the only species on this earth. 5. ________ (save) the rainforest is not only good for the atmosphere but also good for the many different species that the earth provides for 6. ________ (we)．

We could try to get as many people as possible to switch to other energy using 7. ________ (little) mineral fuels for energy and relying more 8. ________ solar and wind energy because fossil fuels are destroying our earth and we need 9. ________ (limit) the use of it.

Recycling is one of the simplest ways 10. ______ helps our precious planet. Everyone can help. All we have to do is follow three simple rules: Reduce, Reuse, Recycle!

The world is precious and we need to keep it that way.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人类拯救地球的方法。

1. actively　考查副词。分析句子可知，空格处修饰前面的动词save，修饰动词要用副词作状语。故填actively。

2. is weakening　考查时态。此处指地球的大气层正在减弱，强调一个正在进行的动作，要用现在进行时，故填is weakening。

3. trees　考查名词。根据前面的more可知，后面的名词应该使用复数形式。故填trees 。

4. or　考查连词。根据语境可知，前后两句表示选择，故填or。

5. Saving　句子缺少主语，故用动名词作主语，表示一个抽象的动作。不定式也可以作主语，但不定式作主语的时候，表示一个具体的动作。故填Saving。

6. us 　考查代词。介词for后要用代词宾格，故填us。

7. less　考查形容词的比较级。与后面的more进行对比，指我们可以少使用化石燃料。little的比较级是less，故填less。

8. on　考查介词。rely on“依靠”，是固定动词短语，故填on。

9. to limit　考查不定式。“need”作为实义动词，后面要用不定式作宾语。故填to limit。

10. that　考查关系代词。分析句子可知，本句是定语从句，先行词是the simplest ways，在定语从句中作主语，先行词前有最高级修饰，要用that, 故填that。

B

If you come across an 85­year­old woman walking slowly with a walker in the Children's Hospital of Soochow University, don't take her 1. ________ a patient. Instead she is a doctor, 2. ________ still insists on working in the hospital.

Sheng Jinyun, born in 1935, a famous expert in pediatric asthma (儿科哮喘), 3. ________ (treat) about 30,000 patients suffering asthma so far. She is known as “the 4. ________ (much) beautiful grandma doctor” by others. However, she still sees 40 patients every day. Sheng has always stuck to her post though she had two bones 5. ________ (break) in a fall.

So now she can only walk with the help of a walker. Others don't understand her. In their eyes, she 6. ________ (expect) to live a peaceful life in this old age. But she wants to cure more  7. ________ (child)．

One of Sheng's most 8. ________ (impress) experiences happened in her 50s. She saw 146 patients from 7：45 a．m. to 9：45 p．m. that day, eating nothing except some milk. Though 9. ________ (award) the “lifelong achievement physician in pediatrics”， Sheng seems not proud at all. She said it was her goal to be a diligent person 10. ________ good doctor.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了著名儿科专家盛锦云不辞辛劳为人们看病的伟大事迹。

1. as/for　考查固定搭配。take sb. for sb. 意为“把某人误认为某人”，take sb. as ... 意为“将某人当作……”，都符合题意，故填as/for。

2. who　考查定语从句。此处doctor是先行词，指人，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作主语，所以不能填that，故填who。

3. has treated　考查现在完成时态。此处Sheng Jinyun是句子的主语，为第三人称单数形式，且和treat之间是主动关系，再根据so far可知，句子应用现在完成时。故填has treated。

4. most　考查副词的最高级。前文说到了她治好了30 000个哮喘患儿，所以说她是最美医生奶奶，故此处填副词的最高级。故填most。

5. broken　考查过去分词作宾语补足语。本句采用了固定结构“have ＋宾语＋宾语补足语”。此处bones和break之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语，故填broken。

6. is expected　考查一般现在时的被动语态。句子的主语she是第三人称单数形式，和expect之间是被动关系，且这里在讲述一个客观事实，所以句子用一般现在时的被动语态。be expected to do sth. “被期待做某事”。故填is expected。

