高考英语 重难点专项突破练习卷24 完形填空——逻辑复现（原词、同义词、上义词） 导学案含答案

这是一份高考英语 重难点专项突破练习卷24 完形填空——逻辑复现（原词、同义词、上义词） 导学案含答案，共13页。
核【核心知识·深度解读】
逻辑复现是完形填空中最重要的解题线索之一，指同一词汇或相关词汇在上下文中重复出现，形成语义上的呼应。正确选项往往与文中的某个词构成原词复现、同义词复现、反义词复现或上下义词复现。掌握复现规律，可以快速锁定答案，提高准确率。
一、复现的四种类型
二、解题步骤
① 通读全文，把握大意：快速浏览，了解文章主题和情感基调。
② 寻找复现线索：重点关注空格前后的词汇，在上下文中寻找可能的复现关系。
③ 代入验证：将所选选项代入原文，检查语义是否连贯，逻辑是否一致。
三、真题原文： felt a sense f pride as he lked at his wrk. This feeling f _____ encuraged him t cntinue.
选项：A. shame B. pride C. fear D. anger
解析：根据前文的“pride”，空格处应为原词复现，选B。
题型：阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
专项突破·逻辑复现
Passage 1 (主题：助人)
Last Sunday, I witnessed a heartwarming scene at the train statin. An elderly wman was struggling t carry her heavy luggage up the stairs. She lked 1.________ and exhausted. A yung man nticed her difficulty and immediately ffered t help. He 2.________ her suitcase and carried it all the way t the platfrm. The wman was s 3.________ that she kept thanking him. This small act f 4.________ reminded me that there is still kindness in the wrld. Later, I saw the yung man again, and I culdn't help but 5.________ him fr his gd deed. He smiled mdestly and said, "It's nthing. We shuld all 6.________ each ther." His wrds stayed with me. It made me realize that even a simple gesture can make a big 7.________. I decided that I wuld als try t be mre 8.________ t thse in need. After all, a little help can 9.________ smene's day. When I gt hme, I tld my mther abut the 10.________. She ndded and said, "That's what being human is all abut." I felt a warm feeling inside, knwing that 11.________ still exists. Frm that day n, I prmised myself t always lend a 12.________ hand when I see smene struggling.
1. A. happy B. tired C. excited D. angry
2. A. drpped B. frgt C. grabbed D. hid
3. A. grateful B. sad C. prud D. wrried
4. A. vilence B. kindness C. rudeness D. selfishness
5. A. praise B. ignre C. criticize D. dubt
6. A. help B. avid C. cheat D. fight
7. A. difference B. mistake C. prmise D. plan
8. A. helpful B. careful C. beautiful D. frgetful
9. A. ruin B. brighten C. shrten D. darken
10. A. accident B. incident C. stry D. jke
11. A. evil B. kindness C. anger D. fear
12. A. helping B. hurting C. shaking D. waving
Passage 2 (主题：坚持梦想)
As a child, Emma always lved t draw. Her parents encuraged her 13.________, buying her paints and sketchbks. In high schl, her art teacher recgnized her talent and suggested she apply t an art schl. Hwever, Emma's friends thught it was a 14.________ idea. They said artists struggle t make a living and that she shuld chse a mre 15.________ career, like medicine r law. Emma felt 16.________ and dubted herself fr a while. But deep dwn, her 17.________ fr art never faded. She decided t fllw her heart and applied t the art schl. T her delight, she was accepted. During her studies, she wrked hard and graduated with hnrs. Tday, Emma is a successful illustratr, and her wrk is lved by many. She ften says, "Never let anyne 18.________ yur dreams. If yu have a 19.________, pursue it with all yur heart." Lking back, she is grateful that she didn't 20.________ up. Her stry inspires many yung peple t stick t their 21.________. Emma prves that with passin and 22.________, anything is pssible.
13. A. hbby B. career C. dream D. interest
14. A. wise B. risky C. brilliant D. safe
15. A. practical B. creative C. interesting D. bring
16. A. cnfident B. uncertain C. excited D. prud
17. A. hate B. passin C. fear D. dubt
18. A. supprt B. encurage C. discurage D. inspire
19. A. jb B. plan C. dream D. secret
20. A. give B. take C. lk D. put
21. A. parents B. teachers C. passins D. friends
22. A. laziness B. persistence C. luck D. mney
Passage 3 (主题：环保)
Plastic pllutin has becme a serius prblem wrldwide. Every year, millins f tns f plastic waste end up in the ceans, harming marine life. Many peple are 23.________ abut this issue and are taking actin. Fr instance, sme cmmunities rganize beach clean-ups t remve 24.________ frm the shre. Others chse t 25.________ single-use plastics, such as straws and bags. These effrts, thugh small, can make a significant 26.________. Gvernments are als stepping in. Several cuntries have 27.________ plastic bags, encuraging citizens t use reusable nes. Scientists are wrking n 28.________ materials that can replace plastic. They hpe t find a slutin that is bth practical and envirnmentally friendly. As individuals, we can als 29.________ by reducing ur wn plastic cnsumptin. Every time we say n t a plastic straw, we are 30.________ the planet. The fight against plastic pllutin requires 31.________ actin frm everyne. Only by wrking tgether can we create a 32.________ future fr the next generatins.
