2026年高考英语题型专练(全国通用)题型35阅读理解必刷：练解题速度，提答题准确率(原卷版+解析)

这是一份2026年高考英语题型专练(全国通用)题型35阅读理解必刷：练解题速度，提答题准确率(原卷版+解析)，共12页。
(2026届江西省高三上学期高考仿真模拟考试三)
It’s nice t have yur research cvered by the natinal media, but recent bilgy graduate Jewel Garcia at Seattle Pacific University (SPU) adds it’s better t cnduct the research with “an awesme team f prfessrs and peers (同辈).”
Garcia’s yearlng research study, “Dishnest salmn (三文鱼) business in Seattle’s sushi restaurants and grcery stres”, was led by SPU Bilgy Prfessr Tracie Delgad and cnducted with three fellw students. The grup acquired salmn samples frm 67 grcery stres and 52 sushi restaurants. DNA frm each sample was tested in the lab t identify the fish. The study revealed that 11% grcery stres and 33% Seattle-area sushi restaurants with wild salmn n the menu were actually farmed salmn.
Cnducting this type f student research is usually dne in graduate schl, but prfessr Delgad says undergraduate research is a unique feature f the SPU Bilgy Department. “By prviding students with research pprtunities in the classrm, they nt nly grw as a scientist, but they als develp the self-cnfidence t becme leaders in their future careers,” says Delgad.
Garcia, wh did a similar study f salmn in her genetics class, was grateful t get this pprtunity. “Yu can get awesme supprt at SPU because the prcess was cllabrative. Every aspect had s many hands n it and yu were in clse cntact with s many prfessrs,” says Garcia.
SPU’s lcatin als prved imprtance fr the study. Washingtn state is a glbal supplier f several Pacific Ocean salmn species, and a 2013 law requires salmn t be identified as wild-caught Pacific r farm-raised Atlantic. “Failure t prperly label wild salmn is a serius prblem because it prevents accurate tracking f supply chains and makes it mre difficult t sustain wild salmn,” says Delgad. “It’s imprtant t cntinue t develp and enfrce law that requires accurate seafd labeling, frm fisher t plate, and educate the public n hw cmmercial salmn cheating impacts wild salmn cnservatin. This is the realistic meaning f the research.”
1．What did the study reveal abut the salmn business in Seattle?
A．One-third f wild salmn in Seattle were nt fresh.
B．Sme wild salmn were replaced with farmed nes.
C．Salmn in the restaurants actually was anther species.
D．Bth wild and farmed salmn were available in the market.
2．What des the underlined wrd “cllabrative” mean in paragraph 4?
A．Cperative.B．Independent.C．Cmplicated.D．Flexible.
3．What is the significance f accurately labeling wild salmn accrding t the text?
A．It makes salmn easier t identify.
B．It limits the supply f farmed salmn.
C．It facilitates salmn cnservatin effrts.
D．It reduces the impact f cmmercial cheating.
4．Which can be a suitable title fr the text?
A．Are yu really eating wild salmn?
B．SPU research n fishing industry
C．Hw can seafd business restre credit?
D．A nvel way f labeling wild salmn
【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了SPU一项研究揭示西雅图三文鱼市场存在冒充现象。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“The study revealed that 11% grcery stres and 33% Seattle-area sushi restaurants with wild salmn n the menu were actually farmed salmn.(该研究显示，11%的杂货店以及33%在菜单上提供野生三文鱼的西雅图地区寿司店所售的三文鱼实际上是养殖的三文鱼)”可知，这项研究揭示了西雅图三文鱼生意中存在一些野生三文鱼被养殖三文鱼替代的情况。故选B。
2．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Yu can get awesme supprt at SPU(在西雅图太平洋大学，你可以获得极好的支持)”以及后文“Every aspect had s many hands n it and yu were in clse cntact with s many prfessrs(每一个环节都有众多人员参与其中，而且你还能与众多教授保持密切联系)”可知，可以在SPU得到很棒的支持，每个方面都有很多人参与，你和很多教授都有密切的联系，说明这个过程应该是“合作的”。故划线词意思是“合作的”。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Failure t prperly label wild salmn is a serius prblem because it prevents accurate tracking f supply chains and makes it mre difficult t sustain wild salmn(未能对野生三文鱼进行正确标注是一个严重的问题，因为这会妨碍对供应链的准确追踪，并使保护野生三文鱼变得更加困难)”可知，准确标注野生三文鱼的种类有助于三文鱼保护工作。故选C。
4．主旨大意题。根据第二段“The study revealed that 11% grcery stres and 33% Seattle-area sushi restaurants with wild salmn n the menu were actually farmed salmn.(该研究显示，11%的杂货店以及33%在菜单上提供野生三文鱼的西雅图地区寿司店所售的三文鱼实际上是养殖的三文鱼)”以及全文围绕一项研究展开，西雅图大学生物学教授特蕾西·德尔加多带领学生团队对西雅图地区寿司店和杂货店的三文鱼进行样本测试，发现其菜单上的野生三文鱼有相当一部分实际上是养殖三文鱼。文章最后也对该研究的现实意义做了阐释，强调正确标记野生三文鱼有利于该物种的保护。因此C项“你真的在吃野生三文鱼吗？”既贴合研究核心发现，又能引发读者对主题的关注，符合主旨，为最佳标题。故选A。
Passage B
(25-26高三上·湖南长沙岳麓区湖南师范大学附属中学·月考)
Mst air cnditiners use refrigerant gases called HFCs (氢氟碳化合物)，which are hundreds f times mre effective at trapping heat in the atmsphere than CO₂. Researchers have lng sught ways t prduce cling systems that d withut these trublesme gases. Nw Exergyn, a Dublin-based cmpany, claims t have develped a new type f air cnditining which avids using HFCs.
Exergyn’s system uses nitinl, a shape-memry ally (合金) f nickel and titanium. All shape-memry allys release heat when cmpressed (压缩), and then absrb it when the pressure is released and they return t their riginal shape. But Exergyn’s versin f nitinl displays this quality t a remarkable degree. Fr its experimental mdel, the cmpany prduced 4 cm² plates f the ally, each with hles t permit the passage f a heat-carrying liquid r gas. A range f ec-friendly substances such as water, salty water and air can-be emplyed in that rle, thus aviding the use f HFCs.
Kevin O’ Tle, Exergyn’s managing directr, explains, “T build a refrigeratr invlves fitting these plates tgether int stacks f 50 r mre. Fur stacks make a unit. The stacks are cmpressed in turn. At any given mment, ne stack is being cmpressed, ne released, ne pre-heated and ne pre- cled. T cl a rm invlves passing ne ht circuit and ne cld circuit f the heat-carrying fluid r gas thrugh this fur-stack unit.”
This methd f cling is nt nly mre envirnmentally friendly than an HFC set-up, but will als be less expensive t buy and 30%–40% cheaper t run. It will be lighter and smaller, t. As fr reliability, the prttype’s perfrmance suggests the unit culd perate fr mre than 40 years withut a prblem.
Develpment is still cntinuing, but prducts may be nly a few years away. Exergyn has als begun talks with carmakers and aerspace cmpanies abut setting up jint-develpment prjects. With cars and sme small aircraft ging electric, it is nt just cling the cabin that manufacturers have t think abut, but als cling the batteries.
1． What are the hles in the plates f ally intended fr?
A．Aviding the use f thse trublesme gases such as HFCs.
B．Testing a range f substances such as water, salty water and air.
C．Passing the heat-carrying fluid r gas thrugh the fur-stack unit.
D．Helping cmpress, release, pre-heat and pre-cl the fur stacks.
2． What des the furth paragraph mainly talk abut cncerning the new type f cling?
A．Its ptential.B．Its strengths.
C．Its functins.D．Its affrdability.
3． What can we infer abut Exergyn frm the last paragraph?
A．It is likely t expand its business.
B．It will set up an aerspace cmpany.
C．It has brught the technlgy t market.
D．It will lead the market f air cnditining.
4． Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A．Mdel: a fur-stack unitB．HFCs: a ptential crisis
C．Exergyn: a future winnerD．Nitinl: a cler alternative
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一款不含氢氟碳化合物的新型环保空调及其工作原理与优势。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Fr its experimental mdel, the cmpany prduced 4 cm² plates f the ally, each with hles t permit the passage f a heat-carrying liquid r gas. (在实验模型中，该公司制造了4平方厘米的合金板，每块板上都有孔洞，以便载热液体或气体通过)”可知，合金板上的孔洞用途是让载热流体或气体通过。故选C项。
2．主旨大意题。根据第四段中的“This methd f cling is nt nly mre envirnmentally friendly than an HFC set-up, but will als be less expensive t buy and 30%–40% cheaper t run. It will be lighter and smaller, t. As fr reliability, the prttype’s perfrmance suggests the unit culd perate fr mre than 40 years withut a prblem. (这种制冷方式不仅比氢氟碳化合物制冷系统更环保，而且购买成本更低，运行成本也低30%至40%。它还会更轻、更小。在可靠性方面，原型机的表现表明该设备可以无故障运行40年以上)”可知，该段主要介绍了这种新型制冷方式的各项优势。故选B项。
3．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Exergyn has als begun talks with carmakers and aerspace cmpanies abut setting up jint-develpment prjects. (埃克瑟金公司也已开始与汽车制造商和航空航天公司洽谈建立联合开发项目)”可知，该公司正计划拓展业务领域，很可能会扩大自身的业务规模。故选A项。
4．主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段中“Nw Exergyn, a Dublin-based cmpany, claims t have develped a new type f air cnditining which avids using HFCs.(现在，总部位于都柏林的埃克瑟金公司声称已经开发出一种新型空调，可以避免使用氢氟碳化物)”和第二段中“Exergyn’s system uses nitinl, a shape-memry ally (合金) f nickel and titanium. All shape-memry allys release heat when cmpressed (压缩), and then absrb it when the pressure is released and they return t their riginal shape.(埃克瑟金的系统使用镍钛诺，一种由镍和钛组成的形状记忆合金。所有的形状记忆合金在被压缩时都会释放热量，然后在压力释放时吸收热量，然后恢复到原来的形状)”可知，文章围绕一款以镍钛诺形状记忆合金为核心的新型制冷设备展开，介绍了其工作原理、优势以及未来的发展方向，这种合金是替代氢氟碳化合物制冷的新选择。D选项 “Nitinl: a cler alternative(镍钛诺：一种制冷新选择)”最能概括全文主旨，适合用作标题。故选D项。
Passage C
(25-26高三上·湖南衡阳第八中学·适应性考试)
This might sund impssibly ld-fashined, but I still like the idea that educatin is abut learning: facts, skills, culture, analysis, inspiratin. It’s suppsed t make us better citizens. But ver the last decade, the gal f learning has given way t grades and degrees. The unfrtunate result has been inflatin (膨胀) f bth. They rise ever higher; learning desn’t.
T avid discuraging students, sme schl districts did away with D and F grades.
Grade-pint averages have cnsistently risen even thugh scres n natinwide standardized exams such as the SAT have nt. It’s nt that I think standardized tests are the final wrd in measuring excellence. But when the gaps between grades and test scres are this wide and cnsistent, parents and the public shuld nt be fled.
That’s true nt just f lw-achieving students. In a 2023 survey, educatrs said that clse t half f students argue fr higher grades than they earn, and 8 ut f 10 teachers give in. It’s hard t blame them: A third r mre f students and parents disturb them when they dn’t.
Unearned grades are damaging in many ways. Sme students, armed with gd grades, march ff t cllege t find themselves in remedial (补习的) classes because they haven’t learned enugh t take cllege-level curses. Emplyers cmplain that high schl and even cllege graduates lack basic skills needed in the wrkfrce. There are als cmplaints frm cllege prfessrs that the students aren’t even gd at reading bks.
Grade inflatin has fllwed students int cllege. Sme prfessrs hesitate t grade accurately because f student evaluatins, which are ften mre negative fr tugh graders. Remember that abut 70% f cllege instructrs are adjunct (兼职) prfessrs wh have few jb prtectins. Many Ivy League students have learned t cherry-pick easy-grading prfessrs. Yet a Brwn University study fund that students taking curses frm prfessrs with stricter grading standards learned mre. We have t ask urselves as a sciety: D we want cllege t be a place f intellectual grwth — r a perfrmative exercise in grade fishing?
1． What are parents fled int thinking?
A．SAT is the best measure f their children's abilities.
B．The purpse f educatin is t make better citizens.
C．Grade-pint averages are vital fr cllege applicatin.
D．Children’s high grades reflect their exceptinal abilities.
2． What is a cnsequence f grade inflatin?
A．Emplyers favr students with higher degrees.
B．Graduates fall shrt f emplyers’ expectatins.
C．Remedial classes becme required curses in cllege.
D．Lw-achieving students find it harder t enter cllege.
3． What can be inferred frm the last paragraph?
A．Tugh graders desire jb security.
B．Strict grading prmtes real learning.
C．Student evaluatins fuel intellectual grwth.
D．Easy-grading prfessrs start grade inflatin.
4． What is the best title f the text?
A．The game f scresB．Tday, Grade A is fr average
C．The frce behind grade inflatinD．Nw, learning takes the frnt seat
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．B 4．B
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了成绩膨胀的现象，指出现在教育中成绩和学位的目标取代了学习本身，成绩膨胀导致学生实际学习不足，不能满足雇主的需求，作者认为应该重视真正的学习，而不是单纯追求高分。
1．细节理解题。根据第三段“Grade-pint averages have cnsistently risen even thugh scres n natinwide standardized exams such as the SAT have nt. It’s nt that I think standardized tests are the final wrd in measuring excellence. But when the gaps between grades and test scres are this wide and cnsistent, parents and the public shuld nt be fled.(平均绩点一直在上升，尽管像学术能力评估测试（SAT）这样的全国标准化考试成绩并没有提高。并不是说我认为标准化考试是衡量优秀的最终标准。但是当成绩和考试分数之间的差距如此之大且持续存在时，家长和公众不应该被愚弄)”可知，学生的平均绩点持续上升，但全国标准化考试成绩却没有相应提高，当成绩和考试分数差距很大且持续存在时，父母和公众不应该被愚弄，即父母被误导认为孩子的高分反映了他们卓越的能力。故选D项。
2．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Emplyers cmplain that high schl and even cllege graduates lack basic skills needed in the wrkfrce.(雇主抱怨高中生甚至大学毕业生缺乏劳动力所需的基本技能)”可知，雇主抱怨高中甚至大学毕业生缺乏劳动力所需的基本技能，即成绩膨胀的后果是毕业生达不到雇主的期望。故选B项。
3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Yet a Brwn University study fund that students taking curses frm prfessrs with stricter grading standards learned mre.(然而，布朗大学的一项研究发现，接受评分标准更严格的教授课程的学生学到的东西更多)”可知，布朗大学的一项研究发现，接受评分标准更严格的教授课程的学生学到的东西更多。由此推知，严格的评分能促进真正的学习。故选B项。
4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“This might sund impssibly ld-fashined, but I still like the idea that educatin is abut learning: facts, skills, culture, analysis, inspiratin. It’s suppsed t make us better citizens. But ver the last decade, the gal f learning has given way t grades and degrees. The unfrtunate result has been inflatin (膨胀) f bth. They rise ever higher; learning desn’t.(这听起来可能有些不切实际地守旧，但我仍然喜欢教育是关于学习的理念：学习事实、技能、文化、分析以及获取灵感。教育本应让我们成为更优秀的公民。但在过去的十年里，学习的目标逐渐让位于分数和学位。其不幸的结果是两者都出现了膨胀。它们不断攀升；而学习却并未跟上)”及下文内容可知，文章主要讨论了成绩膨胀的现象，指出现在学生的成绩虚高，实际能力不足，很多学生和家长被高成绩所误导，给分宽松的现象普遍存在，而严格的评分能促进真正的学习。由此可知，文章最好的标题是B项“Tday, Grade A is fr average(如今，A 等级只是平均分)”。故选B项。
Passage D
(25-26高三上·江苏南通区、通州区、启东如东县·期中)
The age f pre-srting mixed plastic waste may sn be ver. The secret weapn is a cheap catalyst (催化剂) targeting the mst prblematic plastic. The findings are detailed in a study published in the jurnal Nature Chemistry.