7. children　考查名词的单复数。根据本空前的“more”可知，这里的孩子应该是复数。故填children。

8. impressive　考查形容词。此处experiences是名词，应用形容词修饰。故填impressive。

9. awarded　考查状语从句的省略。本句中的though引导让步状语从句，盛锦云和授予之间是被动关系。在状语从句中，从句的主语和主句相同，且谓语为be动词时，则可以省略状语从句的主语和be动词，句子就变为“Though awarded the ‘lifelong achievement physician in pediatrics’”。故填awarded。

10. and　考查并列连词。根据本空前的不定冠词a可知，盛锦云的目标是做一个勤奋的人和一名好医生，所以此处是并列结构，故填and。

Ⅱ. 根据提示补全句子

1. 毫无疑问，在中国注意你的餐桌礼仪很重要。(doubt)

There_is_no_doubt_that it is very important to mind your table manners in China.

2. 我曾一度迷恋电脑游戏。(when引导定语从句)

It was a time when_I_was_addicted_to_playing computer games.

3. 人们普遍认为，教学是一种科学，也是一门艺术。(it is believed that)

It's_generally_believed_that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.

4. 我很幸运能代表学校参加全国舞蹈比赛。(on behalf of)

I am lucky to have the opportunity to participate in the national dancing competition on_behalf_of_our_school.

5. 你每天早晨醒来都感到精力充沛并准备好开始新的一天吗？(doing作伴随状语)

Do you wake up every morning feeling_energetic and ready to start a new day?

B组·能力提升

Ⅰ. 阅读理解

A

When she first started learning about the climate change from one of her elders, Fawn Sharp was invited on a helicopter flight over the Olympic Mountains to survey the Mount Anderson glacier. But the glacier was gone, melted by the warming climate. Sharp had a deep sense of loss when she discovered the glacier wasn't there anymore.

Loss is a growing issue for people working and living on the front lines of climate change. And that gave Jennifer Wren Atkinson, a full­time lecturer at the University of Washington Bothell, US, an idea for a class.

This term, she taught students on the Bothell campus about the emotional burdens of environmental studies. She used the experiences of Native American tribes(部落), scientists and activists, and asked her 24 students to face the reality that there is no easy fix — that “this is such an intractable problem that they're going to be dealing with it for the rest of their lives”．

 Student Cody Dillon used to be a climate science skeptic (怀疑论者). Then he did his own reading and research, and changed his mind.

Dillon wasn't going into environmental work — he was a computer­science major. Yet, the potential for a worldwide environmental catastrophe seemed so real to him five years ago that he quit his job and became a full­time volunteer for an environmental group that worked on restoration (恢复) projects.

Six months into the work, he decided that Atkinson's class was just what he was looking for — a place where he could discuss his concerns about a changing climate.

Atkinson said she hopes the class helped her students prepare themselves for the amount of environmental loss that will happen over their lifetimes.

“We are already changing the planet — so many species are going to be lost, displaced or massively impacted，” she said. “The future isn't going to be what they imagined.”

1. Why did the author mention the case of Fawn Sharp?

A. To lay a basis for Fawn Sharp's further research.

B. To prove Fawn Sharp's work is similar to Atkinson's.

C. To lead into the issue of loss caused by climate change.

D. To show scientists' concern about the Mount Anderson glacier.

2. What's the main purpose of Atkinson's class?

A. To explore how different people deal with climate change.

B. To get students more concerned about the environmental issue.

C. To find solutions to the environmental issue of Olympic Mountains.

D. To teach students how to conduct research about the environment.

3. Which of the following best explains “intractable” underlined in Paragraph 3?

A. Simple.　　　 B. Difficult.

C. Common. D. Interesting.

4. How did Atkinson's class influence Dillon?

A. It made him work as a part­time volunteer for restoration projects.

B. It made him realise a planet­wide climate disaster would happen.

C. It encouraged him to be more involved in environmental protection.

D. It discouraged him to work on restoration projects for the environment.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。Fawn Sharp通过一次搭乘直升机飞行的经历认识到了冰川融化和环境污染问题的严重性，同时Jennifer Wren Atkinson决定给学生开设课程，教学生如何面对环境污染，她的课程让很多学生开始关注环境问题。