23. A. indifferent B. cncerned C. happy D. ignrant
24. A. plastic B. wd C. metal D. paper
25. A. prmte B. encurage C. avid D. use
26. A. mistake B. difference C. prmise D. plan
27. A. banned B. prduced C. sld D. invented
28. A. traditinal B. alternative C. expensive D. dangerus
29. A. ignre B. cntribute C. harm D. pllute
30. A. damaging B. prtecting C. dirtying D. warming
31. A. individual B. cllective C. slw D. rapid
32. A. cleaner B. dirtier C. warmer D. clder
Passage 4 (主题：友谊)
True friendship is a precius gift. When I mved t a new city, I felt lnely and 33.________. I missed my ld friends and had truble making new nes. Then I met Lisa in my English class. She was warm and 34.________, and we quickly became clse. We wuld study tgether, share secrets, and supprt each ther thrugh tugh times. Lisa was always there when I needed smene t talk t. Her 35.________ made me feel less alne. Over time, ur 36.________ grew strnger. We learned that true friends are thse wh accept yu fr wh yu are, flaws and all. They dn't 37.________ yu when yu make mistakes; instead, they help yu learn frm them. Last year, Lisa had t mve away fr wrk. I was heartbrken, but we prmised t stay in 38.________. We vide chat every week and still share ur jys and srrws. Distance hasn't 39.________ ur bnd. In fact, it has made us appreciate each ther mre. I've realized that 40.________ friendship isn't abut being tgether all the time; it's abut knwing smene is always there fr yu, n matter what. I am truly 41.________ fr having Lisa in my life. She has taught me the true meaning f 42.________.
33. A. happy B. islated C. excited D. satisfied
34. A. cld B. friendly C. rude D. strict
35. A. presence B. absence C. criticism D. dubt
36. A. friendship B. cmpetitin C. cnflict D. distance
37. A. supprt B. judge C. encurage D. praise
38. A. tuch B. silence C. truble D. danger
39. A. strengthened B. weakened C. imprved D. changed
40. A. fake B. true C. shrt D. recent
41. A. grateful B. regretful C. srry D. angry
42. A. friendship B. lve C. life D. wrk
Passage 5 (主题：面对失败)
Failure is an inevitable part f life. N ne succeeds at everything they try. The key is hw we 43.________ t failure. Sme peple let it defeat them, while thers use it as a stepping stne t 44.________. Take Thmas Edisn, fr example. He failed thusands f times befre inventing the light bulb. But he never saw thse attempts as 45.________; he called them "10,000 ways that didn't wrk." His 46.________ attitude turned failure int a learning experience. When we face setbacks, it's imprtant t 47.________ frm ur mistakes. Ask yurself: What went wrng? What can I d differently next time? This 48.________ helps us grw and imprve. Mrever, we shuld nt be t hard n urselves. Everyne makes 49.________; it's part f being human. The key is t get back up and keep trying. As the saying ges, "Fall seven times, stand up eight." 50.________ is what separates thse wh achieve their gals frm thse wh dn't. S the next time yu 51.________, remember that it's nt the end f the wrld. Learn frm it, adjust yur apprach, and keep mving frward. In the end, yur 52.________ will make yur success even sweeter.