Even after decades f wrldwide effrts, recycling plastic remains much easier said than dne. The frustrating reality is largely thanks t plylefins (聚烯烃). Humans make abut 220 millin tns f plylefin-based prducts every year, mst f which are single-use items like milk bttles, trash bags, and juice bxes.
Hwever, less than 10 percent f plylefin prducts are recycled annually, resulting in muntains f waste destined fr landfills r being burnt. That’s because while ther plastics are typically brken dwn with catalysts, breaking dwn plylefin is difficult due t its tugh carbn-carbn mlecular bnds (分子键). “Plylefins dn’t have any weak links. Every bnd is incredibly strng and chemically unreactive,” said Ysi Kratish, a chemist at Nrthwestern University.
Meanwhile, burning plylefins requires temperatures as high as 700℃. “Everything can be burned, f curse,” said Kratish. “But we wanted t find an elegant way t add the minimum amunt f energy t btain the maximum value prduct.” A ptential slutin cmbining hydrgen gas and a catalyst can decnstruct plylefin plastic int useful hydrcarbns, but the prcess als invlves high temperatures and expensive catalysts. But Kratish’s team fund a wrkarund.
Unlike rare metals, engineers discvered that an alternative called catinic nickel (阳离子镍) is cheap and easy t cllect. Other nickel-based catalysts include multiple reactin sites. Catinic nickel’s single-site variant allws it t functin mre like a precise sharp knife. Instead f breaking dwn all f a plastic’s structure, this ptin specifically targets thse carbn-carbn bnds at a much lwer temperature and with half the hydrgen gas pressure.
“That is amazing. It’s definitely nt smething anybdy expected” Kratish said. If prven t be scalable (可规模化) and efficient, the new catalyst culd largely cut dwn the need fr plastic pre-srting while als reducing the amunt f micrplastics released int the envirnment every day.
1． Recycling plylefin remains difficult due t its ________.
A．industrial valueB．practical applicatin
C．chemical structureD．envirnmental impact
2． What des “an elegant way” in paragraph 4 refer t?
A．Cmbining hydrgen gas with catinic nickel.
B．Decnstructing plylefins int hydrcarbns.
C．Burning plylefins at a high temperature.
D．Breaking dwn all f a plastic’s structure.
3． What is the advantage f catinic nickel ver ther catalysts?
A．It avids many steps f prcessing.B．It perates effectively at a lwer cst.
C．It breaks dwn all types f plastic.D．It prduces higher quality end prducts.
4． What is the passage mainly abut?
A．The challenge f recycling plylefins.
B．The prcess f breaking carbn bnds.
C．A basic thery f applying catalysts.
D．A new methd f recycling plylefins.
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了聚烯烃塑料因化学结构坚固难以回收，多被填埋或焚烧。美国团队研发出廉价的阳离子镍催化剂，可低温高效分解其碳-碳键，有望终结塑料预分类，减少微塑料污染。
1．细节理解题。根据第三段“That’s because while ther plastics are typically brken dwn with catalysts, breaking dwn plylefin is difficult due t its tugh carbn-carbn mlecular bnds (分子键).(这是因为，其他塑料通常可以通过催化剂分解，而聚烯烃的分解却很困难，因为其碳-碳分子键非常坚固)”可知，由于聚烯烃的化学结构原因，对其进行回收处理仍然存在困难。故选C。
2．词句猜测题。根据第四段提到“ptential slutin cmbining hydrgen gas and a catalyst”（氢气+催化剂的潜在解决方案），但传统方案需高温和昂贵催化剂；第五段紧接着介绍Kratish团队的突破——使用廉价的阳离子镍作为催化剂。“an elegant way”指“以最低能量获得最大价值产品的方法”，即“氢气+阳离子镍”的组合，既解决传统方案的弊端，又实现高效分解。故划线词指的是“将氢气与阳离子态的镍相结合”故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Unlike rare metals, engineers discvered that an alternative called catinic nickel (阳离子镍) is cheap and easy t cllect. Other nickel-based catalysts include multiple reactin sites. Catinic nickel’s single-site variant allws it t functin mre like a precise sharp knife. Instead f breaking dwn all f a plastic’s structure, this ptin specifically targets thse carbn-carbn bnds at a much lwer temperature and with half the hydrgen gas pressure.(与稀有金属不同，工程师们发现一种名为“阳离子镍”的替代品价格低廉且易于获取。其他基于镍的催化剂具有多个反应位点。阳离子镍的单位型变体使其更像是一把精准锋利的刀。它不会破坏塑料的整个结构，而是专门针对那些碳-碳键，且在更低的温度下操作，氢气压力也仅为常规方法的一半)”可知，与其他催化剂相比，阳离子镍成本更低，运行效果却更佳。故选B。
4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“The age f pre-srting mixed plastic waste may sn be ver. The secret weapn is a cheap catalyst (催化剂) targeting the mst prblematic plastic. The findings are detailed in a study published in the jurnal Nature Chemistry.(对混合塑料废弃物进行预先分类的时代或许即将结束。其关键在于一种廉价的催化剂，它专门针对那些最难处理的塑料。相关研究结果发表在《自然化学》杂志上)”结合文章开篇点明“混合塑料预分类时代或终结，核心是针对难回收塑料的廉价催化剂”，随后围绕聚烯烃回收难题展开，重点介绍 Kratish 团队研发的“阳离子镍催化剂”这一新方法，包括其优势和应用前景。可知，这篇文章主要讲的是一种回收聚烯烃的新方法。故选D。
Passage E
(25-26高三上·江苏南京外国语学校·月考)
The educatin technlgy (edtech) industry has grwn rapidly in recent years, with investment (投资) in this field increasing mre than frty times ver the last decade. As a result, the market is being flded with new tls and new edtech cmpanies, making it hard fr schl leaders and teachers t figure ut which tls will actually wrk best in the classrm.
“Only 11% f educatin decisin makers were lking at any type f evidence t make a purchasing decisin n an edtech tl,” said Isabelle Hau, executive directr f the Stanfrd Acceleratr fr Learning, an rganizatin that helps imprve hw well children and adults learn. “And nly 7% f edtech tls arund the wrld have any kind f strict, dependable evidence that they wrk.”
Besides the lack f research n which tls help students get better grades in this fast-grwing edtech field, making sure everyne can get these tls fairly is als challenging. “Many f these tls aren’t shared fairly. This has t d with wh pays the mney fr them and hw the mney is prvided,” Ms. Hau explained. “Arund the wrld, there’s still a huge divide in hw easy it is fr peple in different places t use digital tls (like cmputers and tablets).”
Hau jins GSE Dean Dan Schwartz and Senir Lecturer Denise Ppe as they discuss edtech’s rcketing grwth, what’s driving that grwth, and hw schl leaders, the gvernment, and ther rganizatins can help teachers get the tls that will best serve their students.
“A lt f peple are wrking n it, including us, f curse, because we have a big rle t play in imprving learning utcmes fr children and educatrs,” Hau said. She als shared tips and resurces fr businessmen lking t get int the edtech space. “Yu need t start small, and yu need t start with a handful f partners that lve yur slutin. And then frm there yu can expect t grw in size.”
1． What might be the schl leaders’ cncern abut edtech tls?
A．Originality.B．Effectiveness.C．Safety.D．Cnvenience.
2． What des the underlined part “a huge divide” in paragraph 3 prbably refer t?
A．The inequality in access t digital tls.
B．The difference in the quality f edtech prducts.
C．The gap in digital skills between teachers and students.
D．The imbalance in educatinal develpment acrss regins.
3． What is Hau’s suggestin fr businessmen interested in edtech?
A．Dream big.B．Seek investment.
C．Be practical.D．Be independent.
4． What’s the authr’s purpse in writing the text?
A．T recmmend edtech prducts and services.
B．T cmplain abut the pr quality f edtech tls.
C．T prvide detailed guidance n chsing edtech tls.
D．T expse the challenges in the fast-grwing edtech field.
【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了教育科技行业发展迅速，但学校领导面临工具选择难题，且公平获取工具也具有挑战性。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“The educatin technlgy (edtech) industry has grwn rapidly in recent years, with investment (投资) in this field increasing mre than frty times ver the last decade. As a result, the market is being flded with new tls and new edtech cmpanies, making it hard fr schl leaders and teachers t figure ut which tls will actually wrk best in the classrm.(近年来，教育科技行业发展迅猛，过去十年间，该领域的投资增长了四十多倍。因此，市场上充斥着各种新工具和新成立的教育科技公司，这使得学校领导者和教师难以判断哪些工具在课堂上能真正发挥最佳效果。)”可知，学校领导和教师很难弄清楚哪些工具在课堂上最有效，即他们担心教育科技工具的有效性。故选B。
2．词句猜测题。根据第三段中““Many f these tls aren’t shared fairly. This has t d with wh pays the mney fr them and hw the mney is prvided,” Ms. Hau explained. “Arund the wrld, there’s still a huge divide in hw easy it is fr peple in different places t use digital tls (like cmputers and tablets).”(Hau女士解释道：“许多工具并没有得到公平共享。这关系到谁来为这些工具买单，以及资金是如何提供的。”“在全球范围内，不同地区的人们使用数字工具（如电脑和平板电脑）的便利程度仍存在a huge divide。”)”可知，此处指世界各地的人们使用数字工具的难易程度存在巨大差距，即数字工具获取的不平等性，a huge divide的意思是“数字工具获取的不平等性”。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“She als shared tips and resurces fr businessmen lking t get int the edtech space. “Yu need t start small, and yu need t start with a handful f partners that lve yur slutin. And then frm there yu can expect t grw in size.”(她还为有意进入教育科技领域的商人分享了建议和资源。“你需要从小处着手，你需要从一些喜欢你的解决方案的合作伙伴开始。然后从那里你可以期待规模的增长。”)”可知，Hau建议有意进入教育科技领域的商人要从小处着手，务实一些。故选C。
4．推理判断题。根据第一段中“As a result, the market is being flded with new tls and new edtech cmpanies, making it hard fr schl leaders and teachers t figure ut which tls will actually wrk best in the classrm.(因此，市场上充斥着各种新工具和新成立的教育科技公司，这使得学校领导者和教师难以判断哪些工具在课堂上能真正发挥最佳效果。)”以及第三段中“Besides the lack f research n which tls help students get better grades in this fast-grwing edtech field, making sure everyne can get these tls fairly is als challenging.(除了在这个快速增长的教育科技领域缺乏关于哪些工具能帮助学生取得更好成绩的研究之外，确保每个人都能公平地获得这些工具也是一个挑战。)”可知，文章主要介绍了教育科技行业快速发展带来的挑战，包括学校领导和教师难以选择有效的工具，以及确保公平获取这些工具的挑战。作者的目的是揭示快速增长的教育技术领域的挑战。故选D。
Passage F
Fled by Randmness is a famus bk in Nassim Nichlas Taleb’s landmark Incert series, an investigatin f luck, uncertainty, prbability, human errr, risk, and decisin-making in a wrld we dn’t understand.
Nw in a striking new hardcver editin, Fled by Randmness is the wrd-f-muth sensatin that will change the way yu think abut business and the wrld. Nassim Nichlas Taleb — seasned trader, renwned risk expert, knwledgeable schlar, and New Yrk Times bestselling authr f The Black Swan — has written a mdern classic that turns n its head what we believe abut luck and skill.
This bk is abut luck — r mre precisely, abut hw we perceive and deal with luck in life and business. Set against the backdrp f the mst ntable frum in which luck is mistaken fr skill — the wrld f trading — Fled by Randmness prvides captivating insight int ne f the least understd factrs in all ur lives. Writing in an entertaining narrative style, the authr tackles majr intellectual issues related t the underestimatin f the influence f happenstance n ur lives.
The bk is ppulated with a number f characters, sme f whm have grasped, in their wn way, the significance f chance: the baseball legend Ygi Berra; the philspher f knwledge Karl Ppper; the mdern financier Gerge Srs; and the Greek vyager Odysseus. We als meet the fictinal Ner, wh seems t understand the rle f randmness in his prfessinal life but falls victim t his wn irratinal flishness.
Hwever, the mst recgnizable character f all remains unnamed — the lucky fl wh happens t be in the right place at the right time — he embdies the “survival f the least fit.” Such individuals attract devted fllwers wh believe in their mentr’s (导师) insights and methds. But n ne can cpy what is btained by chance.
Are we capable f distinguishing the frtunate charlatan (冒充内行的人) frm the genuine innvatr? Must we always try t uncver nnexistent messages in randm events? It may be impssible t guard urselves against the unpredictability f the gddess Frtuna, but after reading Fled by Randmness we can be a little better prepared.
1． What is Fled by Randmness mainly abut?
A．The success f mdern traders.
B．The imprtance f skill in trading.
C．The rle f luck in life and business.
D．The impact f human errrs n decisin-making.
2． What’s the purpse f mentining the characters in paragraph 4?
A．T highlight the significance f their achievements.
B．T emphasize their success in the trading wrld.
C．T illustrate hw flishness always leads t failure.
D．T shw examples f thse wh understd randmness.
3． What des “lucky fl” in paragraph 5 really refer t?
A．A trader knwn fr their skill and achievements.
B．A schlar famus fr their insights and methds.
C．Smene wh wes their success t skill, ignring luck.
D．A persn wh flishly undervalues hard wrk and devtin.
4． Accrding t the passage, what mistake d peple ften make?
A．They verestimate their persnal abilities.
B．They fail t see hw chance affects their success.
C．They depend heavily n guidance frm mentrs.
D．They verlk significant events in daily life.
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了纳西姆·尼古拉斯·塔勒布的著作《随机漫步的傻瓜》的主要内容，该书探讨了运气、不确定性、概率、人为错误、风险和在我们不理解的世界中做决策的问题。
1．细节理解题。根据第三段中“This bk is abut luck — r mre precisely, abut hw we perceive and deal with luck in life and business. (这本书是关于运气的——或者更准确地说，是关于我们如何在生活和商业中感知和应对运气的。)”可知，《随机漫步的傻瓜》主要是关于运气在生活和商业中的作用。故选C项。
2．推理判断题。根据第四段中“The bk is ppulated with a number f characters, sme f whm have grasped, in their wn way, the significance f chance: the baseball legend Ygi Berra; the philspher f knwledge Karl Ppper; the mdern financier Gerge Srs; and the Greek vyager Odysseus. We als meet the fictinal Ner, wh seems t understand the rle f randmness in his prfessinal life but falls victim t his wn irratinal flishness. (书中塑造了许多人物，他们中的一些人以自己的方式理解了偶然性的意义：棒球传奇人物尤吉·贝拉；知识哲学家卡尔·波普尔；现代金融家乔治·索罗斯；以及希腊航行者奥德修斯。我们还会遇到虚构的尼禄，他似乎明白随机性在他职业生活中的作用，但却成为自己非理性愚蠢的受害者。)”可知，第四段提到的人物都理解了随机性或偶然性的意义，作者列举这些人物是为了举例说明那些理解随机性的人。故选D项。
3．词句猜测题。根据第五段“Hwever, the mst recgnizable character f all remains unnamed — the lucky fl wh happens t be in the right place at the right time — he embdies the “survival f the least fit. (然而，最容易被认出的人物却没有名字——那个恰好在正确时间出现在正确地点的幸运傻瓜——他体现了“最不适应者的生存”。)”可知，“lucky fl”指的是那些恰好在正确时间出现在正确地点，即靠运气取得成功的人，而不是靠技能或努力。再结合后文“Such individuals attract devted fllwers wh believe in their mentr’s (导师) insights and methds. But n ne can cpy what is btained by chance. (这样的人会吸引忠实的追随者，他们相信导师的见解和方法。但没有人能复制靠机会获得的东西。)”可知，“lucky fl”是指将成功归因于自身技能而忽视运气成分，实则是靠运气获得成功的人。故选C项。
4．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Writing in an entertaining narrative style, the authr tackles majr intellectual issues related t the underestimatin f the influence f happenstance n ur lives. (作者以娱乐性的叙事风格写作，探讨了与我们低估偶然事件对我们生活影响相关的重大智力问题。)”和最后一段“Are we capable f distinguishing the frtunate charlatan (冒充内行的人) frm the genuine innvatr? Must we always try t uncver nnexistent messages in randm events? It may be impssible t guard urselves against the unpredictability f the gddess Frtuna, but after reading Fled by Randmness we can be a little better prepared.(我们能区分幸运的冒充内行的人和真正的创新者吗？我们必须总是试图在随机事件中发现不存在的信息吗？也许我们无法防范命运女神的不可预测性，但读完《随机漫步的傻瓜》后，我们可以做更好一点的准备。)”可推知，人们常常犯的错误是没有看到偶然性(即机会或运气)对他们成功的影响，即忽视了运气的作用。故选B项。
Passage G
(2025届广东省华南师范大学附属中学高三下学期综合测试三)
We have a prblem，and the strange thing is that we nt nly knw abut it, but als celebrate it. Just tday, smene basted (自夸) t me that she was s busy she’s averaged fur hurs f sleep a night fr the last tw weeks. She wasn’t cmplaining; she was prud f the fact. She is nt alne.