1. C　推理判断题。通读第一段可知，Fawn Sharp在一次直升机飞行中意识到气候变化导致了冰川融化；由此可推知，作者在第一段中提及Fawn Sharp的例子是为了引出下文气候变化导致环境问题的话题，故选C。

2. B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“and asked her 24 students to face the reality that there is no easy fix — that ‘this is such an intractable problem that they're going to be dealing with it for the rest of their lives’．”可知Atkinson的课的目的是让学生更加关注环境问题，故选B。

3. B　词义猜测题。根据上文可知，Atkinson用美洲土著部落、科学家以及积极分子们的经历让她的24个学生面对这个事实——没有简单的解决方法，并结合该句“this is such an intractable problem that they're going to be dealing with it for the rest of their lives”可知，这是一个如此困难的问题以至于学生们要用他们的余生来解决它，故选B。

4. C　推理判断题。根据倒数第三段可知，Dillon在环保组织做了六个月志愿者之后，他认为在Atkinson的课上可以讨论他对气候变化的担忧；由此可推知，Atkinson的课鼓励Dillon参与环境保护，故选C。

B

Sasha Olsen, a fourth­grader at Pine Crest School in Fort Lauderdale, is working on releasing a book this summer to illustrate how the state of the oceans affects children.

The 10­year­old went on a trip last summer with her family to Vietnam and Japan. She was horrified at the ocean's pollution levels and dying sea animals. Back home she grew even more disturbed learning about the ocean conditions in South Florida. She sought the help of her cousin Narmina Aliyev. Together, they started a nonprofit, Iwantmyoceanback, in October.

Originally, the group started small, with friends coming together on weekends to clean the beaches in Bal Harbour. Recently, however, it has hosted events to raise funds for beach cleanups and donate to conservation groups. The nonprofit is also trying to broaden its base by tapping into YouTube and other social media.

Sasha has started a YouTube channel where she posts videos from events and has begun a web series called Table Talks. In it, she interviews people from different professions about the oceans. After the interview, she and her guest will create a painting, signed by the guest, which will be auctioned (拍卖) off to raise money to donate to conservation­based organisations.

Jencarlos Canela, a popular Cuban American singer and telenovela star, was one of Iwantmyoceanback's first followers and Sasha's first guest. Canela, who has 3.4 million followers on Instagram, posted about the experience. “Sasha, you can count on me from now on for anything and congratulations on the work you're doing to keep our oceans clean. You are so special and very talented！” he wrote.

Sasha and Aliyev hope to extend their work to neighbouring cities such as Hollywood and Miami Beach. “We really want to make ourselves visible and accessible to all，” said Aliyev, the nonprofit's vice president.

5. What do we know about Iwantmyoceanback?

A. It was set up by Sasha's cousin.

B. It aims at ocean protection.

C. It was inspired by Sasha's domestic travel.

D. It organises cleanup activities in the neighbourhood.

6. How does Sasha raise money on social media?

A. By calling on friends and relatives to donate.

B. By starting a YouTube channel and Table Talks.

C. By interviewing people from different professions.

D. By selling paintings created and signed by her guests.

7. What can we infer from Canela's post on Instagram?

A. He is proud of being Sasha's first guest.

B. He is one of Iwantmyoceanback's first followers.

C. He is willing to make contributions to Sasha's project.

D. His followers on Instagram posted about their cleanup experiences.

8. What is the best title of the text?

A. Sasha: a Popular Girl on the Social Media

B. Fourth­graders: Devoted to Beach Cleanups

C. A 10­year­old: Making a Difference to a Better Beach

D. A 10­year­old: Working on Releasing a Book This Summer

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Sasha，一个10岁的小女孩，在旅游中看到海洋被严重污染，回家后和她的表姐成立了一个名为“Iwantmyoceanback”的非营利组织，发动人们一起清理海洋垃圾，为保护海洋做出贡献的故事。