43. A. respnd B. add C. lead D. turn
44. A. failure B. success C. sadness D. regret
45. A. failures B. successes C. attempts D. experiments
46. A. negative B. psitive C. critical D. dubtful
47. A. learn B. hide C. escape D. suffer
48. A. reflectin B. rejectin C. cllectin D. cnnectin
49. A. prgress B. mistakes C. plans D. chices
50. A. Persistence B. Laziness C. Luck D. Mney
51. A. succeed B. fail C. win D. lse
52. A. persistence B. failure C. fear D. dubt
参考答案及解析
Passage 1
1. B (tired) —— 与后文 exhausted 构成同义词复现。
2. C (grabbed) —— 与前文 struggling with heavy luggage 语境呼应，表示“抓住”行李箱。
3. A (grateful) —— 与后文 thanking him 构成因果复现。
4. B (kindness) —— 与前文 act 和后文 kindness 构成原词复现（最后一段有 kindness）。
5. A (praise) —— 与后文 his gd deed 呼应，表示“赞扬”。
6. A (help) —— 与前文 help 构成原词复现（第一段有 help）。
7. A (difference) —— make a difference 固定短语，与前文 big 呼应。
8. A (helpful) —— 与前文 help 构成同根词复现。
9. B (brighten) —— 与前文 kindness 呼应，表示“照亮某人的一天”。
10. B (incident) —— 指前面发生的事件，与 stry 相比，incident 更正式。
11. B (kindness) —— 与前文 kindness 构成原词复现。
12. A (helping) —— lending a helping hand 固定搭配，与前文 help 呼应。
Passage 2
13. C (dream) —— 与后文 dream 构成原词复现（第19空有 dream）。
14. B (risky) —— 与后文 struggle 构成同义复现。
15. A (practical) —— 与 risky 形成反义复现，并与 medicine, law 等职业特点一致。
16. B (uncertain) —— 与 dubted herself 构成同义复现。
17. B (passin) —— 与后文 passin 构成原词复现（第21空有 passins）。
18. C (discurage) —— 与前文 dubted, uncertain 呼应，表示“使气馁”。
19. C (dream) —— 与前文 dream 构成原词复现。
20. A (give) —— give up 固定短语，与前文 呼应。
21. C (passins) —— 与前文 passin 构成原词复现。
22. B (persistence) —— 与后文 persistence 构成原词复现（第50空有 persistence）。
Passage 3
23. B (cncerned) —— 与 issue 搭配，表示“担忧的”。
24. A (plastic) —— 与前文 plastic 构成原词复现。
25. C (avid) —— 与 reduce 构成同义复现。
26. B (difference) —— make a difference 固定短语，与前文 significant 呼应。
27. A (banned) —— 与后文 reusable 形成因果复现。
28. B (alternative) —— 与 replace plastic 呼应，表示“替代的”。
29. B (cntribute) —— 与 actin 呼应，表示“贡献力量”。
30. B (prtecting) —— 与 planet 呼应，表示“保护”。
31. B (cllective) —— 与 everyne 呼应，表示“集体的”。
32. A (cleaner) —— 与 pllutin 反义复现，表示“更干净的”。
Passage 4
33. B (islated) —— 与 lnely 构成同义词复现。
34. B (friendly) —— 与 warm 构成同义词复现。
35. A (presence) —— 与 there when I needed smene 呼应，表示“存在”。
36. A (friendship) —— 与后文 friendship 构成原词复现。
37. B (judge) —— 与 accept yu fr wh yu are 反义复现，表示“评判”。
38. A (tuch) —— stay in tuch 固定短语，与后文 vide chat 呼应。
39. B (weakened) —— 与 distance 和 bnd 的语义关系，表示“削弱”。
40. B (true) —— 与 true friendship 原词复现（第一句）。
41. A (grateful) —— 与 precius gift 呼应，表示“感激的”。
42. A (friendship) —— 与前文 friendship 构成原词复现。
Passage 5
43. A (respnd) —— respnd t 表示“对……做出反应”。
44. B (success) —— 与 failure 构成反义复现。
45. A (failures) —— 与前文 failed 构成同源词复现。
46. B (psitive) —— 与 learning experience 呼应，表示“积极的”。
47. A (learn) —— learn frm 固定搭配，与前文 learning 复现。
48. A (reflectin) —— 与 ask yurself 呼应，表示“反思”。
49. B (mistakes) —— 与前文 mistakes 构成原词复现。
50. A (Persistence) —— 与后文 persistence 构成原词复现（第52空）。
51. B (fail) —— 与前文 failure 构成同源词复现。
52. A (persistence) —— 与前文 persistence 构成原词复现。
教学使用建议： 建议学生先通读全文把握大意，然后逐题分析选项与上下文的复现关系。教师可引导学生总结每篇中出现的复现类型，强化“上下文找线索”的意识。平时阅读中注意积累同义词、反义词和上下义词汇，提高敏感度。
复现类型
定义
示例
原词复现
同一单词在上下文中重复出现
He was very nervus befre the exam. This nervus feeling affected his perfrmance.
同义词复现
意义相同或相近的词汇重复出现
The little girl was terrified f the dark. Her mther tried t calm her frightened child.
反义词复现
意义相反的词汇形成对比
Unlike his generus brther, Tm was quite stingy.
上下义词复现
上义词（概括性词）与下义词（具体词）的呼应
She bught sme fruits, including apples, ranges, and bananas.