Why are ratinal (理性的) peple s irratinal in their behavir? The answer is that we’re in the midst f a bubble (泡沫). I call it “The Mre Bubble”.
The nature f bubbles is that smething is vervalued until—eventually—the bubble bursts, and we’re left wndering why we were s irratinal in the first place. The thing we’re vervaluing nw is the pinin f ding it all, having it all, achieving it all.
This bubble is being enabled by a cmbinatin f three pwerful trends: smart phnes, scial media, and extreme cnsumerism (消费主义). The result is nt just infrmatin verlad, but pinin verlad. We are mre aware than at any time in histry f what everyne else is ding and, therefre, what we shuld be ding. In the prcess, we have been sld a bill f gds: that success means being supermen and superwmen wh can get it all dne. Of curse, we basted abut being busy—it’s cde fr being successful and imprtant.
And ur answer t the prblem f mre is always mre. We need mre technlgy t help us create mre technlgies. We need t mve ur wrklad t free up ur wn time t d yet even mre.
Luckily, there is a slutin t asking fr mre: asking fr less, but better. A grwing number f peple are making this change. I call these peple Essentialists.
These peple are designing their lives arund what is essential and remving everything else. These peple arrange t have actual weekends (during which they are nt wrking). They create technlgy-free znes in their hmes. They trade time n Facebk with calling thse few friends wh really matter t them. Instead f running t different meetings, they put space n their plans t get imprtant wrk dne.
S we have tw chices: We can be amng the last peple caught up in “The Mre Bubble,” r we can jin the grwing cmmunity f Essentialists and get mre f what matters in ur ne precius life.
1．When the wman said she nly slept fr fur hurs a night fr tw weeks, she ________.
A．was unsatisfied with her lifestyle
B．was asking fr suggestins
C．tk pride in ding s
D．knew few peple were like her
2．What is Paragraph 4 mainly abut?
A．The cause and result f “The Mre Bubble”.
B．The advantages f “The Mre Bubble”.
C．The slutins t “The Mre Bubble”.
D．The value f “The Mre Bubble”.
3．Accrding t the article, Essentialists are thse wh ________.
A．give up certain things fr what matters in life
B．prefer t change frequently
C．are tired f infrmatin and pinins
D．are eager t becme successful and imprtant
4．What’s the authr’s attitude twards “The Mre Bubble”？
A．Supprtive.B．Undecided.
C．Disapprval.D．Dubt.
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．A 4．C
【分析】本文主要讲述了所谓的“泡沫文化”，叙述了这种“The Mre Bubble”的本质，出现的原因及后果。
1．C细节理解题。第一段“Just tday, smene basted t me that she was s busy she’s averaged fur hurs f sleep a night fr the last tw weeks. She wasn’t cmplaining; she was prud f the fact.” （今天，有人（自夸）对我说，她很忙，以至于她是最后两周夜间平均睡眠四小时。她没有抱怨，她为事实感到自豪。）可知，C项正确。
2．A主旨大意题。“This bubble is being enabled by a cmbinatin f three pwerful trends…The result is nt just infrmatin verlad, but pinin verlad.”（这个泡沫是由三个强大的趋势结合起来的：……结果不仅仅是信息超载，更是舆论超载。）可知，本段是讲更多泡沫的起因。故选A。
3．A细节判断题。倒数第二段中“These peple are designing their lives arund what is essential and remving everything else… calling thse few friends wh really matter t them. …they put space n their plans t get imprtant wrk dne.”从本段可知，这些人知道生活中什么是重要的，他们会为了重要的东西而放弃某些东西。故选A。
4．C推理判断题。文中作者使用了一些词如“basted (自夸) t me”、“Why are ratinal (理性的) peple s irratinal in their behavir”中的irratinal（不合理的，荒谬的; 无理性的）、“vervalued（过高估计的）”等可看出作者是disapprval（不赞同，反对），故选C。
Passage H
(25-26高三上·重庆南开中学校·月考)
Fr parents, dealing with schl schedules can be a nightmare: half-days, days ff, and vacatin. It impses (强加) a burden s great that they simply cannt be the caretakers r wrkers they want t be. It’s hard t imagine any wrking parent wh wuld be able t handle regular 3 p.m. schl dismissals, alng with frequent half-days and full days ff. After all, hw many parents get mre than 10 weeks f vacatin each year? Hw many struggle t affrd camps?
Hwever, even if we shuld be mving in the directin f mre time spent at schls, dn’t hld yur breath. Increasingly, public schl systems are embracing fur-day weeks. Of curse, many f the cuts are brn f financial necessity. But we’ve failed t recgnize hw smething as basic as schl schedules dramatically disadvantages wrking parents, alng with thse wh can’t affrd the muntain f ut-f-schl csts these schedules impse. It has always been surprising t Ulrich Bser, an expert n learning, that pliticians dn’t even raise the tpic f schl schedules. Wrking 9 t 5 really resnates with individuals, he says. And yet, “It’s nt like we’ve seen any presidential candidates run n schl being nine t five.”
The change we want is difficult t carry ut. Sme parents — particularly, affluent parents — strngly resist changes t schl calendars, especially if they want t sign their children up fr certain after-schl activities r camps, r if they’ve gt vacatin plans. And then there’s the business cmmunity. Restaurants, ice cream parlrs, and htels all depend n high schl students as emplyees. All f this makes it mre challenging t increase the amunt f time students spend in schls.
Thugh few pliticians care abut it, there are enrmus advantages t adpting a schl schedule that lks a little mre like a wrk schedule. Change culd cme gradually. In a city,yu culd imagine creating just ne year-rund elementary schl. Being a student there wuld be purely vluntary. Teachers wh pt in wuld get paid mre fr their additinal wrk. We wuld start small, and see if children and adults embraced the advantages.
1．What is the rt cause f the prblem parents face?
A．The financial burden f after-schl camps.
B．An ver-packed schedule f schl activities.
C．A lack f vacatin time prvided by emplyers.
D．The cnflict between wrk and schl schedules.
2． What are public schls ding nw?
A．Increasing tuitin fees.B．Shrtening schl time.
C．Drawing plitical attentin.D．Extending schl schedules.
3． What des the underlined wrd “affluent” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．Wealthy.B．Wrried.
C．Uneducated.D．Overprtective.
4． What is mainly discussed in the last paragraph?
A．Benefits f the slutin.B．Challenges t the refrm.
C．Cnsequences f the issue.D．Suggestins fr the change.
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．D
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了家长面临的学校日程与工作冲突问题及解决方案。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Fr parents, dealing with schl schedules can be a nightmare: half-days, days ff, and vacatin. It impses (强加) a burden s great that they simply cannt be the caretakers r wrkers they want t be. (对于父母来说，应对学校的日程安排可能是一场噩梦：半天假、休息日和假期。这给他们带来了巨大的负担，以至于他们根本无法成为自己想成为的照顾者或工作者)”可知，家长面临的问题的根源是工作和学校日程之间的冲突，使得他们无法兼顾工作和照顾孩子。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Increasingly, public schl systems are embracing fur-day weeks. (越来越多的公立学校系统开始实行每周四天制)”可知，公立学校正在缩短学校时间，实行每周四天制。故选B。
3．词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Sme parents — particularly, affluent parents — strngly resist changes t schl calendars, especially if they want t sign their children up fr certain after-schl activities r camps, r if they’ve gt vacatin plans. (一些家长——尤其是affluent的家长——强烈反对改变学校日程，特别是如果他们想为孩子报名参加某些课外活动或夏令营，或者他们有度假计划的话)”可知，这些家长有经济能力为孩子报名参加课外活动或夏令营，或者有度假计划，因此可以推断出这些家长是富有的，“affluent”意为“富裕的”。故选A。
4．主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“Change culd cme gradually. In a city, yu culd imagine creating just ne year-rund elementary schl. Being a student there wuld be purely vluntary. Teachers wh pt in wuld get paid mre fr their additinal wrk. We wuld start small, and see if children and adults embraced the advantages. (改变可以慢慢来。在一个城市里，你可以想象只创建一所全年制的小学。在那里上学完全是自愿的。选择加入的教师将因其额外的工作而获得更高的报酬。我们将从小事做起，看看儿童和成人是否接受这些优势)”可知，最后一段主要讨论了对于改变学校日程的一些具体建议，如创建全年制小学、教师额外工作报酬等。故选D。
Passage I
(25-26高三上·重庆南开中学·期中)
Adding legs t rbts that have minimal awareness f the envirnment arund them can help the rbts perate mre effectively in difficult envirnment, my clleagues and I fund.
We were inspired by Claude Shannn’s cmmunicatin thery, which shwed that repeated infrmatin can ensure reliability when sending messages thrugh nisy cmmunicatin channels. We wndered if the same principle culd help mve gds via rbt. That is, if we want t transprt gds ver “nisy” envirnment, say fallen trees and large rcks, in a reasnable amunt f time, culd we d it by just adding legs t the rbt and d s withut expensive sensrs and cameras?
Our idea was t frget abut sensing altgether and replace it with the simple act f taking repeated steps. Our analysis suggested this culd prvide reliable and predictable mvement. T test ur hypthesis, we built rbts inspired by centipedes (蜈蚣) and gradually increased their legs frm six t sixteen. The mre legs we added, the better the rbts mved ver uneven surfaces. We then tried utdr tests n real grund. Even withut sensrs, the many-legged rbts shwed impressive flexibility. This gives them ptential uses in agriculture, space explratin, and search-and-rescue wrk.
Transprting gds is essential t mdern sciety. Other researchers are building increasingly intelligent humanid rbts. But such machines depend heavily n accurate sensrs t knw where they are and what lies ahead, limiting them in unpredictable envirnments. In search-and-rescue peratins, fr example, sensrs can be damaged and surrundings can change suddenly.
We have already applied ur findings t the field f crp farming by funding a cmpany that uses these rbts t efficiently weed farmland. As we cntinue t advance this technlgy, we are fcused n refining the rbt’s design and functinality. The team’s next step is t determine the ideal number f legs t balance the perfrmance and cst. S far, we knw that twelve legs are the minimum fr effective mvement withut sensing, but we are still explring the perfect number.
Our wrk shws that dealing with difficult envirnment can be as simple as taking it ne step at a time — prvided yu have enugh legs. By fcusing n mtin rather than high-tech sensing, we may pen the dr t rbts that can g where thers cannt.
1． What led the team t their rbt design?
A．Mre-is-better cmmunicatin thery.B．Repetitin in humanid rbts tests.
C．Rads and tracks fr easier transprt.D．Strnger mtrs fr rugh surface.
2． What advantage d many-legged rbts have ver humanid rbts?
A．They can carry heavier lads.B．They take less time t prduce.
C．They are reliable even withut sensrs.D．They mve stably n uneven surfaces.
3． What is the next gal f the authr and his team?
A．Reduce the rbt’s legs fr better perfrmance.
B．Test the rbt with mre farming cmpanies.
C．Adapt the rbt fr space explratin.
D．Imprve the rbt’s design t bst efficiency.
4． What idea des the authr suggest in the last paragraph?
A．Rbts with legs can handle all situatins.
B．Bilgical inspiratin is key t rbt design.
C．Prgress relies n rethinking basic principles.
D．Simplicity can tackle cmplex prblems.
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍作者团队受香农通信理论启发，设计多腿机器人，其无需昂贵传感器仍能在复杂环境高效作业，且已应用于农业，团队正优化设计。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“We were inspired by Claude Shannn’s cmmunicatin thery, which shwed that repeated infrmatin can ensure reliability when sending messages thrugh nisy cmmunicatin channels. (我们受到克劳德·香农通信理论的启发，该理论表明，在通过嘈杂的通信渠道发送信息时，重复的信息可以确保可靠性。)”可知，香农“重复信息可保障可靠性”的通信理论（即“越多越优”的核心逻辑）促使团队开展多腿机器人设计。故选A项。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Even withut sensrs, the many-legged rbts shwed impressive flexibility. (即使没有传感器，这种多腿机器人也展现出了令人印象深刻的灵活性。)”和第四段中的“But such machines depend heavily n accurate sensrs t knw where they are and what lies ahead, limiting them in unpredictable envirnments. (但这类机器严重依赖精确的传感器来了解自身位置和前方情况，这限制了它们在不可预测环境中的表现。)”可知，多腿机器人相较于类人机器人的优势是无需传感器仍能可靠运行。故选C项。
3．细节理解题。根据第五段中的“As we cntinue t advance this technlgy, we are fcused n refining the rbt’s design and functinality. The team’s next step is t determine the ideal number f legs t balance the perfrmance and cst. (随着我们继续推进这项技术，我们正专注于改进机器人的设计和功能。该团队的下一步是确定理想的腿数，以平衡性能和成本。)”可知，作者团队的下一个目标是改进机器人设计，提升其效率与实用性。故选D项。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Our wrk shws that dealing with difficult envirnment can be as simple as taking it ne step at a time — prvided yu have enugh legs. By fcusing n mtin rather than high-tech sensing, we may pen the dr t rbts that can g where thers cannt. (我们的研究表明，应对复杂环境可以像一步一个脚印那么简单——只要你有足够的腿。通过专注于运动而非高科技传感，我们可能会为那些能够到达其他机器人无法到达的地方的机器人打开大门。)”可知，作者通过多腿机器人的案例，传递出“简单方法可解决复杂问题”的观点。故选D项。
Passage J
(2026届湖北省湖北省部分市州高三上学期一模调研)
In the digital era, where scial media flds with ceaseless sharing, 26-year-ld illustratr Lina frm Hangzhu stands as a striking example. She regularly psts artwrks and travel snapshts n Instagram but seldm replies t cmments r engages in private cnversatins. “I lve sharing fragments (碎片) f my life, yet building deep cnnectins with strangers feels emtinally exhausting”, she admits. Lina’s attitude represents a grwing trend amng tday’s yuth: light scializing, a pattern that priritizes self-expressin ver intensive emtinal bnds in the virtual wrld.
Scilgist Min Li bserves that scial media, nce a hub (中心) fr develping relatinships, has changed int a “self-shwcase” platfrm fr the yunger generatin. Instead f seeking active interactins, they share cntent like scenic phts r daily rutines, with little expectatin f feedback. Actins such as casually unfllwing, blcking strangers r using 24-hur disappearing psts shw their wish t avid burdensme “emtinal labr” frm shallw virtual ties. This shift cmes frm their desire t escape verwhelming pressure frm empty digital interactins.
