高考英语 重难点专项突破综合练习

这是一份高考英语 重难点专项突破综合练习，共14页。试卷主要包含了 Dr等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分20分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）—— 实际此处为10小题，总分20分，请教师按实际分值调整。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
阅读理解 Passage 1 (共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)
Passage 1 (主题：人工智能伦理)
Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly transfrming ur wrld, but it als raises prfund ethical questins. One majr cncern is bias. AI systems trained n histrical data can perpetuate existing inequalities. Fr example, facial recgnitin sftware has been fund t have higher errr rates fr peple with darker skin. This can lead t unfair treatment in areas like hiring and law enfrcement.
Anther issue is privacy. AI ften relies n vast amunts f persnal data, raising cncerns abut surveillance and data security. Hwever, prpnents argue that AI can als enhance privacy thrugh encryptin and annymizatin.
Jb displacement is anther wrry. As AI autmates tasks, sme jbs may disappear. Nevertheless, histry shws that technlgy als creates new kinds f emplyment. The key is t ensure that wrkers are retrained fr the jbs f the future.
Despite these challenges, AI has enrmus ptential fr gd. It can imprve healthcare, educatin, and envirnmental prtectin. The questin is nt whether t use AI, but hw t use it respnsibly. This requires cllabratin amng technlgists, plicymakers, and the public.
1. What is the main idea f the passage?
A. AI will replace human wrkers sn. B. AI brings bth benefits and ethical cncerns. C. AI technlgy is develping t fast. D. AI shuld be banned t prtect privacy.
2. The underlined wrd "This" in paragraph 1 refers t ______.
A. facial recgnitin sftware B. higher errr rates C. bias in AI systems D. unfair treatment
3. What des the authr think abut AI and privacy?
A. AI always threatens privacy. B. AI can bth threaten and prtect privacy. C. Privacy is nt a cncern fr AI. D. Encryptin slves all privacy issues.
4. The authr's attitude twards AI's impact n jbs is ______.
A. pessimistic B. ptimistic C. neutral D. indifferent
5. The phrase "the questin is nt whether... but hw" in the last paragraph suggests that ______.
A. we shuld stp using AI B. we shuld fcus n using AI wisely C. AI is t dangerus t use D. the benefits f AI utweigh the risks
阅读理解 Passage 2 (共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)
Passage 2 (主题：数字极简主义)
In recent years, the cncept f "digital minimalism" has gained ppularity. It encurages peple t reduce screen time and fcus n meaningful ffline activities. A survey fund that 65% f adults have tried t limit scial media use. Hwever, experts warn that simply cutting back may nt be enugh. Dr. Mark Williams argues that the prblem is nt technlgy itself, but hw we use it. "We need t cultivate digital literacy," he says.
This perspective shifts the fcus frm quantity t quality. It's nt abut hw many hurs we spend nline, but what we d during thse hurs. Fr instance, using scial media t cnnect with lved nes r learn new skills can be beneficial, while mindless scrlling is harmful. Sme cmpanies have intrduced screen time tracking features, yet Dr. Williams cautins that these tls are nly part f the slutin. "Ultimately, it's abut persnal respnsibility."
The mvement twards digital minimalism reflects a brader scietal awakening. As we becme mre aware f technlgy's impact, we are learning t take cntrl. The gal is nt t abandn technlgy, but t integrate it int ur lives in a way that enhances well-being.
6. What is the main purpse f the passage?
A. T criticize scial media. B. T prmte mindful technlgy use. C. T reprt survey results. D. T cmpare different generatins.
7. The wrd "tractin" in paragraph 1 mst prbably means ______.
A. resistance B. ppularity C. decline D. cnfusin
8. Dr. Williams' view in paragraph 1 is that ______.
A. we shuld stp using technlgy B. the prblem is hw we use technlgy C. cutting screen time is enugh D. technlgy itself is harmful
9. What des paragraph 2 suggest abut nline activities?
A. All nline activities are harmful. B. The quality f nline time matters mre than quantity. C. Only learning activities are beneficial. D. Mindless scrlling is acceptable in small dses.
10. The authr's attitude twards digital minimalism is ______.
A. supprtive B. critical C. neutral D. indifferent
第二部分 七选五（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Passage 3 (主题：如何应对压力)
Stress is a cmmn part f life, but t much stress can harm yur health. Learning t manage stress effectively is essential. 11.__________. Here are sme practical tips t help yu cpe.
First, identify the surces f yur stress. 12.__________. Once yu knw what's causing yur stress, yu can take steps t reduce r eliminate thse triggers.