5. B　推理判断题。根据第三段可知，这个组织做的这些事情都是为了保护海洋。故选B。

6. D　细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“After the interview, she and her guest will create a painting, signed by the guest, which will be auctioned (拍卖) off to raise money to donate to conservation­based organisations.”可知，Sasha是通过拍卖嘉宾创作和签名的画作来筹集资金的。故选D。

7. C　推理判断题。根据第五段中Canela所说的话 “‘Sasha, you can count on me from now on for anything and congratulations on the work you're doing to keep our oceans clean. You are so special and very talented！’ he wrote.”可推知这位嘉宾愿意为Sasha的组织做贡献。故选C。

8. C　标题归纳题。文章主要讲述Sasha，一个10岁的小女孩，旅游途中看到海洋被严重污染，回家后和她的表姐成立了非营利组织Iwantmyoceanback，发动人们一起清理海洋垃圾，为保护海洋做出贡献的故事。C选项最适合作标题。故选C。

Ⅱ. 读后续写

(2021·全国重点中学模拟)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Winter and spring are always rainy in northwest Washington State. But this time the clouds outdid themselves, dipping the town of Oso in twice the usual rainfall.

When the sun at last shone on Saturday, Anna's three older kids ran outside to play with friends. Inside, Anna nursed their youngest, four­month­old Kristian. Suddenly Anna heard a sound — like the roar of a jet. The lights began to shine in an unsteady way. She rushed outside in time to see a half­mile­wide tsunami (海啸) of mud and sand thundering down the hill toward them. Scared, Anna gathered everyone into the bedroom farthest from the falling hillside.

Kris, Anna's husband, a 31­year­old carpenter, was pulling woods with great effort when he got a hysterical (歇斯底里的) call from Anna. “The mountain had fallen，” she cried. Houses had been swept away. He knew it was the landslide. The man sped back toward State Route 530 and home. But traffic on SR 530 had come to a stop. The highway and everything on both sides of it were covered with sand, fallen trees, and chunks of what used to be home. A roof sat in the middle of what had been the road. Kris jumped out of the truck and ran along the highway. Almost immediately, the mud came up to his knees.

After stepping across fallen trees and pieces of walls, he heard a woman scream for help. As he followed the sound through mud that was now waist­high, he found the river was rising. Soon he had to climb over the house to reach the source of the cries, about 100 yards from the road. He finally reached a dark­haired young woman buried under pieces of walls, furniture, and trees. Her head was bloody and she was holding a baby boy. The baby wasn't looking good, and the mother said she couldn't feel her own legs. Kris kept her talking while he pulled away the wood, metal, and furniture springs trapping the mother and child. At last, he was able to free them.

注意：续写词数应为150左右。

Meanwhile, Kris heard a man letting out a cry of pain from the ruins. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

With the rescue team now taking the lead in freeing the man, Kris moved on to rushing home._________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

【参考范文】

Meanwhile, Kris heard a man letting out a cry of pain from the ruins. Stepping toward the house, Kris sank into mud up to his shoulders. His arms and legs were immobilised, but finally he managed to slowly twist his way out of the mud and continued toward the destroyed house. He spotted a man buried in the remnants of the house, whose face was covered with blood. He was buried too deeply for Kris to free him. So Kris climbed up on the roof, found the search and rescue team, and led them to the buried man.

With the rescue team now taking the lead in freeing the man, Kris moved on to rushing home. Hours later, Kris finally reached home and the mud had stopped. He looked around the destroyed house, failing to spot Anna and the kids. Desperate to find them, he checked all cars and houses nearby and then ran back toward the rescue centre along State Route 530. Not long after he arrived, the carpenter saw Anna's car coming down the road. Anna pulled over, leaped out, and ran to him. He folded her in his arms close. Softly, he spoke, “Let's go home, Anna.”