While critics dismiss light scializing as a sign f “emtinal cldness”, it actually reflects a thughtful adaptatin. Psychlgist Lu Chen argues that by embracing this apprach, yung peple regain cntrl ver their nline space — sharing freely withut the anxiety f meeting thers’ expectatins. Even scial platfrms have evlved t meet this need: many nw ffer “silent mdes”, such as hidden interactin recrds and ne-way psting features, acknwledging the widespread acceptance f light scializing.
In a wrld tightly bund by digital cnnectins, light scializing strikes a delicate balance between self-expressin and privacy prtectin. It is nt a refusal f scial bnds but a wise pursuit f healthier, mre autnmus nline engagement. This trend shws the yunger generatin’s maturity in safeguarding their mental well-being, representing a frward-lking and thughtful apprach t mdern scial interactins.
1．What des Lina d n scial media?
A．She nly psts artwrks.
B．She shares life but skips deep chats.
C．She never replies t cmments.
D．She fcuses n building deep nline bnds.
2．Accrding t Min Li, what has scial media becme fr yung peple nw?
A．A center fr deep relatinships.
B．A platfrm fr persnal display.
C．A tl t seek frequent interactins.
D．A space t reduce pressure by virtual ties.
3．What can we infer abut “light scializing”?
A．It encurages safe nline engagement.
B．It makes yung peple emtinally cld.
C．It relies mainly n platfrms’ silent mdes.
D．It abandns scial bnds t prtect mental health.
4．What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A．Keep Silent Mde On
B．Keep the Digital Distance
C．Scial Media: “Self-shwcase” Platfrm
D．Emtinal Cldness: Online Life’s Secret
【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．B
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章以26岁的杭州插画师Lina为例，阐述了在数字时代，年轻人在社交媒体上呈现出“轻社交”的趋势，即注重自我表达而非深度情感联系，这种趋势反映了年轻人对心理健康的守护，是一种有前瞻性和深思熟虑的现代社交互动方式。
1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“She regularly psts artwrks and travel snapshts n Instagram but seldm replies t cmments r engages in private cnversatins. “I lve sharing fragments (碎片) f my life, yet building deep cnnectins with strangers feels emtinally exhausting”, she admits.(她经常在Instagram上发布艺术作品和旅行照片，但很少回复评论或参与私人对话。“我喜欢分享我生活中的片段，但与陌生人建立深厚的联系在情感上让人筋疲力尽，”她承认)”可知，Lina在社交媒体上分享生活，但避免深度聊天。故选B项。
2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Scilgist Min Li bserves that scial media, nce a hub (中心) fr develping relatinships, has changed int a “self-shwcase” platfrm fr the yunger generatin(社会学家李敏观察到，社交媒体曾经是发展关系的中心，现在已经变成了年轻一代的“自我展示”平台)”可知，根据李敏的说法，社交媒体现在已经成为年轻人个人展示的平台。故选B项。
3．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“In a wrld tightly bund by digital cnnectins, light scializing strikes a delicate balance between self-expressin and privacy prtectin. It is nt a refusal f scial bnds but a wise pursuit f healthier, mre autnmus nline engagement.(在一个被数字联系紧密束缚的世界里，轻社交在自我表达和隐私保护之间取得了微妙的平衡。这不是对社会关系的拒绝，而是对更健康、更自主的在线参与的明智追求)”可知，轻社交不是对社会关系的拒绝，而是对更健康、更自主的在线参与的明智追求。由此推知，“轻社交”鼓励安全的在线参与。故选A项。
4．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“She regularly psts artwrks and travel snapshts n Instagram but seldm replies t cmments r engages in private cnversatins. “I lve sharing fragments (碎片) f my life, yet building deep cnnectins with strangers feels emtinally exhausting”, she admits.(她经常在Instagram上发布艺术作品和旅行照片，但很少回复评论或参与私人对话。“我喜欢分享我生活中的片段，但与陌生人建立深厚的联系在情感上让人筋疲力尽，”她承认)”、第二段“Scilgist Min Li bserves that scial media, nce a hub (中心) fr develping relatinships, has changed int a “self-shwcase” platfrm fr the yunger generatin(社会学家李敏观察到，社交媒体曾经是发展关系的中心，现在已经变成了年轻一代的“自我展示”平台)”、以及最后一段“In a wrld tightly bund by digital cnnectins, light scializing strikes a delicate balance between self-expressin and privacy prtectin. It is nt a refusal f scial bnds but a wise pursuit f healthier, mre autnmus nline engagement(在一个被数字联系紧密束缚的世界里，轻社交在自我表达和隐私保护之间取得了微妙的平衡。这不是对社会关系的拒绝，而是对更健康、更自主的在线参与的明智追求)”可知，本文主要讨论了年轻人在社交媒体上选择“轻社交”的方式，在数字连接紧密的世界中，保持一定的数字距离，以平衡自我表达和隐私保护，所以B项“Keep the Digital Distance(保持数字距离)”适合作本文最佳标题。故选B项。
主题02 人与自我——教育理念；语言交际；健康生活；文学赏析；个人发展；科学精神；文化认同；心理成长
Passage A
(25-26高三·广东广州增城区·月考)
D yu remember the name f yur kindergarten teacher? I d—mine was Mrs. White. I always thught she must be sme distant relative f Walt Disney’s Snw White, with her bright blue eyes, shrt dark hair, red lips and fair skin.
I dn’t remember much abut what we learned in her class, but my mther nce tld me that we used t write a lt. Every time I brught my writings hme, mm wuld ntice many mistakes. Bu n red crrectins and always a star. Smtimes-even a Gd! It made my heart sar with happiness, but it wrried my mm. One day when she met Mrs. White, she asked her why she never crrected my mistakes—why she never red-penciled in the right spellings r pinted ut grammatical errrs.
Mm said Mrs. White replied, “The children are just beginning t get excited abut using wrds, abut frming sentences. I-dn’t want t dampen that nthusiasm with red ink. Spelling and grammar can wait. The wnder f wrds wn’t.” Maybe thse weren’t her exact wrds—this was lng ag, and mm culd nly recall the gist. The rest I added in. I grew up learning t use wrds with lving cnfidence like that.
Nw it ccurs t me that if Mrs. White had used her red pen mre precisely, I prbably wuldn’t be telling yu abut this nw. I lk back and think she must have been a rather extrardinary teacher—fr exercising such red-pen restraint, t allw the pleasure, wnder, and excitement f expressin t flwer—hwever faultily—like that.
I used t misspell “beautiful” a lt—even after I entered high schl. I’d ften put the “a” befre the “e”—a mistake that always fiustrated my teacher. But I’m glad I never stpped using it. “Pretty” is easier t spell, but it desn’t hld as much meaning as yu want t cnvey smetimes. Thanks t Mrs. White, I never hesitate t write what I mean—even with imperfect spelling. Because life isn’t “pretty”—it’s “baeutiful”: flawed yet truly wnderful.
1． What des the underlined wrd “it” in paragraph 2 refer t?
A．The authr’s attitude t schlwrk.
B．The teacher’s respnse t the writings.
C．The authr’s academic perfrmance.
D．The teacher’s disservice t the students.
2． What can we knw frm Mrs. White’s reply?
A．She was t busy t mark every paper.
B．She believed spelling was unimprtant.
C．She culdn’t crrect all the students’ mistakes.
D．She was careful nt t ruin the jy f expressin.
3． What des the authr think f Mrs. White’s way f teaching?
A．Far-reaching.B．Cntradictry.C．Cnventinal.D．Practical.
4． What is the authr’s purpse in writing the text?
A．T hnr a respected kindergarten teacher.
B．T share an unfrgettable learning experience.
C．T tell hw early encuragement fuels lifelng cnfidence.
D．T prve technical accuracy is less imprtant than creativity.
【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者回忆了幼儿园老师Mrs. White不批改她作业中错别字，反而鼓励她写作的经历。作者认为老师保护了孩子用词的热情，培养了她自信的写作态度。作者感激老师，并认识到创作乐趣比完美拼写更重要，这影响了她对生活的看法。
1．词句猜测题。根据第二段“Every time I brught my writings hme, mm wuld ntice many mistakes. Bu n red crrectins always a star. Smtimes-even a Gd! It made my heart sar with happiness, but it wrried my mm. (每次我把我的作品带回家，妈妈都会注意到很多错误。但是没有红色的修正，总是有一个小星星，有时候甚至是一个“好！”这让我心里充满了喜悦，但却让妈妈很担心。)”以及后文“One day when she met Mrs. White, she asked her why she never crrected my mistakes—why she never red-penciled in the right spellings r pinted ut grammatical errrs.( 有一天，当她见到怀特老师时，便问她为何从不纠正我的错误——为何从不用红笔标出正确的拼写方式，也从不指出语法上的错误。)”可知，这里的“it”指代的是老师对学生作品不进行错误纠正，而是给出一些评价的这种回应方式即老师对作者作业的反馈让作者充满了喜悦却让妈妈很担心。B选项“The teacher’s respnse t the writings.(教师对这些作品的回应。)”符合题意。故选B。
2．推理判断题。根据第三段“Mm said Mrs. White replied, ‘The children are just beginning t get excited abut using wrds, abut frming sentences. I dn’t want t dampen that enthusiasm with red ink. Spelling and grammar can wait. The wnder f wrds wn’t.’(妈妈说怀特老师回答说：“孩子们刚刚开始对使用单词、组成句子感到兴奋。我不想用红墨水来抑制他们的热情。拼写和语法可以等一等。单词的奇妙之处不会等。”)”可知，从怀特老师的回复中推断出她很小心，不想破坏孩子们表达的乐趣。故选D。
3．推理判断题。根据第四段“Nw it ccurs t me that if Mrs. White had used her red pen mre precisely, I prbably wuldn’t be telling yu abut this nw. I lk back and think she must have been a rather extrardinary teacher—fr exercising such red-pen restraint, t allw the pleasure, wnder, and excitement f expressin t flwer—hwever faultily—like that. (现在我想到，如果怀特老师更精确地使用她的红笔，我可能现在就不会跟你说这些了。我回想起来，觉得她一定是一位相当非凡的老师——她如此克制地使用红笔，让表达的乐趣、惊奇和兴奋能够像那样绽放——尽管有错误。)”以及最后一段中“Thanks t Mrs. White, I never hesitate t write what I mean—even with imperfect spelling.( 多亏了怀特夫人，我敢于直抒己见——即便拼写不太准确也没关系。)”可知，作者因为老师的影响而一直敢于表达自己真实的想法；因此作者认为怀特老师的教学方式影响深远。A选项“Far-reaching.(影响深远的)”符合题意。故选A。
4．推理判断题。结合最后一段“Because life isn’t ‘pretty’—it’s ‘baeutiful’: flawed yet truly wnderful. (因为生活不是“美好的”——它是“美丽的”：有缺陷但真的很精彩。)”以及通读全文，文章主要讲述了作者幼儿园的White老师不纠正学生写作中的错误，让学生自由表达，这种教学方式对作者产生了深远的影响，让作者敢于用不完美的拼写表达自己真实的想法。因此作者写这篇文章的目的是为了纪念一位受尊敬的幼儿园老师。故选A。
Passage B
(2025届广东省广州大学附属中学高三下学期毕业班综合测试（三）)
It’s a classic cmplaint in relatinships, especially rmantic nes: “She said she was kay with me frgetting her birthday! Then why is she thrwing dishes in the kitchen? Are the tw things related? ”
The answer is YES. Cmmunicatin is mre than wrds. It’s hw thse wrds are said, the tne, the rder, even the chice f a particular wrd. It’s multi-dimensinal, as explred by Deirdre Wilsn and Dan Sperber in Meaning and Relevance. Cnsider the fllwing example: Peter gt angry and Mary left; Mary left and Peter gt angry. Thugh identical in wrds, their meanings differ cmpletely. The first ne may have us thinking: Ww, Peter must get angry ften if Mary leaves. The secnd sentence suggests that Peter wants mre frm Mary. Same wrds — a ttally different cntext.
Human language is nt a cde (编码). True cdes have a ne-t-ne relatinship with meaning. One sund, ne definitin. This is what we see with animals. Wilsn and Sperber explain that “cded cmmunicatin wrks best when emitter (发出者) and receiver share exactly the same cde. ” Nt s fr humans. We cmmunicate mre than the definitins f ur wrds wuld suggest. This is inferential cmmunicatin, and it means that we understand nt nly the wrds spken, but the cntext in which they are spken. .
Irny (反语) is a great example f hw pwerfully we can cmmunicate cntext with a few simple wrds. It is mre than just stating the ppsite. Fr example, when Mary says, after a bring party, “That was fun”, she is neither saying literally that the party was fun nr saying “irnically” that the party was bring. Rather, she is expressing an emtin. Three wrds replace paragraphs, shwcasing language’s efficiency.
Wilsn and Sperber cncluded that human language develped and became s pwerful because f tw unique abilities f humans: language and the pwer t try t interpret mental states f thers. We lk fr cntext fr the wrds we hear. And we shuld be very gd at absrbing this cntext t infer meaning.
1．What des the cmplaint in Paragraph 1 mainly indicate?
A．The incnsistence between wrds and meaning.
B．The imprtance f remembering vital mments.
C．The necessity f straightfrward cmmunicatin.
D．The unavidability f argument in a cuple's life.
2．What may make human language different frm true cdes?
A．The cntext included in understanding meanings.
B．The definitins made by wrds in cmmunicatin.
C．The cded cmmunicatin between emitter and receiver.
D．The ne-t-ne relatinship between wrd and meaning.
3．Hw des Mary’s statement “That was fun” illustrate abut irny?
A．It simplifies language t save time.B．It cvers the true feelings f peple.
C．It needs wrdy explanatins t make sense.D．It uses fewer wrds fr cmplex meanings.
4．What des the authr suggest in cmmunicatin?
A．Fcusing n the ppsite.B．Taking language literally.
C．Reading beynd the wrds.D．Aviding using irnic tnes.
【答案】1．A 2．A 3．D 4．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍人类语言交流特点及反语在交流中的作用。
1．推理判断题。根据第一段“She said she was kay with me frgetting her birthday! Then why is she thrwing dishes in the kitchen? Are the tw things related?(她说她不介意我忘记她的生日！那她为什么在厨房里摔盘子呢？这两件事有关系吗？)”以及第二段“Cmmunicatin is mre than wrds. It’s hw thse wrds are said, the tne, the rder, even the chice f a particular wrd.(交流不仅仅是言语。还包括这些话是怎么说的，语气，顺序，甚至是某个特定单词的选择)”可推知，第一段的抱怨主要表明了言语和意思之间的不一致。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Human language is nt a cde (编码). True cdes have a ne-t-ne relatinship with meaning. One sund, ne definitin. This is what we see with animals. Wilsn and Sperber explain that “cded cmmunicatin wrks best when emitter (发出者) and receiver share exactly the same cde. ” Nt s fr humans. We cmmunicate mre than the definitins f ur wrds wuld suggest. This is inferential cmmunicatin, and it means that we understand nt nly the wrds spken, but the cntext in which they are spken.(人类语言不是一种编码。真正的编码与意义有着一一对应的关系。一种声音，一种定义。这就是我们在动物身上看到的情况。威尔逊和斯珀伯解释说：“当发出者和接收者拥有完全相同的编码时，编码交流效果最佳。”人类则不是这样。我们交流的内容比我们所说的单词的定义要多。这是一种推理交流，这意味着我们不仅理解所说的单词，而且理解它们所使用的语境)”可知，理解意义时所包含的语境使人类语言不同于真正的编码。故选A。
3．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Irny (反语) is a great example f hw pwerfully we can cmmunicate cntext with a few simple wrds. It is mre than just stating the ppsite. Fr example, when Mary says, after a bring party, “That was fun”, she is neither saying literally that the party was fun nr saying “irnically” that the party was bring. Rather, she is expressing an emtin. Three wrds replace paragraphs, shwcasing language’s efficiency.(反语是一个很好的例子，说明我们如何用几个简单的词来有力地传达语境。它不仅仅是陈述相反的意思。例如，当玛丽在一个无聊的聚会后说“那很有趣”时，她既不是说聚会真的很有趣，也不是“讽刺地”说聚会很无聊。相反，她在表达一种情感。三个字代替了段落，展示了语言的效率)”可知，玛丽的陈述“那很有趣”用更少的词表达了复杂的意思，从而说明了反语的特点。故选 D。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Wilsn and Sperber cncluded that human language develped and became s pwerful because f tw unique abilities f humans: language and the pwer t try t interpret mental states f thers. We lk fr cntext fr the wrds we hear. And we shuld be very gd at absrbing this cntext t infer meaning.(威尔逊和斯珀伯得出结论，人类语言之所以发展并变得如此强大，是因为人类有两种独特的能力：语言能力和试图解读他人心理状态的能力。我们为听到的单词寻找语境。我们应该非常善于吸收这种语境来推断意义)” 可推知，作者认为在交流中应该理解话语背后的意思，也就是不仅仅局限于字面意思。故选C。
Passage C
(2026届重庆名校联盟高三第一次联考)
If yur day starts with a harsh alarm sund, yu might want t rethink yur wake-up rutine. New research frm the University f Virginia’s Schl f Nursing suggests that the way yu’re waking up culd be putting unnecessary stress n yur heart.