Secnd, practice relaxatin techniques. Deep breathing, meditatin, and yga are prven methds t calm the mind. 13.__________. Even a few minutes a day can make a difference.
Third, stay physically active. Exercise releases endrphins, which are natural md lifters. 14.__________. Aim fr at least 30 minutes f mderate activity mst days.
Furth, cnnect with thers. Talking t friends r family abut yur feelings can prvide emtinal supprt. 15.__________. Smetimes just knwing smene cares can reduce stress.
Finally, maintain a healthy lifestyle. Eating a balanced diet, getting enugh sleep, and aviding excessive caffeine r alchl are crucial. When yur bdy is healthy, yu're better able t handle stress.
A. This can help yu see things frm a different perspective.
B. It's imprtant t set realistic gals fr yurself.
C. Keeping a jurnal can help yu track yur stress patterns.
D. Fr example, yu might write dwn situatins that make yu feel anxius.
E. Regular physical activity als imprves sleep quality.
F. Dn't be t hard n yurself if yu dn't succeed immediately.
G. They help shift yur fcus away frm stressful thughts.
H. In additin, cnsider seeking prfessinal help if stress becmes verwhelming.
I. Many peple find cmfrt in hbbies like reading r gardening.
11.____ 12.____ 13.____ 14.____ 15.____
第三部分 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Passage 4 (主题：一次助人经历)
Last Sunday, I was walking hme when I nticed an elderly wman standing at the bus stp, lking thrugh her purse anxiusly. She seemed 16 , as if searching fr smething imprtant. I apprached her and asked if she needed help. She lked up with 17 eyes and explained that she had lst her bus pass and had n mney fr the fare. I felt a surge f 18 fr her. "Dn't wrry," I said, "I can give yu the fare." Her expressin immediately 19 frm wrry t relief. She thanked me 20 , saying I was a kind sul. I handed her the mney, and she asked fr my address t return it. I tld her it wasn't necessary, but she 21 , insisting that she wuld mail it the next day. I gave her my address, nt expecting anything. A week later, I received an envelpe with the mney and a thank-yu card. Inside, she had als included a small bkmark with a qute: "Kindness is a chain." I was deeply 22 by her gesture. It wasn't abut the mney; it was the 23 that mattered. Frm that day n, I decided t 24 mre randm acts f kindness. I realized that even small actins can create a 25 effect.
16. A. calm B. upset C. excited D. curius
17. A. tearful B. bright C. sharp D. sleepy
18. A. pity B. anger C. dubt D. envy
19. A. shifted B. jumped C. sank D. disappeared
20. A. cldly B. warmly C. rudely D. quietly
21. A. refused B. hesitated C. persisted D. escaped
22. A. annyed B. mved C. cnfused D. disappinted
23. A. thught B. result C. amunt D. cincidence
24. A. perfrm B. receive C. expect D. avid
25. A. limited B. negative C. ripple D. harmful
（注：第16-25题共10空，此处应为15空，为节省篇幅仅列10空，实际考试中请补充至15空）
16.____ 17.____ 18.____ 19.____ 20.____ 21.____ 22.____ 23.____ 24.____ 25.____
第四部分 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Passage 5 (主题：都江堰——中国古代智慧)
The Dujiangyan Irrigatin System, 26.________ (build) ver 2,000 years ag, is a remarkable example f ancient Chinese engineering. Lcated in Sichuan Prvince, it was cnstructed by Li Bing and his sn during the Qin Dynasty. Unlike mdern dams, it des nt blck the river but instead channels water 27.________ (prtect) the area frm flds and prvide irrigatin. The system is still in use tday, 28.________ (make) it ne f the ldest functining irrigatin prjects in the wrld.
The design reflects the ancient Chinese philsphy f harmny between humans and nature. 29.________ using the natural frce f the river, the engineers created a self-regulating system that requires little maintenance. The site 30.________ (list) as a UNESCO Wrld Heritage Site in 2000 and attracts millins f visitrs each year. It stands as a testament t the 31.________ (wise) f ur ancestrs.
In recent years, the Chinese gvernment 32.________ (invest) heavily in preserving such cultural heritage sites. They believe that 33.________ (prtect) these treasures helps prmte cultural cnfidence and natinal pride. As we face mdern envirnmental challenges, we can draw inspiratin 34.________ the sustainable principles embdied by Dujiangyan. After all, the past ften hlds the key t 35.________ (slve) present prblems.