Nursing dctral student Yensu Kim studied 32 participants and fund that being frced awake — like by a lud phne alarm — can lead t a significant mrning bld pressure surge. This happens when yur bdy is suddenly shifted frm sleep t wakefulness. And it was fund t be 74% higher in participants wh were awakened by an alarm after five hurs f sleep cmpared t thse wh wke up naturally. And that’s n small cncern — mrning bld pressure surges have been linked t serius cardivascular (心血管的) risks, including strke and heart attack.
The increase in bld pressure activates yur sympathetic nervus system — the same system that sets ff the “fight r flight” respnse. That can lead t a rapid heartbeat, anxiety, exhaustin, and even physical symptms like headaches and nsebleeds.
The gd news? There are better, healthier ways t greet the day. Instead f relying n harsh alarms, many peple are turning t gentler methds — and research backs them up. One ppular ptin is a gradual light alarm, als knwn as a sunrise alarm clck. These devices imitate the rising sun by slwly increasing in brightness ver a set perid f time. The gentle light helps signal yur bdy t reduce melatnin (褪黑激素) prductin and transitin int wakefulness mre naturally, reducing dizziness and mrning stress.
There are als alarm apps that use sft music r nature sunds that gradually get luder, helping yu wake withut shcking yur system. A 2020 study even fund that meldic sunds — like a sng yu can sing alng with — help reduce sleep inertia, a sleepy, heavy feeling that can linger fr hurs after waking up.
Small changes can make a big difference in hw yur bdy starts the day and yur heart will thank yu fr it!
1．What physical symptms can be caused by activating the sympathetic nervus system?
A．Nervusness and tiredness.B．Slwer heartbeat.
C．Imprved sleep quality.D．Reduced melatnin levels.
2．What is the main idea f the furth paragraph?
A．The dangers f using traditinal alarm clcks.
B．The imprtance f getting enugh sleep every night.
C．The intrductin and benefits f gradual light alarms.
D．Hw melatnin affects ur sleep quality.
3．What can be inferred frm the research findings mentined in the passage?
A．Peple wh wake up naturally never experience mrning bld pressure surges.
B．Gradual waking methds may lwer the risk f heart-related diseases.
C．Reducing melatnin prductin immediately imprves cardivascular health.
D．Lud alarms are the primary cause f strkes and heart attacks wrldwide.
4．What is the main purpse f the passage?
A．T persuade us t stp using alarms.
B．T criticize mdern sleep habits.
C．T cmpare different types f alarm sunds.
D．T explain the dangers f sudden wake-up methds
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了突然被闹钟叫醒会使血压急剧上升，增加心血管疾病风险，同时介绍了更健康的唤醒方式。
1．细节理解题。根据第三段“The increase in bld pressure activates yur sympathetic nervus system—the same system that sets ff the “fight r flight” respnse. That can lead t a rapid heartbeat, anxiety, exhaustin, and even physical symptms like headaches and nsebleeds.(血压升高会激活交感神经系统 —— 也就是触发“战斗或逃跑”反应的系统。这可能导致心跳加速、焦虑、疲惫，甚至出现头痛、流鼻血等身体症状。)”可知，激活交感神经系统会引发焦虑（紧张）和疲惫。故选A项。
2．主旨大意题。根据第四段“One ppular ptin is a gradual light alarm, als knwn as a sunrise alarm clck. These devices imitate the rising sun by slwly increasing in brightness ver a set perid f time. The gentle light helps signal yur bdy t reduce melatnin prductin and transitin int wakefulness mre naturally, reducing dizziness and mrning stress.(一种流行的选择是渐进式光线闹钟，也被称为日出闹钟。这类设备通过在设定时间内缓慢增加亮度来模拟日出。柔和的光线有助于提示身体减少褪黑激素分泌，更自然地过渡到清醒状态，减少头晕和早晨的压力。)”可知，该段核心是介绍渐进式光线闹钟及其好处。故选C项。
3．推理判断题。根据第二段中“And that’s n small cncern — mrning bld pressure surges have been linked t serius cardivascular risks, including strke and heart attack.(这是一个不小的问题 —— 早晨血压飙升与严重的心血管风险有关，包括中风和心脏病发作。)”以及第四段中“Instead f relying n harsh alarms, many peple are turning t gentler methds——and research backs them up. One ppular ptin is a gradual light alarm, als knwn as a sunrise alarm clck. These devices imitate the rising sun by slwly increasing in brightness ver a set perid f time. The gentle light helps signal yur bdy t reduce melatnin prductin and transitin int wakefulness mre naturally, reducing dizziness and mrning stress.(许多人不再依赖严厉的警报，而是转向更温和的方法——研究也支持了他们的观点。一种流行的选择是渐进式光线闹钟，也被称为日出闹钟。这些装置模仿太阳升起，在一段固定的时间内缓慢增加亮度。柔和的光线可以帮助你的身体减少褪黑素的产生，更自然地过渡到清醒状态，减少头晕和早晨的压力。)”可推断出，渐进式唤醒方式可能会降低患心脏病相关疾病的风险。故选B项。
4．推理判断题。根据第一段中“New research frm the University f Virginia’s Schl f Nursing suggests that the way yu’re waking up culd be putting unnecessary stress n yur heart.(弗吉尼亚大学护理学院的一项新研究表明，你醒来的方式可能会给你的心脏带来不必要的压力。)”及后文对突然被闹钟叫醒的危害介绍可知，本文的主要目的是解释突然唤醒方法的危害。故选D项。
Passage D
(2026届广西壮族自治区柳州市高三第一次模拟)
Hemingway’s The Old Man and the Sea, set in the Gulf Stream ff the cast f Havana, is a pwerful and simple stry abut an ld fisherman’s battle with a giant marlin (马林鱼). This shrt nvel directly led t him winning the Nbel Prize fr Literature. It presents the human struggle against the pwerful frces f nature. The plt centers n Santiag, an aging Cuban fisherman. His struggle t catch the marlin represents Hemingway’s favrite themes: facing physical and mral challenges with dignity. Unlike the vilent manliness in sme f Hemingway’s ther wrks, Santiag’s herism is defined by his patience, skill, and remarkable perseverance. Thrugh this character, Hemingway explres the cncept f grace (优雅) under pressure, demnstrating hw ne can maintain hnr even in the face f extreme misfrtune.
Hemingway’s writing style is clear and vivid. He uses precise, descriptive language t bring the sea and the struggle t life. Fr example, as a strm appraches, he writes that “the rising wind rughened the surface f the sea and the waves were talking t each ther.” Such imagery allws readers t fully imagine the scene and appreciate the authr’s masterful cmmand f language, transfrming an rdinary fishing trip int a deep universal experience.
The stry’s ending is deeply meaningful. After Santiag finally defeats the marlin, his prize is eaten by sharks n his way hme. He returns t prt with nly the skeletn (骨骼) f the fish. This is nt a stry f pure victry, but ne f dignified lss that cnveys a significant message abut life. The final line — “the ld man was dreaming abut the lins” — suggests that true hnr lies nt in the reward.but in the spirit f the struggle itself.
This masterpiece remains the last great achievement f Hemingway’s brilliant career, cntinuing t inspire readers wrldwide with its deep insight. Fr any student seeking t understand curage and dignity, this bk is essential reading.
1．Hw is Santiag’s herism different frm that in Hemingway’s ther wrks?
A．It avids struggles.B．It leads t material rewards.
C．It emphasizes spiritual strength.D．It fcuses n vilent manliness.
2．Why des the authr qute the sentence abut the waves in paragraph 2?
A．T demnstrate the ld man’s sailing skills.
B．T illustrate Hemingway’s descriptive pwer.
C．T analyze the symblic meaning f strms.
D．T prve the accuracy f weather descriptins.
3．What central theme des the bk cnvey?
A．The jy f fighting against sharks.B．The value f practical survival skills.
C．The imprtance f cean cnservatin.D．The dignity f struggling against hardship.
4．What kind f passage is the text?
A．A bk review.B．A shrt stry.
C．A news reprt.D．A bigraphy.
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A
【导语】本文是一篇书评。主要评析海明威《老人与海》的主题思想、写作风格及文学价值，强调其对勇气与尊严的深刻诠释。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Unlike the vilent manliness in sme f Hemingway’s ther wrks, Santiag’s herism is defined by his patience, skill, and remarkable perseverance.(与海明威其他一些作品中暴力的阳刚之气不同，圣地亚哥的英雄主义体现在他的耐心、技巧和非凡的毅力上)”可知，圣地亚哥的英雄主义强调耐心、毅力等精神力量。故选C项。
2．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Hemingway’s writing style is clear and vivid. He uses precise, descriptive language t bring the sea and the struggle t life. Fr example, as a strm appraches, he writes that “the rising wind rughened the surface f the sea and the waves were talking t each ther.”(海明威的写作风格清晰生动。他运用精准的描写性语言，让大海和这场搏斗栩栩如生。例如，当暴风雨来临时，他写道：“渐起的风让海面变得粗糙，海浪在相互诉说”)”可知，引用海浪的句子是为了举例说明海明威极具感染力的描写能力。故选B项。
3．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“His struggle t catch the marlin represents Hemingway’s favrite themes: facing physical and mral challenges with dignity. (他努力捕捉马林鱼代表了海明威最喜欢的主题：有尊严地面对身体和道德的挑战)”、第三段中的“He returns t prt with nly the skeletn (骨骼) f the fish. This is nt a stry f pure victry, but ne f dignified lss that cnveys a significant message abut life. The final line — “the ld man was dreaming abut the lins” — suggests that true hnr lies nt in the reward.but in the spirit f the struggle itself.(他只带着鱼的骨骼回到港口。这不是一个纯粹的胜利的故事，而是一个有尊严的损失的故事，传达了一个关于生活的重要信息。最后一句话——“老人梦见了狮子”——表明真正的荣誉不在于回报，而在于斗争的精神本身)”可知，小说核心主题是“在困境中抗争的尊严”。故选D项。
4．推理判断题。文章围绕《老人与海》的主题、人物、写作风格、结局意义及文学价值展开评析，明确指出“this bk is essential reading (这本书是必读书目)”，符合书评的文体特征。故选A项。
Passage E
(2026届福建省泉州市高中毕业班质量检测一)
Have yu ever made a reslutin t “study harder”, nly t fall back int ld habits within a week? Jhn Whitmre's Caching fr Perfrmance prvides the slutin — the GROW mdel. This simple yet pwerful framewrk (框架) stands fr Gal, Reality, Optins, and Will. It transfrms fuzzy gals int cncrete results by guiding yu thrugh each step f the prcess with clearer wishes.
Imagine a student transfrming “I need better grades” int “I'll raise my algebra scre frm 72 t 85 by ding three extra practice prblems daily.” This Gal-setting step creates measurable targets, just like an athlete aiming t cut tw secnds ff their time. The pwer f GROW emerges when we hnestly face Reality — that same student might admit wasting 90 minutes n scial media, while the athlete recgnizes pr pacing. These self-assessments, achieved thrugh guided reflectin rather than criticism, reveal the true radblcks t prgress.
The Optins phase shines as peple create their wn slutins. A nervus speaker might recrd speeches r jin drama club — self-chsen strategies wrk best, far mre effective than impsed advice. This leads naturally t the Will stage, where cmmitment turns plans int actin. Our algebra student might schedule Sunday study sessins, while the runner cmmits t daily training. Such persnalized plans generate real results-15% grade imprvements r persnal bests-because the drive cmes frm within, nt frm external pressure.
Whitmre's revlutinary insight redefines effective caching: it's nt abut prviding answers, but abut asking the right questins. This principle frms the fundatin f the GROW mdel, which succeeds because it agrees with hw human mtivatin actually wrks.
What makes Caching fr Perfrmance s valuable is that it ffers a structured yet flexible system. The GROW framewrk prvides clear guidance while allwing fr persnal adaptatin — a balance that explains its effectiveness. At its cre, Whitmre's message is empwering: every individual already pssesses the capacity fr change. The GROW mdel simply prvides the tls — strategic questining, hnest self-reflectin, and actinable steps — t help peple realize this ptential.
1．What des the underlined wrd “fuzzy” mean in paragraph 1?
A．Unclear.B．Impractical.C．Irrelevant.D．Overall.
2．What prblem des the student recgnize in the "Reality" stage?
A．He lacks supprt frm teachers.B．His study materials are ineffective.
C．He wastes time n scial media.D．His self-assessments are unrealistic.
3．Why des the authr mentin the nervus speaker in paragraph 3?
A．T emphasize the rle f external pressure.
B．T criticize traditinal public speaking training.
C．T illustrate the significance f prfessinal advice.
D．T shw hw self-chsen strategies bst cmmitment.
4．What des the authr think f Whitmre's bk?
A．It is a reflectin f students' characters.B．It is a reminder f trusting humanity.
C．It is applicable t varius challenges.D．It is instrumental t chsing careers.
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了约翰·惠特莫尔（Jhn Whitmre）所著的《Caching fr Perfrmance》一书及其提出的GROW模型，阐述了该模型如何帮助人们将模糊目标转化为具体成果，实现自我提升与改变。
1．词句猜测题。 根据第一段中“It transfrms fuzzy gals int cncrete results by guiding yu thrugh each step f the prcess with clearer wishes. (它将fuzzy目标转化为具体的结果，引导你以更清晰的愿望完成过程的每一步)”可知，GROW模型通过更清晰的意愿引导你完成过程的每一步，将fuzzy目标转化为具体的结果。由此可推断，“fuzzy”与“cncrete(具体的)”意思相反，意为“不明确的，模糊的”，和Unclear意思相同。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The pwer f GROW emerges when we hnestly face Reality — that same student might admit wasting 90 minutes n scial media, while the athlete recgnizes pr pacing. (当我们诚实地面对现实时，成长的力量就会显现出来——同一个学生可能会承认在社交媒体上浪费了90分钟，而运动员则会承认自己的节奏不好)”可知，在“现实”阶段，学生认识到自己在社交媒体上浪费了90分钟。故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据第三段中“The Optins phase shines as peple create their wn slutins. A nervus speaker might recrd speeches r jin drama club — self-chsen strategies wrk best, far mre effective than impsed advice. (当人们创造自己的解决方案时，“选择”阶段闪耀着光芒。一个紧张的演讲者可能会录制演讲或加入戏剧俱乐部——自己选择的策略效果最好，比强加的建议要有效得多)”可推知，作者提到紧张的演讲者是为了说明自己选择的策略如何增强人们的决心。故选D。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“What makes Caching fr Perfrmance s valuable is that it ffers a structured yet flexible system. The GROW framewrk prvides clear guidance while allwing fr persnal adaptatin — a balance that explains its effectiveness. At its cre, Whitmre's message is empwering: every individual already pssesses the capacity fr change. The GROW mdel simply prvides the tls — strategic questining, hnest self-reflectin, and actinable steps — t help peple realize this ptential. (《Caching fr Perfrmance》之所以如此有价值，是因为它提供了一个结构化但灵活的系统。GROW框架提供了明确的指导，同时允许个人适应——这种平衡解释了其有效性。惠特莫尔的核心思想是赋予权力：每个人都拥有改变的能力。GROW模型只是提供了一些工具——战略性提问、诚实的自我反思和可操作的步骤——来帮助人们实现这种潜力)”可知，作者认为《Caching fr Perfrmance》这本书提供了一个有结构但又灵活的系统并允许个人调整。由此推知，作者认为这本书适用于各种挑战。故选C。
Passage F
These days it’s quite easy t strike up a cnversatin with artificial intelligence (AI). Ask sme chatbts a questin, and they’ll even prvide an engaging respnse verbally. Yu can chat with them acrss multiple languages and request a reply in a particular dialect r accent.
It is nw even pssible t use AI-pwered speech clning tls t imitate the vices f real humans. It raises an interesting questin: Is there anything unique abut the human vice t help us distinguish it frm rb-speech?
Jnathan Harringtn, a prfessr f phnetics (语音学) and digital speech prcessing at the University f Munich, Germany, has spent decades studying the cmplexity f hw humans talk and prduce the sunds f wrds and accents. Even he is impressed by the capabilities f AI-pwered vice tls. But he believes there are still sme imprtant cues that can help us t tell if we are talking t a human r an Al. “T sme extent, cmputer-generated speech has been quite pr and nt very human-like”, says Harringtn.
He further gives the fllwing reasns. Listening fr the emphasis wrds given in a sentence can be a gd trick fr sptting cmputer-generated speech. This is because humans use emphasis t give a sentence mre meaning. Intnatin — the rise and fall f the vice in speaking acrss a sentence — can als change the same wrds frm being a statement int a questin. Phrasing is als an imprtant factr. The way a sentence is brken up can als change its meaning. Tgether these elements are famus as sentence-level prsdy (韵律学).
There are als mves t make deepfake detectin sftware mre readily available t cnsumers. But in the unavidable race between AI generatin and AI detectin, we may find new value in smething we have lst in ur increasingly virtually cnnected wrld — physical interactin. Perhaps in the search t find ut if yu are speaking t a human, the slutin is simple — spending mre time meeting in persn.
1．What des the underlined wrd “imitate” in paragraph 2 mean?
A．Distinguish.B．Adjust.C．Raise.D．Cpy.
2．What des Harringtn think f human speech?
A．It is pr.B．It is expressive.
C．It is very cmputer-like.D．It is made up f tw elements
3．Hw can peple tell AI-pwered speech frm human vice accrding t Harringtn?
A．By asking questins.B．By analyzing speech cntents.
C．By identifying rhythm patterns.D．By changing sentence structures.
4．What des the authr prpse ding in the last paragraph?
A．Aviding physical interactin.B．Interacting in the virtual wrld.
C．Having a face-t-face cnversatin.D．Making deepfake detectin sftware.
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍人工智能语音技术的发展，探讨人类声音与AI语音的区别，以及分辨AI语音的方法和建议。
1．词句猜测题。根据第二段中划线词所在句“It is nw even pssible t use AI-pwered speech clning tls t imitate the vices f real humans.(现在，甚至可以使用人工智能驱动的语音克隆工具来imitate真人的声音。)”以及下文“It raises an interesting questin: Is there anything unique abut the human vice t help us distinguish it frm rb-speech?(这引发了一个有趣的问题：人类的声音有什么独特之处可以帮助我们将其与机器人的语音区分开来吗？)”可知，“speech clning tls”的功能是模仿、复制真人声音，因此“imitate”意为“模仿，复制”，与“Cpy”意义一致。故选D项。
2．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“This is because humans use emphasis t give a sentence mre meaning. Intnatin — the rise and fall f the vice in speaking acrss a sentence — can als change the same wrds frm being a statement int a questin. Phrasing is als an imprtant factr. The way a sentence is brken up can als change its meaning.(这是因为人类会通过强调来赋予句子更多含义。语调——即一句话中声音的高低起伏——也能将同样的词语从陈述句变成疑问句。措辞也是一个重要因素，句子的拆分方式也会改变其含义。)”可知，哈林顿认为人类语言能通过强调、语调、措辞等传递丰富含义，具有很强的表达性。故选B项。
3．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Listening fr the emphasis wrds given in a sentence can be a gd trick fr sptting cmputer-generated speech. This is because humans use emphasis t give a sentence mre meaning. Intnatin — the rise and fall f the vice in speaking acrss a sentence — can als change the same wrds frm being a statement int a questin. Phrasing is als an imprtant factr. The way a sentence is brken up can als change its meaning. Tgether these elements are famus as sentence-level prsdy (韵律学). (留意句子中的强调词，不失为识别计算机生成语音的有效方法。这是因为人类会通过强调来赋予句子更丰富的含义。语调——即整句话中说话时声音的高低起伏——也能将相同的语句从陈述句转变为疑问句。断句同样是一项重要因素，句子的停顿划分方式亦会改变其含义。上述这些要素共同构成了著名的“句级韵律”。)”可知，哈林顿认为人们可以通过识别语音中的韵律模式，即强调、语调、措辞等构成的韵律，来区分AI语音和人类声音。故选C项。
4．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Perhaps in the search t find ut if yu are speaking t a human, the slutin is simple — spending mre time meeting in persn.(或许在判断你是否在与人类交谈的过程中，解决方案很简单——花更多时间面对面交流。)”可知，作者提出在判断对方是否为真人时，面对面交流是一种简单而有效的方法。故选C项。
Passage G
(2026届河北省衡水市高三上学期三模英语试题)
A lngtime University f Iwa prfessr’s life-changing cystic fibrsis (囊性纤维化) research was hnred with ne f bimedicine’s mst famus awards — ften referred t as the “American Nbel.” Dr. Michael J. Welsh, alng with tw ther scientists, wn the 2025 Lasker-DeBakey Clinical Medical Research Award fr their wrk n treatments that have lengthened and bettered the lives f patients with cystic fibrsis. A genetic disrder that causes thick mucus (黏液) t blck rgan functins, cystic fibrsis mst ften affects the lungs where infectins lead t prgressive destructin.
When Welsh started his medical career nearly 50 years ag, cystic fibrsis was a serius disease, with patients rarely seeing their 30th birthday. Facing numerus failures, he never gave up, believing that answers wuld be fund. Using Welsh’s results, the tw ther hnred scientists wrked fr decades t develp Trikafta, a drug that made cystic cystic fibrsis pssible t cntrl fr abut 90% f thse diagnsed. Tday, cystic fibrsis patients’ life expectancy can be well int the 80s.
Specifically, Welsh’s research changed the fundamental understanding f a critical prtein, knwn as CFTR, and hw it is transfrmed by a gene mutatin (突变) in cystic fibrsis patients, resulting in a breakdwn f the bdy’s usual prtective systems. With that knwledge, Welsh’s team prved that if cled dwn, the mutated CFTR prtein culd be “crrected” in a sense, a key discvery that allwed scientists t explre the pssibility f a mre permanent fix t the prtein’s damage.
“Mike Welsh’s wrk illustrates hw fundamental science—driven by curisity, cperatin, and purpse—can lead t transfrmative innvatins and treatments,” Dr. Denise Jamiesn, the university’s vice president, says in a news release.
While Welsh said that he is “incredibly hnred t receive this award,” he pints t the cperative science and the many unnamed researchers wh made the grundbreaking wrk pssible. “Fr me, it is truly a celebratin f ur entire scientific enterprise,” Welsh said in the release. By sharing credit with all cntributrs, he shwed his dedicatin t the scientific cause.
1．Why is “American Nbel” mentined in paragraph 1?
A．T shw why this award is highly respected.
B．T stress the challenges f fibrsis treatment.
C．T prve the research deserves the Nbel Prize.
D．T explain why the research gained wrld fame.
2．What is the primary significance f Dr. Welsh’s research?
A．Discvering the genetic cause f cystic fibrsis.
B．Develping the final drug cmbinatin fr patients.
C．Transfrming a deadly disease int a manageable ne.
D．Serving as a new diagnsis basis fr cystic fibrsis.
3．What des paragraph 3 mainly talk abut?
A．The main difficulties in prtein research.
B．The prcess f develping a new fibrsis treatment.
C．A full explanatin f hw gene changes affect health.
D．A breakthrugh discvery abut fixing a faulty prtein.
4．Which f the fllwing can best describe Dr. Welsh?
A．Determined and humble.B．Strict and respnsible.
C．Independent and creative.D．Curageus and cnfident.
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．A
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍爱荷华大学迈克尔·J·威尔士博士因囊性纤维化研究获“美国诺贝尔奖”，及其研究对该疾病治疗和患者寿命的重大影响，同时展现其科研精神。
1．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“A lngtime University f Iwa prfessr’s life-changing cystic fibrsis (囊性纤维化) research was hnred with ne f bimedicine’s mst famus awards — ften referred t as the “American Nbel.” Dr. Michael J. Welsh, alng with tw ther scientists, wn the 2025 Lasker-DeBakey Clinical Medical Research Award fr their wrk n treatments that have lengthened and bettered the lives f patients with cystic fibrsis.(爱荷华大学一位长期任教的教授，其改变患者命运的囊性纤维化研究，荣获了生物医学领域最负盛名的奖项之一——该奖项常被称为“美国诺贝尔奖”。迈克尔·J·威尔士博士与另外两位科学家共同获得了2025年拉斯克-德贝基临床医学研究奖，以表彰他们在治疗方法方面的研究，这些方法延长并改善了囊性纤维化患者的生命。)”可知，提及“美国诺贝尔奖”是为了凸显该奖项在生物医学领域的崇高地位，进而体现威尔士博士等人的研究成果的重要性，说明该奖项为何备受尊重。故选A项。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“When Welsh started his medical career nearly 50 years ag, cystic fibrsis was a serius disease, with patients rarely seeing their 30th birthday. Facing numerus failures, he never gave up, believing that answers wuld be fund. Using Welsh’s results, the tw ther hnred scientists wrked fr decades t develp Trikafta, a drug that made cystic fibrsis pssible t cntrl fr abut 90% f thse diagnsed. Tday, cystic fibrsis patients’ life expectancy can be well int the 80s.(近50年前威尔士开启从医之路时，囊性纤维化是一种严重疾病，患者几乎活不到30岁。面对无数次失败，他从未放弃，坚信终将找到答案。基于威尔士的研究成果，另外两位获奖科学家历经数十年研发出了药物Trikafta，该药物使约90%的确诊患者能够控制囊性纤维化病情。如今，囊性纤维化患者的预期寿命能轻松达到80多岁。)”可知，威尔士博士研究的首要意义是将曾经致命、患者寿命极短的囊性纤维化，转变为约90%患者可控制、预期寿命大幅延长的疾病。故选C项。
3．主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“Specifically, Welsh’s research changed the fundamental understanding f a critical prtein, knwn as CFTR, and hw it is transfrmed by a gene mutatin (突变) in cystic fibrsis patients, resulting in a breakdwn f the bdy’s usual prtective systems. With that knwledge, Welsh’s team prved that if cled dwn, the mutated CFTR prtein culd be “crrected” in a sense, a key discvery that allwed scientists t explre the pssibility f a mre permanent fix t the prtein’s damage.(具体而言，威尔士的研究改变了人们对一种关键蛋白质——CFTR蛋白的基本认知，以及囊性纤维化患者体内该蛋白质如何因基因突变而发生改变，进而导致人体正常保护系统失效。借助这一认知，威尔士团队证明，若对突变的CFTR蛋白进行冷却处理，在某种意义上可使其“恢复正常”，这一关键发现使科学家得以探索更永久性修复该蛋白质损伤的可能性。)”可知，该段主要围绕威尔士团队在CFTR蛋白研究上的突破展开，即明确了该蛋白的突变影响，并发现冷却可“修正”突变蛋白，是修复缺陷蛋白的关键发现。故选D项。
4．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Facing numerus failures, he never gave up, believing that answers wuld be fund.(面对无数次失败，他从未放弃，坚信终将找到答案。)”可知，威尔士博士在科研过程中遭遇多次失败却不退缩，体现出坚定的意志；根据最后一段中的“While Welsh said that he is “incredibly hnred t receive this award,” he pints t the cperative science and the many unnamed researchers wh made the grundbreaking wrk pssible. “Fr me, it is truly a celebratin f ur entire scientific enterprise,” Welsh said in the release. By sharing credit with all cntributrs, he shwed his dedicatin t the scientific cause.(尽管威尔士表示“能获得这个奖项感到无比荣幸”，但他同时强调了合作科研的重要性，以及众多无名研究者——正是他们的努力才让这项突破性研究成为可能。威尔士在新闻稿中表示：“对我而言，这确实是对我们整个科研事业的庆祝。”通过与所有贡献者共享荣誉，他展现了对科研事业的热忱。)”可知，他获奖后不独占功劳，而是肯定团队和他人的贡献，体现出谦逊的品质。因此，“坚定且谦逊”最能描述威尔士博士。故选A项。
Passage H
(25-26高三上·江苏扬州大学附属中学·阶段检测四)
When I was grwing up, my mm ften said that n matter what grades I gt in schl as lng as I did my best, she’d be prud f me. Then she added, “But if yu didn’t get an A, I’ll knw yu didn’t d yur best.” She said it with a smile, but I tk it seriusly. I shuldn’t settle fr anything less than perfect. My greatest weakness is that I’m t much f a perfectinist.
Perfectinism is the desire t be 100% perfect. The gal is zer faults and n failures. In an increasingly cmpetitive wrld, kids face grwing pressure frm parents t be perfect and severe criticism when they fall shrt. Every fault is a blw t their self-esteem (自尊). I’ve lived it myself.
When I wn the fifth-grade quiz bwl n wrld explrers, I beat myself up afterward fr missing ne questin. Hw culd I frget that the sea rute t India was discvered by da Gama, but nt Magellan? When I made the finals f a Mrtal Kmbat turnament and wn a lifetime pass t a lcal mvie theater, I didn’t celebrate. Third place is the secnd lser. When I wn the first prize in a math test, I was disappinted. Only a 98? Nt gd enugh. There was always a vice in the back f my mind whispering that it wasn’t enugh and that I culd have dne better.
It was during my cllege years that I started t questin the value f this perfectinism. I met peple wh didn’t seem t be weighed dwn by the same expectatins, wh accepted their mistakes and saw them as pprtunities fr grwth rather than failures. They taught me that it was kay t be imperfect, that it was human t make mistakes, and that smetimes, the mst imprtant lessns cme frm ur failures.
1． What is paragraph 1 mainly abut?
A．The disadvantage f being a perfectinist.
B．Why the authr became a perfectinist.
C．Hw the authr gt the gd grades in schl.
D．The feeling f being grateful t the authr’s mther.
2． What made the authr unsatisfied with what had been achieved?
A．Blame frm parents.B．Eagerness t be perfect.
C．Desire t get first prize.D．Pressure f cmpetitins.
3． What made the authr change the attitude twards perfectinism?
A．Lsing expectatin t succeed.
B．Realizing the harm f being perfect.
C．Learning lessns frm ther peple’s failure.