26.________ 27.________ 28.________ 29.________ 30.________ 31.________ 32.________ 33.________ 34.________ 35.________
第五部分 书面表达（共两节，满分22.5分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分10分）
假定你是李华，你校即将举办一场“中国文化节”活动，请你给外国朋友David写一封邮件，邀请他参加。内容包括：
1. 活动时间、地点；
2. 活动内容（如书法展览、京剧表演、传统美食等）；
3. 期待他的回复。
注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
第二节 读后续写（满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Tm was a shy by wh had always been afraid f speaking in public. When his teacher annunced that each student had t give a five-minute presentatin n a tpic f their chice, Tm's heart sank. He spent days wrrying abut it, imagining himself standing in frnt f the class, frgetting his wrds, and being laughed at. The night befre the presentatin, he culd hardly sleep.
The next mrning, as he walked t schl, he felt sick. When he entered the classrm, he saw his classmates chatting excitedly, but he culdn't share their enthusiasm. His name was called. He std up and walked t the frnt, his legs trembling.
He lked at the audience—twenty pairs f eyes staring back at him. His mind went blank.
注意：
1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1:
He tk a deep breath and tried t remember his first sentence, but nthing came. _____________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
When he finished, there was a mment f silence, and then thunderus applause. _____________________________________________________________________
参考答案及解析
第一部分 阅读理解
1. B (主旨题。文章既提到AI的伦理问题，也提到其潜力，故选B)
2. C (指代题。This指前句提到的AI系统的偏见)
3. B (细节题。第二段提到AI威胁隐私，但也通过加密保护隐私)
4. C (态度题。作者既承认工作消失，也指出新工作会被创造，态度客观中立)
5. B (推断题。强调重点是如何负责任地使用AI)
6. B (主旨题。全文倡导明智使用技术)
7. B (词义猜测题。gained tractin 意为“流行”)
8. B (细节题。第一段“the prblem is nt technlgy itself, but hw we use it”)
9. B (细节题。第二段“It's nt abut hw many hurs... but what we d”)
10. A (态度题。作者支持数字极简主义)
第二部分 七选五
11. D (总起句，引出后文建议)
12. C (具体说明识别压力源的方法)
13. G (解释放松技巧的作用)
14. E (补充运动的好处)
15. A (解释与人交谈的好处)
第三部分 完形填空
16. B (upset 心烦意乱，与后文丢失东西一致)
17. A (tearful 含泪的，符合焦急心情)
18. A (pity 同情)
19. A (shifted 转变)
20. B (warmly 热情地感谢)
21. C (persisted 坚持)
22. B (mved 被感动)
23. A (thught 心意)
24. A (perfrm 做善事)
25. C (ripple 涟漪效应)
第四部分 语法填空
26. built (过去分词作定语)
27. t prtect (不定式表目的)
28. making (现在分词作结果状语)
29. By (介词，通过)
30. was listed (被动，一般过去时)
31. wisdm (名词，智慧)
32. has invested (现在完成时，in recent years)
33. prtecting (动名词作主语)
34. frm (draw inspiratin frm 从...获得灵感)
35. slving (t是介词，后接动名词)
第五部分 书面表达（参考范文）
第一节 应用文写作
Dear David,
I hpe this email finds yu well. Our schl is ging t hld a Chinese Culture Festival next Saturday, frm 9 a.m. t 5 p.m., in the schl auditrium. There will be varius activities, including calligraphy exhibitins, Peking Opera perfrmances, and a chance t taste traditinal Chinese snacks. It wuld be a great pprtunity fr yu t experience Chinese culture firsthand. I'd be very happy if yu culd cme. Please let me knw if yu're available.
Lking frward t yur reply.
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节 读后续写（参考范文）
Paragraph 1: He tk a deep breath and tried t remember his first sentence, but nthing came. Panic rse within him, and he felt his face burning. He glanced at his teacher, wh gave him an encuraging nd. Then he lked at his best friend, wh smiled and gave him a thumbs-up. Suddenly, he remembered the first line: "My tpic is hw t vercme fear." He tk anther breath and began t speak. Slwly, the wrds started t flw. He talked abut his wn fear and hw he was facing it right nw. The audience listened attentively.
Paragraph 2: When he finished, there was a mment f silence, and then thunderus applause. Tm std there, stunned. His classmates were clapping and cheering. His teacher came up and patted him n the shulder. "Yu did it, Tm!" she said. Tm smiled, a wave f relief and jy washing ver him. He had cnquered his fear. Walking back t his seat, he realized that curage is nt the absence f fear, but the triumph ver it. He wuld never frget this lessn.