D．Encuntering thse accepting imperfectin.
4． Which clumn f a magazine may the text be taken frm?
A．Cming-f-Age Stries.B．Parenting Styles.
C．Peple f Achievement.D．Challenges Facing Yuth.
【答案】1．B 2．B 3．D 4．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从小到大追求完美，到大学时期因遇到一些人而改变对完美主义态度的成长故事。
1．主旨大意题。根据第一段“When I was grwing up, my mm ften said that n matter what grades I gt in schl as lng as I did my best, she’d be prud f me. Then she added, “But if yu didn’t get an A, I’ll knw yu didn’t d yur best.” She said it with a smile, but I tk it seriusly. I shuldn’t settle fr anything less than perfect. My greatest weakness is that I’m t much f a perfectinist.(在我成长的过程中，我妈妈经常说，不管我在学校取得了什么成绩，只要我做到了最好，她就会为我感到骄傲。然后她又说：“但如果你没有得到A，我就知道你没有尽力。”她说这话时面带微笑，但我却当真了：我不应该满足于任何不完美的东西。我最大的缺点是过于追求完美)”可知，第一段主要讲的是作者成为完美主义者的原因。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Perfectinism is the desire t be 100% perfect. The gal is zer faults and n failures.(完美主义就是想要100%完美。目标是零错误，没有失败)”以及第三段“When I wn the fifth-grade quiz bwl n wrld explrers, I beat myself up afterward fr missing ne questin.(当我在五年级世界探险家竞赛中获胜时，我因为错过了一道题而自责)”可知，渴望完美让作者对已经取得的成就不满意。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“I met peple wh didn’t seem t be weighed dwn by the same expectatins, wh accepted their mistakes and saw them as pprtunities fr grwth rather than failures. They taught me that it was kay t be imperfect, that it was human t make mistakes, and that smetimes, the mst imprtant lessns cme frm ur failures.(我遇到了一些人，他们似乎没有被同样的期望所拖累，他们接受自己的错误，把它们视为成长的机会，而不是失败。他们告诉我，不完美是可以接受的，犯错误是人之常情，有时候，最重要的教训来自于我们的失败)”可知，遇到那些接受不完美的人让作者改变了对完美主义的态度。故选D。
4．推理判断题。根据第一段“My greatest weakness is that I’m t much f a perfectinist.(我最大的缺点是过于追求完美)”以及最后一段“It was during my cllege years that I started t questin the value f this perfectinism.(在大学期间，我开始质疑这种完美主义的价值)”等内容可知，文章主要讲述了作者从小到大追求完美，到大学时期因遇到一些人而改变对完美主义态度的成长故事。可知，这篇文章可能取自杂志的“成长故事”专栏。故选A。
Passage I
(25-26高三上·陕西西安高新第一中学·三模)
Have yu ever paid clse attentin t a clud and nticed its ever-changing frms? If nt, yu culd be missing ut n smething quite wndrus.
Clud sptting desn’t require much. Smetimes, it can be an invitatin t be marveled by smething s cmmn that we’ve becme blind t it. Or yu can g deeper, trying t make sense f the sky by learning the different clud types.
A pp science blgger surnamed Zheng, 25, knwn as the “Clud Cllectr” n the lifestyle platfrm Xiahngshu, initially started her accunt t share clud phts in 2022.
Zheng, wh enjys finding delight in recrding the beauty f daily life, cnsidered it a way t spread lvely mments t mre peple. “Cluds have always served as a surce f cmfrt fr me,” said Zheng based in Fujian.
Fr Zheng, ne f her mst unfrgettable clud-sptting experiences ccurred during a flight. It was the first time that she saw a special natural phenmenn called a “glry”, prduced by water drps in the air. It appeared as a hazy light pint in the middle f a circular rainbw hal (光环). “It was such a surprise,” Zheng recalled.
As a grwing number f nline users began t shw interest and raise questins, Zheng realized that she culd ffer mre science cntent abut clud sptting. S she started t learn mre by referring t specialized bks and cnsulting individuals with expertise in meterlgy (气象学).
Zheng has nw shared nearly 2000 pieces f ppular science cntent, including clud identificatin, frmatin, cmparisns f different clud types and weather-related knwledge. Her accunt nw has ver 210,000 fllwers n Xiahngshu, and there are five grup chats n the platfrm where thusands f users share their daily clud-watching experiences.
Lking ahead, Zheng has plans t hld several gallery exhibitins. “The first rund f exhibitins will be in Xiamen in Fujian and in Chengdu in Sichuan,” Zheng said, adding that she’s gathering mre clud phts and the unique stries behind them. By ding this, she hpes t inspire mre peple t appreciate the beauty f the “gentle white giants” in the sky.
1． Why was Mrs. Zheng called “clud cllectr”?
A．She discvered hw cluds changed.
B．She is an enthusiast f clud-sptting.
C．She was very bred and wanted t find happiness.
D．She created a scial media accunt t share clud phts.
2． Accrding t the text, hw is a “glry” frmed?
A．It is merely an ptical illusin.
B．It is created by human-made surces.
C．It is generated by water drplets in the air.
D．It is caused by the reflectin f airplane lights.
3． What kind f persn is Mrs. Zheng?
A．Creative and straightfrwardB．Curius and life-lving
C．Observant and knwledgeableD．Patient and far-sighted
4． What can we learn frm the text?
A．Clud sptting is a difficult hbby t start.
B．Zheng had funded exhibitins in multiple cities.
C．Zheng systematically shared clud science cntent.
D．Many users actively shared clud-watching experiences.
【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了一位科普博主在自己的账号坚持分享各种云的图片和知识。
1．细节理解题。根据第三段“A pp science blgger surnamed Zheng, 25, knwn as the “Clud Cllectr” n the lifestyle platfrm Xiahngshu, initially started her accunt t share clud phts in 2022.(25岁的科普博主郑女士，在生活方式平台小红书上被称为“云收集者”，她于2022年开设账号，最初是为了分享云朵照片)”可知，她被称为“云收集者”是因为创建了社交媒体账号分享云朵照片。故选D项。
2．细节理解题。根据第五段“It was the first time that she saw a special natural phenmenn called a “glry”, prduced by water drps in the air.(这是她第一次见到一种名为“光环”的特殊自然现象，它由空气中的水滴形成)”可知，“光环”是由空气中的水滴产生的。故选C项。
3．推理判断题。根据第四段“Zheng, wh enjys finding delight in recrding the beauty f daily life, cnsidered it a way t spread lvely mments t mre peple.(郑女士热爱记录日常生活中的美好，她认为这是一种将温馨瞬间分享给更多人的方式)”可知， 郑女士热爱生活；再根据第六段“As a grwing number f nline users began t shw interest and raise questins, Zheng realized that she culd ffer mre science cntent abut clud sptting. S she started t learn mre by referring t specialized bks and cnsulting individuals with expertise in meterlgy (气象学).(随着越来越多网友开始产生兴趣并提出疑问，郑女士意识到自己可以提供更多关于观云的科普内容。于是她通过查阅专业书籍、咨询气象学领域的专业人士，进一步丰富相关知识)”可知，面对网友疑问，她学习更多知识，体现她充满好奇心。故选B项。
4．细节理解题。根据第七段“Her accunt nw has ver 210,000 fllwers n Xiahngshu, and there are five grup chats n the platfrm where thusands f users share their daily clud-watching experiences.(她的小红书账号如今拥有超过21万粉丝，平台上还设有5个群组，数千名用户在其中分享日常观云体验)”可知，许多用户积极分享观云体验。故选D项。
Passage J
(2026届湖北省八校联考高三上学期一模英语试题)
At the start f my first lessn in Chinese calligraphy, my teacher tld me t write my name. After I put it dwn, he said, plainly: “Nw I will teach yu hw t make it beautiful.” I felt my breath catch.
Grwing up in Singapre, I had an uneasy relatinship with my Chinese name. My parents are ethnically Chinese but they didn’t speak Mandarin. Unfamiliar with Chinese characters, they used frtune tellers t decide my name based n the ideal number f strkes (笔画) fr each character, which was calculated fr the best frtune. Chinese names can be truly petic. Nt mine. Embarrassingly, the characters fr my Chinese name mean, rughly, “ld,” “barley” and “warm.” My persnal and cultural histries were messy knts.
When I arrived in America fr cllege at 18, I embraced critical analysis and creative expressin. It felt like a way t abandn the strict frmalities that defined my early years in Singapre’s high-pressure educatin system, and with it, perhaps, parts f my identity. Suddenly, I felt the need t present myself in a way that Americans wuld accept. I put n an American accent and set aside my Chinese name. Ultimately, after 14 years in the States, I decided t learn calligraphy. Why nt get back in tuch with my heritage? I thught.
In calligraphy, the idea is t replicate (复制) the ld masters’ techniques, thereby enhancing yur wn. Every week, my teacher wuld evaluate my writing. “Yu need t be braver,” he nce bserved. “Yur challenge is in prducing a bld strke.” Fr years, I had prided myself n develping an image f integratin and cnfidence despite deep insecurities, but my writing betrayed me.
I had been learning calligraphy t try t get in tuch with my cultural rts, but what I was really seeking was a return t myself. That first lessn came with the terrific prmise that what had been shameful in myself culd be made beautiful—and that I culd be the ne t d that wrk. I knw nw that what calligraphy teaches me is nt the value f replicatin but the pssibility that I culd knw myself mre fully.
1．What criterin guided the selectin f the authr’s Chinese name?
A．Petic sund patterns.B．Ideal symblic images.
C．Favrable strke cunts.D．Psitive literal meanings.
2．Why did the authr adpt an American accent?
A．T break with traditin.B．T fit int the cmmunity.
C．T achieve academic success.D．T facilitate language learning.
3．What have we learned abut the authr’s experience with calligraphy?
A．It revealed her inner self.B．It imprved her public image.
C．It presented n challenge t her.D．It enhanced her replicatin skills.
4．What has the authr learned frm calligraphy?
A．Frtune favrs the bld.B．Embrace wh yu truly are.
C．Our rts define ur identity.D．Planning is gd, but ding is better.
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者在书法练习的过程中，慢慢找到自我，认识自我，重塑自我概念。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Unfamiliar with Chinese characters, they used frtune tellers t decide my name based n the ideal number f strkes (笔画) fr each character, which was calculated fr the best frtune.(由于不熟悉汉字，他们让算命先生根据每个汉字的理想笔画数来决定我的名字，这是为最好的运气而计算的)”可知，作者的中文名是父母基于笔画的数量，取吉祥福气之意。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Suddenly, I felt the need t present myself in a way that Americans wuld accept. I put n an American accent and set aside my Chinese name.(突然间，我觉得有必要以一种美国人能接受的方式来展示自己。我带上了美国口音，把我的中国名字放在一边)”可知，作者说美国口音，隐藏自己的中文名，是为了融入美国的社会。故选B。
3．推理判断题。根据第四段“Fr years, I had prided myself n develping an image f integratin and cnfidence despite deep insecurities, but my writing betrayed me.(多年来，我一直为自己塑造了一种融合和自信的形象而自豪，尽管内心充满了不安全感，但我的写作背叛了我)”和第五段“I had been learning calligraphy t try t get in tuch with my cultural rts, but what I was really seeking was a return t myself.(我一直在学习书法，试图与我的文化根源接触，但我真正寻求的是回归自我)”可推知，作者在书法练习中，重新找到了自我，认识自我，重塑自我概念。故选A。
4．推理判断题。根据第五段“I had been learning calligraphy t try t get in tuch with my cultural rts，but what I was really seeking was a return t myself.(我一直在学习书法，试图与我的文化根源接触，但我真正寻求的是回归自我)”可推知，作者本来是想通过书法练习找到自己的文化身份，却在这一过程中重新认识了自我，接纳了自我。故选B。
主题03 人与自然——生态保护；动物行为；生态互动；物种保护
Passage A
(2026届安徽省合肥一六八中学高三一模考试英语试题)
Zhang Peidng, a prfessr frm the Ocean University f China, has been diving fr 16 years, explring the underwater ‌“grasslands” cvered with seagrass. These seagrass beds are essential habitats fr sea life. Hwever, human activities and changes in the envirnment have caused a big drp in seagrass beds arund the wrld. In 2008, Zhang and his clleague Li Wenta fund a wrrying situatin in Rngcheng Bay, a key area fr seagrass beds in China. The number f verwintering swans had drpped sharply because f the lss f seagrass, a main fd surce.
Faced with this eclgical crisis, Zhang and Li changed their research fcus frm aquaculture (水产养殖) t seagrass bed restratin, an area that had received little attentin at the time. Their effrts were supprted by a Weihai-based cmpany, which prvided free wrkshps, ffice space, husing, and wrkers fr the research team. The cmpany’s general manager nted that many emplyees, being children f fishermen, were eager t cntribute t the restratin effrts.
After years f hard wrk, the research team develped a way t grw eelgrass seedlings artificially. By understanding the grwth patterns and the best seed cllectin times, they managed t reduce the grwing perid frm nearly three mnths t just 10 days. The team als created several sets f equipment with independent intellectual prperty rights t imprve planting efficiency.
Over the past 16 years, the research team has taken part in mre than 10 seagrass bed restratin prjects in China, cvering ver 1,333 hectares in the Yellw and Bhai Seas. Their effrts have led t the recvery f mre than 40% f the seagrass beds in Swan Lake, attracting mre swans t the area. The restratin technlgy has als been used in ther prvinces, such as Hebei and Lianing, significantly imprving lcal water quality and bidiversity.
The team’s cmmitment t seagrass bed restratin has brught new life t underwater ecsystems and set a psitive example fr eclgical cnservatin effrts glbally. Their wrk highlights the imprtance f prtecting marine habitats and the ptential fr jint effrts between academia and industry t address envirnmental challenges.
1．What led t the decline f the verwintering swans?
A．Lss f fd surces like seagrass.
B．habitat lss due t human activities.
C．Increased hunting and lead pisning.
D．Climate change and warmer winters.
2．Hw did the team help restre the underwater grassland?
A．By prtecting existing seagrass beds.
B．By creating new equipment fr planting.
C．By shrtening the grwth perid f eelgrass.
D．By develping artificial cultivatin technlgy.
3．Why are the statistics used in Paragraph 4?
A．T shw the effectiveness f the restratin effrts.
B．T stress the imprtance f prtecting seagrass beds.
C．T highlight the challenges faced by the researchers.
D．T cmpare the success f different restratin prjects.
4．What des the last paragraph imply?
A．Seagrass restratin is the nly slutin.
B．The team’s effrts are glbally recgnized.
C．Cperatin aids envirnmental prtectin.
D．Underwater ecsystem remains vital t humans.
【答案】1．A 2．D 3．A 4．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了中国海洋大学教授张培东及其团队在修复海草床方面所做的努力和取得的成效，强调了保护海洋栖息地的重要性以及学术界与产业界合作应对环境挑战的潜力。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“The number f verwintering swans had drpped sharply because f the lss f seagrass, a main fd surce.(由于主要食物来源海草的消失，越冬天鹅的数量急剧下降)”可知，海草等食物来源的减少导致了越冬天鹅数量的下降。故选A项。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“After years f hard wrk, the research team develped a way t grw eelgrass seedlings artificially.(经过多年的努力，研究小组开发出了一种人工培育鳗草幼苗的方法)”可知，研究团队通过开发人工培育技术来帮助修复水下草地。故选D项。
3．推理判断题。根据第四段“Over the past 16 years, the research team has taken part in mre than 10 seagrass bed restratin prjects in China, cvering ver 1,333 hectares in the Yellw and Bhai Seas. Their effrts have led t the recvery f mre than 40% f the seagrass beds in Swan Lake, attracting mre swans t the area. The restratin technlgy has als been used in ther prvinces, such as Hebei and Lianing, significantly imprving lcal water quality and bidiversity.(在过去的16年里，该研究团队在中国参与了10多个海草床修复项目，覆盖了黄海和渤海1333多公顷的海域。他们的努力使天鹅湖40%以上的海草床得到恢复，吸引了更多的天鹅来到该地区。该修复技术还应用于河北、辽宁等其他省份，显著改善了当地水质和生物多样性)”可知，本段通过列举数据，如参与的项目数量、覆盖的海域面积、海草床恢复的比例以及应用该技术的省份等，来展示修复工作的成效。故选A项。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Their wrk highlights the imprtance f prtecting marine habitats and the ptential fr jint effrts between academia and industry t address envirnmental challenges.(他们的工作强调了保护海洋栖息地的重要性，以及学术界和产业界共同努力应对环境挑战的潜力)”可知，最后一段暗示了合作有助于环境保护。故选C项。
Passage B
Everyne knws that dgs are suppsed t be ur best friends . Culd it be that they knw what we are thinking? Whether it’s getting excited at the prspect f a walk r knwing that tasty fd is cming sn, are ur dgs reading ur minds?
Nw, by mind-reading we’ re nt talking abut knwing ur deepest thughts in detail, but varius psychlgists have suggested that dgs might have a thery f mind. What this means is that they are aware that ther creatures, like humans, are able t see and understand things in different ways. In varius experiments, it appears that dgs are able t identify wh is paying them attentin. They are mre likely t ask fr fd frm smene if there is a reasn that the human wuld knw where the dg treats are . If dgs have been frbidden fd by smene, they are mre likely t try and get it quietly.
As well as these behaviural studies, there are ther things that shw hw dgs are able t relate clsely t humans. Brain imaging studies have shwn nt nly that canine brains react t human vices, but that they als shw an emtinal respnse t thse human sunds which demnstrate strng feelings, such as laughing r crying. Brain scan studies have als shwn that human faces als prvke an emtinal respnse in dgs. Other studies have shwn that sweat frm peple feeling scared culd make dgs feel mre stressed than sweat frm happy peple.
There is sme debate abut whether dgs have evlved t respnd t human emtins as they have becme dmesticated r whether this behaviur is a learned reactin t stimuli. Experiments like thse described abve have als been carried ut n wlves that have been raised by humans/wh may have learned t respnd t their carer’s behaviur, but d nt have the genes f a dmesticated species/Wlves did shw sme abilities t respnd t human emtins, but were less able t pick up mre subtle clues.
Whether it’s learned r innate, dgs’ ability t read human emtins and intentins is ne reasn that we have included them in ur lives fr centuries. It’s als why they have been successful as assistance dgs, helping their wners t get thrugh everyday life.
1． Why d dgs usually ask sme specific humans fr fd?
A．Thse humans ften ffer mre dg treats.
B．Thse humans are aware f where the dg treats are kept.
C．Thse humans are mre kind t dgs.
D．Thse humans have mre spare time.
2． What d brain imaging studies shw abut dgs?
A．Dgs’ brains nly react t human vices with strng feelings.
B．Scared peple’s sweat stresses dgs mre than ther sunds.
C．Human faces affect dgs’ emtins mre than vices.
D．Dgs have emtinal respnses t human vices and faces.
3． What can the wlf experiment shw?
A．Learned reactins have little t n effect n hw animals respnd t humans.
B．Dmesticatin has made dgs mre dependent n humans than wlves are.
C．Wlves are less intelligent than dgs when it cmes t interacting with humans.
D．Genes may play a rle in animals’ ability t understand human emtinal clues.
4． What can be inferred abut the relatinship between dgs and humans frm the text?
A．Dgs’ emtin-reading helps them stay with humans.
B．Only assistance dgs help humans.
C．Humans keep dgs fr their lks.
D．Dgs’ ability t read human emtins is cmpletely innate rather than learned.
【答案】1．B 2．D 3．D 4．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了狗是否能够“读心”，即理解人类的情绪和意图。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“They are mre likely t ask fr fd frm smene if there is a reasn that the human wuld knw where the dg treats are.(如果人类知道狗零食放在哪里，它们更有可能向这个人要食物。)”可知，狗通常会向知道狗零食放在哪里的人要食物。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Brain imaging studies have shwn nt nly that canine brains react t human vices, but that they als shw an emtinal respnse t thse human sunds which demnstrate strng feelings, such as laughing r crying. Brain scan studies have als shwn that human faces als prvke an emtinal respnse in dgs.(脑成像研究表明，狗的大脑不仅对人类的声音有反应，而且对那些表现出强烈情感的人类声音，如笑声或哭声，也有情绪反应。脑扫描研究还表明，人类的脸也会在狗身上引起情绪反应。)”可知，脑成像研究对狗的发现是狗对人类的声音和面部表情有情绪反应。故选D。
3．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Experiments like thse described abve have als been carried ut n wlves that have been raised by humans/ wh may have learned t respnd t their carer’s behaviur, but d nt have the genes f a dmesticated species/ Wlves did shw sme abilities t respnd t human emtins, but were less able t pick up mre subtle clues.(上述类似的实验也在由人类饲养的狼身上进行过，这些狼可能已经学会了对饲养者的行为做出反应，但它们没有驯化物种的基因。狼确实表现出了一些对人类情绪做出反应的能力，但它们不太能够捕捉到更微妙的线索。)”可知，狼的实验说明基因可能在动物理解人类情感线索的能力中发挥作用。故选D。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Whether it’s learned r innate, dgs’ ability t read human emtins and intentins is ne reasn that we have included them in ur lives fr centuries. It’s als why they have been successful as assistance dgs, helping their wners t get thrugh everyday life.(无论是后天习得的还是天生的，狗解读人类情绪和意图的能力是我们几百年来一直将它们纳入我们生活的原因之一。这也是它们作为辅助犬成功的原因，帮助主人度过日常生活。)”可知，狗解读人类情绪的能力有助于它们与人类相处。故选A。
Passage C
(25-26高三上·湖南长沙市第一中学·月考)
When a plant is stressed, it desn’t keep quiet abut it. Yu wn’t hear the plant’s cry because it’s in the ultrasnic (超声的) range — t high-pitched fr human ears — but, fr decades, scientists have been using special devices t listen in.
Fr the first time, a team f researchers in Israel has dcumented that insects can hear and interpret plants’ distress sunds. The research team recrded sunds frm tmat and tbacc plants that were dehydrated (使脱水). The nise created was a result f changes in the plant’s water balance. During perids when the plants lack water, air bubbles frm, expand and cllapse in xylem tissues (木质部组织), which are respnsible fr distributing water frm the rts, creating shaking and click-like sunds.
In the study published in eLife, scientists tested Egyptian cttn leafwrm mths (飞蛾). The researchers cnducted a series f experiments where they bserved Egyptian cttn leafwrm mths detecting ultrasnic signals emitted by drught-stressed tmat plants. These subtle sunds help female mths chse where t lay their eggs.
In ne experiment, when there were n plants present, the female mths preferred the side where the sunds f stressed plants were played, indicating that the mths may have assciated the sund with the presence f vegetatin. Hwever, when healthy plants were placed n tw sides, where nly ne played the sund f distressed plant clicks, the mths chse t lay their eggs n the silent side. As part f the research, when the mths’ sense f hearing was remved, they n lnger shwed a preference fr where t lay their eggs. This suggests that sund plays a key rle when it cmes t mths chsing the best envirnment fr their eggs.
The new discvery sheds light n the pssibility f this invisible ecsystem. Prfessr Yssi Yvel called this “the first prf f animals respnding t plant sunds”. Anther expert Rya Seltzer added, “This is just the tip f the iceberg. Cuntless rganisms hear these frequencies, and mre plant sunds await discvery.” These “secret lives” f plants and mths aren’t just fascinating — they may als have real-wrld uses as scientists learn mre. As scientists cntinue t tune in, much may still be waiting t be discvered, just beynd ur perceptin.
1． What is the main finding f the Israeli research?
A．Insects react t sunds frm stressed plants.
B．Mths lay their eggs based n plant sunds.
C．Dehydrated plants have mre xylem tissues.
D．Plants prduce sunds human beings can’t hear.
2． Why did mths chse the silent side t lay their eggs?
A．The mths preferred silence t nise.
B．There were a larger number f healthy plants.
C．The mths adjusted t the quiet envirnment.
D．The silent side meant better survival chances.
3． What can be inferred abut the significance f the new discvery?
A．It cnfirms many stressed plants prduce ultrasnic signals.
B．It challenges the traditinal view f plant and insect interactins.
C．It prves plant sunds are the key factr in ecsystem balance.
D．It explains why mths are mre sensitive t sunds than ther insects.
4． Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the passage?
A．The “Secret Sunds” Between Plants and Insects
B．Hw Mths Chse Places t Lay Their Eggs
C．Why Drught Makes Tmat Plants “Click”
D．Frests: The Quietest Ecsystem n Earth
【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．A
【导语】这篇文章是一篇说明文。主要介绍以色列团队首次证实昆虫能够“听见”并解读受压植物发出的超声波，并通过实验揭示植物与动物间存在人类难以察觉的“声音交流”。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Fr the first time, a team f researchers in Israel has dcumented that insects can hear and interpret plants’ distress sunds. (以色列一个研究团队首次记录到昆虫能够听见并解读植物受压时发出的声音。)”可知，以色列团队的主要发现是“昆虫能对受压植物的声音做出反应”。故选A项。
2．推理判断题。根据第四段第二句“Hwever, when healthy plants were placed n tw sides, where nly ne played the sund f distressed plant clicks, the mths chse t lay their eggs n the silent side. (然而，当两边都放有健康植株、仅一侧播放受压植株点击声时，雌蛾却把卵产在安静的一侧。)可知，雌蛾是把有声音判断为植株受压，无声音则表示植株健康，产卵时主动避开前者，是出于后代存活率考量，认定无声侧代表更佳生存环境。故选D项。
3．推理判断题。根据第五段第三句“Prfessr Yssi Yvel called this “the first prf f animals respnding t plant sunds” (Yssi Yvel教授称之为“动物对植物声音做出反应的首个证据”。)”可知，该发现首次把“植物声”纳入动物行为决策因素，打破了以往植物仅通过化学或视觉信号与昆虫互动的传统认知。故选B项。
4．主旨大意题。文章以“植物受压发出超声波与昆虫能听见并据此行动”这一新发现为主线，第一段主要讲述受压植物会发出人耳听不到的超声波。第二段主要内容为以色列研究首次证实昆虫能听见并解读植物的这种求救声。第三、四段表明雌蛾会利用干旱胁迫下植物发出的声音来选择产卵地点以利于后代生存。第五段写该发现揭示了隐秘的生态系统，具有巨大探索潜力。全文始终围绕植物与昆虫之间的“隐秘声波通讯”展开，选项A“植物与昆虫之间的‘隐秘声波通讯’”。最能准确涵盖这一主旨，适合作标题。故选A项。
Passage D
(2026届河南省名校联盟一模英语试题)
Plymita tree snails (蜗牛), the mst striking clrful snails in the wrld, are highly prized in eastern Cuba. Belved fr their patterned clrs, the six species f snails have becme increasingly rare t find. Their decay is partly due t lss f trees and climate change, but it’s largely driven by humans. Mre and mre snails are harvested fr jewelry.
“One f the reasns why I’m interested in these snails is that they’re s beautiful,” said Angus Davisn, a prfessr frm the University f Nttingham. “Their beauty attracts peple wh cllect and trade shells. But the very thing that makes them interesting t me is, unfrtunately, what’s endangering them as well.”
Recently, Davisn fund a British listing ffering seven Plymita snail shells fr £160. “Yu can easily imagine hw cllecting shells wuld drive a ppulatin int lcal extinctin,” Davisn said. That’s why Davisn reached ut t scientists at the Universidad de Oriente in Santiag, Cuba, t give a helping hand where it’s needed mst.
Tgether with cnservatin bilgist Bernard Reyes-Tur, Davisn is trying t save the six knwn species f Plymita befre it’s t late, f which P. sulphursa is listed as extremely endangered. As Davisn runs genetic testing in England t understand the species, Reyes-Tur is actively raising the endangered snails in captivity (圈养). Due t Cuba’s ht climate and undependable pwer, Reyes-Tur’s wrk has been challenging. “They haven’t bred (繁殖) yet, but they’re ding well,” he said.
Like all snails, the Plymita tree snails act as nature’s “clean-up crews” by eating bark and mss and bringing nutrients int the sil. They’re als imprtant fd surces fr ther endangered animals native t the cuntry, like the Cuban kite.
When running their respective prjects frm half a wrld away, Davisn and Reyes-Tur hpe that their internatinal effrts can lead t heightened cnservatin awareness. “Eastern Cuba is the nly place in the wrld where these snails are fund,” Davisn said. “We hpe we can use the genetic infrmatin we can bring t cntribute t their cnservatin.”
1．What des the underlined wrd “decay” in paragraph 1 mean?
A．Activity.B．Death.C．Chice.D．Decline.
2．What inspired Davisn t d smething fr Plymita snails?
A．His lve fr cllecting shells.
B．His kindness t ther scientists.
C．His cncerns abut them.
D．His interest in Plymita snail shell trade.
3．What is Reyes-Tur mainly ding t prtect Plymita snails?
A．Breeding them in a cntrlled envirnment
B．Analyzing Cuba’s climate patterns.
C．Studying their genetic infrmatin.
D．Creating prtected areas in the wild.
4．What d we knw abut plymita snails accrding t the text?
A．They help t increase animal ppulatin.
B．They’re valuable t their native envirnment.
C．They have drawn clse attentin wrldwide.
D．They are spreading fast arund the wrld.
【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。古巴东部特有的Plymita蜗牛因壳美遭捕猎濒危，英国科学家Angus Davisn联手古巴生物学家Bernard Reyes-Tur 保护该物种。
1．词句猜测题。根据画线词后“is partly due t lss f trees and climate change, but it’s largely driven by humans(这在一定程度上是由于树木的减少以及气候变化所致，但主要还是由人类活动造成的)”可知，蜗牛数量减少的部分原因是树木减少和气候变化，但主要是人类活动所致。又根据画线词前“increasingly rare t find(越来越少见了)”可推断，decay在此处的意思为“减少、衰退”，与Decline同义。故选D。
2．推理判断题。根据第三段“Recently, Davisn fund a British listing ffering seven Plymita snail shells fr £160. “Yu can easily imagine hw cllecting shells wuld drive a ppulatin int lcal extinctin,” Davisn said. That’s why Davisn reached ut t scientists at the Universidad de Oriente in Santiag, Cuba, t give a helping hand where it’s needed mst.(最近，戴维森发现了一则英国的物品拍卖信息，其中标有“波利米塔蜗牛壳”的物品标价160英镑，共有7个。戴维森说：“你可以很容易地想象出，收集贝壳的行为会如何导致某个物种在当地灭绝。”这就是为什么戴维森联系了古巴圣地亚哥的奥里恩特大学的科学家们，以便在最需要帮助的地方提供援助)”可知，Davisn对Plymita蜗牛的担忧激发了他采取行动保护Plymita蜗牛。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据第四段“Reyes-Tur is actively raising the endangered snails in captivity (圈养).(雷耶斯-图尔正在积极地将这些濒临灭绝的蜗牛进行人工饲养)”可知，Reyes-Tur正在一个受控的环境中积极培育濒危蜗牛。故选A。
4．推理判断题。根据第五段“Like all snails, the Plymita tree snails act as nature’s “clean-up crews” by eating bark and mss and bringing nutrients int the sil. They’re als imprtant fd surces fr ther endangered animals native t the cuntry, like the Cuban kite.(和所有蜗牛一样，波利米塔树蜗牛也是大自然中“清洁队伍”的一员，它们以啃食树皮和苔藓为生，并将养分带入土壤中。此外，它们还是该国其他濒危动物（如古巴鹰）的重要食物来源)”可知，Plymita蜗牛对其原生环境很有价值。故选B。